Medical Advisor Journals

Wednesday, May 25, 2016

Food Therapy: Whole Grains - Corn (Zea mays)

Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Corn

Corn is a variety of maize with a high sugar content and prepared as a vegetable. It is a tall plant grass that has large ears with many seeds or kernels. Because of its commercial values, it has been growth in suitable climate all over the world for human consumption and animal foods.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Dietary fiber
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Essential Amino Acids
7. Vitamin A
8. Thiamine (Vit. B1)
9.. Niacin (Vit. B3)
10. Folate (Vit. B9)
11. Vitamin C
12. Iron
29.Magnesium
13.Potassium
14. Etc.

Health benefits
A. Health Benefits according to studies
1. Oxidative Stress
In the determination of the contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, flavonols, flavanols, and anthocyanins of purple corn (Zea mays L.) extracts and their anti oxidative stress found that extract contained various bioactive phenolic compounds that exhibited considerable in vitro antioxidant activity, which correlated well with the decreased MDA formation and increase in activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes observed in the isolated mouse organs, according to "Purple Corn (Zea mays L.) Phenolic Compounds Profile and Its Assessment as an Agent Against Oxidative Stress in Isolated Mouse Organs" by Ramos-Escudero F, Mu Oz AM, Alvarado-Ort Z C, Alvarado N, Y Ez JA.(a)

2. Antioxidant activity
In the evaluation of the antioxidative phytochemicals of corn and its effect onreducing risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, cataract, and aged-related functional decline found that drying at ambient temperatures (27 degrees C). Alkaline hydrolysates showed very high TPC( total phenolic content), ACL(antioxidant capacity of lipid-soluble substances), and ORAC(radical absorbance capacity) values when compared to methanol and HCl/methanol extracts. High-amylose corn had a better antioxidant capacity than did typical (nonmutant) corn genotypes, according to the study of "High-amylose corn exhibits better antioxidant activity than typical and waxy genotypes" by Li W, Wei CV, White PJ, Beta T.(b)

3. Ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids
In the investigation of the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in maize kernels ant it impacts on human and livestock health, found that An 11-bp insertion in the last exon of Zmfatb decreases palmitic acid content and concentration, leading to an optimization of the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids while having no effect on total oil content, according to the study of "An 11-bp insertion in Zea mays fatb reduces the palmitic acid content of fatty acids in maize grain" by Li L, Li H, Li Q, Yang X, Zheng D, Warburton M, Chai Y, Zhang P, Guo Y, Yan J, Li J.(c)

4. Carotenoid
In the analyzing the nutritional value of staple crops, such as rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) and its seed Carotenoid found that By focusing on different steps in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, it is also possible to generate plants with enhanced levels of several nutritionally-beneficial carotenoid molecules simultaneously, according to the study of "Nutritious crops producing multiple carotenoids--a metabolic balancing act" by Farré G, Bai C, Twyman RM, Capell T, Christou P, Zhu C.(d)

5. Digestive function
In the investigation of L-arginine supplements found in maize and soyabean and theirs effect on intestinal development of weaned piglet, found that indicate that arginine supplementation enhances intestinal growth, development and expression of VEGF in early-weaned pigs fed a maize- and soyabean meal-based diet, according to the study of "Dietary L-arginine supplementation enhances intestinal development and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in weanling piglets" by Yao K, Guan S, Li T, Huang R, Wu G, Ruan Z, Yin Y.(e)

6. Etc.

B. Health Benefits according to the concentration
1. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine or thiamin)
With the concentration of 25% in one cup of corn, corn may be beneficial in preventing and treating Diabetes and Heart Disease as vitamin B1 analog benfotiamine (BFT) improved cardiac perfusion and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis. In hearts of untreated diabetic mice, the expression and activity of Akt/Pim-1 signaling declined along with O-N-acetylglucosamine modification of Akt, inhibition of pentose phosphate pathway, activation of oxidative stress, and accumulation of glycation end products, according to the study of "Vitamin B1 analog benfotiamine prevents diabetes-induced diastolic dysfunction and heart failure through Akt/Pim-1-mediated survival pathway" by Katare RG, Caporali A, Oikawa A, Meloni M, Emanueli C, Madeddu P.(1)

2. Folate
In the investigation of the prevalence and multifactorial etiology of anemia among Indian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and its effect onanemia, found that Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia and anemia of inflammation, is highly prevalent among children with HIV infection. Micronutrient supplements (iron and, folate) combined with ART(antiretroviral therapy) improved anemia in HIV-infected children, according to "The prevalence and etiology of anemia among HIV-infected children in India" by Shet A, Arumugam K, Rajagopalan N, Dinakar C, Krishnamurthy S, Mehta S, Shet AS.(2)

3. Dietary fibers
Daily intake of right amount of fibers can prvent and treat
a. Diabetes, as Increased consumption of vegetables, whole grains, and soluble and insoluble fiber is associated with improved glucose metabolism in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis were more evident in participants following a plant-based diet compared with other commonly used diets, according to the study of "Efficacy of high-fiber diets in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus" by Wolfram T, Ismail-Beigi F.(3)

b. Cholesterol and cardivascular diseases, as the soluble fiber content of legumes and vegetables has also been shown to decrease LDL-C. Current investigations continue to explore this area in depth and examine potential synergies between dietary fiber and other phytochemicals that may lower cholesterol, according to the study of "Effects of soluble dietary fiber on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease risk" by Bazzano LA.(4)

4. Vitamin C
In the evaluation of pulmonary dysfunction. and it effects on pulmonary dysfunction found that At present, evidence from randomised-controlled trials is insufficient to recommend a specific role for vitamin C in the treatment of asthma. Further methodologically strong and large-scale randomised controlled trials are needed in order to address the question of the effectiveness of vitamin C in children with asthma but some outcome data showed effectiveness on lung function, symptom scores, IgE levels and inhaled steroid use. One small study showed a significant difference in % drop in FEV1 post-exercise, according to the study of "Vitamin C supplementation for asthma" by Kaur B, Rowe BH, Arnold E.(5)

5. Etc.

C. Other health benefits
1. L-Arginine
L-Arginine besides is a basic component in all cells and the building blocks of protein, it also
is important for nitric oxide synthesis that helps the blood vessel to relax and increases blood flow through out the body, including the reprodtive oragans and heart , thus reducing the risk of infertility (according to the study of "[Effect of L-arginine and polyamines on sperm motility].
[Article in Spanish]" byMéndez JD, Hernández MP., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8359705), researchers indicated that It has been suggested that these polyamines have important role as initiators in the spermatic motility processes. Some practical uses for L-arginine are proposed) and heart diseases (according to the study of "Therapeutic role of L-arginine on free radical scavenging system in ischemic heart diseases" by Tripathi P, Misra MK., Posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20361713) researchers concluded that The present study demonstrates that L-arginine administration may be beneficial to patients with myocardial ischemic disorders, such as acute myocardial infarction and acute angina

2. Threonine
As an essential amino acid, threonine not only helps to reduce the liver fat, but also enhances the balancing of immune system in terms of antibody production to protect from infection and inflammation caused by wound or cut, according to the article of Threonine posted in healthvitaminsguide.com (http://www.healthvitaminsguide.com/aminoacids/threonine.htm)

3. Lysine
Beside promoting bone growth and development by enhancing the body in absorption of calcium (according to the stdy of "Increased metabolism of bone collagen in post-menopausal female osteoporotic femoral heads" Mansell JP, Bailey AJ., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12565712) it also helps to build muscle protein and repair tissues, if used combination with vitamin C. (according to the study of "Extracellular matrix-mediated control of aortic smooth muscle cell growth and migration by a combination of ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, and catechins" by Ivanov V, Ivanova S, Roomi MW, Kalinovsky T, Niedzwiecki A, Rath M., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18030064)

4. Methionine
Beside helping to helps break down the fatty acids to prevent plague clotting up the arterial walls, it also promotes the immune function in fighting against the forming of free radicals and normalize the body metabolism and growth, according to the study of "Methioninase: a therapeutic for diseases related to altered methionine metabolism and transmethylation: cancer, heart disease, obesity, aging, and Parkinson's disease" by Hoffman RM, posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9234067), researchers wrote that Most importantly, we review and hypothesize how the developing therapeutic recombination methioninase (rMETase) can be utilized to cure or prevent all of these diseases.

5. Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine is not said to be effective in treating chronic pain (according to the article of "Analgesic effectiveness of D-phenylalanine in chronic pain patients" by Walsh NE, Ramamurthy S, Schoenfeld L, Hoffman J.posted in PubMed (but also prevents the dvelopment of depression., according to the study of "Precursor control of neurotransmitter synthesis" by Wurtman RJ, Hefti F, Melamed E., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6115400)

6. Etc.

Side effect
1. Since it is grow for commercial profit corn may be genetic modifying, and the side effects are still unknown
2. Etc.

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Sources

(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22082063
(b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17227056
(c) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21931818
(d) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900035
(e) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219670
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20107192
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22009132
(3)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713332

(4)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18937894
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19160185

Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Polymyalagia Arthritis (Rheumatica): The Diagnosis

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

Polymyalagia Arthritis (Rheumatica)

Polymalagia Arthritis is defined as a condition a common inflammatory rheumatic disease which causes pain, stiffness and tenderness in large muscles, including muscles shoulders and pelvic girdle as a result of the presence of a synovitis in proximal joints and periarticular structures.

The Diagnosis

There is no specific test to diagnose polymyalgia rheumatica. If you are over age of 60 with some of the symptoms mentioned above without joint swelling, Joint tenderness, decreased range of motion in joints, Visible joint damage, etc., you may be already on the early onset of Polymyalgia Rheumatica(PMR)
Dr. Loeslie V said, ..." diagnosis of rheumatologic disorders in the elderly is often complicated " (due to) "clinician’s inability to differentiate among similar manifestations of rheumatologic disorders, the presence of comorbid conditions, and symptoms attributed simply to aging"(76).

1. Blood test
a. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is the blood test to exam the red blood cells in a test tube. he higher the ESR value is an indication of inflammation. Requisite indication of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)>40 mm/h is considered an important for the diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)(78). Error reading may occur, normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) reading has found to presence to approximately one-fifth of all PMR patients, more commonly in men(77). A patient with PMR with an ESR lower than 40 mm/h is rare but has happened to men of that represent a clinically less severe than the classic form of PMR(78).

b. C-reactive protein (CRP)
Blood test measures the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) produced by the liver in response to an injury or infection and people with polymyalgia rheumatic.Patient with PMR are associated to elevation of levels of both erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)(79).

c. Blood test for thrombocytes
Patient with polymyalgia rheumatica have an unusually high number of thrombocytosis. On the other hand, People with anemic polymyalgia rheumatica have a lower number of red blood cells than normal. The associated of thrombocytosis acted as an inflammation parameter to rheumatic diseases such as Rheumatic Polymyalgia is found to be correlated to disease activity(81)

d. Rheumatoid factor (RF)
RF is an antibody, a protein made by the immune system presented in the blood of people with rheumatoid arthritis, but not in the blood of people with polymyalgia rheumatica(82).

2. Biopsy
Polymyalgia rheumatica is often associated with giant cell arteritis with biopsy by taking a small sample from the scalp artery in the emporal artery and examined under a microscope in a laboratory(83). The biopsy would be helpful to rule the presence of giant cell arteritis through observation of abnormal cells in the artery walls

The Southend University Hospital diagnosed criteria of PMR include "patients ≥50 years old presenting with bilateral shoulder pain, not better explained by an alternative pathology, can be classified as having PMR in the presence of morning stiffness >45 minutes, elevated C-reactive protein and/or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and new hip pain"(80).

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Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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REFERENCES

(76) Pain in the elderly: polymyalgia rheumatica by Loeslie V1.(PubMed)
(77) Polymyalgia rheumatica in patients with a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate by Helfgott SM1, Kieval RI.(PubMed)
(78) Polymyalgia rheumatica without significantly increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. A more benign syndrome by González-Gay MA1, Rodríguez-Valverde V, Blanco R, Fernández-Sueiro JL, Armona J, Figueroa M, Martínez-Taboada VM.(PubMed)
(79) Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica by Nothnagl T1, Leeb BF.(PubMed)
(80) 2012 Provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative by Dasgupta B1, Cimmino MA, Kremers HM, Schmidt WA, Schirmer M, Salvarani C, Bachta A, Dejaco C, Duftner C, Jensen HS, Duhaut P, Poór G, Kaposi NP,Mandl P, Balint PV, Schmidt Z, Iagnocco A, Nannini C, Cantini F, Macchioni P, Pipitone N, Del Amo M, Espígol-Frigolé G, Cid MC, Martínez-Taboada VM,Nordborg E, Direskeneli H, Aydin SZ, Ahmed K, Hazleman B, Silverman B, Pease C, Wakefield RJ, Luqmani R, Abril A, Michet CJ, Marcus R, Gonter NJ, Maz M,Carter RE, Crowson CS, Matteson EL.(PubMed)

Most common Diseases Free and Longevity of 50 plus - Turmeric Part A By Phytochemicals in Foods

Over the years of research, 4 foods appeared mostly in medical studies in preventing and treating diseases, are Green Tea, Grape seed and skin, Turmeric and Organic Soy(Not for Western Women). All Right Reserved.

III. Turmeric
Turmeric, principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice, a rhizomatousherbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, native totropical South Asia, according to "Effects of different drying methods on the antioxidant properties of leaves and tea of ginger species" by E.W.C. Chan, Y.Y. Lim, S.K. Wong, K.K. Lim, S.P. Tan, F.S. Lianto and M.Y. Yong, posted in Science Direct. It has been used in traditional herbal medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent and to treat gastrointestinal symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome and other digestive disorders. Curcumin is a phytochemical found abundant in the plant. In acidic solutions (pH <7.4) it turns yellow, whereas in basic (pH > 8.6) solutions it turns bright red.

A. By Phytochemicals in Foods
1. Breast cancer
In a study of `Curcumin decreases survival of Hep3B liver and MCF-7 breast cancer cells: the role of HIF.` by Ströfer M, Jelkmann W, Depping R. (Source from Department of Physiology, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany. troefer@physio.uni-luebeck.de) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that effects of curcumin on cell growth and survival factor expression suggest its potential benefit in the treatment of cancer without a direct radiosensitizing influence of curcumin on these cells.

2. Cancers and Alzheimer's disease and Anti-inflammatory agent
a. Cancers
According to the study of `Induction of apoptosis by curcumin and its implications for cancer therapy.` by Karunagaran D, Rashmi R, Kumar TR. (Cancer Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 014, India.dkarunagaran@hotmail.com), posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, reseachers found that this review describes the mechanisms of curcumin-induced apoptosis currently known, and suggests several potential strategies that include down-regulation of antiapoptotic proteins by antisense oligonucleotides, use of proapoptotic peptides and combination therapy, and other novel approaches against chemoresistant tumors. Several factors including pharmacological safety, scope for improvement of structure and function of curcumin and its ability to attack multiple targets are in favor of curcumin being developed as a drug for prevention and therapy of various cancers.

In an article of `Don't Go Easy on Turmeric: It Prevents and Cures Cancer` by By VIJI SUNDARAM, India-West Staff Reporter(WEST PUBLICATIONS(Copyright India-West, July 15, 2005, www.indiawest.com), receptor wrote that Dr. Bharat Aggarwal, who headed the 12-member team of researchers at UT's M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, told India-West in a telephone interview earlier this week that his clinical research has made available not only "the master switch to turn off cancer, but also a cure for it. It was already known that curcumin can prevent cancer," Aggarwal said. "Now it can also be used to cure cancer." And, he added: "We are providing evidence that curcumin can work on at least one dozen cancers."Because of turmeric's extensive use in foods in India and Pakistan, the incidence of cancer, especially breast, colon, prostate and lung, is a lot less in those countries, Aggarwal said. And because south Indians use turmeric more widely than north Indians, "the prevalence of cancer is less among them than among north Indians," he said.2. Alzheimer's disease
According to Aggarwal, the team determined that curcumin is more effective in inhibiting formation of the protein fragments than many other drugs being tested to treat Alzheimer's. The prevalence of the disease among older adults in India is 4.4 times less than in the U.S., suggesting that many Indians might be benefiting from having turmeric as a dietary staple.
In other study of `NSAID and antioxidant prevention of Alzheimer's disease: lessons from in vitro and animal models.`by Cole GM, Morihara T, Lim GP, Yang F, Begum A, Frautschy SA. (Source from Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Veterans Administration Medical Center, North Hills, CA 91343, USA. gmcole@ucla.edu) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, reseachers found that the unconventional NSAID/antioxidant curcumin was effective, lowering oxidative damage, cognitive deficits, synaptic marker loss, and amyloid deposition. Curcumin proved to be immunomodulatory, simultaneously inhibiting cytokine and microglial activation indices related to neurotoxicity, but increasing an index of phagocytosis. Curcumin directly targeted Abeta and was also effective in other models, warranting further preclinical and clinical exploration.

3. Anti-inflammatory agent
According to the study of evaluation of anti-inflammatory property of curcumin (diferuloyl methane) in patients with postoperative inflammation. by Satoskar RR, Shah SJ, Shenoy SG., poated in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that In this model of postoperative inflammation, the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin (diferuloyl methane) was investigated in comparison with phenylbutazone and placebo. Phenylbutazone and curcumin produced a better anti-inflammatory response than placebo.

4. Antioxidants
In a study of `Protective Role of Curcumin Against Oxidative Stress,Immunosuppressive and Cytotoxic Effects of Lead Exposure` by Mahmoud El-sherbiny, Azza Araffa, Mona Mantawy and Hany M. Hassan (Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre - Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Immunology Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute (ARRI), Giza, Egypt), posted in World Applied Sciences Journal 12 (10): 1832-1838, 2011, researchers found that
ground, curcumin's benefits on tumorigenesis are thought to be mediated by its antiinflammatory activity; however, these effects have not been well characterized in a mouse model of colon cancer. Briefly, curcumin is efficacious for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis in rats and the action mechanism may be associated with its decreasing effect on the proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-alpha in the blood and tissues. Curcumin has protective effect on DNA of pulmonary cells. There was direct evidence for an involvement of curcumin in reducing arsenic and lead induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice by virtue of its antioxidant potential and trapping of free radicals. The current investigation concluded that curcumin has protective role against cytotoxic, immunosuppressive , oxidative and immunosuppressive profile that perform due to lead acetate exposure.

5. Amyloidosis
In a study of `Curcumin inhibits formation of amyloid beta oligomers and fibrils, binds plaques, and reduces amyloid in vivo.`by Yang F, Lim GP, Begum AN, Ubeda OJ, Simmons MR, Ambegaokar SS, Chen PP, Kayed R, Glabe CG, Frautschy SA, Cole GM. (Source from Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that curcumin labeled plaques and reduced amyloid levels and plaque burden. Hence, curcumin directly binds small beta-amyloid species to block aggregation and fibril formation in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest that low dose curcumin effectively disaggregates Abeta as well as prevents fibril and oligomer formation, supporting the rationale for curcumin use in clinical trials preventing or treating AD.

6. Chronic anterior uveitis
In a study of `Efficacy of curcumin in the management of chronic anterior uveitis.`by Lal B, Kapoor AK, Asthana OP, Agrawal PK, Prasad R, Kumar P, Srimal RC. (Source from Department of Ophthalmology, K.G. Medical College, Lucknow, India.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that the efficacy of curcumin and recurrences following treatment are comparable to corticosteroid therapy which is presently the only available standard treatment for this disease. The lack of side effects with curcumin is its greatest advantage compared with corticosteroids. A double blind multi-centric clinical trial with this drug in CAU is highly desirable to further validate the results of the present study.

7. Improve Learning and Memory Ability
According to the researcher of `Curcumin improves learning and memory ability and its neuroprotective mechanism in mice.`by Pan R, Qiu S, Lu DX, Dong J.(Source from Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, the result of the study indicated that curcumin significantly improved the memory ability of AD mice in the step-through test, as indicated by the reduced number of step-through errors (P < 0.05) and prolonged step-through latency (P < 0.05). Curcumin also attenuated the neuropathological changes in the hippocampus and inhibited apoptosis accompanied by an increase in Bcl-2 level (P < 0.05), but the activity of Bax did not change (P > 0.05). AlCl(3) significantly reduced the viability of PC12 cells (P < 0.01). Curcumin increased cell viability in the presence of AlCl(3) (P < 0.01). The rate of apoptosis decreased significantly in the curcumin group (P < 0.05) when measured by flow cytometric analysis. Curcumin protected cells by increasing Bcl-2 level (P < 0.05), but the level of Bax did not change (P > 0.05)., researchers conclude that this study demonstrates that curcumin improves the memory ability of AD mice and inhibits apoptosis in cultured PC12 cells induced by AlCl(3). Its mechanism may involve enhancing the level of Bcl-2.

8. Gall-bladder function
In a study of `The effect of curcumin and placebo on human gall-bladder function: an ultrasound study.`by Rasyid A, Lelo A. ( from Source Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.) posted in posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The fasting gall-bladder volumes of 15.74 +/- 4.29 mL on curcumin and 15.98 +/- 4.08 mL on placebo were similar (P > 0.20). The gall-bladder volume was reduced within the period after curcumin administration. The percentage of gall-bladder volume reduction at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 h after 20 mg curcumin administration were 11.8 +/- 6.9, 16.8 +/- 7.4, 22.0 +/- 8.5 and 29. 3 +/- 8.3%, respectively, which was statistically significant compared to placebo.

9. Eicosanoidand Blood Platelets
In a study of `Curcumin, a major component of food spice turmeric (Curcuma longa) inhibits aggregation and alters eicosanoid metabolism in human blood platelets.`by Srivastava KC, Bordia A, Verma SK. (Source from Department of Environmental Medicine, Odense University Denmark.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that this compound inhibited thromboxane B2 (TXB2) production from exogenous [14C] arachidonate in washed platelets with a concomitant increase in the formation of 12-lipoxygenase products. Moreover, curcumin inhibited the incorporation of [14C]AA into platelet phospholipids and inhibited the deacylation of AA-labelled phospholipids (liberation of free AA) on stimulation with calcium ionophore A23187. Curcumin's anti-inflammatory property may, in part, be explained by its effects on eicosanoid biosynthesis.

10. Cellular Processing
According to the research of `Evidence against the rescue of defective DeltaF508-CFTR cellular processing by curcumin in cell culture and mouse models.`by Song Y, Sonawane ND, Salinas D, Qian L, Pedemonte N, Galietta LJ, Verkman AS.(Source from Department of Medicine and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. Copyright 2004 American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that assay of serum curcumin by ethyl acetate extraction followed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry indicated a maximum serum concentration of 60 nm, well below that of 5-15 microm, where cellular effects by sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump inhibition are proposed to occur. Our results do not support further evaluation of curcumin for cystic fibrosis therapy.

11. Chemopreventative blocking agents
In a study of Effect of the beta-diketones diferuloylmethane (curcumin) and dibenzoylmethane on rat mammary DNA adducts and tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene.

Singletary K, MacDonald C, Iovinelli M, Fisher C, Wallig M. by (Source from Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana 61801, USA.)
posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, reseachers found that Female rats provided diets supplemented with dibenzoylmethane at 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0% for 14 days prior to dosing with DMBA exhibited a significant decrease in mammary tumor development, compared with controls. However, tumor development for animals fed diets containing 1.0% curcumin was not different from that of controls. Therefore, dibenzoylmethane, and possibly other structurally-related beta-diketones, warrant examination as breast cancer chemopreventative blocking agents.

12. Lymphomas/Leukemias
In a study of `Effect of dietary curcumin and dibenzoylmethane on formation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary tumors and lymphomas/leukemias in Sencar mice.`by Huang MT, Lou YR, Xie JG, Ma W, Lu YP, Yen P, Zhu BT, Newmark H, Ho CT. (Source from Laboratory for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854-8020, USA.) US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that the incidence of lymphomas/leukemias was completely inhibited by 1% DBM diet. In contrast, feeding 2% curcumin diet had little or no effect on the incidence of mammary tumors, and the incidence of lymphomas/leukemias was reduced by 53%.

13. Angiogenesis InhibitorAccording to the study of `Curcumin as an inhibitor of angiogenesis.`by Bhandarkar SS, Arbiser JL.(Source from Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ssbhand@emory.edu) posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that Curcumin shows a dose-dependent inhibition on tumor necrosis factor, a versatile cytokine, which has its effect on angiogenesis through the signal transduction pathways, expression of proangiogenic factors, and cell adhesion molecules. Curcumin's effect on the overall process of angiogenesis compounds its enormous potential as an antiangiogenic drug.

14. Perisinusoidal Cells (Hepatic Stellate Cell (HSC))
In a study of `De novo synthesis of glutathione is a prerequisite for curcumin to inhibit hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation.`by Zheng S, Yumei F, Chen A.(Source from Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, China.) posted in PubMed, researchers found that
De novo synthesis of GSH is a prerequisite for curcumin to inhibit HSC activation. These results provide novel insights into the mechanisms of curcumin as an antifibrogenic candidate in the prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis.

15. Liver Disease
According to the study of `Curcumin prevents alcohol-induced liver disease in rats by inhibiting the expression of NF-kappa B-dependent genes.`by Nanji AA, Jokelainen K, Tipoe GL, Rahemtulla A, Thomas P, Dannenberg AJ. (Source from Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283, USA. amin.nanji@uphs.upenn.edu) posed in PubMed, researchers found that
Treatment with curcumin prevented both the pathological and biochemical changes induced by alcohol. Because endotoxin and the Kupffer cell are implicated in the pathogenesis of ALD, we investigated whether curcumin suppressed the stimulatory effects of endotoxin in isolated Kupffer cells. Curcumin blocked endotoxin-mediated activation of NF-kappaB and suppressed the expression of cytokines, chemokines, COX-2, and iNOS in Kupffer cells. Thus curcumin prevents experimental ALD, in part by suppressing induction of NF-kappaB-dependent genes.

Side effects
1. Overdose may cause gastrointestinal discomfort such as nausea and diarrhea and liver damage.
2. Topical use may be allergic to skin such irritation to certain peoples
3. Do not use the herb in new born, children or if you are pregnant and breast feeding without approval from the related field specialist.
4. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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Most Common Diseases of 50plus: Diabetes(The Recipes) --- Everyday Vinaigrette

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

If you are diabetic, the chance that you are overweight and this increase the
chance of high cholesterol and high blood pressure. So, to control the
glucose in your blood stream, you might want to try high protein diet
together with fighting cholesterol and high blood pressure natural remedies.

Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

The recipe of Everyday Vinaigrette

Recipe contributed by Delicious dishes for diabetes by Robin Ellis, Published by Skyhorse publishing. Inc. You can view its website at www.skyhorsepublishing.com

1 clove of garlic- pulped in a mortar with a pinch of salt
1 tsbp balsamic vinegar
1 tsp Dijon mustard
6 tbsp olive oil

1. Mix the firs three ingredients thoroughly
2. Add the olive oil and whisk to viscous delight.

Or try this alternative:

3 tbsp olive oil
1 tbsp balsamic vinegar
juice of 1/2 lemon
salt
no mustard
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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Most common Diseases of 50plus: The Obesity' Research and Studies of Weight Loss and Moderate-Protein Diet

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

The research and study of Weight Loss and Moderate-Protein Diet

In a study of comparing changes in body weight and composition and blood lipids after short-term weight loss (4 mo) followed by weight maintenance (8 mo) using moderate PRO or conventional high-carbohydrate (CHO) diets conducted by University of Illinois, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (1) in Participants (age = 45.4 +/- 1.2 y; BMI = 32.6 +/- 0.8 kg/m(2); n = 130) found that Using a compliance criterion of participants attaining >10% weight loss, the PRO group had more participants (31 vs. 21%) lose more weight and the PRO diet was more effective for FM loss and body composition improvement during initial weight loss and long-term maintenance and produced sustained reductions in TAG and increases in HDL-C compared with the CHO diet.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

(1) "A moderate-protein diet produces sustained weight loss and long-term changes in body composition and blood lipids in obese adults." by Layman DK, Evans EM, Erickson D, Seyler J, Weber J, Bagshaw D, Griel A, Psota T, Kris-Etherton P, Posted in PubMed

Most common Diseases Free and Longevity of 50 plus - Grape Seeds and Skins Part D ByFoods to prevent and treat cancers

Grape is a woody vines of the genus Vitis, belong to the family Vitaceae, native to southern Turkey.
D. By Foods to prevent and treat cancers
1. Brain and Spinal Cord Cancer
Resveratrol is a type of natural phenol found abundantly in Grapes, red wine, berries and peanuts of the group of Stilbenoids, produced naturally by many plants when under attack by bacteria or fungi. It has been studied by many researchers for it health benefits in treating chronic diaereses, including cancer, diabetes, heart disease, etc. Resveratrol is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects on a variety of cancer cells in vitro and in various animal models. However, the effect(s) of resveratrol in vivo on humans are still controversial. This study discusses current knowledge with regard to the effects of resveratrol in relation to its potential as a chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic molecule against human gliomas(1).

2. Esophageal cancer
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a polyphenol found in the skin of the grape and red wine, has been found to have chemopreventitive effects in some carcinogenic models. In the observation to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on the transition from reflux esophagitis to Barrett's metaplasia to dysplasia toesophageal adenocarcinoma in an established rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent esophagoduodenal anastomosis as per institutional approved protocol, showed that morphological characteristics consistent with decreased esophagitis and incidences of metaplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma were seen on histopathology in the resveratrol group. Resveratrol resulted in a small diminution of the carcinogenic effects and progression to metaplasia, and further human studies are designed to explore the potential anticarcinogenic mechanism(2).

3. Cervical Cancer
Resveratrol, a polyphenol found a abundantly in skins of grapes and red wine has been shown to significantly alter the cellular physiology of tumor cells, as well as block the process of initiation and progression, some studies found that tumor cells may exhibit changes in the cellular response to IR following exposure toresveratrol, a naturally occurring compound that inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) activity. Thus, clonogenic cell survival assays were performed using irradiated HeLa and SiHa cells pretreated with resveratrol prior to IR exposure, and resulted in enhanced tumor cell killing by IR in a dose-dependent manner(3).

4. Breast cancer
In study of red wine intake and its beneficial health effects on the proliferation of hormone-dependent breast cancer cells found that the estrogenic activity of PIC(piceatannol) and MYR(myricetin) might be considered at least as a potential factor in the association of red wine intake and breast tumors, particularly in postmenopausal women, according to "The red wine phenolics piceatannol andmyricetin act as agonists for estrogen receptor alpha in human breast cancercells" by Maggiolini M, Recchia AG, Bonofiglio D, Catalano S, Vivacqua A, Carpino A, Rago V, Rossi R, Andò S.(4)

5. Hodgkin's lymphoma
In the study to explore the effect of resveratrol on B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in rats with oxygen-induced retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), found that Resveratrol can significantly inhibit expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF in the retina of neonatal rats with oxygen-induced ROP. It may provide a protective effect on retinal neovascular diseases, including ROP(5).

6. Renal cell carcinoma (Kidney cancer/renal cells)
Resveratrol (Res) is a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in skins and seed of grape wine, nuts, peanuts, etc. has potential to be used in treating kidney cancer. In the study to investigated the effects of Res on the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and on cell proliferation in human renal cancer (786-0) cells, suggested that Res inhibited the expression of the VEGF gene, and its inhibitory effect increased according to the concentration and treatment time. These results indicate that Res significantly inhibits the proliferation of 786-0 cells and exerts an antitumor effect by suppressing the expression of the VEGF gene(6).

7. Ovarian cancer
Myricetin is a flavonol, belong to the flavonoid in Flavonoids (polyphenols), found in many grapes, berries, etc.. In the research of inverse associations with certain flavonoids or flavonoid subclasses (myricetin, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin) and ovarian cancer risk, found that In analyses of each individual flavonoid, only intake of apigenin was associated with a borderline significant decrease in risk (RR, highest vs. lowest quintile = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.59-1.06; p-trend = 0.26), and this association was significant after adjustment for intake of the other 4 individual flavonoids (comparable RR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53-0.98; p-trend = 0.09), according to "Flavonoid intake and ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study" by Gates MA, Vitonis AF, Tworoger SS, Rosner B, Titus-Ernstoff L, Hankinson SE, Cramer DW.(7)

8. Skin cancer
in the study to evaluate the chemopreventive effects of resveratrol against UVB radiation-mediated skin tumorigenesis in the SKH-1 hairless mouse model, suggests that resveratrol enhanced apoptosis in UVB-exposure-mediated skintumors. Our study, for the first time, demonstrated that 1) resveratrol imparts strong chemopreventive effects against UVB exposure-mediated skincarcinogenesis (relevant to human skin cancers), and 2) the chemopreventive effects of resveratrol may, at least in part, be mediated via modulations in Survivin and other associated events. On the basis of our work, it is conceivable to designresveratrol-containing emollient or patch, as well as sunscreen and skin-care products for prevention of skin cancer and other conditions, which are believed to be caused by UV radiation(8).

9. Prostate cancers
Myricetin, a flavonol, belong to the flavonoid in Flavonoids (polyphenols), found in many grapes, berries, fruits, etc has been used as antioxidant to lower cholesterol, treat certain types of cancer, etc.
In the selection of several potential uPA inhibitors (antipain, leupeptin, folic acid, rosmarinic acid, lavendustin A, fisetin, myricetin, tolfenamic acid) and examination of theirs effects in prostate cancer found that a proper diet rich in uPA-inhibiting nutraceuticals might support the prevention of prostrate cancer and be a supportive tool in prostate cancer treatment, according to "Nutraceutical inhibitors of urokinase: potential applications in prostate cancer prevention and treatment" by Jankun J, Selman SH, Aniola J, Skrzypczak-Jankun E.(9)

10. Pancreatic cancer
Myricetin, a flavonol, belong to the flavonoid in Flavonoids (polyphenols), found in many grapes, berries, etc. has been used as antioxidant to lower cholesterol, treat certain types of cancer, etc. In the observation of the flavonoid myricetin and its effect on metastatic pancreatic cancer cell lines, found that myricetin resulted in tumor regression and decreased metastatic spread. Importantly, myricetin was non-toxic, both in vitro and in vivo, underscoring its use as a therapeutic agent against pancreatic cancer, according to the study of "Myricetin induces pancreatic cancer cell death via the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway" by Phillips PA, Sangwan V, Borja-Cacho D, Dudeja V, Vickers SM, Saluja AK.(10)

11. Multiple myeloma (Myeloma)
In the study to investigate the effect of Resveratrol trans-3, 4', 5,-trihydroxystilbene, insuppressing the multiple myeloma (MM), found thatResveratrol activated IRE1α as evidenced by XBP1 messenger RNA splicing and phosphorylation of both IRE1α and its downstream kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase in MM cells. These responses were associated with resveratrol-induced cytotoxicity of MM cells. Resveratrol selectively suppressed the transcriptional activity of XBP1s while it stimulated gene expression of the molecules that are regulated by the non-IRE1/XBP1 axis of the ER stress response. Luciferase assays indicated that resveratrol suppressed the transcriptional activity of XBP1s through sirtuin 1, a downstream molecular target of resveratrol. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies revealed that resveratrol decreased the DNA binding capacity of XBP1 and increased the enrichment of sirtuin 1 at the XBP1 binding region in the XBP1 promoter(11).

12. Oral cancer
Resveratrol and quercetin are polyphenols which have been found in abundantly in significant amounts in green vegetables, citrus fruits and red grape wines. Quercetin exhibited a biphasic effect, stimulation at 1 and 10 microM, and minimal inhibition at 100 microM in cell growth and DNA synthesis. Combining 50 microM of resveratrol with 10, 25 and 50 microM of quercetin resulted in a gradual and significant increase in the inhibitory effect of quercetin on cell growth and DNA synthesis(12).

13. Melanoma skin cancer
In the examined the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on melanomacancer cell migration and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects using highly metastasis-specific human melanoma cell lines, A375 and Hs294t, indicated that GSPs have the ability to inhibit melanoma cell invasion/migration by targeting the endogenous expression of COX-2 and reversing the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(13).

14. Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Resveratrol is a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in skins and seed of grape wine, etc. Resveratrol (trans-3,4,5-trihydroxystilbene) has received attention for its potential chemopreventive and antitumor effects in experimental systems. Dr. Jazirehi AR and Dr. Bonavida B. at the University of California at Los Angeles, in the study investigated whether resveratrol can sensitize NHL and MM cell lines to paclitaxel-mediated apoptosis and to delineate the underlying molecular mechanism of sensitization. Both resveratrol and paclitaxel negatively modulated tumor cell growth by arresting the cells at the G(2)-M phase of the cell cycle, suggested that Resveratrol selectively down-regulated the expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-x(L) and myeloid cell differentiation factor-1 (Mcl-1) and up-regulated the expression of proapoptotic proteins Bax and apoptosis protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1)(14).

15. Lung cancer
In the examination of study the mechanism of myricetin and its effect on the HepG-2 cell line found that Myricetin significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of HepG-2 in a dose-dependent manner, which is accompanied with G2/M and S phase arrest. In addition, myricetin also increases the activation of caspase 3,9 and results in a depolarization and delta psi m collapse in a dose-dependent manner, according to "[Studies on mechanism ofmyricetin-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cells].[Article in Chinese]" by Zhang X, Ling Y, Yu H, Ji Y.(15)

16. Larynx Cancer or Laryngeal Cancer
Flavonoids found abundantly in wine have exerted the potential effect in preventing and treating Laryngeal Cancer. Dr. Garavello W and the research team at the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, indicated that Significant inverse relations were found for the highest versus the lowest quintile of intake for flavan-3-ols (OR = 0.64), flavanones (OR = 0.60), flavonols (OR = 0.32) and total flavonoids (OR = 0.60), although the overall trends in risk were significant only forflavanones and flavonols. No consistent associations were observed for isoflavones, anthocyanidins and flavones. The estimates did not differ substantially across strata of alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, body mass index and education, and tended to persist even after controlling for vegetable and fruit intake(16).

17. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Overdose may cause headache, itchy scalp, dizziness, and nausea, abdominal pain etc.
2. Do not take the herbs if you have high blood pressure
3. Grape seed extract may interact with other medication, such blood thinner, NSAID painkiller, etc.
4. Do not take the herb in children or if you are pregnant without approval of the related field specialist.
5. etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Phytochemicals In Foods: The effects of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM

Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituents, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color. Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medicine for treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage and kale, etc.

Health Benefits
1. Antiinflammatory and chemopreventive effects on Skin
In the examination of the effects of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) on antiinflammatory and antitumor promotion activity in mouse skin and explored the relevant mechanism, indicated that Several lead compounds, such as genistein (from soybeans), lycopene (from tomatoes), brassinin (from cruciferous vegetables), sulforaphane (from asparagus), indole-3-carbinol (from broccoli), and resveratrol (from grapes and peanuts) are in preclinical or clinical trials for cancerchemoprevention. Phytochemicals have great potential in cancer prevention because of their safety, low cost, and oral bioavailability. In this review, we discuss potential natural cancer preventive compounds and their mechanisms of action, according to "3,3'-diindolylmethane suppresses 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced inflammation and tumor promotion in mouse skin via the downregulation of inflammatory mediators" by Kim EJ, Park H, Kim J, Park JH.(1)

2. Antileukemic Activity
In the study of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), one of the active products derived from Brassica plants, for it antitumor effects, showed that DIM significantly induced apoptosis in U937 human leukemia cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. These events were also noted in other human leukemia cells (Jurkat and HL-60) and primary human leukemia cells (AML) but not in normal bone marrow mononuclear cells. DIM-induced lethality is associated with caspases activation, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) down-regulation, p21(cip1/waf1) up-regulation, and Akt inactivation accompanied by c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Enforced activation of Akt by a constitutively active Akt construct prevented DIM-mediated caspase activation, Mcl-1 down-regulation, JNK activation, and apoptosis, according to "3, 3'-Diindolylmethane Exhibits Antileukemic Activity In Vitro and In Vivo through a Akt-Dependent Process" by Gao N, Cheng S, Budhraja A, Liu EH, Chen J, Chen D, Yang Z, Luo J, Shi X, Zhang Z.(2)

3. Cervical Cancer
In the examination of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) prevention or inhibition of the progression from cervical dysplasia to Human papilloma viral causes of cervical neoplasia (CIN), found that significant increases in IFN-γ serum concentrations that correlate with the percentage of CIN free mice in each group indicate that 1000 ppm of DIM in food may be the most effective dose for future studies. These results may eventually lead to new and effective vaccination strategies in women already infected with the human papilloma virus, according to '3,3'-Diindolylmethane Increases Serum Interferon-γ Levels in the K14-HPV16 Transgenic Mouse Model for Cervical Cancer" by Sepkovic DW, Raucci L, Stein J, Carlisle AD, Auborn K, Ksieski HB, Nyirenda T, Bradlow HL.(3)

4. Esophageal cancer
In the study of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), an active metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, and its antitumor effects in experimental animals and induction of apoptosis in various cancer cells, showed that DIM significantly inhibited the proliferation of ESCC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The percentage of G1 phase cells increased 48 h after being treated with DIM. DIM also reduced cyclin D1, cyclin E2, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and CDK 6 activities, and increased p15 and p27 levels. Additionally, DIM diminished pro-caspase-9 protein expression levels and induced increased cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase levels, accoridng to "3,3'-Diindolylmethane suppresses growth of human esophageal squamous cancer cells by G1 cell cycle arrest"by Kim SJ, Lee JS, Kim SM.(4)

5. Prostate cancer
In the stuidy of whether DIM inhibits the development of prostate cancer using the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) model, showed that DIM induced a substantial reduction in the numbers of viable cells and induced apoptosis in LNCaP and DU145 cells. DIM increased the cleavage of caspase-9, -7, -3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). DIM increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and the translocation of cytochrome c and Smac/Diablo from the mitochondria. Additionally, DIM induced increases in the levels of cleaved caspase-8, truncated Bid, Fas, and Fas ligand, and the caspase-8 inhibitor Z-IETD-FMK was shown to mitigate DIM-induced apoptosis and the cleavage of caspase-3, PARP, and Bid, according to '3,3'-Diindolylmethane inhibits prostate cancer development in the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate model" by Cho HJ, Park SY, Kim EJ, Kim JK, Park JH.(5)

6. Oral Cancer
In the investigation of the antitumor activity of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), an active metabolite of the phytochemical indole-3-carbinol (I3C), in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), showed that DIM stimulated the activation of p53 via Ser-15 phosphorylation, leading to increased expression of the BH3-only proapoptotic Bcl-2 members Puma and Noxa. Together, these changes decreased the mitochondrial threshold for apoptosis. G2/M arrest might be attributable to the suppressive effect of DIM on the expression of cyclin B1 and cdc25c. As many downstream effectors of the Akt-NF-κB pathway, including glycogen synthase kinase 3β, IκB kinase α, and cyclooxygenase-2, have been shown to promote oral tumorigenesis, the ability of DIM to inhibit this signaling axis underscores its chemopreventive potential in oral cancer, according to "The dietary phytochemical 3,3'-diindolylmethane induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma by modulating Akt-NF-κB, MAPK, and p53 signaling" by Weng JR, Bai LY, Chiu CF, Wang YC, Tsai MH.(6)

7. Ovarian cancer
In the delineation of the mechanism by which DIM suppressed the growth of SKOV3, OVCAR-3 and TOV-21G human ovarian cancer cells, found that DIM treatment also inhibited the kinase activity of ERK as observed by the down regulation of p-ELK in all the three ovarian cancer cell lines. DIM significantly suppressed the growth of ovarian tumors in vivo. Tumor growth suppressive effects of DIM in SKOV-3 tumor xenografts were associated with reduced phosphorylation of EGFR, MEK and ERK, according to "Blocking EGFR activation suppresses ovarian tumor growth in vitro and in vivo" by Kandala PK, Wright SE, Srivastava SK.(7)

8. Colon cancer
In the analyzing the expression pattern of N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 following treatment of human colonic cancer cell lines, suggested that N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 expression is enhanced by 3,3'-diindolylmethane in poorly differentiated cells and followed by induction of apoptosis. 3,3'-diindolylmethane induced apoptosis may represent a new regulator of N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 in poorly differentiated colonic cancer cells, according to "The indolic diet-derivative, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through upregulation of NDRG1" by Lerner A, Grafi-Cohen M, Napso T, Azzam N, Fares F.(8)

9. Osteosarcoma
In the investigation of the effect of the natural product 3,3'-diindolylmethane(DIM) on cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+) ](i) ) and viability in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells, found that DIM-evoked Ca(2+) entry was suppressed by nifedipine, econazole, SK&F96365 and protein kinase C modulators. In the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) , incubation with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitors thapsigargin or 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) inhibited or abolished DIM-induced [Ca(2+) ](i) rise. Incubation with DIM also inhibited thapsigargin or BHQ-induced [Ca(2+) ](i) rise. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 abolished DIM-induced [Ca(2+) ](i) rise. At concentrations of 10-50 μM, DIM killed cells in a concentration-dependent manner, according to "3,3'-Diindolylmethane Alters Ca(2+) Homeostasis and Viability in MG63 Human Osteosarcoma Cells" by Lu YC, Chen IS, Chou CT, Huang JK, Chang HT, Tsai JY, Hsu SS, Liao WC, Wang JL, Lin KL, Liu SI, Kuo CC, Ho CM, Jan CR.(9)

10. Breast cancer
in the assessment of the effects of DIM on cell-cycle regulation in both estrogen-dependent MCF-7 and estrogen receptor negative p53 mutant MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cells,
showed that DIM inhibited the breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and caused cell-cycle arrest by down-regulating protein levels of cell-cycle related kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6, as well as Cyclin B1 and Cdc25A. Meanwhile, it was revealed that Ser(124) phosphorylation of Cdc25A is primarily responsible for the DIM-induced Cdc25A degradation. Furthermore, treatment of MCF-7 cells with DIM increased miR-21 expression and down-regulated Cdc25A, resulting in an inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation, according to " 3,3'-Diindolylmethane inhibits breast cancer cell growth via miR-21-mediated Cdc25A degradation' by Jin Y.(10)

11. Thyroid cancer
In the investigation of the property of a natural dietary compound found in cruciferous vegetables, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), to target the metastatic phenotype of thyroid cancer cells through a functional estrogen receptor, found that DIM inhibits estrogen mediated increase in thyroid cell migration, adhesion and invasion, which is also supported by ER-α downregulation (siRNA) studies. Western blot and zymography analyses provided direct evidence for this DIM mediated inhibition of E(2) enhanced metastasis associated events by virtue of targeting essential proteolytic enzymes, namely MMP-2 and MMP-9, according to "Estrogen induced metastatic modulators MMP-2 and MMP-9 are targets of3,3'-diindolylmethane in thyroid cancer' by Rajoria S, Suriano R, George A, Shanmugam A, Schantz SP, Geliebter J, Tiwari RK.(11)

12. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20564344
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22363731
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22351660
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22293900
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21229607
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22290291
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22205686
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22187533
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21995587
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21761201
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21267453