Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis is defined a chronic disorder as a result of inflammation, affecting mostly the flexible (synovial) joints and tissues and organs in the body. The disease affects more women than men and generally occurs after the ages of 40, causing diminished quality of life of many elders(1). According to CDC, Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) affects over 52 millions of adults in the US alone, including 294,000 children under age 18 with some form of arthritis or rheumatic conditions(2). Rheumatoid Arthritis can induced bone loss through elevating bone resorption without increasing bone formation(4). A cross-sectional population-based study of 1042 patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed that RA patients had an increased risk of death from various causes(4a).
The Signs and Symptoms
1. The feet and joints
Patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often associate to valgus deformities of the feet and deformities of gait due to body function in effort to support the collapsing longitudinal arch of the foot(3). According to Dr. Brooks F and Dr. Hariharan K., feet demortities, effecting over 90% of the patient, behind only the hand, leading to painful callosities and dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joints(5). Because of its severity, regardless to "....pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis and its impact upon disease progression, forefoot deformity and pain remain common manifestations requiring reconstruction from orthopadic surgeons" Dr. Amin A. and the reaserch team at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, said(6).
In fact, the prevalence of deformations of hands, feet and gait can be seen among patient with rheumatoid arthritis among aging population may be depending to the severity and time factors which can lead to enormous pain and swelling of the ankle of which correlated weakly but statistically significantly with limitation and disability(7). The Jyväskylä Central Hospital, suggested that radiographic damage of hand and foot joints, and the number of tender and swollen joints are frequent found in patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis(8)(9).
2. The gait
Dr. Weiss RJ. and the research team at the Karolinska Institutet, showed that the kinematic and kinetic gait changes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are the result of a significant reduction in joint motions, joint moments, such as decreased hip flexion-extension range, hip abduction, knee flexion-extension range,...(9). The valgus deformities of the feet in patient withRA may be the main contribution to deformities of gait, including revealed decreases in velocity, stride length, and single-limb-support time(10). Used as characterise dysfunction of the lower limb and foot in people, gait also expressed its effects mainly in RA's patient with conditions of of a slower walk, longer double support time, and avoidance of extreme positions(11).
3. The hands
The affects of deformation of RA's hands can be described through the defects of bone ankylosis as a result of bone damage of the prolonged onset of the disease(12). These deformities of hand and wrist and small peripheral joints (such as fingers and wrist) due to chronic inflammation can be treated by transelectrical nerve stimulation, the University of Ottawa suggested(14).
According to the joint study lead by the University of Warwick, strengthening and stretching have been found effectively in reduced pain and dysfunction of the hands and/or wrists in RA patient with stable medication for at least 3 months(13)
4. The Muscle strength
The effects of muscle strength in patient with RA may contribute to the prevalence of functional limitations physically of that cdan effects daily living and quality of life. Dr. Häkkinen A and the research team at Jyväskylä Central Hospital, suggested that 2-year program of strength training showed a statistically significant improvement in clinical disease activity parameters, walking speed and physical function(15). Some researchers suggested that muscle strength was found inversely and independently associated with all-cause mortality, including the levels of physical activity or even cardiorespiratory fitness(16).
Dr. Brodin N and Dr. Swärdh said"... short-term land-based aerobic and strengthening exercise on moderate to high intensity results in positive effects on oxygen uptake and muscular strength, but not pain,..." (17).of that may be necessary for patient with RA.
5. Rheumatoid nodules
Rheumatoid nodules, lump on the skin, closed to the joint have been found to affect the joints of patients with rheumatoid nodules(18). Treatment of rheumatoid nodules are necessary in odd cases if the patient are experiencing pain or interference of mechanical function, according to Dr. Tilstra JS and Dr.Lienesch DW.(19). Use of methotrexate (MTX) in patient with RA may accelerate the occurance of nodulosis in the fingers. but nodules will be resolved after methotrexate was discontinued and recurred after methotrexate was reintroduced(20).
5. Conjunctival nodule
Although is rare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the appreance of the nodules may exhibit the
severity of the underlying disease, according to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences(21), including Pityriasis Lichenoides et Varioliformis Acuta(22), Epstein-Barr virus(23)
6. Morning stiffness
Morning stiffness, as a marker of inflammatory activity in reflecting functional disability and pain is a very common symptoms of patients in early rheumatoid arthritis(24). Use of glucocorticoid is found effectively in pain relief over 70 percent of patient with RA(25).
According to the Charité University Medicine, in a 12-week, multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial, 288 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, treatment of modified-release prednisone exhibited a clinically relevant reduction of morningstiffness of the joint in comparison of immediate-release prednisone(26).
7. Quality of life
7.1. Physical disability
Although psychological distress and physical disability have been decreased with the cautious approach with respect to prescribing medication and physical exercise progressed toward RA patient(27), but tools necessary to measure RA disease activity are often incomplete, imprecise, or rely on a combination of physician and patient subjective evaluations(28)
Dr. Motl RW and Dr. McAuley E.said" The rationale and the associated onset of chronic disease conditions that influence function, disability, and quality of life (QOL) is embedded in the "Graying of America""(29), including patient with RA.
7.2. Concurrent psychiatric disorders
Concurrent psychiatric disorders, such as depression or anxiety in patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis is found to associate to poor quality of life, according to Dr. Mok C, and the scientists at the Tuen
Mun Hospital(30). Patients with RA is found to associate to Neurologic (N) and psychiatric (P) syndromes including depression and anxiety and symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, etc.,....of that induced poorer quality of life, according to the Lby the SF-36 and fatigue by a 10 point Likert scale(32).
Dr. Arnold LM said" Chronic widespread pain is associated with several medical and psychiatric disorders,....,careful and comprehensive differential diagnosis must be performed to ensure a correct diagnosis before an appropriate treatment can be selected"(31).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer recommended by Kyle J. Norton
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) 8 Areas of Age-Related Change(NIH)
(2) Arthritis-Related Statistics(CDC)
(3) Valgus deformities of the feet and characteristics of gait in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis by Keenan MA1, Peabody TD, Gronley JK, Perry J.(PubMed)
(4) Serum Sclerostin Level Among Egyptian Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Relation to Disease Activity ,Bone Mineral Density and Radiological Grading by Mehaney DA, Eissa M, Anwar S, El-Din SF(PubMed)
(4a) Death rates and causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study by Sihvonen S1, Korpela M, Laippala P, Mustonen J, Pasternack A(PubMed)
(5) The rheumatoid forefoot by Brooks F1, Hariharan K.(PubMed)
(6) Rheumatoid forefoot reconstruction by Amin A1, Cullen N, Singh D.(PubMed)
(7) We should not forget the foot: relations between signs and symptoms, damage, and function in rheumatoid arthritis by Baan H1, Drossaers-Bakker W, Dubbeldam R, van de Laar M.(PubMed)
(8) Pain and joint mobility explain individual subdimensions of the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) disability index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by Häkkinen A1, Kautiainen H, Hannonen P, Ylinen J, Arkela-Kautiainen M, Sokka T.(PubMed)
(9) Gait pattern in rheumatoid arthritis by Weiss RJ1, Wretenberg P, Stark A, Palmblad K, Larsson P, Gröndal L, Broström E.(PubMed)
(10) Valgus deformities of the feet and characteristics of gait in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis by Keenan MA1, Peabody TD, Gronley JK, Perry J.(PubMed)
(11) Gait analysis of the lower limb in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review by Baan H1, Dubbeldam R, Nene AV, van de Laar MA.(PubMed)
(12) Ankylosis of the wrist bones in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a study with extremity-dedicated MRI by Barbieri F1, Zampogna G1, Camellino D1, Paparo F2, Cutolo M1, Garlaschi G3, Cimmino MA4.(PubMed)
(13) Strengthening And stretching for Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand (SARAH). A randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation by Williams MA1, Williamson EM1, Heine PJ1, Nichols V1, Glover MJ2, Dritsaki M2, Adams J3, Dosanjh S1, Underwood M1, Rahman A4, McConkey C1, Lord J1,Lamb SE1.(PubMed)
(14) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the hand by Brosseau L1, Judd MG, Marchand S, Robinson VA, Tugwell P, Wells G, Yonge K(PubMed)
(15) A randomized two-year study of the effects of dynamic strength training on muscle strength, disease activity, functional capacity, and bone mineral density in early rheumatoid arthritis by Häkkinen A1, Sokka T, Kotaniemi A, Hannonen P.(PubMed)
(16) Muscular strength as a strong predictor of mortality: A narrative review by Volaklis KA1, Halle M2, Meisinger C3.(PubMed)
(17) Personer med reumatoid artrit bör uppmanas till fysisk aktivitet.[Article in Swedish]by Brodin N1, Swärdh E1.(PubMed)
(18) Microchimerism in the rheumatoid nodules of patients with rheumatoid arthritis by Chan WF1, Atkins CJ, Naysmith D, van der Westhuizen N, Woo J, Nelson JL.(PubMed)
(19) Rheumatoid Nodules by Tilstra JS1, Lienesch DW2.(PubMed)
(20)Accelerated cutaneous nodulosis during methotrexate therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis by Williams FM1, Cohen PR, Arnett FC.(PubMed)
(21) Conjunctival nodule in rheumatoid arthritis by Kheirkhah A1, Amoli FA, Azari AA, Molaei S, Roozbahani M.(PubMed)
(22) Conjunctival Inflammatory Nodule in a Patient with Pityriasis Lichenoides et Varioliformis Acuta by Elad Moisseiev* and David Varssano(PMC)
(23) Conjunctival lymphocytic nodule associated with the Epstein-Barr virus by Gardner BP1, Margolis TP, Mondino BJ.(PubMed)
(24) Morning stiffness in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis is associated more strongly with functional disability than with joint swelling and erythrocyte sedimentation rate by Yazici Y1, Pincus T, Kautiainen H, Sokka T.(PubMed)(25) Improvement Thresholds for Morning Stiffness Duration in Patients Receiving Delayed- Versus Immediate-Release Prednisone for Rheumatoid Arthritis by Buttgereit F, Kent JD, Holt RJ, Grahn AY, Rice P, Alten R, Yazici Y.(PubMed)
(26) Efficacy of modified-release versus standard prednisone to reduce duration of morning stiffness of the joints inrheumatoid arthritis (CAPRA-1): a double-blind, randomised controlled trial by Buttgereit F1, Doering G, Schaeffler A, Witte S, Sierakowski S, Gromnica-Ihle E, Jeka S, Krueger K, Szechinski J, Alten R.(PubMed)
(27) Change of psychological distress and physical disability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over the last two decades by Overman CL1, Jurgens MS, Bossema ER, Jacobs JW, Bijlsma JW, Geenen R.(PubMed)
(28) Optimizing Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy: Using Objective Measures of Disease Activity to Guide Treatment by Owens GM1(PubMed)
(29) Physical activity, disability, and quality of life in older adults by Motl RW1, McAuley E.(PubMed)
(30) Concurrent psychiatric disorders are associated with significantly poorer quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by Mok CC1, Lok EY, Cheung EF(PubMed)
(31) Pain and the brain: chronic widespread pain by Arnold LM1(PubMed)
Tuesday, April 19, 2016
The smoothie of Alfalfa Sprouts Juice, Green Tea and Honey for Prevention and Treatment of Vaginal Bleeding in Menopause caused by cervical Polyps
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
The finding of a natural source for reduced risk and treatment of Vaginal Bleeding in Menopause caused by Polyps has encountered many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially the promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in either large sample size and mutli centers human trials.
Scientists in some well known institutions may have found the therapeutic and potential ingredients from natural sources(Green tea and grape) for reduced risk and treatment of Vaginal Bleeding in Menopause caused by Polyps.
Abnormal vaginal bleeding is a bleeding when you do not suppose to such as menopause, pregnancy or when your menstruation is lighter or heavier than it should be.
Polyps is a small and benign growth, with a stalk, protruding from an epithelial tissue.
The smoothie for reduced risk and treatment of Vaginal Bleeding in Menopause caused by cervical Polyps
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
3/4 cup alfalfa sprouts juice
1/4 cup honey for taste
1 cup green tea drink (Make from 4 grams of green tea, a slice of ginger and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and let cool to room temperature)
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed. Add more green tea drink if needed
All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
The finding of a natural source for reduced risk and treatment of Vaginal Bleeding in Menopause caused by Polyps has encountered many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially the promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in either large sample size and mutli centers human trials.
Scientists in some well known institutions may have found the therapeutic and potential ingredients from natural sources(Green tea and grape) for reduced risk and treatment of Vaginal Bleeding in Menopause caused by Polyps.
Abnormal vaginal bleeding is a bleeding when you do not suppose to such as menopause, pregnancy or when your menstruation is lighter or heavier than it should be.
Polyps is a small and benign growth, with a stalk, protruding from an epithelial tissue.
The smoothie for reduced risk and treatment of Vaginal Bleeding in Menopause caused by cervical Polyps
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
3/4 cup alfalfa sprouts juice
1/4 cup honey for taste
1 cup green tea drink (Make from 4 grams of green tea, a slice of ginger and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and let cool to room temperature)
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed. Add more green tea drink if needed
3. Serve immediately
Cervical polyps are small, elongated tumors that grow on the cervix caused by hormone imbalance and chronic inflammation of cervix. According to the statistic, the prevalence of any abnormality within a cervical polyp is significantly lower in postmenopausal, compared with premenopausal women(1).
Phytoestrogen, such as isoflavonoids found in legume exhibited estrogenic and anti estorgenic effects depending to the levels of estrogen in women may inhibit the induction of cervical polyps caused by hormone imbalance(2).
In menopausal women, estrogen deficiency after menopause not only accelerated the redox imbalance and insulin signaling but also induced oxidative stress (OS) and insulin resistance (IR), intake of isoflavones from varies sources including may exhibited estrogen balancing effect in ameliorated risk of oxidative stress (OS) and insulin resistance (IR)(3).
Phytoestrogen, such as isoflavonoids found in legume exhibited estrogenic and anti estorgenic effects depending to the levels of estrogen in women may inhibit the induction of cervical polyps caused by hormone imbalance(2).
In menopausal women, estrogen deficiency after menopause not only accelerated the redox imbalance and insulin signaling but also induced oxidative stress (OS) and insulin resistance (IR), intake of isoflavones from varies sources including may exhibited estrogen balancing effect in ameliorated risk of oxidative stress (OS) and insulin resistance (IR)(3).
Dr. Kurzer MS and Dr. Xu X. Said, " phytoestrogens include isoflavones.......... A number of these compounds have been identified in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains commonly consumed by humans.....(such as) alfalfa sprouts,,..(through) proposed mechanisms include estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects"(4).
Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Due to its commercial values and health effects, green tea now has been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate. Its phytochemicals such as polyphenols (GTP) have shown to inhibit over expression of chronic inflammation of pro inflammatory cytokine TNF-α.(5) in chronic inflammatory diseases(6).
In animal model, alcoholic extracts of green tea (AE) displayed anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects against chronic inflammatory disorders, the UNIFOR, Fortaleza, insisted(7).Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Due to its commercial values and health effects, green tea now has been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate. Its phytochemicals such as polyphenols (GTP) have shown to inhibit over expression of chronic inflammation of pro inflammatory cytokine TNF-α.(5) in chronic inflammatory diseases(6).
The effectiveness of Alfalfa Sprouts Juice and Green Tea may serve as cornerstones of pharmaceutical target for further studies in production of a potential medication for for Reduced Risk of Consequences of Cervical Polyps with little or no adverse effects.
Women who are pregnancy may want to stop drinking excessively. Otherwise, intake of
Smoothie of Alfalfa Sprouts Juice and Green Tea may Reduced Risk and treatment of Cervical Polyps.
Life style and dietary patter change are recommended.
Women who are pregnancy may want to stop drinking excessively. Otherwise, intake of
Smoothie of Alfalfa Sprouts Juice and Green Tea may Reduced Risk and treatment of Cervical Polyps.
Life style and dietary patter change are recommended.
All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
References
(1) Cervical polyps in postmenopausal women: is there a difference in risk? by Schnatz PF1, Ricci S, O'Sullivan DM.(PubMed)
(2) Phytoestrogen content and estrogenic effect of legume fodder by Saloniemi H1, Wähälä K, Nykänen-Kurki P, Kallela K, Saastamoinen I.(PubMed)
(3) Amelioration of oxidative stress and insulin resistance by soy isoflavones (from Glycine max) in ovariectomized Wistar rats fed with high fat diet: the molecular mechanisms by Sankar P1, Zachariah B2, Vickneshwaran V3, Jacob SE4, Sridhar MG3(PubMed)
(4) Dietary phytoestrogens by Kurzer MS1, Xu X.(PubMed)
(5) Protective actions of green tea polyphenols and alfacalcidol on bone microstructure in female rats with chronicinflammation by Shen CL1, Yeh JK, Samathanam C, Cao JJ, Stoecker BJ, Dagda RY, Chyu MC, Wang JS.(PubMed)
(6) Green tea polyphenols attenuate deterioration of bone microarchitecture in female rats with systemic chronic inflammation by Shen CL1, Yeh JK, Samathanam C, Cao JJ, Stoecker BJ, Dagda RY, Chyu MC, Dunn DM, Wang JS.(PubMed)
(7) Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in mice. by Mota MA1, Landim JS1, Targino TS1, Silva SF1, Silva SL1, Pereira MR1.(PubMed)
(1) Cervical polyps in postmenopausal women: is there a difference in risk? by Schnatz PF1, Ricci S, O'Sullivan DM.(PubMed)
(2) Phytoestrogen content and estrogenic effect of legume fodder by Saloniemi H1, Wähälä K, Nykänen-Kurki P, Kallela K, Saastamoinen I.(PubMed)
(3) Amelioration of oxidative stress and insulin resistance by soy isoflavones (from Glycine max) in ovariectomized Wistar rats fed with high fat diet: the molecular mechanisms by Sankar P1, Zachariah B2, Vickneshwaran V3, Jacob SE4, Sridhar MG3(PubMed)
(4) Dietary phytoestrogens by Kurzer MS1, Xu X.(PubMed)
(5) Protective actions of green tea polyphenols and alfacalcidol on bone microstructure in female rats with chronicinflammation by Shen CL1, Yeh JK, Samathanam C, Cao JJ, Stoecker BJ, Dagda RY, Chyu MC, Wang JS.(PubMed)
(6) Green tea polyphenols attenuate deterioration of bone microarchitecture in female rats with systemic chronic inflammation by Shen CL1, Yeh JK, Samathanam C, Cao JJ, Stoecker BJ, Dagda RY, Chyu MC, Dunn DM, Wang JS.(PubMed)
(7) Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in mice. by Mota MA1, Landim JS1, Targino TS1, Silva SF1, Silva SL1, Pereira MR1.(PubMed)
Most Common Diseases of 50plus: Pulmonary vascular disease(Respiratory disease): Pulmonary embolism- The Complications and diseases associated to
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Respiratory Disease
Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing, etc,.
Pulmonary vascular disease: Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary vascular disease is defined as a condition of blood flow to the lung’s artery is blocked suddenly due to a blood clot somewhere in the body, including pulmonary embolism, chronic thromboembolic disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary edema, etc.
Complications and diseases associated to pulmonary embolism
C.1. Complications
1. Endomyocarditis
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. In a recent study in patients with PE, an increased level of macrophages was found in the right ventricle. In teh study to evaluate the presence of inflammatory cells, myocytolysis and intracavitary thrombi in the left and right ventricle of patients who died because of PE as a putative new source of heart failure, showed that in patients with PE, endomyocarditis and intracavitary thrombi in the left and right ventricle were found. These abnormalities may be an additional new explanation for the observed cardiac enzyme release and functional abnormalities of the heart in these patients and may contribute to the morbidity and mortality of the disease(19).
2. Other complications
In a study by the the University Medical Center Mannheim, of 65 patients with confirmed acute PE, hs-cTnI and D-dimer values were measured. Adverse clinical outcome was defined as cardiogenic shock, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor therapy, thrombolysis, catheter intervention or mortality within 60 days of PE. Patients with acute PE and serum hs-cTnI values >0.1 ng/ml showed significantly higher D-dimer concentrations (P= 0.0467) and a 5-fold increased risk of an adverse clinical outcome [odds ratio (OR), 4.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-18.66; P=0.0235] compared with patients with acute PE and hs-cTnI values <0.1 ng/ml(20).
C.2. Diseases associated to Pulmonary embolism (PE)
1. Low blood pressure
Massive pulmonary embolism (PE) is characterized by systemic hypotension (defined as a systolic arterial pressure < 90 mm Hg or a drop in systolic arterial pressure of at least 40 mm Hg for at least 15 min which is not caused by new onset arrhythmias) or shock (manifested by evidence of tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxia, including an altered level of consciousness, oliguria, or cool, clammy extremities). Massive pulmonary embolism has a high mortality rate despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, according to teh study by the New York Medical College(21).
2. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
The average annual incidence of deep vein thrombosis alone was 48 per 100,000, while the incidence of pulmonary embolism with or without deep vein thrombosis was 23 per 100,000. The incidence rates of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism increased exponentially with age, according to the University of Massachusetts Medical School(22).
3. Congenital heart disease
Long-term complications of congenital heart diseases include rhythm disturbances, pulmonary hypertension, or heart failure are frequent, despite optimal care. Acute complications like arrhythmias, infective endocarditis, cerebral events, cerebral abscesses, aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, and bleeding(23)
4. Pleural Effusion
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the fourth cause of pleural effusions, after pneumonia, neoinfiltrates and tuberculosis, according to the study by the Institute of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis(24).
5. Pulmonary edema
There is a report of a case of severe pulmonary embolism in a 37 years old man admitted to the intensive care unit for severe acute respiratory failure. The presenting signs and symptoms were typical for severe pulmonary oedema(25).
6. Thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)
Incomplete resolution of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is frequently observed after acute PE and may rarely result in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)(26).
7. Pulmonary hypertension
Incomplete resolution of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is frequently observed after acute PE and may rarely result in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). According to the study by the Leiden University Medical Center, CTEPH is associated with a poor prognosis if left untreated. Therefore, the diagnostic approach of CTEPH aims at assessing the location and extent of the embolic obstruction, establishing the operability and prognosis of the patients and ruling out other variations of pulmonary hypertension with distinct indicated treatment(27).
8. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic renal failure
There is a report of a 75-year-old man affected by a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic renal failure admitted to our emergency department for dyspnea and interscapular stabbing pain. Chest radiography showed diffuse parenchymal consolidation in the lower right lung with bronchiectasis, but the treatment for infection disease did not improve the clinical conditions of the patient. According to Wells score indicating an intermediate risk for pulmonary embolism, chest ultrasonography that showed ultrasonographic patterns of thromboembolism(28).
(19) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17646195
(20) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23403884
(21) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23319967
(22) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2025141
(23) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23318541
(24) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23425873
(25) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6704566
(26) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23607029
(27) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22648493
(28) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22154162
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Respiratory Disease
Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing, etc,.
Pulmonary vascular disease: Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary vascular disease is defined as a condition of blood flow to the lung’s artery is blocked suddenly due to a blood clot somewhere in the body, including pulmonary embolism, chronic thromboembolic disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary edema, etc.
Pulmonary edema is defined as a condition of fluid accumulation in the air spaces and parenchyma of the lungs of that can lead to difficult of breathing and respiratory failure.
C.1. Complications
1. Endomyocarditis
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. In a recent study in patients with PE, an increased level of macrophages was found in the right ventricle. In teh study to evaluate the presence of inflammatory cells, myocytolysis and intracavitary thrombi in the left and right ventricle of patients who died because of PE as a putative new source of heart failure, showed that in patients with PE, endomyocarditis and intracavitary thrombi in the left and right ventricle were found. These abnormalities may be an additional new explanation for the observed cardiac enzyme release and functional abnormalities of the heart in these patients and may contribute to the morbidity and mortality of the disease(19).
2. Other complications
In a study by the the University Medical Center Mannheim, of 65 patients with confirmed acute PE, hs-cTnI and D-dimer values were measured. Adverse clinical outcome was defined as cardiogenic shock, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor therapy, thrombolysis, catheter intervention or mortality within 60 days of PE. Patients with acute PE and serum hs-cTnI values >0.1 ng/ml showed significantly higher D-dimer concentrations (P= 0.0467) and a 5-fold increased risk of an adverse clinical outcome [odds ratio (OR), 4.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-18.66; P=0.0235] compared with patients with acute PE and hs-cTnI values <0.1 ng/ml(20).
C.2. Diseases associated to Pulmonary embolism (PE)
1. Low blood pressure
Massive pulmonary embolism (PE) is characterized by systemic hypotension (defined as a systolic arterial pressure < 90 mm Hg or a drop in systolic arterial pressure of at least 40 mm Hg for at least 15 min which is not caused by new onset arrhythmias) or shock (manifested by evidence of tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxia, including an altered level of consciousness, oliguria, or cool, clammy extremities). Massive pulmonary embolism has a high mortality rate despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, according to teh study by the New York Medical College(21).
2. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
The average annual incidence of deep vein thrombosis alone was 48 per 100,000, while the incidence of pulmonary embolism with or without deep vein thrombosis was 23 per 100,000. The incidence rates of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism increased exponentially with age, according to the University of Massachusetts Medical School(22).
3. Congenital heart disease
Long-term complications of congenital heart diseases include rhythm disturbances, pulmonary hypertension, or heart failure are frequent, despite optimal care. Acute complications like arrhythmias, infective endocarditis, cerebral events, cerebral abscesses, aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, and bleeding(23)
4. Pleural Effusion
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the fourth cause of pleural effusions, after pneumonia, neoinfiltrates and tuberculosis, according to the study by the Institute of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis(24).
5. Pulmonary edema
There is a report of a case of severe pulmonary embolism in a 37 years old man admitted to the intensive care unit for severe acute respiratory failure. The presenting signs and symptoms were typical for severe pulmonary oedema(25).
6. Thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)
Incomplete resolution of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is frequently observed after acute PE and may rarely result in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)(26).
7. Pulmonary hypertension
Incomplete resolution of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is frequently observed after acute PE and may rarely result in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). According to the study by the Leiden University Medical Center, CTEPH is associated with a poor prognosis if left untreated. Therefore, the diagnostic approach of CTEPH aims at assessing the location and extent of the embolic obstruction, establishing the operability and prognosis of the patients and ruling out other variations of pulmonary hypertension with distinct indicated treatment(27).
8. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic renal failure
There is a report of a 75-year-old man affected by a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic renal failure admitted to our emergency department for dyspnea and interscapular stabbing pain. Chest radiography showed diffuse parenchymal consolidation in the lower right lung with bronchiectasis, but the treatment for infection disease did not improve the clinical conditions of the patient. According to Wells score indicating an intermediate risk for pulmonary embolism, chest ultrasonography that showed ultrasonographic patterns of thromboembolism(28).
All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Sources(19) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17646195
(20) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23403884
(21) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23319967
(22) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2025141
(23) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23318541
(24) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23425873
(25) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6704566
(26) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23607029
(27) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22648493
(28) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22154162
Monday, April 18, 2016
Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: Treatment In herbal and traditional Chinese medicine - The herbal Formulas
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Treatment
B. In herbal and traditional Chinese medicine perspective
B.2.2. Herbal and traditional Chinese medicine formulas
1. Phytodolor (STW 1)
Phytodolor, a fixed herbal formulation containing alcoholic extracts of aspen leaves and bark (Populus tremula), common ash bark (Fraxinus excelsior), and golden rod herb (Solidago virgaurea), has been used for treatment in painful inflammatory or degenerative rheumatic diseases(483), probably due to its antiinflammatory, antioedematous, antioxidative and analgesic properties(483).
According to the University Hospital Zurich, in the review of the data base of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), STW1 can be used as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in relieving pain in patient with musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis(484). DR. Gundermann KJ and Dr., Müller J. in the study of painful inflammatory or degenerative rheumatic diseases, said" Phytodolor (STW 1) is a reasonable alternative to NSAIDs and to cyclooxygenase(COX)-2-inhibitors such as rofecoxib"(483) and "STW 1 has a high drug safety"(483) with little side effects(486).
The formula although is found to be effective in some extension in treating pain for patient with MD, some research suggested that most popular CAM therapies for pain from arthritis-related conditions, should be gone through additional high quality research, especially for herbals and homeopathy(485).
2. Reumalex
Reumalex, is a herbal medicine formula containing 100 mg White Willow bark, 40 mg, Guaiacum Resin BHP, 35 mg Black Cohosh, 25 mg Extract of Sarsparilla and 17 mg Extract of Poplar Bark. In a 2 months without cross-over study, in 82 subjects with chronic arthritic pain, Dr. Mills SY and the research team at the University of Exeter showed that Reumalex, the herbal medicine improved the pain symptoms through its mild analgesic effect(487).
3. Gitadyl
Gitadyl is another herbal medicine formula containing 110 mg feverfew, 90 mg American aspen and 60 mg milfoil(488). According to a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study conducted by Hvidovre Hospital, in comparison of the effectiveness of herbal formula Gitadyl and conventional medicine ibuprofen(490) in patients with osteoarthritis, researchers found that Gitadyl can be used for treatment of such as reduced pain(488) and working ability(488) of patient with osteoarthritis who are prone to bleeding or who develop gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms from NSAIDs(489),
4. SKI306X
SKI306X, is a herbal formula containing Clematis mandshurica (CM), Prunella vulgaris (PV), and Trichosanthes kirilowii (TK),
According to the study by the Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, SKI3006X, reduced pain and improve physical performance(498) by inhibited degradation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) through its expression on anti inflammatory(497)(499) and analgesic(499)properties in interleukin (IL)-1β induced gene expression in human OA(497). In a a double-blind placebo controlled study of 96 patients with classical osteoarthritis of the knee, SKI 306X at 100mm demonstrated its clinical efficacy in comparison to placebo, according to the Chung-Ang University(500).
5. Duhuo Jisheng Wan (DJW)
Duhuo Jisheng Wan (DJW)or Duhuo Jisheng Tang (DJT) is a Chinese herbal formula containing over 18 individual herbs(501) has been used for treatment of knee osteoarthritis with limit scientific evidence(502), according to the Nestlé Research Center(503), but in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, controlled trial of a total of 200 patients suffering from OA of the knee, researcher at the Chiang Mai University, showed to improve walking pain, standing pain and stiffness, with approximately 30% of patients in both groups experienced mild adverse events(504).
The Taipei City Hospital study of Duhuo Jisheng Wan(DJW) also supported the effectiveness of the herbal formula in reduced pain, stiffness and improved physical functioning as well as other symptoms of degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee(502).
6. Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling (HLXL) Dan
Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling (HLXL) Dan is a Chinese herbal formula containing Ru Xiang (Boswellia carterii Birdw.), Mo Yao (Commiphora myrrha Engl.), Dang Gui (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels) and Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge), used over thousands of year in Chinese history for treatment in alleviating pain caused rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory disorders(505)(508). On a Phase II clinical trial at Kernan Hospital of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, the herbal formula moderately inhibited hyperanalgesic (severe pain killing)(508) with no side effect in comparison to placebo(506) in patient with osteoarthritis OA. The phase II clinical trials also showed treatment of HLXL-Dan was not superior to placebo in pain relief or functional improvement in patients with knee OA if use only in 8 weeks(507).
7. Si Miao Fang
SI Miao Fang is a herbal formula comprised of Phellodendri Chines Cortex, Atractylodis rhizoma, Coicis Semen, and Achyranthis bidentatae Radix used in traditional Chinese medicine for pain relief, due to inflammation and and analgesics(509) in patient with gouty arthritis(510) and rheumatoid arthritis(511). In osteoarthritic rat model, according to the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, herbal formula inhibited expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -3 and -13 and aggrecanases (ADAMTS) -4 and -5, induced OA causes of cartilage matrix degradation, by increasing proteoglycan and collagen content(512) through its interferes with secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators(512).
8. Other Chinese herbal prescription for treatment of OA, according to Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis in TCM Therapy by Chun Yi, Lu O.M.D., LAc. may also include Shu Jing Huo Xue Tang
Shu Jing Huo Xue Tang can be prescribed for treatment of patient with osteoarthritis caused by blood stagnation and blood stasis induced chronic pain syndromes, through its effect in suppressed neuropathic pain behaviors(514), including adjuvant arthritis(515). According to the article of Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis in TCM Therapy by Chun Yi, Lu O.M.D., LAc(513), the formula can also used for treatment of OA patient due to the effects in induced blood downward movement, strengthened the movement of bone, relived pain, improved joint function and inhibited inflammation causes of swollen of the joint lining and (513).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer recommended by Kyle J. Norton
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(8) The symptoms of OA and the genesis of pain by David J. Hunter, MBBS PhD,1,2 Jason J. McDougall, BSc PhD,3 and Francis J. Keefe4(PubMed)
(483) Phytodolor--effects and efficacy of a herbal medicine by Gundermann KJ1, Müller J.(PubMed)
(484) Phytodolor® in musculoskeletal disorders: re-analysis and meta-analysis by Uehleke B1, Brignoli R, Rostock M, Saller R, Melzer J.(PubMed)
(485) Selected CAM therapies for arthritis-related pain: the evidence from systematic reviews.
Soeken KL1.(PubMed)
(486) EFFECT OF A PROPRIETARY HERBAL MEDICINE ON THE RELIEF OF CHRONIC ARTHRITIC PAIN: A DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY by S. Y. MILLS, R. K. JACOBY*, M. CHACKSFIELD and M. WILLOUGHBY(Rheumatology)
(487) Effect of a proprietary herbal medicine on the relief of chronic arthritic pain: a double-blind study by Mills SY1, Jacoby RK, Chacksfield M, Willoughby M.(PubMed)
(488) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthrosis. The result of a double-blind, randomized cross-over study].[Article in Danish]by Ryttig K1, Schlamowitz PV, Warnøe O, Wilstrup F.(PubMed)
(489) Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study of clinical efficacy and effects on platelets and PMNs by Mieszczak CI1, Kharazmi A, Rein J, Winther K.(PubMed)
(490) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen].[Article in Danish] by [No authors listed](PubMed)
(491) Danshen prevents articular cartilage degeneration via antioxidation in rabbits with osteoarthritis by Bai B1, Li Y2.(PubMed)
(492) Veterinary Herbal Medicine By Susan G. Wynn, Barbara Fougère, page 349.
(493) Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in Medicine: Volume 2. Pharmacology ..., Volume 2 edited by Xijun Yan
(494) [Comparative analysis on composition principles of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis].[Article in Chinese] by Zheng ZR, Tang SH.(PubMed)
(495) Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use Among Adults and Children: United States, 2007 by Patricia M. Barnes, M.A., and Barbara Bloom, M.P.A., Division of Health Interview Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics; and Richard L. Nahin, Ph.D., M.P.H., National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health
(496) Chinese Herbal Bath Therapy for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Chen B1, Zhan H1, Chung M2, Lin X1, Zhang M1, Pang J1, Wang C3.(PubMed)
(497) Assessment of comparative pain relief and tolerability of SKI306X compared with celecoxib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a 6-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, phase III, noninferiority clinical trial by Song YW1, Lee EY, Koh EM, Cha HS, Yoo B, Lee CK, Baek HJ, Kim HA, Suh YI, Kang SW, Lee YJ, Jung HG.(PubMed)
(498) SKI306X inhibition of glycosaminoglycan degradation in human cartilage involves down-regulation of cytokine-induced catabolic genes by Choi CH1, Kim TH2, Sung YK2, Choi CB2, Na YI3, Yoo H4, Jun JB2.(PubMed)
(499) Effects of SKI306X on arachidonate metabolism and other inflammatory mediators by Kim JH1, Ryu KH, Jung KW, Han CK, Kwak WJ, Cho YB.(PubMed)
(500) Effect of SKI 306X, a new herbal anti-arthritic agent, in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a double-blind placebo controlled study by Jung YB1, Roh KJ, Jung JA, Jung K, Yoo H, Cho YB, Kwak WJ, Kim DK, Kim KH, Han CK(PubMed)
(501) Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang(American Dragon)
(502) Duhuo Jisheng Tang for treating osteoarthritis of the knee: a prospective clinical observation by Jung-Nien Lai,1 Huey-Jeng Chen,2 Chao-Chung Chen,3 Jer-Huei Lin,4 Jing-Shiang Hwang,5 and Jung-Der Wang(PMC)
(503) Osteoarthritis and nutrition. From nutraceuticals to functional foods: a systematic review of the scientific evidence by Ameye LG1, Chee WS.(PubMed)
(504) Chinese herbal recipe versus diclofenac in symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN70292892] by Teekachunhatean S1, Kunanusorn P, Rojanasthien N, Sananpanich K, Pojchamarnwiputh S, Lhieochaiphunt S, Pruksakorn S.(PubMed)
(505) Chinese Herbal Formula Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling Dan Protects against Bone Damage in Adjuvant Arthritis by Modulating the Mediators of Bone Remodeling by Siddaraju M. Nanjundaiah,1 David Y.-W. Lee,2 Brian M. Berman,3 and Kamal D. Moudgil(Hindawi Publishing Corporation)
(506) Dose Escalation Study Of Chinese Herbs In Osteoarthritis Of The Knee (TCM-OAK)(Clinical trial. Gov)
(507) Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling (HLXL)-Dan, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a multi-site, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial by Lao L1, Hochberg M2, Lee DY3, Gilpin AM4, Fong HH5, Langenberg P6, Chen K7, Li EK8, Tam LS9, Berman B10.(PubMed)
(508) Anti-hyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the modified Chinese herbal formula Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan (HLXL) in rats by Lao L1, Fan AY, Zhang RX, Zhou A, Ma ZZ, Lee DY, Ren K, Berman B.(PubMed)
(509) Experimental Study on Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Analgesic Effect of Simiao Powder by Jing Yun, Li weilin
(510) Randomized and controlled clinical study of modified prescriptions of Simiao Pill in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis by Shi XD1, Li GC, Qian ZX, Jin ZQ, Song Y.(PubMed)
(511) [Effects and mechanisms of Simiao pill on adjuvant arthritis rats model].[Article in Chinese]by Wang X1, Zhang X, Zhang L, Li Y.(PubMed)
(512) Treatment with SiMiaoFang, an anti-arthritis chinese herbal formula, inhibits cartilage matrix degradation in osteoarthritis rat model by Xu Y1, Liu Q, Liu ZL, Lim L, Chen WH, Lin N.(PubMed)
(513) Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis in TCM Therapy by Chun Yi, Lu O.M.D., LAc.
(514) Anti-hypersensitivity effects of Shu-jing-huo-xue-tang, a Chinese herbal medicine, in CCI-neuropathic rats by Shu H1, Arita H, Hayashida M, Zhang L, An K, Huang W, Hanaoka K.(PubMed)
(515) Study of sokei-kakketu-to (shu-jing-huo-xue-tang) in adjuvant arthritis rats by Kanai S1, Taniguchi N, Higashino H.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Treatment
B. In herbal and traditional Chinese medicine perspective
B.2.2. Herbal and traditional Chinese medicine formulas
1. Phytodolor (STW 1)
Phytodolor, a fixed herbal formulation containing alcoholic extracts of aspen leaves and bark (Populus tremula), common ash bark (Fraxinus excelsior), and golden rod herb (Solidago virgaurea), has been used for treatment in painful inflammatory or degenerative rheumatic diseases(483), probably due to its antiinflammatory, antioedematous, antioxidative and analgesic properties(483).
According to the University Hospital Zurich, in the review of the data base of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), STW1 can be used as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in relieving pain in patient with musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis(484). DR. Gundermann KJ and Dr., Müller J. in the study of painful inflammatory or degenerative rheumatic diseases, said" Phytodolor (STW 1) is a reasonable alternative to NSAIDs and to cyclooxygenase(COX)-2-inhibitors such as rofecoxib"(483) and "STW 1 has a high drug safety"(483) with little side effects(486).
The formula although is found to be effective in some extension in treating pain for patient with MD, some research suggested that most popular CAM therapies for pain from arthritis-related conditions, should be gone through additional high quality research, especially for herbals and homeopathy(485).
2. Reumalex
Reumalex, is a herbal medicine formula containing 100 mg White Willow bark, 40 mg, Guaiacum Resin BHP, 35 mg Black Cohosh, 25 mg Extract of Sarsparilla and 17 mg Extract of Poplar Bark. In a 2 months without cross-over study, in 82 subjects with chronic arthritic pain, Dr. Mills SY and the research team at the University of Exeter showed that Reumalex, the herbal medicine improved the pain symptoms through its mild analgesic effect(487).
3. Gitadyl
Gitadyl is another herbal medicine formula containing 110 mg feverfew, 90 mg American aspen and 60 mg milfoil(488). According to a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study conducted by Hvidovre Hospital, in comparison of the effectiveness of herbal formula Gitadyl and conventional medicine ibuprofen(490) in patients with osteoarthritis, researchers found that Gitadyl can be used for treatment of such as reduced pain(488) and working ability(488) of patient with osteoarthritis who are prone to bleeding or who develop gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms from NSAIDs(489),
4. SKI306X
SKI306X, is a herbal formula containing Clematis mandshurica (CM), Prunella vulgaris (PV), and Trichosanthes kirilowii (TK),
According to the study by the Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, SKI3006X, reduced pain and improve physical performance(498) by inhibited degradation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) through its expression on anti inflammatory(497)(499) and analgesic(499)properties in interleukin (IL)-1β induced gene expression in human OA(497). In a a double-blind placebo controlled study of 96 patients with classical osteoarthritis of the knee, SKI 306X at 100mm demonstrated its clinical efficacy in comparison to placebo, according to the Chung-Ang University(500).
5. Duhuo Jisheng Wan (DJW)
Duhuo Jisheng Wan (DJW)or Duhuo Jisheng Tang (DJT) is a Chinese herbal formula containing over 18 individual herbs(501) has been used for treatment of knee osteoarthritis with limit scientific evidence(502), according to the Nestlé Research Center(503), but in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, controlled trial of a total of 200 patients suffering from OA of the knee, researcher at the Chiang Mai University, showed to improve walking pain, standing pain and stiffness, with approximately 30% of patients in both groups experienced mild adverse events(504).
The Taipei City Hospital study of Duhuo Jisheng Wan(DJW) also supported the effectiveness of the herbal formula in reduced pain, stiffness and improved physical functioning as well as other symptoms of degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee(502).
6. Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling (HLXL) Dan
Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling (HLXL) Dan is a Chinese herbal formula containing Ru Xiang (Boswellia carterii Birdw.), Mo Yao (Commiphora myrrha Engl.), Dang Gui (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels) and Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge), used over thousands of year in Chinese history for treatment in alleviating pain caused rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory disorders(505)(508). On a Phase II clinical trial at Kernan Hospital of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, the herbal formula moderately inhibited hyperanalgesic (severe pain killing)(508) with no side effect in comparison to placebo(506) in patient with osteoarthritis OA. The phase II clinical trials also showed treatment of HLXL-Dan was not superior to placebo in pain relief or functional improvement in patients with knee OA if use only in 8 weeks(507).
7. Si Miao Fang
SI Miao Fang is a herbal formula comprised of Phellodendri Chines Cortex, Atractylodis rhizoma, Coicis Semen, and Achyranthis bidentatae Radix used in traditional Chinese medicine for pain relief, due to inflammation and and analgesics(509) in patient with gouty arthritis(510) and rheumatoid arthritis(511). In osteoarthritic rat model, according to the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, herbal formula inhibited expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -3 and -13 and aggrecanases (ADAMTS) -4 and -5, induced OA causes of cartilage matrix degradation, by increasing proteoglycan and collagen content(512) through its interferes with secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators(512).
8. Other Chinese herbal prescription for treatment of OA, according to Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis in TCM Therapy by Chun Yi, Lu O.M.D., LAc. may also include Shu Jing Huo Xue Tang
Shu Jing Huo Xue Tang can be prescribed for treatment of patient with osteoarthritis caused by blood stagnation and blood stasis induced chronic pain syndromes, through its effect in suppressed neuropathic pain behaviors(514), including adjuvant arthritis(515). According to the article of Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis in TCM Therapy by Chun Yi, Lu O.M.D., LAc(513), the formula can also used for treatment of OA patient due to the effects in induced blood downward movement, strengthened the movement of bone, relived pain, improved joint function and inhibited inflammation causes of swollen of the joint lining and (513).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer recommended by Kyle J. Norton
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(8) The symptoms of OA and the genesis of pain by David J. Hunter, MBBS PhD,1,2 Jason J. McDougall, BSc PhD,3 and Francis J. Keefe4(PubMed)
(483) Phytodolor--effects and efficacy of a herbal medicine by Gundermann KJ1, Müller J.(PubMed)
(484) Phytodolor® in musculoskeletal disorders: re-analysis and meta-analysis by Uehleke B1, Brignoli R, Rostock M, Saller R, Melzer J.(PubMed)
(485) Selected CAM therapies for arthritis-related pain: the evidence from systematic reviews.
Soeken KL1.(PubMed)
(486) EFFECT OF A PROPRIETARY HERBAL MEDICINE ON THE RELIEF OF CHRONIC ARTHRITIC PAIN: A DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY by S. Y. MILLS, R. K. JACOBY*, M. CHACKSFIELD and M. WILLOUGHBY(Rheumatology)
(487) Effect of a proprietary herbal medicine on the relief of chronic arthritic pain: a double-blind study by Mills SY1, Jacoby RK, Chacksfield M, Willoughby M.(PubMed)
(488) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthrosis. The result of a double-blind, randomized cross-over study].[Article in Danish]by Ryttig K1, Schlamowitz PV, Warnøe O, Wilstrup F.(PubMed)
(489) Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study of clinical efficacy and effects on platelets and PMNs by Mieszczak CI1, Kharazmi A, Rein J, Winther K.(PubMed)
(490) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen].[Article in Danish] by [No authors listed](PubMed)
(491) Danshen prevents articular cartilage degeneration via antioxidation in rabbits with osteoarthritis by Bai B1, Li Y2.(PubMed)
(492) Veterinary Herbal Medicine By Susan G. Wynn, Barbara Fougère, page 349.
(493) Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in Medicine: Volume 2. Pharmacology ..., Volume 2 edited by Xijun Yan
(494) [Comparative analysis on composition principles of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis].[Article in Chinese] by Zheng ZR, Tang SH.(PubMed)
(495) Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use Among Adults and Children: United States, 2007 by Patricia M. Barnes, M.A., and Barbara Bloom, M.P.A., Division of Health Interview Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics; and Richard L. Nahin, Ph.D., M.P.H., National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health
(496) Chinese Herbal Bath Therapy for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Chen B1, Zhan H1, Chung M2, Lin X1, Zhang M1, Pang J1, Wang C3.(PubMed)
(497) Assessment of comparative pain relief and tolerability of SKI306X compared with celecoxib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a 6-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, phase III, noninferiority clinical trial by Song YW1, Lee EY, Koh EM, Cha HS, Yoo B, Lee CK, Baek HJ, Kim HA, Suh YI, Kang SW, Lee YJ, Jung HG.(PubMed)
(498) SKI306X inhibition of glycosaminoglycan degradation in human cartilage involves down-regulation of cytokine-induced catabolic genes by Choi CH1, Kim TH2, Sung YK2, Choi CB2, Na YI3, Yoo H4, Jun JB2.(PubMed)
(499) Effects of SKI306X on arachidonate metabolism and other inflammatory mediators by Kim JH1, Ryu KH, Jung KW, Han CK, Kwak WJ, Cho YB.(PubMed)
(500) Effect of SKI 306X, a new herbal anti-arthritic agent, in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a double-blind placebo controlled study by Jung YB1, Roh KJ, Jung JA, Jung K, Yoo H, Cho YB, Kwak WJ, Kim DK, Kim KH, Han CK(PubMed)
(501) Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang(American Dragon)
(502) Duhuo Jisheng Tang for treating osteoarthritis of the knee: a prospective clinical observation by Jung-Nien Lai,1 Huey-Jeng Chen,2 Chao-Chung Chen,3 Jer-Huei Lin,4 Jing-Shiang Hwang,5 and Jung-Der Wang(PMC)
(503) Osteoarthritis and nutrition. From nutraceuticals to functional foods: a systematic review of the scientific evidence by Ameye LG1, Chee WS.(PubMed)
(504) Chinese herbal recipe versus diclofenac in symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN70292892] by Teekachunhatean S1, Kunanusorn P, Rojanasthien N, Sananpanich K, Pojchamarnwiputh S, Lhieochaiphunt S, Pruksakorn S.(PubMed)
(505) Chinese Herbal Formula Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling Dan Protects against Bone Damage in Adjuvant Arthritis by Modulating the Mediators of Bone Remodeling by Siddaraju M. Nanjundaiah,1 David Y.-W. Lee,2 Brian M. Berman,3 and Kamal D. Moudgil(Hindawi Publishing Corporation)
(506) Dose Escalation Study Of Chinese Herbs In Osteoarthritis Of The Knee (TCM-OAK)(Clinical trial. Gov)
(507) Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling (HLXL)-Dan, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a multi-site, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial by Lao L1, Hochberg M2, Lee DY3, Gilpin AM4, Fong HH5, Langenberg P6, Chen K7, Li EK8, Tam LS9, Berman B10.(PubMed)
(508) Anti-hyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the modified Chinese herbal formula Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan (HLXL) in rats by Lao L1, Fan AY, Zhang RX, Zhou A, Ma ZZ, Lee DY, Ren K, Berman B.(PubMed)
(509) Experimental Study on Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Analgesic Effect of Simiao Powder by Jing Yun, Li weilin
(510) Randomized and controlled clinical study of modified prescriptions of Simiao Pill in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis by Shi XD1, Li GC, Qian ZX, Jin ZQ, Song Y.(PubMed)
(511) [Effects and mechanisms of Simiao pill on adjuvant arthritis rats model].[Article in Chinese]by Wang X1, Zhang X, Zhang L, Li Y.(PubMed)
(512) Treatment with SiMiaoFang, an anti-arthritis chinese herbal formula, inhibits cartilage matrix degradation in osteoarthritis rat model by Xu Y1, Liu Q, Liu ZL, Lim L, Chen WH, Lin N.(PubMed)
(513) Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis in TCM Therapy by Chun Yi, Lu O.M.D., LAc.
(514) Anti-hypersensitivity effects of Shu-jing-huo-xue-tang, a Chinese herbal medicine, in CCI-neuropathic rats by Shu H1, Arita H, Hayashida M, Zhang L, An K, Huang W, Hanaoka K.(PubMed)
(515) Study of sokei-kakketu-to (shu-jing-huo-xue-tang) in adjuvant arthritis rats by Kanai S1, Taniguchi N, Higashino H.(PubMed)
The Delicious Smoothie of Green Tea, Pomegranates and Blueberry for Reduced Risk and Treatment of Genital herpes
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
The smoothie for reduced risk and treatment of Genital herpes
Yield: 2 serving (about 8 ounce each)
1/2 cup cooked fennel
1 large slice of ginger
1/4 cup of celery
1 1/2 cups of almond milk
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately
The finding of a natural source for reduced risk and treatment of genital herpes has encountered many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially the promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in either large sample size and mutli centers human trials.
Recent study from some well known institutions suggested that combination of green tea(1) and fennel(4) and celery(8) may hold a key for a natural ingredients for reduced painful symptoms and treatment of genital herpes.
Genital herpes is defined as an sexual transmitted infectious disease caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). People with multiple partners are at higher risk to develop the disease with no symptoms or symptoms of sores or lesions on the penis or outside the vagina, etc.
Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Due to its commercial values and health effects, green tea now has been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate. According to the joint study lead by the Seton Hall University, green tea theaflavin polyphenols, inhibited >99% of the production of HSV-1 viral particles by protecing the cell before being infected by the virus(1).
Pomegranates is a fruit-bearing small tree, genus Punica, belonging to family Lythraceae, native to Iran, cultivated in Asian since ancient time. Its ellagitannins, a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins inhibited against ACV-resistant HSV-1 and 2, without showing toxicity(4).
All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
The smoothie for reduced risk and treatment of Genital herpes
Yield: 2 serving (about 8 ounce each)
1/2 cup cooked fennel
1 large slice of ginger
1/4 cup of celery
1 1/2 cups of almond milk
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately
The finding of a natural source for reduced risk and treatment of genital herpes has encountered many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially the promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in either large sample size and mutli centers human trials.
Recent study from some well known institutions suggested that combination of green tea(1) and fennel(4) and celery(8) may hold a key for a natural ingredients for reduced painful symptoms and treatment of genital herpes.
Genital herpes is defined as an sexual transmitted infectious disease caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). People with multiple partners are at higher risk to develop the disease with no symptoms or symptoms of sores or lesions on the penis or outside the vagina, etc.
Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Due to its commercial values and health effects, green tea now has been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate. According to the joint study lead by the Seton Hall University, green tea theaflavin polyphenols, inhibited >99% of the production of HSV-1 viral particles by protecing the cell before being infected by the virus(1).
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), another green tea phytochemical, reduced the number of plaques in HIV-infected cultured cells and its modified EGCG, palmitoyl-EGCG, exhibited strong blocking of the production of infectious HSV-1 particle(2).
Dr. Isaacs CE and colleagues at the Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, epigallocatechin gallate EGCG stabilized the pH range found in the vagina and exhibited a strongly promising potential for use in a microbicide to reduce HSV transmission(3).Pomegranates is a fruit-bearing small tree, genus Punica, belonging to family Lythraceae, native to Iran, cultivated in Asian since ancient time. Its ellagitannins, a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins inhibited against ACV-resistant HSV-1 and 2, without showing toxicity(4).
In 3- dimensional analysis, combination of ellagitannins with acyclovir expressed markedly synergistic effects against HSV-1 and 2(5).
Other hydrolyzable tannins including chebulagic acid (CHLA) and punicalagin (PUG) showed inhibited effects against HSV as a competitors for glycosaminoglycans in the management and treament of HSV-1 infections(6).
Resveratrol is a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in grape and blueberry. According to the Creighton University,natural polyphenols, esveratrol may process the potential to prevent sexually transmitted infections caused by HSV (herpes simplex virus)7).
According to Dr. Faith SA and colleagues, resveratrol inhibited herpes simplex virus (HSV) by significantly blocking HSV DNA synthesis, suppressing HSV induced activation of NF-kappaB, the pro inflammatory signaling pathway and impairing expression of HSV genes and synthesis of viral DNA(8),
The Smoothie of Green Tea, Pomegranates and Blueberry may hold a key for further studies in production of a curable natural remedy for prevention and treatment of Genital herpes HSV.
.
People who are at increased risk of Genital herpes HSV due to family history, weaken immunity,....should drink at least one cup or more daily. People with Genital herpes HSV may drink as much as they can, depending to the digestive toleration.
Other hydrolyzable tannins including chebulagic acid (CHLA) and punicalagin (PUG) showed inhibited effects against HSV as a competitors for glycosaminoglycans in the management and treament of HSV-1 infections(6).
Resveratrol is a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in grape and blueberry. According to the Creighton University,natural polyphenols, esveratrol may process the potential to prevent sexually transmitted infections caused by HSV (herpes simplex virus)7).
According to Dr. Faith SA and colleagues, resveratrol inhibited herpes simplex virus (HSV) by significantly blocking HSV DNA synthesis, suppressing HSV induced activation of NF-kappaB, the pro inflammatory signaling pathway and impairing expression of HSV genes and synthesis of viral DNA(8),
The Smoothie of Green Tea, Pomegranates and Blueberry may hold a key for further studies in production of a curable natural remedy for prevention and treatment of Genital herpes HSV.
.
People who are at increased risk of Genital herpes HSV due to family history, weaken immunity,....should drink at least one cup or more daily. People with Genital herpes HSV may drink as much as they can, depending to the digestive toleration.
All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Antiviral activity of theaflavin digallate against herpes simplex virus type 1 by de Oliveira A1, Prince D1, Lo CY2, Lee LH3, Chu TC4.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 with the modified green tea polyphenol palmitoyl-epigallocatechin gallate by de Oliveira A1, Adams SD, Lee LH, Murray SR, Hsu SD, Hammond JR, Dickinson D, Chen P, Chu TC.(PubMed)
(3) Epigallocatechin gallate inactivates clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus by Isaacs CE1, Wen GY, Xu W, Jia JH, Rohan L, Corbo C, Di Maggio V, Jenkins EC Jr, Hillier S.(PubMed)
(4) Ellagitannins as synergists of ACV on the replication of ACV-resistant strains of HSV 1 and 2. by Vilhelmova-Ilieva N1, Jacquet R2, Quideau S2, Galabov AS3.(PubMed)
(5) Three-dimensional analysis of combination effect of ellagitannins and acyclovir on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by Vilhelmova N1, Jacquet R, Quideau S, Stoyanova A, Galabov AS.(PubMed)
(6) Hydrolyzable tannins (chebulagic acid and punicalagin) target viral glycoprotein-glycosaminoglycan interactions to inhibit herpes simplex virus 1 entry and cell-to-cell spread by Lin LT1, Chen TY, Chung CY, Noyce RS, Grindley TB, McCormick C, Lin TC, Wang GH, Lin CC, Richardson CD.(PubMed)
(7) Natural polyphenols: potential in the prevention of sexually transmitted viral infections by Date AA1, Destache CJ2.(PubMed)
(8) Resveratrol suppresses nuclear factor-kappaB in herpes simplex virus infected cells by Faith SA1, Sweet TJ, Bailey E, Booth T, Docherty JJ.(PubMed)
(4) Ellagitannins as synergists of ACV on the replication of ACV-resistant strains of HSV 1 and 2. by Vilhelmova-Ilieva N1, Jacquet R2, Quideau S2, Galabov AS3.(PubMed)
(5) Three-dimensional analysis of combination effect of ellagitannins and acyclovir on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by Vilhelmova N1, Jacquet R, Quideau S, Stoyanova A, Galabov AS.(PubMed)
(6) Hydrolyzable tannins (chebulagic acid and punicalagin) target viral glycoprotein-glycosaminoglycan interactions to inhibit herpes simplex virus 1 entry and cell-to-cell spread by Lin LT1, Chen TY, Chung CY, Noyce RS, Grindley TB, McCormick C, Lin TC, Wang GH, Lin CC, Richardson CD.(PubMed)
(7) Natural polyphenols: potential in the prevention of sexually transmitted viral infections by Date AA1, Destache CJ2.(PubMed)
(8) Resveratrol suppresses nuclear factor-kappaB in herpes simplex virus infected cells by Faith SA1, Sweet TJ, Bailey E, Booth T, Docherty JJ.(PubMed)
Most Common Diseases of 50plus: Pulmonary vascular disease(Respiratory disease): Pulmonary edema- The Causes
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Respiratory Disease
Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing, etc,.
Pulmonary vascular disease: Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary vascular disease is defined as a condition of blood flow to the lung’s artery is blocked suddenly due to a blood clot somewhere in the body, including pulmonary embolism, chronic thromboembolic disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary edema, etc.
2. Intracardiac thrombosis
Right intracardiac thrombosis (IT) is a potential cause of pulmonary embolism (PE), according to the study of data Between 1970 and 1982, 23 796 autopsies, representing 84% of all in-hospital deaths in the Malmö city population, were performed, using a standardized procedure by the Uppsala University Hospital(11).
3. Obesity
The number of overweight and obese individuals in the population has increased dramatically in the past few decades, and the rising prevalence of obesity is a major public health concern. The prevalence of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients was higher in obese patients than in non-obese patients. Mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism was lower in obese patients than in non-obese patients, with the greatest effects in women, older patients and stable patients(12).
4. Burns
It has been estimated that 26% of Americans are obese. A very small subset of this group can be categorized as morbidly obese, fulfilling the criteria of being 100 pounds, or 100%, over ideal body weight. The clinical records of seven morbidly obese burn patients treated over a 20-year period are reviewed. Particularly notable was a 43% incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism(13).
5. Cancers
Patients with cancer are as increased risk of pulmonary embolism. According to the systematically reviewed Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases and selected 26 studies, by Stony Brook University Medical Center, including 2 randomized controlled trials, and 4 prospective, 18 retrospective cohort, and 2 case-control studies. Overall incidence of PE was 3.6%. Pulmonary embolism abbreviated survival in 2 studies when the diagnosis was synchronous with lung cancer. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, treatment, and surveillance are inconsistently reported. Clinical outcome data pertaining to this topic are limited and of overall poor methodologic quality(14).
6. Trauma
Trauma is a leading causes of death and disability in young people. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a principal cause of death. Trauma patients are at high risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)(15).
7. Heart attack and Heart surgery
Patients with current or previous heat attacked and surgery are associated to the higher risk of pulmonary embolism.
8. Device implanted
There is a report of a case of a 32-year-old woman with a septic pulmonary embolism-related implanted central venous port(16).
9. Childbirth
There is a report of identified 10 specific recurrent errors that account for a disproportionate share of maternal deaths, primarily related to pulmonary embolism, severe preeclampsia, cardiac disease, and postpartum hemorrhage(17).
10. Other risk factors
Body mass index (BMI), estrogen use, family history of PE, (inactive) malignancy, thrombophilia, trauma within 4 weeks, travel, and prior VTE (under treatment) are other risk factors of pulmonary embolism, according to the total of 4,346 patients had D-dimer testing, of whom 2,930 (67%) were women. A total of 2,500 (57%) were white, 1,474 (34%) were black or African American, 238 (6%) were Hispanic, and 144 (3%) were of other race or ethnicity(18).
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11021260
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15695529
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22078437
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1474621
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22626760
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23543562
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23507605
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22270288
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20624138
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Respiratory Disease
Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing, etc,.
Pulmonary vascular disease: Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary vascular disease is defined as a condition of blood flow to the lung’s artery is blocked suddenly due to a blood clot somewhere in the body, including pulmonary embolism, chronic thromboembolic disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary edema, etc.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is defined as a condition of blockage of blood flow due to a blood clot of either in main artery of the lung or somewhere else in the body. In most cases, it is in the deep veins of the legs or pelvic. The disease is a common and affect as many as 500,000 persons annually in the United States.
The Risk Factors
1. Pregnancy
Pregnancy is an important risk factor for venous thrombosis, and venous thromboembolism is a leading cause of preventable death in pregnancy. According to the study by the University of Minnesota Residency Program, physicians should maintain an appropriately high index of suspicion and request diagnostic imaging in a timely manner. Diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis with Doppler ultrasonography of the lower extremity poses no health risk to the fetus, but other radiographic studies pose a low radiation risk to the fetus. Because anticoagulant therapy poses a greater health risk to mother and fetus than does the radiation required for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, clinicians should aggressively pursue objective evidence of venous thromboembolism(10)2. Intracardiac thrombosis
Right intracardiac thrombosis (IT) is a potential cause of pulmonary embolism (PE), according to the study of data Between 1970 and 1982, 23 796 autopsies, representing 84% of all in-hospital deaths in the Malmö city population, were performed, using a standardized procedure by the Uppsala University Hospital(11).
3. Obesity
The number of overweight and obese individuals in the population has increased dramatically in the past few decades, and the rising prevalence of obesity is a major public health concern. The prevalence of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients was higher in obese patients than in non-obese patients. Mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism was lower in obese patients than in non-obese patients, with the greatest effects in women, older patients and stable patients(12).
4. Burns
It has been estimated that 26% of Americans are obese. A very small subset of this group can be categorized as morbidly obese, fulfilling the criteria of being 100 pounds, or 100%, over ideal body weight. The clinical records of seven morbidly obese burn patients treated over a 20-year period are reviewed. Particularly notable was a 43% incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism(13).
5. Cancers
Patients with cancer are as increased risk of pulmonary embolism. According to the systematically reviewed Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases and selected 26 studies, by Stony Brook University Medical Center, including 2 randomized controlled trials, and 4 prospective, 18 retrospective cohort, and 2 case-control studies. Overall incidence of PE was 3.6%. Pulmonary embolism abbreviated survival in 2 studies when the diagnosis was synchronous with lung cancer. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, treatment, and surveillance are inconsistently reported. Clinical outcome data pertaining to this topic are limited and of overall poor methodologic quality(14).
6. Trauma
Trauma is a leading causes of death and disability in young people. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a principal cause of death. Trauma patients are at high risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)(15).
7. Heart attack and Heart surgery
Patients with current or previous heat attacked and surgery are associated to the higher risk of pulmonary embolism.
8. Device implanted
There is a report of a case of a 32-year-old woman with a septic pulmonary embolism-related implanted central venous port(16).
9. Childbirth
There is a report of identified 10 specific recurrent errors that account for a disproportionate share of maternal deaths, primarily related to pulmonary embolism, severe preeclampsia, cardiac disease, and postpartum hemorrhage(17).
10. Other risk factors
Body mass index (BMI), estrogen use, family history of PE, (inactive) malignancy, thrombophilia, trauma within 4 weeks, travel, and prior VTE (under treatment) are other risk factors of pulmonary embolism, according to the total of 4,346 patients had D-dimer testing, of whom 2,930 (67%) were women. A total of 2,500 (57%) were white, 1,474 (34%) were black or African American, 238 (6%) were Hispanic, and 144 (3%) were of other race or ethnicity(18).
All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Sources(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11021260
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15695529
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22078437
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1474621
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22626760
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23543562
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23507605
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22270288
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20624138
Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: Treatment In herbal and traditional Chinese medicine - The Individual herb
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Treatment
B. In herbal and traditional Chinese medicine perspective
B.2. Herbal and Traditional Chinese medicine
Many herbal medicine have been found effectively for reduction of symptoms and treatment for patient with osteoarthritis(430), including
B.2.1. Individual herb
1. GingerGinger has been used internally and externally for over a thousand years in China to manage all types of arthritis symptoms, through its effective in compress therapy(431). According to Dr. Therkleson T., in the study of 20 adults with moderate to severe osteoarthritis(414). On a self-report arthritis Health Assessment Questionnaire, topical ginger showed to relief osteoarthritic symptoms, in both body physiological recordings and pain scale(415).The Edith Cowan University, in the study of a self-treatment using the ginger patch for a further 24 week, showed that ginger treatment relieve symptoms, improve the overall health, and increase independence of people with chronic osteoarthritis(416).
Ginger extract, according to Frederiksberg Hospital, in adouble blind study conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice (European Guideline for GCP), exhibited a statistically significant effect on reducing symptoms of OA of the knee(432).
2. Willow bark
A herbal medicine used over thousands of years for treatment as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic advocate in many culture(433). Its extract, according to studies may be a potential medicine for treatment of patient with painful osteoarthritis(434)(436) or used conjunction with NSAIDs and opioids(434).
In the trail of total of 78 patients (39 willow bark extract, 39 placebo),. researcher sat the Universität Tübingen showed that Willow bark extract reduces pain, stiffness and improvesphysical function
after 2 weeks of treatment for patient with OA, through its moderate analgesic effect with tolerate side effects(437).
Unfortunately, the study by the Eberhard Karls-Universität, in the 127 outpatients with hip or knee OA 2 randomized, controlled, double-blind trials with followup for 6 weeks, showed insufficient different of the herbal extract in comparison to the placebo(435).
3. Stinging nettle
Stinging nettle also known as Urtica dioica, a herbal medicine with long history for the effectiveness in treating of getting rid of water in the body and relieve pain, showed to relive pain and reduce risk of progression of the disease patients with osteoarthritis(438)(439). Application of stinging nettle daily for one week to the painful area in patient with OA, effectively relieves more pain in comparison to placebo(442)
In a randomized double-blind parallel-groups clinical trial, conduced by the University of Bordeaux, Phytalgic (fish-oil, vitamin E, Urtica dioica) improve not only the symptoms of patient with osteoarthritis. but also reduced the need for analgesics and NSAIDs(440).
Dr. Christensen R, and Dr. Bliddal H. said " Phytalgic... tested in a placebo-controlled trial for 3 months and according to the authors has a very large clinical effect, considerably larger than that of any other known product. Even experts endorsing nutraceuticals for OA symptoms.."(441).
4. Devil’s claw
Devil’s claw is also one most common used in alternative medicine for treatment of patient suffering from osteoarthritis(443), probably through anti inflammatory activity(446) in inhibition of different proinflammatory mediators(447)(448).
In the review of the data of literature on Devil's Claw and OA from 1966 to 2006, research at the University of Southampton indicated that Devil's Claw exhibits effectively the reduction of the main clinical symptom of pain in OA patient but suggestion of it safety in use is necessary(444).
Dr. Chrubasik S said that preparations of devil's claw extract, should be taken account of the presence of the quantity of harpagoside of which has proven importantly in relived painful lower back or arthrotic pain as an attractive alternative to synthetic analgesics(445).
5. Hot Chilli (Capsaicin)
Topical capsaicin is considered as alternative therapy in patient with osteoarthritis, without any severe adverse effects, according to Dr Rains C, and Bryson HM(449).
Topical Capsaicin cream used for treatment of soft tissue with a pharmaceutical name of Finalgon®(420), may be effective for treatment of osteoarthritis in dependent to its concentration.
In a randomized, single-blind, 28-day study conducted by Research Testing Laboratories, capsaicin cream (0.25%) applied twice daily, showed to relieve severity of osteoartghritic pain with side effect of burning sensation(419).
Civamide cream produced by Winston Pharmaceuticals, approved by FDA, civamide cream is a cis-isomer of capsaicin topical medication used for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee and other neuropathic pain(417). In the study by Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, in patients with OA of the knee, civamide cream 0.075% or a lower dose of civamide cream, 0.01% effectively in relieve pain and improve physical functions(418).
5. Green Tea
Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years.
In mouse model, epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol present in green tea, exhibited reduced OA palliative effect and progression, through less Safranin O loss and cartilage erosion(450) by attenuating the inflammation induced by calcium pyrophosphate crystals(452)(453).
Sunphenon, a green tea extract has shown to enhance bone mineralization, relieves osteoarthritis, and aids digestion, through its antioxidant effects(451).According to the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, epigallocatechin gallate and green tea extract, suppressed the condition caused in part by injury, loss of cartilage structure and function, through their effects in balanced inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways(454), probably caused by IL-1β, a major cytokine driving the inflammatory processes(455)(456).
6. Turmeric
Turmeric, a cooking spice used in many culture in South East Asian, especially in India, also has been used as herbal medicine over thousands of year as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.(457). Curcumin (Cur) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), extracted from Curcuma longa slow osteoarthritis progression against bone turn over through the stimulation of interleukin (IL)-1β , downregulate the expression of inflammatory markers on osteoblasts(459).
The joint study St. Louis University School of Medicine and University of Nebraska Medical Center in review of research at the laboratory, translational and clinical levels data found that most the studies and trails supports the use of curcumin for various musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis,..(458). In the antioxidant perspective, curcuminoids relieve osteoarthritis symptoms. through reduction of systemic oxidative stress(460) in patients with knee osteoarthritis(460).The Belgium study of 820 patients treated with a new Curcuma extract (Flexofytol®, 4-6 capsules per day), suggested that the extract improves patient pain, articular mobility, and quality of life. Within the first 6 weeks, more than half of participants were able to discontinue analgaesic and anti-inflammatory drugs with tolerate adverse effects(461)
7. Cat's claw
Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa), the very commonherbal medicine, has been used in traditional medicine over two thousand years as a tonic, contraceptive, anti-inflammatory and infectious agent, and to treat diarrhea, rheumatic disorders, acne, diabetes, cancer and diseases of the urinary tract, etc.(462). The The natural mineral supplement, sierrasil combined with a cat's claw extract, may be protential treatment to improved joint health, according to a a randomized controlled trial (466). Recently, according to the study by Case Western Reserve University, herbal and amino acid mixture containing extract of the Uncaria tomentosa, may be potentially useful as a new adjunct therapeutic/preventive agent for OA or injury recovery effectively, due to its anti inflammatory(464) and chondroprotective activities, in up-regulation of ACAN and COL2A1 expression in IL-1β-stimulated and inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kB in human OA chondrocytes(463) as well as reducing of pro-inflammatory mediators and effectors(464).
The Facultad de Medicina, in the comparison of the species U guianensis and U tomentosa, found that both herbal medicine are effective in treatment of Osteoarthritis, probably through its anti-inflammatory properties in inhibited TNFalpha and PGE2 production(465).
8. Bromelain
Bromelain, a group of protein digesting enzymes found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.(467). The herbal medicine may be used as valuable and safe alternative to NSAIDs in patients suffering acute and chronic OA pain from degenerative joint diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects(468).According to the Rehabilitation Centre for Cardiovascular and Rheumatic Diseases, oral enzyme therapy (Phlogenzym-(PE)), has found effectively in treatment for patient with osteoarthritis with high levels of pain due to signs of inflammation(469). Other oral enzyme-rutosid combination (ERC) containing rutosid and the enzymes bromelain and trypsin, showed to consist the same effectiveness as NSAIDs in the treatment of painful episodes of OA of the knee(471).
Dr. Brien S and the research team in the study of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in patient with osteoarthritis said that more studies and trials are necessary to trials to establish the efficacy and optimum dosage for bromelain as a safer alternative or adjunctive treatment for osteoarthritis(470).
10. Boswellia serrata
Boswellia serrata used as incense in religious and cultural ceremonies and in medicine over thousands of year may be the potential source for treatment of osteoarthritis due to its anti inflammatory(472), anti-arthritic and analgesic activity activity(473) in decreased knee pain, increased knee flexion and increased walking distance(473).
FlexiQule, the commercial Boswellia extract, improved pain, stiffness, physical, social/emotional functions and walking distance at 4 weeks of treatment with patient of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA)(474), the Circulation Sciences and the International Irvine Network suggested.
DR. Kizhakkedath said that formula containing Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata extracts (CB formulation) at 500 mg administered twice a day in a directly compared with the selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib at 100 mg twice a day, induced more successful symptom scoring and clinical examination(475).The study of Indira Gandhi Medical College also supported of Boswellia extract effectiveness by decreasing in knee pain, increasing knee flexion and walking distance of in the study of 30 patient with osteoarthritis of knee(476).
11. Gingko
Gingko is also known as Ginkgo biloba, one of the oldest herbal medicine in human medical history, used in traditional herbal medicine in treating impotence, memory loss,respiratory diseases, circulatory disorders,,...(477).
Gingko extract, with anti inflammatory(478) and immune modulatory(479) activities may be a potential herbal medicine for treatment of osteoarthritis by inhibiting the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-stimulated human chondrocytes degeneration and MMP(matrix metalloproteinases)-1, MMP-3, and 13.causes of cartilage degradation(481)(482) found in patient of osteoarthritis(480) of which make the extract the candidate as a potential therapeutic agent, according to the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research(480).
In Osteoarthritis (OA) rat model, the extract EGb761, a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves also expressed its anti inflammatory effect on human articular chondrocytes of which inhibited cartilage degradation(482).
12. Dan Shen
Dan Shen with the pharmaceutical name of Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae, is a bitter and slightly cold herb, used mainly in traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying blood(494), such as getting rid of clot blood, invigorate blood, breakup blood stasis,... through its effects on liver and heart meridians.
In the animal model study of rabbits, with severe articular cartilage degeneration and lower proteoglycan (PG), the herbal medicine Dan Shen showed effectively in against oxidative stress causes ofarticular cartilage degeneration in patient with Osteoarthritis OA(491).
According to Veterinary Herbal Medicine By Susan G. Wynn, Barbara Fougère, page 349. Dan Shen induced formation of dense callus and increased activity of osteoblasts of which enhanced the improvement of bone heeling(492). Certain studies found in Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in Medicine: Volume 2. Pharmacology ..., Volume 2 edited by Xijun Yan also supported the use of Dan Shen injection for treatment of osteoarthritis because of its anti inflammatory effect(493).
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References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(8) The symptoms of OA and the genesis of pain by David J. Hunter, MBBS PhD,1,2 Jason J. McDougall, BSc PhD,3 and Francis J. Keefe4(PubMed)
(430) Herbal medicines for the treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review by L. Long, K. Soeken 1 and E. Ernst(Rheumatology)
(431) Ginger compress therapy for adults with osteoarthritis by Therkleson T1.(PubMed)
(432) Effects of a ginger extract on knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis by Altman RD1, Marcussen KC.(PubMed)
(433) Efficacy and Safety of White Willow Bark (Salix alba) Extracts by Shara M1, Stohs SJ2.(PubMed)
(434) Willow bark extract STW 33-I in the long-term treatment of outpatients with rheumatic pain mainly osteoarthritisor back pain by Uehleke B1, Müller J, Stange R, Kelber O, Melzer J.(PubMed)
(435) Efficacy and safety of willow bark extract in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: results of 2 randomized double-blind controlled trials by Biegert C1, Wagner I, Lüdtke R, Kötter I, Lohmüller C, Günaydin I, Taxis K, Heide L.(PubMed)
(436) Willow bark extract, a useful alternative for the treatment of osteoarthritis: comment on the editorial by Marcus and Suarez-Almazor by Chrubasik S, Pollak S, Black A.(PubMed)
(437) Efficacy and tolerability of a standardized willow bark extract in patients with osteoarthritis: randomized placebo-controlled, double blind clinical trial by Schmid B1, Lüdtke R, Selbmann HK, Kötter I, Tschirdewahn B, Schaffner W, Heide L.(PubMed)
(438) STINGING NETTLE CREAM FOR OSTFOARTHRITIS by Keith Rayburn, MD; Eric Fleischbein, PharmD; Jessica Song, PharmD; Blaine Allen, RN; Mary Kundert, PharmD; Charles Leiter, PharmD; Thomas Bush, MD(Research letter)
(439) Stinging nettle cream for osteoarthritis by Rayburn K1, Fleischbein E, Song J, Allen B, Kundert M, Leiter C, Bush T.(PubMed)
(440) Phytalgic, a food supplement, vs placebo in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial by Jacquet A1, Girodet PO, Pariente A, Forest K, Mallet L, Moore N.(PubMed)
(441) Is Phytalgic(R) a goldmine for osteoarthritis patients or is there something fishy about this nutraceutical? A summary of findings and risk-of-bias assessment by Christensen R, Bliddal H.(PubMed)
(442) Randomized controlled trial of nettle sting for treatment of base-of-thumb pain by Randall C1, Randall H, Dobbs F, Hutton C, Sanders H.(PubMed)
(443) The use of glucosamine, devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens), and acupuncture as complementary and alternative treatments for osteoarthritis by Sanders M1, Grundmann O.(PubMed)
(444) Devil's Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) as a treatment for osteoarthritis: a review of efficacy and safety by Brien S1, Lewith GT, McGregor G.(PubMed)
(445) [Devil's claw extract as an example of the effectiveness of herbal analgesics].[Article in German] by Chrubasik S1.(PubMed)
(446) A complex of three natural anti-inflammatory agents provides relief of osteoarthritis pain by Conrozier T, Mathieu P, Bonjean M, Marc JF, Renevier JL, Balblanc JC.(PubMed)
(447) Alteration of anti-inflammatory activity of Harpagophytum procumbens (devil's claw) extract after external metabolic activation with S9 mix by Hostanska K1, Melzer J, Rostock M, Suter A, Saller R.(PubMed)
(448) A review of the efficacy and safety of devil's claw for pain associated with degenerative musculoskeletal diseases, rheumatoid, and osteoarthritis by Denner SS1.(PubMed)
(449) Topical capsaicin. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential in post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy and osteoarthritis by Rains C1, Bryson HM.(PubMed)
(450) Green tea polyphenol treatment is chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory and palliative in a mouse post-traumaticosteoarthritis model by Leong DJ, Choudhury M, Hanstein R, Hirsh DM, Kim SJ, Majeska RJ, Schaffler MB, Hardin JA, Spray DC, Goldring MB, Cobelli NJ, Sun HB.(PubMed)
(451) Antioxidant and pro-apoptotic effects of marine-derived, multi-mineral aquamin supplemented with a pine bark extract, Enzogenol, and a green tea extract, Sunphenon. by O'Callaghan YC1, Drummond E, O'Gorman DM, O'Brien NM.(PubMed)
(452) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces inflammation induced by calcium pyrophosphate crystals in vitro by Oliviero F1, Sfriso P, Scanu A, Fiocco U, Spinella P, Punzi L.(PubMed)
(453) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate selectively inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced activation of mitogen activated protein kinase subgroup c-Jun N-terminal kinase in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes. by Singh R1, Ahmed S, Malemud CJ, Goldberg VM, Haqqi TM.(PubMed)
(454) Dietary polyphenols and mechanisms of osteoarthritis by Shen CL1, Smith BJ, Lo DF, Chyu MC, Dunn DM, Chen CH, Kwun IS.(PubMed)
(455) Green tea: a new option for the prevention or control of osteoarthritis by Katiyar SK, Raman C.(PubMed)
(456) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate selectively inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced activation of mitogen activated protein kinase subgroup c-Jun N-terminal kinase in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes by Singh R1, Ahmed S, Malemud CJ, Goldberg VM, Haqqi TM.(PubMed)
(457) Popular #Herbs - Turmeric (Curcuma longa) by Kyle J. Norton
(458) Role of Curcumin in Common Musculoskeletal Disorders: a Review of Current Laboratory, Translational, and Clinical Data by Peddada KV1, Peddada KV2, Shukla SK3, Mishra A3, Verma V4.(PubMed)
(459) Evaluation of the protective effects of curcuminoid (curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin)-loaded liposomes against bone turnover in a cell-based model of osteoarthritis by Yeh CC1, Su YH2, Lin YJ2, Chen PJ2, Shi CS3, Chen CN2, Chang HI2.(PubMed)
(460) Mitigation of Systemic Oxidative Stress by Curcuminoids in Osteoarthritis: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial by Panahi Y1, Alishiri GH, Parvin S, Sahebkar A.(PubMed)
(461) A new curcuma extract (flexofytol®) in osteoarthritis: results from a belgian real-life experience by Appelboom T1, Maes N2, Albert A3.(PubMed)
(462) Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) by Kyle J. Norton
(463) Effect of a Herbal-Leucine mix on the IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation and inflammatory gene expression in human chondrocytes by Akhtar N1, Miller MJ, Haqqi TM.(PubMed)
(464) Cat's claw: an Amazonian vine decreases inflammation in osteoarthritis by Hardin SR1.(PubMed)
(465) Efficacy and safety of freeze-dried cat's claw in osteoarthritis of the knee: mechanisms of action of the species Uncaria guianensis by Piscoya J1, Rodriguez Z, Bustamante SA, Okuhama NN, Miller MJ, Sandoval M.(PubMed)
(466) Early relief of osteoarthritis symptoms with a natural mineral supplement and a herbomineral combination: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN38432711] by Miller MJ1, Mehta K, Kunte S, Raut V, Gala J, Dhumale R, Shukla A, Tupalli H, Parikh H, Bobrowski P, Chaudhary J.(PubMed)
(467) Popular #Herbs - Bromelain by Kyle J. Norton
(468) A complex of three natural anti-inflammatory agents provides relief of osteoarthritis pain by Conrozier T, Mathieu P, Bonjean M, Marc JF, Renevier JL, Balblanc JC.(PubMed)
(469) Efficacy and tolerance of an oral enzyme combination in painful osteoarthritis of the hip. A double-blind, randomised study comparing oral enzymes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by Klein G1, Kullich W, Schnitker J, Schwann H.(PubMed)
(470) Bromelain as a Treatment for Osteoarthritis: a Review of Clinical Studies by Brien S, Lewith G, Walker A, Hicks SM, Middleton D.(PubMed)
(471) Oral enzyme combination versus diclofenac in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee--a double-blind prospective randomized study by Akhtar NM1, Naseer R, Farooqi AZ, Aziz W, Nazir M.(PubMed)
(472) Boswellia Serrata, A Potential Antiinflammatory Agent: An Overview by M. Z. Siddiqui(PMC)
(473) Efficacy and tolerability of Boswellia serrata extract in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee--a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial by Kimmatkar N1, Thawani V, Hingorani L, Khiyani R.(PubMed)
(474) FlexiQule (Boswellia extract) in the supplementary management of osteoarthritis: a supplement registry by Belcaro G1, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Ledda A, Pellegrini L, Cesarone MR, Hosoi M, Errichi M, Francis S, Cornelli U.(PubMed)
(475) Clinical evaluation of a formulation containing Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata extracts in the management of knee osteoarthritis by Kizhakkedath R1.(PubMed)
(476) Efficacy and tolerability of Boswellia serrata extract in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee--a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial by Kimmatkar N1, Thawani V, Hingorani L, Khiyani R.(PubMed)
(477) Popular Herbs - Ginkgo biloba by Kyle J. Norton
(478) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 has anti-inflammatory properties and ameliorates colitis in mice by driving effector T cell apoptosis by Venkata S. Kotakadi,† Yu Jin,† Anne B. Hofseth, Lei Ying, Xiangli Cui, Suresh Volate, Alexander Chumanevich, Patricia A. Wood,1 Robert L. Price,2 Anna McNeal,2 Udai P. Singh,2 Narendra P. Singh,2 Mitzi Nagarkatti,2 Prakash S. Nagarkatti,2 Lydia E. Matesic,3 Karine Auclair,4 Michael J. Wargovich,5 and Lorne J. Hofseth(PMC)
(479) Effectiveness of oral Ginkgo biloba in treating limited, slowly spreading vitiligo by Parsad D1, Pandhi R, Juneja A.(PubMed)
(480) Ginkgo biloba extract individually inhibits JNK activation and induces c-Jun degradation in human chondrocytes: potential therapeutics for osteoarthritis by Ho LJ1, Hung LF2, Liu FC3, Hou TY3, Lin LC4, Huang CY2, Lai JH5.(PubMed)
(481) Inhibitory effects of EGb761 on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cartilage matrix destruction by Wang X1, Zhao X, Tang S.(PubMed)
(482) EGb761 inhibits inflammatory responses in human chondrocytes and shows chondroprotection in osteoarthritic rat knee by Chen YJ1, Tsai KS, Chiu CY, Yang TH, Lin TH, Fu WM, Chen CF, Yang RS, Liu SH.(PubMed)
(483) Phytodolor--effects and efficacy of a herbal medicine by Gundermann KJ1, Müller J.(PubMed)
(484) Phytodolor® in musculoskeletal disorders: re-analysis and meta-analysis by Uehleke B1, Brignoli R, Rostock M, Saller R, Melzer J.(PubMed)
(485) Selected CAM therapies for arthritis-related pain: the evidence from systematic reviews.
Soeken KL1.(PubMed)
(486) EFFECT OF A PROPRIETARY HERBAL MEDICINE ON THE RELIEF OF CHRONIC ARTHRITIC PAIN: A DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY by S. Y. MILLS, R. K. JACOBY*, M. CHACKSFIELD and M. WILLOUGHBY(Rheumatology)
(487) Effect of a proprietary herbal medicine on the relief of chronic arthritic pain: a double-blind study by Mills SY1, Jacoby RK, Chacksfield M, Willoughby M.(PubMed)
(488) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthrosis. The result of a double-blind, randomized cross-over study].[Article in Danish]by Ryttig K1, Schlamowitz PV, Warnøe O, Wilstrup F.(PubMed)
(489) Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study of clinical efficacy and effects on platelets and PMNs by Mieszczak CI1, Kharazmi A, Rein J, Winther K.(PubMed)
(490) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen].[Article in Danish] by [No authors listed](PubMed)
(491) Danshen prevents articular cartilage degeneration via antioxidation in rabbits with osteoarthritis by Bai B1, Li Y2.(PubMed)
(492) Veterinary Herbal Medicine By Susan G. Wynn, Barbara Fougère, page 349.
(493) Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in Medicine: Volume 2. Pharmacology ..., Volume 2 edited by Xijun Yan
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Treatment
B. In herbal and traditional Chinese medicine perspective
B.2. Herbal and Traditional Chinese medicine
Many herbal medicine have been found effectively for reduction of symptoms and treatment for patient with osteoarthritis(430), including
B.2.1. Individual herb
1. GingerGinger has been used internally and externally for over a thousand years in China to manage all types of arthritis symptoms, through its effective in compress therapy(431). According to Dr. Therkleson T., in the study of 20 adults with moderate to severe osteoarthritis(414). On a self-report arthritis Health Assessment Questionnaire, topical ginger showed to relief osteoarthritic symptoms, in both body physiological recordings and pain scale(415).The Edith Cowan University, in the study of a self-treatment using the ginger patch for a further 24 week, showed that ginger treatment relieve symptoms, improve the overall health, and increase independence of people with chronic osteoarthritis(416).
Ginger extract, according to Frederiksberg Hospital, in adouble blind study conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice (European Guideline for GCP), exhibited a statistically significant effect on reducing symptoms of OA of the knee(432).
2. Willow bark
A herbal medicine used over thousands of years for treatment as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic advocate in many culture(433). Its extract, according to studies may be a potential medicine for treatment of patient with painful osteoarthritis(434)(436) or used conjunction with NSAIDs and opioids(434).
In the trail of total of 78 patients (39 willow bark extract, 39 placebo),. researcher sat the Universität Tübingen showed that Willow bark extract reduces pain, stiffness and improvesphysical function
after 2 weeks of treatment for patient with OA, through its moderate analgesic effect with tolerate side effects(437).
Unfortunately, the study by the Eberhard Karls-Universität, in the 127 outpatients with hip or knee OA 2 randomized, controlled, double-blind trials with followup for 6 weeks, showed insufficient different of the herbal extract in comparison to the placebo(435).
3. Stinging nettle
Stinging nettle also known as Urtica dioica, a herbal medicine with long history for the effectiveness in treating of getting rid of water in the body and relieve pain, showed to relive pain and reduce risk of progression of the disease patients with osteoarthritis(438)(439). Application of stinging nettle daily for one week to the painful area in patient with OA, effectively relieves more pain in comparison to placebo(442)
In a randomized double-blind parallel-groups clinical trial, conduced by the University of Bordeaux, Phytalgic (fish-oil, vitamin E, Urtica dioica) improve not only the symptoms of patient with osteoarthritis. but also reduced the need for analgesics and NSAIDs(440).
Dr. Christensen R, and Dr. Bliddal H. said " Phytalgic... tested in a placebo-controlled trial for 3 months and according to the authors has a very large clinical effect, considerably larger than that of any other known product. Even experts endorsing nutraceuticals for OA symptoms.."(441).
4. Devil’s claw
Devil’s claw is also one most common used in alternative medicine for treatment of patient suffering from osteoarthritis(443), probably through anti inflammatory activity(446) in inhibition of different proinflammatory mediators(447)(448).
In the review of the data of literature on Devil's Claw and OA from 1966 to 2006, research at the University of Southampton indicated that Devil's Claw exhibits effectively the reduction of the main clinical symptom of pain in OA patient but suggestion of it safety in use is necessary(444).
Dr. Chrubasik S said that preparations of devil's claw extract, should be taken account of the presence of the quantity of harpagoside of which has proven importantly in relived painful lower back or arthrotic pain as an attractive alternative to synthetic analgesics(445).
5. Hot Chilli (Capsaicin)
Topical capsaicin is considered as alternative therapy in patient with osteoarthritis, without any severe adverse effects, according to Dr Rains C, and Bryson HM(449).
Topical Capsaicin cream used for treatment of soft tissue with a pharmaceutical name of Finalgon®(420), may be effective for treatment of osteoarthritis in dependent to its concentration.
In a randomized, single-blind, 28-day study conducted by Research Testing Laboratories, capsaicin cream (0.25%) applied twice daily, showed to relieve severity of osteoartghritic pain with side effect of burning sensation(419).
Civamide cream produced by Winston Pharmaceuticals, approved by FDA, civamide cream is a cis-isomer of capsaicin topical medication used for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee and other neuropathic pain(417). In the study by Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, in patients with OA of the knee, civamide cream 0.075% or a lower dose of civamide cream, 0.01% effectively in relieve pain and improve physical functions(418).
5. Green Tea
Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years.
In mouse model, epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol present in green tea, exhibited reduced OA palliative effect and progression, through less Safranin O loss and cartilage erosion(450) by attenuating the inflammation induced by calcium pyrophosphate crystals(452)(453).
Sunphenon, a green tea extract has shown to enhance bone mineralization, relieves osteoarthritis, and aids digestion, through its antioxidant effects(451).According to the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, epigallocatechin gallate and green tea extract, suppressed the condition caused in part by injury, loss of cartilage structure and function, through their effects in balanced inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways(454), probably caused by IL-1β, a major cytokine driving the inflammatory processes(455)(456).
6. Turmeric
Turmeric, a cooking spice used in many culture in South East Asian, especially in India, also has been used as herbal medicine over thousands of year as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.(457). Curcumin (Cur) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), extracted from Curcuma longa slow osteoarthritis progression against bone turn over through the stimulation of interleukin (IL)-1β , downregulate the expression of inflammatory markers on osteoblasts(459).
The joint study St. Louis University School of Medicine and University of Nebraska Medical Center in review of research at the laboratory, translational and clinical levels data found that most the studies and trails supports the use of curcumin for various musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis,..(458). In the antioxidant perspective, curcuminoids relieve osteoarthritis symptoms. through reduction of systemic oxidative stress(460) in patients with knee osteoarthritis(460).The Belgium study of 820 patients treated with a new Curcuma extract (Flexofytol®, 4-6 capsules per day), suggested that the extract improves patient pain, articular mobility, and quality of life. Within the first 6 weeks, more than half of participants were able to discontinue analgaesic and anti-inflammatory drugs with tolerate adverse effects(461)
7. Cat's claw
Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa), the very commonherbal medicine, has been used in traditional medicine over two thousand years as a tonic, contraceptive, anti-inflammatory and infectious agent, and to treat diarrhea, rheumatic disorders, acne, diabetes, cancer and diseases of the urinary tract, etc.(462). The The natural mineral supplement, sierrasil combined with a cat's claw extract, may be protential treatment to improved joint health, according to a a randomized controlled trial (466). Recently, according to the study by Case Western Reserve University, herbal and amino acid mixture containing extract of the Uncaria tomentosa, may be potentially useful as a new adjunct therapeutic/preventive agent for OA or injury recovery effectively, due to its anti inflammatory(464) and chondroprotective activities, in up-regulation of ACAN and COL2A1 expression in IL-1β-stimulated and inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kB in human OA chondrocytes(463) as well as reducing of pro-inflammatory mediators and effectors(464).
The Facultad de Medicina, in the comparison of the species U guianensis and U tomentosa, found that both herbal medicine are effective in treatment of Osteoarthritis, probably through its anti-inflammatory properties in inhibited TNFalpha and PGE2 production(465).
8. Bromelain
Bromelain, a group of protein digesting enzymes found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.(467). The herbal medicine may be used as valuable and safe alternative to NSAIDs in patients suffering acute and chronic OA pain from degenerative joint diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects(468).According to the Rehabilitation Centre for Cardiovascular and Rheumatic Diseases, oral enzyme therapy (Phlogenzym-(PE)), has found effectively in treatment for patient with osteoarthritis with high levels of pain due to signs of inflammation(469). Other oral enzyme-rutosid combination (ERC) containing rutosid and the enzymes bromelain and trypsin, showed to consist the same effectiveness as NSAIDs in the treatment of painful episodes of OA of the knee(471).
Dr. Brien S and the research team in the study of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in patient with osteoarthritis said that more studies and trials are necessary to trials to establish the efficacy and optimum dosage for bromelain as a safer alternative or adjunctive treatment for osteoarthritis(470).
10. Boswellia serrata
Boswellia serrata used as incense in religious and cultural ceremonies and in medicine over thousands of year may be the potential source for treatment of osteoarthritis due to its anti inflammatory(472), anti-arthritic and analgesic activity activity(473) in decreased knee pain, increased knee flexion and increased walking distance(473).
FlexiQule, the commercial Boswellia extract, improved pain, stiffness, physical, social/emotional functions and walking distance at 4 weeks of treatment with patient of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA)(474), the Circulation Sciences and the International Irvine Network suggested.
DR. Kizhakkedath said that formula containing Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata extracts (CB formulation) at 500 mg administered twice a day in a directly compared with the selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib at 100 mg twice a day, induced more successful symptom scoring and clinical examination(475).The study of Indira Gandhi Medical College also supported of Boswellia extract effectiveness by decreasing in knee pain, increasing knee flexion and walking distance of in the study of 30 patient with osteoarthritis of knee(476).
11. Gingko
Gingko is also known as Ginkgo biloba, one of the oldest herbal medicine in human medical history, used in traditional herbal medicine in treating impotence, memory loss,respiratory diseases, circulatory disorders,,...(477).
Gingko extract, with anti inflammatory(478) and immune modulatory(479) activities may be a potential herbal medicine for treatment of osteoarthritis by inhibiting the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-stimulated human chondrocytes degeneration and MMP(matrix metalloproteinases)-1, MMP-3, and 13.causes of cartilage degradation(481)(482) found in patient of osteoarthritis(480) of which make the extract the candidate as a potential therapeutic agent, according to the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research(480).
In Osteoarthritis (OA) rat model, the extract EGb761, a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves also expressed its anti inflammatory effect on human articular chondrocytes of which inhibited cartilage degradation(482).
12. Dan Shen
Dan Shen with the pharmaceutical name of Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae, is a bitter and slightly cold herb, used mainly in traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying blood(494), such as getting rid of clot blood, invigorate blood, breakup blood stasis,... through its effects on liver and heart meridians.
In the animal model study of rabbits, with severe articular cartilage degeneration and lower proteoglycan (PG), the herbal medicine Dan Shen showed effectively in against oxidative stress causes ofarticular cartilage degeneration in patient with Osteoarthritis OA(491).
According to Veterinary Herbal Medicine By Susan G. Wynn, Barbara Fougère, page 349. Dan Shen induced formation of dense callus and increased activity of osteoblasts of which enhanced the improvement of bone heeling(492). Certain studies found in Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in Medicine: Volume 2. Pharmacology ..., Volume 2 edited by Xijun Yan also supported the use of Dan Shen injection for treatment of osteoarthritis because of its anti inflammatory effect(493).
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References
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(450) Green tea polyphenol treatment is chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory and palliative in a mouse post-traumaticosteoarthritis model by Leong DJ, Choudhury M, Hanstein R, Hirsh DM, Kim SJ, Majeska RJ, Schaffler MB, Hardin JA, Spray DC, Goldring MB, Cobelli NJ, Sun HB.(PubMed)
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(455) Green tea: a new option for the prevention or control of osteoarthritis by Katiyar SK, Raman C.(PubMed)
(456) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate selectively inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced activation of mitogen activated protein kinase subgroup c-Jun N-terminal kinase in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes by Singh R1, Ahmed S, Malemud CJ, Goldberg VM, Haqqi TM.(PubMed)
(457) Popular #Herbs - Turmeric (Curcuma longa) by Kyle J. Norton
(458) Role of Curcumin in Common Musculoskeletal Disorders: a Review of Current Laboratory, Translational, and Clinical Data by Peddada KV1, Peddada KV2, Shukla SK3, Mishra A3, Verma V4.(PubMed)
(459) Evaluation of the protective effects of curcuminoid (curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin)-loaded liposomes against bone turnover in a cell-based model of osteoarthritis by Yeh CC1, Su YH2, Lin YJ2, Chen PJ2, Shi CS3, Chen CN2, Chang HI2.(PubMed)
(460) Mitigation of Systemic Oxidative Stress by Curcuminoids in Osteoarthritis: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial by Panahi Y1, Alishiri GH, Parvin S, Sahebkar A.(PubMed)
(461) A new curcuma extract (flexofytol®) in osteoarthritis: results from a belgian real-life experience by Appelboom T1, Maes N2, Albert A3.(PubMed)
(462) Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) by Kyle J. Norton
(463) Effect of a Herbal-Leucine mix on the IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation and inflammatory gene expression in human chondrocytes by Akhtar N1, Miller MJ, Haqqi TM.(PubMed)
(464) Cat's claw: an Amazonian vine decreases inflammation in osteoarthritis by Hardin SR1.(PubMed)
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(467) Popular #Herbs - Bromelain by Kyle J. Norton
(468) A complex of three natural anti-inflammatory agents provides relief of osteoarthritis pain by Conrozier T, Mathieu P, Bonjean M, Marc JF, Renevier JL, Balblanc JC.(PubMed)
(469) Efficacy and tolerance of an oral enzyme combination in painful osteoarthritis of the hip. A double-blind, randomised study comparing oral enzymes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by Klein G1, Kullich W, Schnitker J, Schwann H.(PubMed)
(470) Bromelain as a Treatment for Osteoarthritis: a Review of Clinical Studies by Brien S, Lewith G, Walker A, Hicks SM, Middleton D.(PubMed)
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(472) Boswellia Serrata, A Potential Antiinflammatory Agent: An Overview by M. Z. Siddiqui(PMC)
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(477) Popular Herbs - Ginkgo biloba by Kyle J. Norton
(478) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 has anti-inflammatory properties and ameliorates colitis in mice by driving effector T cell apoptosis by Venkata S. Kotakadi,† Yu Jin,† Anne B. Hofseth, Lei Ying, Xiangli Cui, Suresh Volate, Alexander Chumanevich, Patricia A. Wood,1 Robert L. Price,2 Anna McNeal,2 Udai P. Singh,2 Narendra P. Singh,2 Mitzi Nagarkatti,2 Prakash S. Nagarkatti,2 Lydia E. Matesic,3 Karine Auclair,4 Michael J. Wargovich,5 and Lorne J. Hofseth(PMC)
(479) Effectiveness of oral Ginkgo biloba in treating limited, slowly spreading vitiligo by Parsad D1, Pandhi R, Juneja A.(PubMed)
(480) Ginkgo biloba extract individually inhibits JNK activation and induces c-Jun degradation in human chondrocytes: potential therapeutics for osteoarthritis by Ho LJ1, Hung LF2, Liu FC3, Hou TY3, Lin LC4, Huang CY2, Lai JH5.(PubMed)
(481) Inhibitory effects of EGb761 on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cartilage matrix destruction by Wang X1, Zhao X, Tang S.(PubMed)
(482) EGb761 inhibits inflammatory responses in human chondrocytes and shows chondroprotection in osteoarthritic rat knee by Chen YJ1, Tsai KS, Chiu CY, Yang TH, Lin TH, Fu WM, Chen CF, Yang RS, Liu SH.(PubMed)
(483) Phytodolor--effects and efficacy of a herbal medicine by Gundermann KJ1, Müller J.(PubMed)
(484) Phytodolor® in musculoskeletal disorders: re-analysis and meta-analysis by Uehleke B1, Brignoli R, Rostock M, Saller R, Melzer J.(PubMed)
(485) Selected CAM therapies for arthritis-related pain: the evidence from systematic reviews.
Soeken KL1.(PubMed)
(486) EFFECT OF A PROPRIETARY HERBAL MEDICINE ON THE RELIEF OF CHRONIC ARTHRITIC PAIN: A DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY by S. Y. MILLS, R. K. JACOBY*, M. CHACKSFIELD and M. WILLOUGHBY(Rheumatology)
(487) Effect of a proprietary herbal medicine on the relief of chronic arthritic pain: a double-blind study by Mills SY1, Jacoby RK, Chacksfield M, Willoughby M.(PubMed)
(488) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthrosis. The result of a double-blind, randomized cross-over study].[Article in Danish]by Ryttig K1, Schlamowitz PV, Warnøe O, Wilstrup F.(PubMed)
(489) Gitadyl versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study of clinical efficacy and effects on platelets and PMNs by Mieszczak CI1, Kharazmi A, Rein J, Winther K.(PubMed)
(490) [Gitadyl versus ibuprofen].[Article in Danish] by [No authors listed](PubMed)
(491) Danshen prevents articular cartilage degeneration via antioxidation in rabbits with osteoarthritis by Bai B1, Li Y2.(PubMed)
(492) Veterinary Herbal Medicine By Susan G. Wynn, Barbara Fougère, page 349.
(493) Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in Medicine: Volume 2. Pharmacology ..., Volume 2 edited by Xijun Yan
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