Healthy Diet: Eat Dried Peas, to Normalize Syndromes of 3 Triple H (Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia)

Hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are most prevalent modifiable risk factors for development of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and stroke.

Intake of dried pea and bean fibers daily and regularly may reduce risk and treatment of hypertension, Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia, some scientists suggested.

Dried pea is a small but nutritionally mighty member of the legume family, genus Pisum belongings to the family Fabaceae with healthy source of proteins, fibers, vitamins and minerals.

The Nutrients and Chemical constituents
1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A ( Beta carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin)
6. B vitamins
7. Vitamin C
8. Calcium
9. Iron
10. Magnesium
11. Phosphorus
12. Potassium
13. Zinc

14. Chemical constituents include saponin pisatin, L-pipecolic acid, glycoside-Pisatoside, tocopherols, cerebroside, etc.

1. The Effects of Dried Peas and Hypertension
Hypertension is a chronic condition characterized by abnormal high blood pressure.

According to the Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, daily intake of fiber has emerged not only to prevent and treat various types of chronic diseases.but also reduced risk of hypertension.

Dr. Anderson JW, the led author said, "Dried beans, oat products, and certain fruits and vegetables are good sources of soluble fiber" and "Current guidelines advise a doubling of dietary fiber intake for Americans. Inclusion of ample servings of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and dried beans and peas will help individuals meet these guidelines".

Additionally, in the examined iineralocorticoid excess-treated mice with a control diet, high-fiber diet, or acetate supplementation researcher found that high fiber diet not only modified the gut microbiota populations and also increased the abundance of acetate-producing bacteria independently of mineralocorticoid excess and reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

Dr. Marques FZ, the led researcher said, "The favorable effects of fiber may be explained by the generation and distribution of one of the main metabolites of the gut microbiota, the short-chain fatty acid acetate. Acetate effected several molecular changes associated with improved cardiovascular health and function".

These result demonstrated a significant effect of fibers intake in promoted health gut microbiota in regulating molecular changes associated with improved risk factor related to cardiovascular health and function, including blood pressure.

Other, in the examined cross-sectional studies of dietary intake as one of the major determinants in hypertension development and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension and the risk of incident hypertension in a large cohort study including incidence of hypertension among 80 426 French adults, researchers at the joint study led by the Paris-Descartes University found that
1. During a mean follow-up of 3.4±2.1 years, 2413 cases of incident hypertension were documented
2. Fiber intake displayed a strong effect in reduced risk of hypertension with relative odd risk of 0.81 in compared to the baseline.
3. Adopting a global healthy diet associated to several nutritional factors intake may be one of the best solution in reduced hypertensive incidence.


2. The Effects of Dried Peas on HyperlipidemiaHyperlipidemia is a condition characterized by high levels of cholesterol in the blood stream.

In a study of 173 women and men, with a mean body mass index of approximately 36 kg m(-2) (one-fifth with diabetes type 2) randomizedly assigned to a high-fibre bean-rich diet that achieved mean (SD) fibre intakes of 35.5 (18.6) g day for women and 42.5 (30.3) g day for men, or a low-carbohydrate diet, researchers found that
1. High bean fiber intake showed a better weight loss and weight control in compared to low carbohydrate diet group.
2. Intake of bean fiber group expressed a significant decreased of Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels in compared to other group.

Dr. Tonstad S, the led author said, "A high-fibre bean-rich diet was as effective as a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss, although only the bean-rich diet lowered atherogenic lipids".

Additionally, in dyslipidemia rats study to evaluate the effects of grain-bean package, dietary fiber (DF) extracted from grain-bean package, and DF from grain corn on the blood lipids and fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity in high-fat, high-cholesterol feeding by randomly assigned into normal control group, hyperlipidemia model group, grain-bean package group, grain-bean package DF group and grain corn group, researchers after adjusting to other risk factors filed the following results
1. Rats in hyperlipidemic model group showed a increased total cholesterol (TC), triglyceridaemia (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG) in compared to groups
2. In compared to hyperlipidemic model group, grain-bean package group, grain-bean package DF group, expressed significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC), triglyceridaemia (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose and significantly increased HDL-C levels.

The results of these findings demonstrated that dietary fiber can improve blood lipids levels indyslipidemic subject, decrease FAS activity and regulating SREBP-1c mRNA in glucose metabolic expression.



3. The Effects of Dried Peas on HyperglycemiaHyperglycemia is a medical condition characterized by abnormal high levels of glucose circulated in the blood stream.


Dried peas, a good sources of protein and fiber, is one of many rich-protein recommended for vegetarian.


Together with a low glycemic index, the peas may be considered as a high-fiber foods for daily carbohydrate intake in prediabetes.


Evidences of studies showed that a low-glycemic load meal containing psyllium soluble fiber is significantly improves the breakfast postprandial glycemic, insulinemic in adults with Type 2 DM.


In the study to compare the glycemic and insulinemic responses to 3 different meals based on dried peas, potatoes, or both in patients with type 2 diabetes, intake of the pea meal expressed a significant in tine delay of the increased postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, in compared to other meal.


Since carbohydrates counting in dried peas have been disregarded, the nutrient dried peas should be included in the consumption of low-glycemic, high-fiber foods at the expense of high-glycemic, low-fiber foods for prediabetes.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources

(1) Health benefits and practical aspects of high-fiber diets by Anderson JW1, Smith BM, Gustafson NJ.(PubMed)
(2) High-Fiber Diet and Acetate Supplementation Change the Gut Microbiota and Prevent the Development of Hypertension and Heart Failure in Hypertensive Mice by Marques FZ1, Nelson E2, Chu PY2, Horlock D2, Fiedler A2, Ziemann M2, Tan JK2, Kuruppu S2, Rajapakse NW2, El-Osta A2, Mackay CR2, Kaye DM1(PubMed)
(3) Individual and Combined Effects of Dietary Factors on Risk of Incident Hypertension: Prospective Analysis From the NutriNet-Santé Cohort by Lelong H1, Blacher J2, Baudry J1, Adriouch S1, Galan P1, Fezeu L1, Hercberg S1, Kesse-Guyot E1.(PubMed)(4) A high-fibre bean-rich diet versus a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity by Tonstad S1, Malik N, Haddad E.(PubMed)
(5) [Effect of grain-bean package, grain-bean package dietary fiber and single whole grain dietary fiber on dyslipidemia rats].[Article in Chinese] by Liu Y, Zhai C, Sun G, Zhang H, Jiang M, Zhang H, Guo J, Lan X.(PubMed)
(6) Evaluation of a high-fiber diet in hyperlipidemia: a review by Ullrich IH.(PubMed)(7) Effects of breakfast meal composition on second meal metabolic responses in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus by Clark CA, Gardiner J, McBurney MI, Anderson S, Weatherspoon LJ, Henry DN, Hord NG.(PubMed)
(8) Comparison of the effects of dried peas with those of potatoes in mixed meals on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes by Schäfer G, Schenk U, Ritzel U, Ramadori G, Leonhardt U.(PubMed)