Intestinal mucosa processes a single cell layer of epithelial cells with a function to protect the intestine against invasive pathogens and ensure the function of the intestinal in nutrients adsorption.
Biologically, the intestinal protection of the intestinal mucosal barrier function is associated with
*Bile and gastric acid produced in the liver and stomach that only aid digestion but kills microorganism
* Defensins secretory epithelial cells with a function to protect the intestines against bacteria, fungi and many enveloped and nonenveloped viruses.
* Lysozyme is an enzyme that protects the intestine by causing the destruction of the cell walls of certain bacteria.
* Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gammas (Reg3γ), an antibacterial lectin is a type of antimicrobial peptide found in the gut epithelial Paneth cells with a function to prevent microorganisms from coming into contact with the epithelial layer.
In other words, the intestinal mucosal barrier plays an essential role in the separation of the inside of the body from the outside environment, particularly in harmful microorganisms.
Dr. Oshima T the lead scientist in the examination of light junctions (TJs), the most important component for the construction of a constitutive barrier of epithelial cells that regulates the permeability of the barrier by tightly sealing the cell-cell junctions, wrote, "Gastrointestinal diseases including reflux esophagitis, inflammatory bowel disease, functional gastrointestinal disorders, and cancers may be regulated by these molecules, and disruption of their functions leads to chronic inflammatory conditions and chronic or progressive disease".
And, "regulation of the barrier function of epithelial cells by regulating the expression and localization of TJ proteins is a potential new target for the treatment of these diseases".
More precisely, by improving the intestinal mucosal barrier function, diseases associated with the gastrointestinal tract may be preventable.
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.
The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.
With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the protection of the intestinal mucosal barrier, researchers examined the effects of curcumin's extensive pharmacological effects, on gastrointestinal diseases.
According to the analysis, curcumin exerted protective effects on the intestinal mucosal barrier through multiple pathways.
More precisely, curcumin protected the tissues of the intestinal mucosal barrier by
* By reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines in orchestrating cell damage.
* By inhibiting the oxidative stress caused by overexpression of free radicals in facilitating the onset of chronic inflammation in the initiation of intestinal mucosal damage.
* By reducing levels of bacteria in the induction of infection that may weaken the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Moreover, curcumin also protected the cells of intestinal mucosa against apoptosis.
In additional differentiation of the tested assays, researchers also found that curcumin also balances the ratio of gut microbiota associated with the regulation of intestinal microecology and intestinal immune response which plays a critical role in enhancing the intestinal mucosal barrier function.
Taken altogether, turmeric may be considered a supplement for the improvement of intestinal mucosal barrier function, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of turmeric in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) [Advances in the research of protective effect of curcumin on intestinal mucosalbarrier function].
[Article in Chinese; Abstract available in Chinese from the publisher] by He D1, Wang S2, Hu H2, Yin HY2. (PubMed)
(2) Gastrointestinal mucosal barrier function and diseases by Oshima T1, Miwa H. (PubMed)
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