Medical Advisor Journals

Tuesday, May 24, 2016

Herbal therapy: Popular Herbal Comfrey(Symphytum officinale L.)

Comfrey is a perennial Plant in the genus of Symphytum, belonging to the family Boraginaceae, native to Europe. It has been used in herbal and traditional medicine to ease excessive bleeding or on open wounds, relief pain and swollen, treat circulation issues, reduce cholesterol, etc.

Health benefits

1. Distortions
In the comparison of the efficacy of comfrey extract to a commercial diclofenac (CAS 78213-16-8) preparation in the treatment of unilateral ankle sprains found that superiority of the plant based ointment over the diclofenac gel in the treatment of distortions, according to the study of "Comfrey extract ointment in comparison to diclofenac gel in the treatment of acute unilateral ankle sprains (distortions)" by D'Anchise R, Bulitta M, Giannetti B.(1)

2. Painful osteoarthritis
In the investigation of the effect of a daily application of 6g Kytta-Salbe f (3 x 2 g) over a 3 week period with patients suffering from painful osteoarthritis of the knee with the complaints relating to osteoarthritis of the knee had persisted for 6.5 years found that the comfrey root extract ointment is well suited for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Pain is reduced, mobility of the knee improved and quality of life increased, according to "Efficacy of a comfrey root (Symphyti offic. radix) extract ointment in the treatment of patients with painful osteoarthritis of the knee: results of a double-blind, randomised, bicenter, placebo-controlled trial" by Grube B, Grünwald J, Krug L, Staiger C.(2)

3. Organic parasite control
In the investigation of Plants used for treating endo- and ectoparasites of rabbits and poultry in British Columbia and their effect in included Arctium lappa (burdock), including Symphytum officinale (comfrey), according to "Organic parasite control for poultry and rabbits in British Columbia, Canada" by Lans C, Turner N.(3)

4. Bone density
In the investigation of the removal torque and radiographic bone density around titanium implants and the effects of the effect of Symphytum officinale in homeopathic potency (6cH) found that that S. officinale 6cH treatment enhanced bone formation around the micro-implants, mainly at 14 days. At 56 days, the radiographic bone density was higher in the treated group., according to"Homeopathic Symphytum officinale increases removal torque and radiographic bone density around titanium implants in rats" by Spin-Neto R, Belluci MM, Sakakura CE, Scaf G, Pepato MT, Marcantonio E Jr.(4)

5. Wound healing
In evaluation of Wound healing effects of a topically applied preparation (Traumaplant) containing a concentrate (10 % active ingredient) from the aerial parts of medicinal comfrey found that after 2-3 days of application of the study medication a highly significantly and clinically relevantly faster initial reduction of wound size of 49 + or - 19 % versus 29 + or - 13 % per day in favour of verum (p < 5x10(-21)) with no adverse side effects, according to the study of "[Wound healing effects of a Symphytum herb extract cream (Symphytum x uplandicum NYMAN: ): results of a randomized, controlled double-blind study].[Article in German]" by Barna M, Kucera A, Hladícova M, Kucera M.(5)

6. Myalgia
In the examination of The effectiveness and tolerability of the topical Symphytum product Traumaplant (Harras Pharma Curarina, München, Germany) and it effects in treating myalgia found that Global efficacy was significantly better (P=1 x 10 -8 ) and onset of effects was faster (P=4 x 10 -7 ) with the high-concentration product. Tolerability of the highly concentrated study product was good to excellent in all patients. Study results confirm the known anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of topical (Symphytum) cream, according to "Topical symphytum herb concentrate cream against myalgia: a randomized controlled double-blind clinical study" by Kucera M, Barna M, Horàcek O, Kàlal J, Kucera A, Hladìkova M.(6)

7. Antifungal activity
In the research of extracts from the leaves of medicinal comfrey and cowparsnip and their effects against the germination of Erysiphe graminis conidia and uredospores of Puccinia graminis found that protective activity of comfrey and cowparsnip extracts is associated with their action on the pathogenic fungus and with the activation of natural defense reactions of the host plant, according to "[Antifungal activity of aqueous extracts from the leaf of cowparsnip andcomfrey].[Article in Russian]" by Karavaev VA, Solntsev MK, Iurina TP, Iurina EV, Poliakova IB, Kuznetsov AM.(7)

8. Etc.

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Side effects
1. The herb may cause liver toxicity and cancers, according to the observation of the chemical compound and it effect in liver toxicity and induced cancer in rat found that the active metabolites of PA in comfrey interact with DNA in liver endothelial cells and hepatocytes, resulting in DNA damage, mutation induction, and cancer development(a).
2. Do not use the herb in children
3. Do not use the herb if you are pregnant or breast feeding with out permission of related field specialist.
4. Etc.

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18193693
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17169543
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21756341
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20970094
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18157595
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510384
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11525124

Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy - Popular Herbal An Xi Xiang (Benzoinum Styracis Benzoinis)

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

An Xi Xiang is also known as Tree Benxoinan genus Styrax, belonging to the family Styracaceae native to the Northern Hemisphere. The acrid, bitter and cool herb has been used in TCM to treat strokes, shocks, chest pain, epilepsy of children and geriatric asthma as it helps to relieve pain, restore consciousness, moves blood and qi by enhancing the functions of lung, heart, spleen and stomach liver channels.

Ingredients
1. Benzoic acid
2. Resin
3. Tinture
4. Pinoresinol
5. Lariciresinol
6. Secoisolariciresinol
7. Matairesinol
8. Hydroxymatairesinol
9. Syringaresinol
10. Sesamin
11. Enterodiol
12. Enterolactone
13. Etc.

Health benefits
1. Skin diseases
An Xi Xiang contains benzoic acid, a Whitfield’s Ointment including salicylic acid and benzoic acid to treat fungii causes of skin diseases, such as tinea, ringworm, and athlete’s foot.
2. Anti-bacteria and antifungi
Egonol and some synthesised new compounds extracted from An Xi Xiang has shown to contain a property of antibacterial, antifungal, and to enhance the ability to regulate functions of the immune system activity, according to the study of “Synthesis and antibacterial activity of egonol derivatives” by Oztürk SE, Akgül Y, Anil H., posted in PubMed(1)
3. Diabetes
Cinnamic acid, a white crystalline hydroxycinnamic acid in the herb, has been shown to have a good efect for people with diabetes due to elevation of iron levels in the body.
4. Weight loss
The chemical compound of Sesamin has been shown to decrease lipogenesis (fat storage) by decreasing lipogenic enzymes in the liver.
5. Cardiovascular health
Matairesinol is a plant lignan, some studies suggest that lignan can help to reduce the risk of cardio-diseases and hormone cause of cancers due it property as a precursors of the enterolignans.
6. Cancer
Pinoresinol, a lignan has shown to have a anti-cancer property but suggest that suggests that all of the polyphenolic compounds may work more effectively than pinoresinol alone.
7. Leukemia
The chemical compound of Triterpenoids from the resin of An Xi Xiang has significantly inhibited the growth of Leukemia HL-60 cell with IG(50) values ranging from 8.9 to 99.4 microM, according to the study of “Triterpenoids from the resin of Styrax tonkinensis and their antiproliferative and differentiation effects in human leukemia HL-60 cells” by Wang F, Hua H, Pei Y, Chen D, Jing Y., posted in PubMed(2)
8. Liver cancer
glycoprotein in An Xi Xaiang beside has exhibited the strong antioxidant effects and scavenges radicals activity but also attenuates the activity of HSP27, HSP70, PKC, MAPKs, and PCNA in BNL CL.2 cells and liver tissue, thus reducing the risk of liver cancer caused by oxidative stress, according to the study of Inhibitory effect of SJSZ glycoprotein (38 kDa) on expression of heat shock protein 27 and 70 in chromium (VI)-treated hepatocytes” by Lee J, Lim KT., posted by PubMed(3)
9. Sedative and anticonvulsant activities
In the test of pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsion, researchers found that oral administration (25, 50, 100 mg/kg), styrax prolonged the sodium pentobarbital-induced sleeping time and intranasal administration (12.5, 25, 50 mg/kg) prolonged the sleeping time at lower dosage, according to the study of “Sedative and anticonvulsant activities of styrax after oral and intranasal administration in mice” by
Guo J, Duan JA, Tang Y, Li Y”, posted in PubMed(4)

Side effects
1. Over intake can cause nausea and excess fatigue, anemia and leukemia.
2. The herb can be toxic to the kidney.
3. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer(1)
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18321718
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16724846
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21796412
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21428734

Monday, May 23, 2016

Phytochemicals In Foods: The effects of Polysulfides

Polysulfides are phytochemicals in a class of chemical compounds containing chains of sulfur atoms, belonging to the group of Organosulfides found abundantly in ioxidized product, including beer, wine, whiskey, garlic oil, etc.

Health Benefits
1. Colon cancer
In the searching new drugs with anticancer activities, by combining coumarins withpolysulfides in the form of di-coumarin polysulfides, found that the novel coumarin compounds regulated the phosphatase activity of the cell cycle regulating cdc25 family members, indicating that these phosphatases are implicated in the induction of cell cycle arrest and possibly in apoptosis induction as well. In addition, coumarinpolysulfides also down-regulated the level of cdc25C, which also contributed to the arrest in the G(2)-phase of the cell cycle, according to "Coumarin polysulfidesinhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells" by Saidu NE, Valente S, Bana E, Kirsch G, Bagrel D, Montenarh M.(1)

2. Anti cancers
In the determination of the influence of highly pure diallylsulfides with a chain of 1-4 sulphur atoms agents on cell viability, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in HCT116 human colon cancer cells, found that the induction of apoptosis was indeed dependent on the redox-state of the cell, with anti-oxidants being able to prevent sulfide-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, using HCT116 cells which were either positive or negative for p53 revealed that p53 is clearly dispensable for induction of apoptosis. Growth arrest and induction of apoptosis is associated with a considerable reduction of the level of cdc25C, according to "Diallylpolysulfides induce growth arrest and apoptosis" by Busch C, Jacob C, Anwar A, Burkholz T, Aicha Ba L, Cerella C, Diederich M, Brandt W, Wessjohann L, Montenarh M.(2)

3. Harmful and beneficial effects of organic monosulfides, disulfides, andpolysulfides
In the investigation of the harmful and Beneficial effects of many organic sulfides (mono-, di-, and polysulfides) presented in our environment, showed that Some sulfides are toxic, and there is evidence that such toxicity is caused by the ability of these substances to generate reactive oxygen species. Some sulfides, however, have been shown to protect against toxicants and carcinogens. These beneficial effects are believed to involve, at least in part, the ability of sulfides to inhibit the enzymatic activation of pro-toxicants and to increase tissue activities of enzymes that protect against electrophiles. Some sulfides also have potential as cancer chemotherapeutics, according to "Harmful and beneficial effects of organic monosulfides, disulfides, and polysulfides in animals and humans" by Munday R.(3)

4. Antiproliferative effect
In the determination of in vitro and in vivo studies reported that organosulfur compounds (OSCs), naturally found in Allium vegetables, are able to suppress the proliferation of various tumor cells, showed that Diallyl- and dipropyltetrasulfides have emerged as interesting irreversible inhibitors of the Cdc25 isoforms A and C in vitro. Furthermore, growth of both sensitive (MCF-7) and resistant (Vcr-R) human breast carcinoma cells was significantly decreased by these tetrasulfides. The observed antiproliferative effect appeared to be associated with a G2-M cell cycle arrest, according to 'Antiproliferative effect of natural tetrasulfides in human breast cancer cells is mediated through the inhibition of the cell division cycle 25 phosphatases" by Viry E, Anwar A, Kirsch G, Jacob C, Diederich M, Bagrel D.(4)

5. Cardiovascular diseases
found that stimulation of nitric oxide generation in endothelial cells seems to be the critical preventive mechanism. Garlic may promote an anti-inflammatory environment by cytokine modulation in human blood. Cardioprotective effects of dietary garlic are mediated in large part via the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Garlic-derived organic polysulfides are converted by erythrocytes into hydrogen sulfide which relaxes vascular smooth muscle, induces vasodilation of blood vessels, and significantly reduces blood pressure, according to "Garlic (Allium sativum L.) and cardiovascular diseases" by Ginter E, Simko V.(5)

6. Liver cancer
In the investigation of the effect of allyl sulfides from garlic: monosulfide, disulfide and trisulfide on cell proliferation and viability, caspase 3 activity and hydrogen peroxide (H(2) O(2) ) production in HepG2 cells, showed that Among the compounds under study, diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a sulfane sulfur-containing compound, showed the highest biological activity in HepG2 cells. This compound increased the H(2) O(2) formation, lowered the thiol level and produced the strongest inhibition of cell proliferation and the greatest induction of caspase 3 activity in HepG2 cells, according to "The effects of garlic-derived sulfur compounds on cell proliferation, caspase 3 activity, thiol levels and anaerobic sulfur metabolism in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells" by Iciek M, Kwiecień I, Chwatko G, Sokołowska-Jeżewicz M, Kowalczyk-Pachel D, Rokita H.(6)

7. Antibacterial effects
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy used in a study of the cell injury and inactivation of Campylobacter jejuni from exposure to antioxidants from garlic,
confirmed that organosulfur compounds are responsible for the substantial antimicrobial activity of garlic, much greater than those of garlic phenolic compounds, as indicated by changes in the spectral features of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides in the bacterial cell membranes, according to "Investigating antibacterial effects of garlic (Allium sativum) concentrate and garlic-derived organosulfur compounds on Campylobacter jejuni by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy" by Lu X, Rasco BA, Jabal JM, Aston DE, Lin M, Konkel ME.(7)

8. Gastric cancer
In the determination of Allylmercapto glutathione S-conjugate, S-allylmercapto-L-cysteine (SAMC), biotransformed from allyl sulfides and from naturally occurring water-soluble garlic derivatives, for its inhibition of tumorigenesis, found that SAMC inhibited tumor growth rate by 31.36% and 37.78% at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Apoptosis in the implanted tumor cells was manifested by apoptotic characteristics, including morphological changes of chromatin crescent, cell shrinkage and membrane blebbing. The apoptosis index of 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of SAMC was 20.74 ± 2.50% and 30.61 ± 2.42%, respectively, by terminal deoxy-nucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, according to "Anticancer activity of S-allylmercapto-L-cysteine on implanted tumor of human gastric cancer cell" by Lee Y, Kim H, Lee J, Kim K.(8)

9. Anti fungal activities
In the evaluation of the effect of diallyldisulphide (DADS), an important organosulphur compound found in garlic (Allium sativum), on antioxidant systems in Candida species, showed that a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase activities but an increase in catalase activity were observed. Increased levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of glutathione were observed in treated cells. Activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase decreased significantly following DADS treatment and could be correlated with a decrease in glutathione concentration in both Candida species, according to "Effect of diallyldisulphide on an antioxidant enzyme system in Candida species" by Yousuf S, Ahmad A, Khan A, Manzoor N, Khan LA.(10)

Most Common Diseases of 50plus: Diabetes(The Articles) --- How to Get High Carbohydrate Quality

If you are diabetic, the chance that you are overweight and this increase the
chance of high cholesterol and high blood pressure. So, to control the
glucose in your blood stream, you might want to try high protein diet
together with fighting cholesterol and high blood pressure natural remedies.

Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

Traditionally, diabetes is viewed as a failure of the pancreas to release
enough insulin for sugar metabolism. People with diabetes has grown
increasingly worse over last 10 years. The escalation in diabetes corresponds
to rise in heart disease, because of over weight, poor diet and lack of
exercise.

Understanding Carbohydrates is a very important issue for diabetics becauseglycemic potency varies based on the glycemic index(GI), different carbohydrate foods that you eat will have dramatically different effects on your blood glucose levels.

What is Glycemic Index(GI)?
The GI index is a system for ranking carbohydrates according to how quickly they are converted to glucose. Foods with a low GI (less than 55) are absorbed into the blood stream slowly.

There are 2 types of carbohydrates:
1. Simple carbohydrates
Carbohydrates broken down quickly in the digestive system, therefore glucose are released quickly into bloodstream, such as chocolate, glucose,...etc.

2. Complex carbohydrates
After entering the digestive system, complex carbohydrates are broken down slowly such as whole grain, grapefruit, and apples. Therefore glucose is released gradually into the bloodstream.

Understanding simple and complex carbohydrates and the GI index will help you to choose the right type of carbohydrates in creating a specific meal plan tailoring to your own needs.
Please do not think that all complex carbohydrates have a low GI. Some complex carbohydrates contain a lot of simple carbohydrates, such as Baked Potatoes, Corn Flakes, Watermelons, and white bread have GIs higher than 72, while others have very low GIs such as grapefruits, lentils, and apples.
We know that combinations of high GI and low GI in one meal is the better choice to keep both your glucose and insulin levels lower over the course of a whole day.

Most common Diseases of 50plus: The Obesity' Research and Studies - Obesity and Short Term Fasting

Fasting is defined as a state of no intake of food or beverages, excluding water, which can be drunk as often as your body needs. It is claimed that properly conduct of fasting can increase health benefits relatively.There are many types of short term fasting, but the most common one is the 24-hour fast.In General, it starts immediately after breakfast and continue uninterrupted for the next 24 hours.
According to the study of Seven obese women (OB, aged 17-54 years, BMI 42.4 +/- 3.6 kg/m2, waist-hip ratio (WHR) 0.85 +/- 0.01) and ten healthy women, as control subjects (CS, aged 20-44 years, BMI 23.1 +/- 1.1 kg/m2, WHR 0.79 +/- 0.01) with an aim to clarify the effect of a 3 or 4-day fast, by department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy. researchers found that either alone or combined with arginine, is not improved by short-term fasting. As fasting is considered a CNS mediated stimulus to GH secretion, its ineffectiveness in obesity does not support a hypothalamic pathogenesis and suggests that long standing metabolic alterations, such as hyperinsulinaemia and/or elevated free fatty acids, could play a major role in causing GH insufficiency in obese patients(1).

(1) " Short-term fasting in obesity fails to restore the blunted GH responsiveness to GH-releasing hormone alone or combined with arginine" by Procopio M, Maccario M, Grottoli S, Oleandri SE, Boffano GM, Camanni F, Ghigo E., post in PubMed

Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Polymyalgia Arthritis (Rheumatica): The Risk factors

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalgia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

Polymyalgia Arthritis (Rheumatica)

Polymalgia Arthritis is defined as a condition a common inflammatory rheumatic disease which causes pain, stiffness and tenderness in large muscles, including muscles shoulders and pelvic girdle as a result of the presence of a synovitis in proximal joints and periarticular structures.

The Risk factors
1. Gene
Patient carrying gene of rs20541 (R130Q) polymorphism in the IL-13 gene is showed to have an increased risk of Polymyalgia Rheumatica(PMR)(18). In elder, genetic abnomality of IL1RN polymorphism is also an risk factor for the disease but not associated to PMR severity(19), according Universidad de Cantabria. The influence of persistence high levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6)(Proinflammatory cytokines) also elevated the risk of PMR (20).

2. Aging
If you are over 50 years of age, you are at increased risk of Polymalagia Arthritis (PMR)(21), as a result of age-related chronic inflammatory conditions in increased effector functions of phagocytes, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst as well as reduced immunity(22). In support to the above, the Slovak Academy of Sciences study suggested that patient with Polymyalgia Rheumatica(PMR) are found to have low levels of cortisol, during ongoing inflammation, decreased levels of adrenal androgens which is an expression in aging population(23)

3. Diet
Diet plays an important in reduced and increased risk of PMR, depending to specific dietary components. Intake of red meat and certain dietary components have shown to predict the onset of Polymyalgia Rheumatica(PMR) depending to influential risk from other lifestyle causes(24).

4. Geographical and temporal differences
People who live in ceratain Geographical and temporal areas are susceptible to increased risk of Polymyalgia Rheumatica(PMR). Dr Cimmino MA and Zaccaria A said," Epidemiological studies have helped to unravel the etiopathogenic factors at work in PMR/GCA,... the incidence of PMR varies between 12.7/100,000 in Italy and 112.6/100,000 in Norway"(25).

5. Smoking
One of most additive form of human life style of thousands of year has found to causes many types of deathly cancer and viarity of chronic inflammatory diseases, including Polymyalgia Rheumatica(PMR)(25). According to the Kameda Medical Center, reviewed of review of patients with RS3PE and PMR treated in a community-based hospital between January 2000 and December 2009, smiking is the leading causes of PMR with the effective rate of 39%(26).
Dr. Harrison BJ and the research team at the University of Manchester, insisted that Cigarette smoking is known to increase rheumatoid factor (RF) and nodule formation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the early inflammatory polyarthritis (28).

6. Gender
According to the review of records of 163 cases of PMR and/or TA diagnosed over a 15 year period,
if you are women, you are at increased risk to develop Polymalagia Arthritis with severity of inflammatory response(29). Dr. Dejaco C, the leading researcher at the jopint study said,"Among prognostic factors, female sex, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and peripheral arthritis were associated in some studies with a higher relapse risk"(30).

5. Race
Polymyalgia Rheumatica(PMR) is one of most common rheumatic diseases in Asian popilation specially in China and Singapore, according to Singapore General Hospital(31) and Community Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (32) but The prevalence of rheumatic complaints varied with the locality surveyed(32)

Some researchers also suggested that increased levels of Procalcitonin (PCT) as an early marker of bacterial infection in patients diagnosed during the 2002-06 period randomly selected.may be correlated with inflammation status of the early onset of PMR as well as sun exposure, and nulliparity(27).

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

References

(20) Relationship between interleukin 6 promoter polymorphism at position -174, IL-6 serum levels, and the risk of relapse/recurrence in polymyalgia rheumatica by Boiardi L1, Casali B, Farnetti E, Pipitone N, Nicoli D, Cantini F, Macchioni P, Bajocchi G, Catanoso MG, Pulsatelli L, Consonni D, Salvarani C.(PubMed)
(21) [Polymyalgia rheumatica mimicking neoplastic disease--significant problem in elderly patients].
[Article in Polish]by Kwiatkowska B1, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A.(PubMed)
(22) Phagocyte dysfunction in polymyalgia rheumatica and other age-related, chronic, inflammatory conditions by Álvarez-Rodríguez L1, López-Hoyos M, Calvo-Alén J, Aurrecoechea E, Villa I, Martínez-Taboada VM.(PubMed)
(23) Serum cytokines and steroidal hormones in polymyalgia rheumatica and elderly‐onset rheumatoid arthriti by M Cutolo, C M Montecucco, L Cavagna, R Caporali, S Capellino, P Montagna, L Fazzuoli, B Villaggio, B Seriolo, and A Sulli(PMC)
(24) Dietary risk factors for the development of inflammatory polyarthritis: evidence for a role of high level of red meat consumption by Pattison DJ1, Symmons DP, Lunt M, Welch A, Luben R, Bingham SA, Khaw KT, Day NE, Silman AJ.(PubMed)
(25) Epidemiology of polymyalgia rheumatica by Cimmino MA1, Zaccaria A.(PubMed)
(26) Clinical characteristics of patients with remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema compared to patients with pure polymyalgia rheumatica by Kimura M1, Tokuda Y, Oshiawa H, Yoshida K, Utsunomiya M, Kobayashi T, Deshpande GA, Matsui K, Kishimoto M.(PubMed)
(27) Procalcitonin at the onset of giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: the GRACG prospective study by Schmidt J1, Duhaut P, Bourgeois AM, Salle V, Smail A, Chatelain D, Betsou F, Mazière JC, Ducroix JP; Groupe de Recherche sur l'Artérite à Cellules Géantes (GRACG).(PubMed)

Food Therapy: Navy beans (Phaseolus)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The small, white navy bean, also called pea bean or haricot, popular in both dry and green forms, is very popular in Britain and the US, native to Peru. It is now grown and consumed across the world, due to their numerous health benefits.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrate
2. Protein
3. Dietary fiber
4. Vitamin A
5. Vitamin B1
6. copper
7. Iron
8. Manganese
9. Phosphorus
10. Magnesium
11. Etc.

Health benefits
A. Health Benefits according to studies
1. Colon carcinogenesis
The fraction of cooked navy beans is responsible for its cancer-preventive effects, according to "Dietary cooked navy beans and their fractions attenuate colon carcinogenesis in azoxymethane-induced ob/ob mice" by Bobe G, Barrett KG, Mentor-Marcel RA, Saffiotti U, Young MR, Colburn NH, Albert PS, Bennink MR, Lanza E.(a)

2. Diabetes
Navy beans had found in binding on the ability of the intestine to absorb glucose, according to the study of "Binding of navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lectin to the intestinal cells of the rat and its effect on the absorption of glucose" by Donatucci DA, Liener IE, Gross CJ.(b)

3. Disaccharidase activity
In the investigations of four raw legume diets: field beans (Vicia faba) (RFB), navybeans (Phaseolus vulgaris) (RNB), soybeans (Glycine soja) (RSB) and bitter vetch (VICIA ervilia) (RBV), on disaccharidase activities in chick small intestine found that chicks fed on autoclaved navy beans and soybeans showed a considerably higher activity of these disaccharidases, according to "Effect of raw legume diets on disaccharidase activity in the small intestine of chicks" by Lasheras B, Cenarruzabeitia MN, Fontán J, Lluch M, Larralde J.(c)

4. Blood glucose response
In the determination of the effect of endogenous and added phytic acid as well as Ca on the in vitro rate of starch digestion and in vivo blood glucose response tonavy bean flour found that the role of both added and endogenous phytic acid in slowing the in vitro rate of starch digestibility and in vivo glycemic response to legumes and the ability of Ca to modify this effect, according to"Phytic acid and calcium affect the in vitro rate of navy bean starch digestion and blood glucose response in humans" by Thompson LU, Button CL, Jenkins DJ.(d)

5. Etc.

B. Health benefits according to concentration
1. Dietary fiber
Daily intake of right amount of fibers can prevent and treat Diabetes, as Increased consumption of vegetables, whole grains, and soluble and insoluble fiber is associated with improved glucose metabolism in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis were more evident in participants following a plant-based diet compared with other commonly used diets, according to the study of "Efficacy of high-fiber diets in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus" by Wolfram T, Ismail-Beigi F.(1)

2. Folate
In the investigation of the prevalence and multifactorial etiology of anemia among Indian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and its effect onanemia, found that Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia and anemia of inflammation, is highly prevalent among children with HIV infection. Micronutrient supplements (iron and, folate) combined with ART(antiretroviral therapy) improved anemia in HIV-infected children, according to "The prevalence and etiology of anemia among HIV-infected children in India" by Shet A, Arumugam K, Rajagopalan N, Dinakar C, Krishnamurthy S, Mehta S, Shet AS.(2)

3. Tryptophan
Tryptophan beside is the precosur of serotonin as it is famous in inducing sleep if it taken in high dose,according to the study of "Improving the quality of infant sleep through the inclusion at supper of cereals enriched with tryptophan, adenosine-5'-phosphate, and uridine-5'-phosphate" by Cubero J, Chanclón B, Sánchez S, Rivero M, Rodríguez AB, Barriga C.(2), it also enhances the neural responses cayused by depression, according to the study of "The effects of tryptophan depletion on neural responses to emotional words in remitted depression" by Roiser JP, Levy J, Fromm SJ, Nugent AC, Talagala SL, Hasler G, Henn FA, Sahakian BJ, Drevets WC.(3)

4. Manganese
It is one of important trace in preventing osteroposis, according to the study of "[Study of estrogen deficiency impact on manganese levels in teeth and mandible of rats after ovariectomy]. [Article in Polish]" by Rahnama M, Błoniarz J, Zareba S, Swiatkowski W.(4)and regulating blood sugar level, according to the study of "[An inadequate intake of manganese may favour insulin resistance in girls]. [Article in Spanish]" by Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Bermejo LM, López-Sobaler AM, Ortega RM.(4)

5. Protein
Protein in Soybean is not only beneficial to the cardiovascular diseases, according to the study of "Soy protein, isoflavones, and cardiovascular health: an American Heart Association Science Advisory for professionals from the Nutrition Committee" by Sacks FM, Lichtenstein A, Van Horn L, Harris W, Kris-Etherton P, Winston M; American Heart Association Nutrition Committee(5), but also plays an important role in treating diabetes, according to "Effects of soy protein and isoflavones on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity: a 6-mo double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in postmenopausal Chinese women with prediabetes or untreated early diabetes" by Liu ZM, Chen YM, Ho SC, Ho YP, Woo J.(6)

6. Etc.

C. Other health benefits
1. Irritable bowel syndrome
Since it contain high amount of fiber, it helps to improve the digestive system in expelling the waste through large intestine, reducing the risk of irritable bowel syndrome and constipation, according to the study of "High-fiber diet supplementation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a multicenter, randomized, open trial comparison between wheat bran diet and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG)" by Parisi GC, Zilli M, Miani MP, Carrara M, Bottona E, Verdianelli G, Battaglia G, Desideri S, Faedo A, Marzolino C, Tonon A, Ermani M, Leandro G., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12184518, researcher found that significantly more patients in the PHGG group reported a greater subjective improvement than those in the Fiber group.

2. Diabetes
High amount of fiber not only helps to prevent weigh gain, it also improves the pancreas in production of insulin as a result of glucose of navy bean being released slowly into blood stream after consuming, in a sudy of "Efficacy of high-fiber diets in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus" by Wolfram T, Ismail-Beigi F., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713332), researchers concluded that Increased consumption of vegetables, whole grains, and soluble and insoluble fiber is associated with improved glucose metabolism in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis were more evident in participants following a plant-based diet compared with other commonly used diets.

3. Fertility
Since it contains high amount of magnesium and coper, the trace minerals help to relax the blood vessel and improves the blood flow to the cells of the body, including the reproductive organs, thus reducing the risk of sexual impotent, lower sex drive, etc. according to the study of "Correction of subnormal fertility with copper and magnesium supplementation" by Ingraham RH, Kappel LC, Morgan EB, Srikandakumar A., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3571619)

4. Vitamin B1 or thiamin
Thiamin (vitamin B1) plays an essential role in the synthesis of acetylcholine, which is important for the brain in neurotransmitter thus reducing the risk of age-related impairment such as Alzheimer's disease. In astudy of "Thiamine deficiency induces oxidative stress and exacerbates the plaque pathology in Alzheimer's mouse model" by Karuppagounder SS, Xu H, Shi Q, Chen LH, Pedrini S, Pechman D, Baker H, Beal MF, Gandy SE, Gibson GE., posted in PubMed(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18406011), researchers found that TD (Thiamine deficiency)-induced inflammation in areas of plaque formation. Thus, the induction of mild impairment of oxidative metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation induced by TD alters metabolism of APP and/or Abeta and promotes accumulation of plaques independent of neuron loss or neuritic clusters.

5. Iron
Iron beside is important in forming of the red pigment called hemoglobin in the blood and carrying life-giving oxygen to human blood cells, it also takes an active role in the synthesis of a some essential neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, thus reducing the risk of nervous tension., according to the study of "Early iron deficiency has brain and behavior effects consistent with dopaminergic dysfunction" by Lozoff B., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21346104), researchers found that Irondeficiency also has other effects, specifically on other neurotransmitters, myelination, dendritogenesis, neurometabolism in hippocampus and striatum, gene and protein profiles, and associated behaviors. The persistence of poorer cognitive, motor, affective, and sensory system functioning highlights the need to prevent irondeficiency in infancy and to find interventions that lessen the long-term effects of this widespread nutrient disorder.

6. Etc.

Side effects
1. Toxicity
Do not eat navy bean in the raw form, it can be toxic
2. Purine
It may cause problem for some people with untreated kidney diseases due to accumulation of excessive amount of uric acid, if it is eaten in a great amount.
3. Etc.

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Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18444172
(b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3694292
(c) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192009
(d) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3630965