Monday, June 20, 2016

Herbal therapy: Popular Herbal Hawthorn (Crataegus)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Hawthorn (Crataegus)

Hawthorn is a shrubs and trees of the genus Crataegus, belonging to the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia and North America. The herb has been used in traditional medicine to treat heart disease and symptoms of heart diseases such as irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, chest pain, hardening of the arteries, etc., circulatory disorders and respiratory illnesses.

Heath benefits
1. Hypotensive effects
In the investigation of Hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata) leaves, flowers and berries used by herbal practitioners in the UK to treat hypertension in conjunction with prescribed drugs indicated that this is the first randomised controlled trial to demonstrate a hypotensive effect of hawthorn in patients with diabetes takin, according to "Hypotensive effects of hawthorn for patients with diabetes taking prescription drugs: a randomised controlled trial" by Walker AF, Marakis G, Simpson E, Hope JL, Robinson PA, Hassanein M, Simpson HC(1)

2. Cardiac effects
In the evaluation of the potential cardiac effects of two alcohol extracts of commercially available hawthorn found that the mechanism of cardiac activity ofhawthorn is via the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and intracellular calcium concentrations are influenced, according to "A comparison of the effects of commercially availablehawthorn preparations on calcium transients of isolated cardiomyocytes" by Rodriguez ME, Poindexter BJ, Bick RJ, Dasgupta A.(2)

3. Cardiovascular disease
In the analyzing the effect of hawthorn in prevention and protection of cardiovascular disease indicated that these beneficial effects may in part be due to the presence of antioxidant flavonoid components. While a number of studies have been performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of hawthorn, an international, multicenter, prospective clinical study including a large number of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II/III heart failure patients is ongoing to test hawthorn's long-term therapeutic effects, according to "Hawthorn: potential roles in cardiovascular disease"by Chang WT, Dao J, Shao ZH.(3)

4. Chronic heart failure
In the assessment of Hawthorn extract usedas an oral treatment option for chronic heart failure, found that Ten trials including 855 patients with chronic heart failure (New York Heart Association classes I to III) provided data that were suitable for meta-analysis. For the physiologic outcome of maximal workload, treatment withhawthorn extract was more beneficial than placebo (WMD (Watt) 5.35, 95% CI 0.71 to 10.00, P < 0.02, n = 380). Exercise tolerance were significantly increased by hawthorn extract (WMD (Watt x min) 122.76, 95% CI 32.74 to 212.78, n = 98). The pressure-heart rate product, an index of cardiac oxygen consumption, also showed a beneficial decrease with hawthorn treatment (WMD (mmHg/min) -19.22, 95% CI -30.46 to -7.98, n = 264). Symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue improved significantly with hawthorn treatment as compared with placebo (WMD -5.47, 95% CI -8.68 to -2.26, n = 239), according to "Hawthorn extract for treating chronic heart failure" by Pittler MH, Guo R, Ernst E.(4)

5. Hyperlipemia
in the determination of The Yishoujiangzhi (de-blood-lipid) tablets (composed of Radix Polygori Multiflori, Rhizoma Polygonati, Fructus Lycii, Crataegus Pinnatifida and Cassia Tora) and its effect on Hyperlipemia found that in the treatment of 130 cases of hyperlipemia, achieving an effective rate of 87.0% in lowering serum cholesterol and 80.8% in lowering triglyceride, according to 'Yishou jiangzhi (de-blood-lipid) tablets in the treatment of hyperlipemia" by Guan Y, Zhao S.(5)

6. Endothelial hyperpermeability
In the identification of the hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) extract WS® 1442 and its effect on Endothelial hyperpermeability followed by edema formation Endothelial hyperpermeability indicated that WS® 1442 effectively protects against endothelial barrier dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. It specifically interacts with endothelial permeability-regulating systems by blocking the Ca(2+)/PKC/RhoA and activating the cAMP/Epac1/Rap1 pathway. As a proven safe herbal drug, WS® 1442 opens a novel pharmacological approach to treat hyperpermeability-associated diseases. This in-depth mechanistic work contributes to a better acceptance of this herbal remedy, according to "A novel approach to prevent endothelial hyperpermeability: The Crataegus extract WS® 1442 targets the cAMP/Rap1 pathway" by Bubik MF, Willer EA, Bihari P, Jürgenliemk G, Ammer H, Krombach F, Zahler S, Vollmar AM, Fürst R(6)

7. Neuroprotective effects
In the investigation of the neuroprotective effects on PC12 cells from the methanol extracts of Spatholobus suberectus, Uncaria rhynchophylla, Alpinia officinarum, Drynaria fortunei, and Crataegus pinnatifida found that The CPE, SSE, and URE presented neurogrowth effects and neuroprotective activities on H(2)O(2)-induced PC12 cell death at 0.5-5.0 μg/mL. The CPE represents a promising medicinal plant source for the treatment of H(2)O(2)-induced neurodegenerative disease, because of its useful phytochemical characteristic, according to "Phytochemical characteristics, free radical scavenging activities, and neuroprotection of five medicinal plant extracts" by Chang CL, Lin CS, Lai GH.(7)

8. Immunomodulatory effect
In the determination of sheds more light on the extract's mechanism of neuroprotection, especially its immunomodulatory effect found that Hawthornextract helped alleviate pro-inflammatory immune responses associated with I/R-induced injury, boosted IL-10 levels, and increased Foxp3-positive T(regs) in the brain, which may have aided in suppression of activated inflammatory cells. Such treatment also minimizes apoptotic cell death by influencing STAT-3 phosphorylation and Bcl-xL expression in the brain. Taken together, the immunomodulatory effect of Hawthorn extract may play a critical role in the neuroprotection observed in this MCAO-induced stroke model, according to "Immunomodulatory effect of Hawthorn extract in an experimental stroke model" by Elango C, Devaraj SN.(8)

9. Antithrombotic effects
in the investigation of Antithrombotic function of ethanol extract of Crataegusorientalis (COE) leaves found that 200 mg/kg COE lost its significance and there was a decrease in the significance values of 300 mg/kg COE (p<0.05) at 48 and 72 h. From these results, it was concluded that COE significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced mice tail thrombosis in vivo, according to "Antithrombotic effects of ethanol extract of Crataegus orientalis in the carrageenan-induced mice tail thrombosis model" by Arslan R, Bor Z, Bektas N, Meriçli AH, Ozturk Y.(9)

10. Anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective and antimicrobial activities
In the observation of the effect of hawthorn berries ethanol extract and its free-radical-scavenging, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, and antimicrobial activities found that Oral administration of investigated extract caused dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect in a model of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The obtained anti-inflammatory effect was 20.8, 23.0, and 36.3% for the extract doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively. In comparison to indomethacin, given in a dose producing 50% reduction of rat paw edema, the extract given in the highest tested dose (200 mg/kg) showed 72.4% of its activity. Gastroprotective activity of the extract was investigated using an ethanol-induced acute stress ulcer in rats with ranitidine as a reference drug. Hawthorn extract produced dose-dependent gastroprotective activity (3.8 +/- 2.1, 1.9 +/- 1.7, and 0.7 +/- 0.5 for doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively), with the efficacy comparable to that of the reference drug. Antimicrobial testing of the extract revealed its moderate bactericidal activity, especially against gram-positive bacteria, according to "Anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, free-radical-scavenging, and antimicrobial activities of hawthorn berries ethanol extract" by Tadić VM, Dobrić S, Marković GM, Dordević SM, Arsić IA, Menković NR, Stević T.(10)

11. Prevention and treatment of cataracts
In the evaluation of the anticataract potential of Crataegus pinnatifida (hawthorntree) leaves and its extract in selenite-induced cataract in vivo and antioxidant effects in vitro, found that administration of C. pinnatifida leaves extract eye drops alternately three times a day in rat pups with selenite-induced oxidative stress significantly increased serum SOD and CAT activities, and tended to reduce MDA level compared with control group. The antioxidant enzyme SOD, CAT, and GSH activities in lens showed a significant increase. These results may be applied in the future for the prevention and treatment of cataracts, according to "Prevention effect in selenite-induced cataract in vivo and antioxidative effects in vitro ofCrataegus pinnatifida leaves" by Wang T, Zhang P, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Liu H, Hu L, Gao X, Zhang D.(11)

12. Antiplasmodial activity
In the research of 4 oligomeric procyanidins of Chinese hawthorn, such as epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin (1), epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin (2), epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin (3), and epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8) (4),and theirs antiplasmodial activity and their cytotoxic potential on SK-OV-3 cancer cell lineseffects found that three procyanidins showed notable growth inhibitory activity against chloroquine-sensitive strains of P. falciparum with IC(50) values of 2.7 μM (SI values of >55.5). The compounds showed no significant cytotoxicity (IC(50) > 150 μM) toward the SK-OV-3 cancer cell line, according to "Antiplasmodial procyanidins derivatives from ChineseHawthorn" by Park YJ, Chung IM, Moon HI.(12)

13. Etc.


Side effect
1. The herb may cause headache, nausea, palpitations, etc., if you overdosed
2. Do not use hawthorn, if you are pregnant or breast feeding without approval of the related field specialist
3. Do not use the herb in Children
4. Hawthorn may interact with other medication
5. Do not use the herb, if you are taking any type of heart related medicine.
6. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer



Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16762125
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19053860
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15844828
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18254076

(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8569253
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22085704
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21845204
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21192826
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21183208
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18698794
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20596791

Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy - Popular Chinese Herbs - Chi Xiao Dou (Rice bean or Azuki bean)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Chi Xiao Dou (Rice bean or Azuki bean)

Chi Xiao Dou is also known as Rice bean or Azuki bean, the sweet, sour and neutral herb has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as diuretic agent and to treat edema, difficulty in urinary, sores, carbuncle, etc., as it resolves oedema, expels toxins, drains pus, etc., by enhancing the functions of heart and small intestine channels.

Ingredients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Fiber
3. Calcium
4. Phosphorus
5. Iron
6. Vitamin B2
7. Vitamin B3
8. Triterpene
9. Sapogenin
10. Phytosterol
11. Pigment
12. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Hypertension
In the investigation of the effects of azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed coats (ABSC), which contain polyphenols, on the vascular oxidative stress and inflammation associated with hypertension, found that the protein abundance of both iNOS and COX-2 was significantly decreased in the aorta of the ABSC-treated SHR compared with this abundance in untreated SHR. The MCP-1 and CCR2 mRNA expressions increased in untreated SHR, and these levels were significantly lower in ABSC-treated SHR and suggested that polyphenol-containing ABSC could attenuate vascular oxidative stress and inflammation during the progression of hypertension, and this may lead to an improvement in hypertension, according to “Polyphenol-containing azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed coats attenuate vascular oxidative stress and inflammation in spontaneously hypertensive rats” by Mukai Y, Sato S.(1).

 2. Anti diabetes effects
In the investigation of the effect of azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed coats (ABSC), which contain polyphenols, on the infiltration of macrophages and the progression of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, found that ABSC treatments suppress the increased number of infiltrating macrophages and MCP-1 mRNA expression, and attenuated the glomerular expansion in STZ-induced rat diabetic nephropathy, according to “Protective effect of polyphenol-containing azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed coats on the renal cortex in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats” by Sato S, Yamate J, Hori Y, Hatai A, Nozawa M, Sagai M.(2).

3. Renal interstitial fibrosis
In the investigation of the effects of azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed coats (ABSCs), which mainly contain proanthocyanidins and dietary fibers, on the infiltration of macrophages and the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis induced by cisplatin (CDDP), found that ABSC, especially RABSC, suppress the increase of infiltrating macrophages in the damaged kidney and may lead to amelioration of interstitial fibrosis. Based on the composition of ABSC, molecules such as proanthocyanidins and/or dietary fibers may be associated with the amelioration of renal damage, according to “Protective effect of dietary azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed coats against renal interstitial fibrosis of rats induced by cisplatin” by Sato S, Hori Y, Yamate J, Saito T, Kurasaki M, Hatai A.(3).

4. Hypertriglyceridemia
In the evaluation of the effects of azuki bean juice supplementation, prescribed according to a Kanpo medicine regimen, on serum lipid concentrations, found that The azuki and CA juice used in this study inhibited pancreatic lipase activity 29.2% and 56.9%, respectively, in vitro. Lipid peroxide changes, based on ANCOVA with the initial level and alpha-tocopherol changes as covariates, did not differ among the three groups. Serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) cholesterol concentrations did not change, according to “Azuki bean juice lowers serum triglyceride concentrations in healthy young women” byMaruyama C, Araki R, Kawamura M, Kondo N, Kigawa M, Kawai Y, Takanami Y, Miyashita K, Shimomitsu T.(4).

5. Antioxidant properties
In the analyzing the roma extracts from fresh soybeans, mung beans, kidney beans, and azuki beans, using simultaneous steam distillation and solvent extraction (SDE) under mild conditions (55 degrees C and 95 mmHg), found that Mung bean and soybean extracts inhibited malonaldehyde (MA) formation from cod-liver oil by 86% and 88%, respectively, at the 250 microL/mL level. Azuki and kidney bean extracts inhibited MA formation from cod-liver oil by 76% and 53%, respectively, at the 250 microL/mL level, according to “Determination of antioxidant properties of aroma extracts from various beans” by Lee KG, Mitchell AE, Shibamoto T.(5).

6. Etc.

Side Effects

1. Do not use the herb as long term diuretic agent as it may cause dehydranation
2. Do not use the herb within 100 days of snake bite (a)
3. No not Chi Xiao Dou in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without approval from the related field specialist
4. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity 
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(a) http://alternativehealing.org/chi_xiao_dou.htm
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20185287
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16115543
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15811772
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18648655
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11052738

Most Common Diseases of Men of 50Plus - Prostate Health - The Easy Way to Enhance

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Starting at age 40, the levels of the by-product prolactin of testosterone of men increases, stimulating the production of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase that causes the conversion of testosterone to gihydro-testosterones DHT triggering prostate enlargement and other problems. In this article, we will discuss how to prevent and enlarged prostate and prostate cancer with common sense approaches.

1. Reduce fat and cholesterol intake, especially saturated fats .
Study shows that if you eat more than 5 servings of red meat every week you could increase the risk of enlarged prostate and prostate cancer by 80%. By eating less of red meat and replacing them with cold water fish, you are ensured yourselves to get enough omega fatty acid that helps to improve your prostate health, reduce cholesterol levels, lower the risk of enlarged prostate as well as prostate cancer.

2. Eat foods containing more zinc (nuts- especially walnuts, pumpkin, seeds, safflower seeds and oysters).
Zinc is an essential mineral for prostate health. It helps to reduce the size of the prostate and relieve symptoms of enlarged prostate. Foods containing zinc also contain cucurbitacines, chemicals that stop testosterone from changing to stronger forms of testosterone which encourages too many prostate cells to grow. Foods that contain cucurbitacines are nuts, walnuts, pumpkin seed, and oyster.

3. Guard your prostate with green tea
Green tea contains catechins, a chemical that helps our immune system to track down tumor cells before they can do any harm to the prostate cells. Green tea may be one reason that Asian people have far fewer cases of prostate cancer than North Americans.

4. Remove all chemicals and pesticides from diet(eat organic food).
Chemicals and pesticides in the processing food is toxic to our body. Intaking high doses of these poisonous chemicals will danger our immune system as well as cause inflammation of the body including the prostate.

5. Increase consumption of plants high in the sulphurophanes
Study shows that you could reduce the risk of prostate cancer and prostate enlargement by 45% if you eat 24 or more servings of vegetables that contain high amounts of sulphurophanes such as broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts, and cabbage

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Erectile Dysfunction
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods LibraryEat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

The Obesity's Weight Loss Recipes: Coleslaw forever

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The Best Weight Loss  and Healthy Recipe attributed to Company's Coming Salads by Jean Parè

With this in the refrigerator you will never be caught without a salad. Keeps and keeps and keeps.

Large cabbage, shredded 1
Medium carrots, grated 2
Medium onion, grated 1
Vinegar 3/4 cup (175ml)
Cooking oil 1/2 cup (125ml)
Granulated sugar 11/2 cups (350ml)
Salt 1 tbsp. (15ml)
celery seed 1 tbsp. (15ml)
Combined cabbage, carrot and onion in large bowl.
Measure vinegar, cooking oil, sugar, salt and celery seed into large saucepan. bring to a boil, stirring frequently. Pour hot over cabbage mixture. Stir to mix, pressing down until vegetables wilt and are covered with brine. Cool. Store in covered container in refrigerator. let stand 1 or 2 days before eating. Keeps for weeks and weeks. Darkens a bits with age. Serve 15.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: The Stress Response and Management herbal Rhodiola

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovascular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women.
Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasingaltered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).


 The prevention and management In Herbal Medicine

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unpreventable in Western medicine. Early diagnosis and treatment may reduce risk of its complications, including infertility, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, etc.
Reduce fat intake less than 30% of total calories with a low proportion of saturated fat and high in fiber from predominantly low-glycaemic-index-carbohydrate foods for patients with PCOs(827a). Calorie intake should be distributed between several meals per day with restricted intake of snacks and drinks(828).

              The stress management herbs

Stress in a natural reaction of human fight or fight response induced by pressure due to such as an environmental condition or a stimulus. Long term stress can cause deleterious and cumulative effects on human body(1104), including emotional or cognitive problems, such as an increased risk of attentional deficit/hyperactivity, anxiety, and language delay(1103), especially for people with chronic illness, including women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOs)(1105).

                             Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea)

Rhodiola Rosea, one of the perennial plant grows in coldest region in the world, including the Arctic, is a genus Rhodiola, belongings to the family Crassulaceae, used in traditional medicine as an antiaging(1167) agent, and to treat fatigue(1168)(1169), depression(1170)(1171), anemia(1172), impotence(1173), inflammation(1174), infections(1175), nervous system disorders(1176)(1177), enhance physical endurance(1178), and increase an organism's resistance to stress(1167)(1179).etc.

Phytochemicals(1165)(1166)
1 .Salidroside
2. Sosavin
3. Rosin
4. Sosarin
5. Tyrosol
6. Lignan major compounds in the
7. Heterodontoside,
8. Viridoside
9. Mongrhoside
10. Cyanogenic glucoside rhodiocyanoside A
11. Epigallocatechin and gallate
12 . Epiga
13. Etc.

In an evaluating anti-stress effects, rhodiola rosea, exhibited positive effects on mental and physical performance under stress(1180)(1181), improved attention and cognitive function associated with its antidepressant activity(1180)(1182) and stress-protective effect of adaptogen(1181), through regulation of nitric oxide (NO) and cortisol levels(1180)(1181).
According to Gesundheitsbezirk Bozen,, rhodiola rosea active substance phenylpropanoide also processed sedative, anti-depressive(1180) and stress-modulated properties through stimulating the distribution of dopamine and serotonin(1182).
In animal model, the herb showed to display antidepressant(1181)(1182)(1184), adaptogenic(1181)(1184), anxiolytic(1184)(1186), nociceptive(1183)(1185) and locomotor activities(1186) induced by intense physical and psychological stress(1183).
In oxidative stress induced animal models, rhodiola is effective in the empowerment of performance(1187), modulation of the immune system(1187) against oxidative damage(1187).
Salidroside (SAL), an active component of Rhodiola rosea protect endothelium(1189) against H2O2-induced endothelial dysfunction(1188)(1189) and oxidative-stress-associated cardiovascular dysfunction(1189) through preventing the overactivation of oxidative stress-related downstream signaling pathways(1188).

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity 
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods LibraryEat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndromeand healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(827a) Diet and nutrition in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): pointers for nutritional management by Farshchi H, Rane A, Love A, Kennedy RL(PubMed)
(828) The optimal diet for women with polycystic ovary syndrome? by Marsh K, Brand-Miller J.(PubMed) (1106) Simultaneous Estimation of Withaferin A and Z-Guggulsterone in Marketed Formulation by RP-HPLC by Agrawal P1, Vegda R2, Laddha K2.(PubMed)
(1165) Phylogenetic and Phytochemical Characteristics of Plant Species with Adaptogenic Properties by Robyn KLein. CHAPTER 6
(1166) Phytochemical characterization of an adaptogenic preparation from Rhodiola heterodonta by Grace MH1, Yousef GG, Kurmukov AG, Raskin I, Lila MA.(PubMed)
(1167) Rhodiola: a promising anti-aging Chinese herb. by Jafari M1, Felgner JS, Bussel II, Hutchili T, Khodayari B, Rose MR, Vince-Cruz C, Mueller LD.(PubMed)
(1168) Anti-Fatigue Effects of Fermented Rhodiola rosea Extract in Mice by Kang DZ1, Hong HD2, Kim KI3, Choi SY4.(PubMed)
(1169) Rhodiola rosea for mental and physical fatigue in nursing students: a randomized controlled trial by Punja S1, Shamseer L2, Olson K3, Vohra S4.(PubMed)
(1170) Rhodiola rosea versus sertraline for major depressive disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled trial by Mao JJ1, Xie SX2, Zee J2, Soeller I3, Li QS3, Rockwell K4, Amsterdam JD5.(PubMed)
(1171) Rhodiola rosea therapy for major depressive disorder: a study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled trial by Mao JJ1, Li QS2, Soeller I2, Xie SX3, Amsterdam JD4.(PubMed)
(1172) [Effect of salidroside on bone marrow cell cycle and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in bone marrow cells of bone marrow depressed anemia mice]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang XS1, Zhu BD, Hung XQ, Chen YF.(PubMed)
(1173) Panax ginseng, Rhodiola rosea and Schisandra chinensis by Chan SW1.(PubMed)
(1174) Rhodiola inhibits dengue virus multiplication by inducing innate immune response genes RIG-I, MDA5 and ISG in human monocytes by Diwaker D1, Mishra KP, Ganju L, Singh SB.(PubMed)
(1175) Sambucus nigra extracts inhibit infectious bronchitis virus at an early point during replication by Chen C, Zuckerman DM, Brantley S, Sharpe M, Childress K, Hoiczyk E, Pendleton AR1.(PubMed)
(1176) [Advance in studies on pharmacological effect of salidroside on nervous system diseases]. [Article in Chinese] by Xie H1, Zhu DH.(PubMed)
(1177) Protective effects of a Rhodiola crenulata extract and salidroside on hippocampal neurogenesis against streptozotocin-induced neural injury in the rat by Qu ZQ1, Zhou Y, Zeng YS, Lin YK, Li Y, Zhong ZQ, Chan WY.(PubMed)
(1178) The effects of an acute dose of Rhodiola rosea on endurance exercise performance by Noreen EE1, Buckley JG, Lewis SL, Brandauer J, Stuempfle KJ.(PubMed)
(1179) Effects of plant extracts on the reversal of glucose-induced impairment of stress-resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans by Fitzenberger E1, Deusing DJ, Wittkop A, Kler A, Kriesl E, Bonnländer B, Wenzel U.(PubMed)
(1180) The adaptogens rhodiola and schizandra modify the response to immobilization stress in rabbits by suppressing the increase of phosphorylated stress-activated protein kinase, nitric oxide and cortisol by Panossian A1, Hambardzumyan M, Hovhanissyan A, Wikman G.(PubMed)
(1182) [The interaction of Rhodiola rosea and antidepressants. A case report]. [Article in German] by Maniscalco I1, Toffol E, Giupponi G, Conca A.(PubMed)
(1183) Adaptogenic and central nervous system effects of single doses of 3% rosavin and 1% salidroside Rhodiola rosea L. extract in mice by Perfumi M1, Mattioli L.(PubMed)
(1184) Characterization of the anxiolytic activity of Nunavik Rhodiola rosea by Cayer C1, Ahmed F, Filion V, Saleem A, Cuerrier A, Allard M, Rochefort G, Merali Z, Arnason JT.(PubMed)
(1185) Synergistic interactions between the antinociceptive effect of Rhodiola rosea extract and B vitamins in the mouse formalin test by Montiel-Ruiz RM1, González-Trujano ME, Déciga-Campos M.(PubMed)
(1186) Pharmacological evaluation of Potentilla alba L. in mice: adaptogenic and central nervous system effects by Shikov AN1, Lazukina MA, Pozharitskaya ON, Makarova MN, Golubeva OV, Makarov VG, Djachuk GI.(PubMed)
(1187) Effects of herbal supplements on the immune system in relation to exercise by Megna M1, Amico AP, Cristella G, Saggini R, Jirillo E, Ranieri M.(PubMed)
(1188) Salidroside stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and protects against H₂O₂-induced endothelial dysfunction by Xing S1, Yang X1, Li W1, Bian F1, Wu D1, Chi J1, Xu G1, Zhang Y1, Jin S1.(PubMed)
(1189) Salidroside improves homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction by reducing oxidative stress by Leung SB1, Zhang H, Lau CW, Huang Y, Lin Z.(PubMed)

The Obesity' Research and Studies of Body weight and beauty: the changing face of the ideal female body weight

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Body weight and beauty: the changing face of the ideal female body weight


By observing the art of different eras, as well as the more recent existence of the media, found that it is obvious that there have been dramatic changes in what is considered a beautiful body. The ideal of female beauty has shifted from a symbol of fertility to one of mathematically calculated proportions. It has taken the form of an image responding to men's sexual desires. Nowadays there seems to be a tendency towards the destruction of the feminine, as androgynous fashion and appearance dominate our culture. The metamorphosis of the ideal woman follows the shifting role of women in society from mother and mistress to a career-orientated individual. Her depiction by artists across the centuries reveals this change in role and appearance that should be interpreted within the social and historical context of each era with its own theories of what constituted the idealfemale body weight.(1)

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity 
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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(1) "Body weight and beauty: the changing face of the ideal female bodyweight" by

Bonafini BA, Pozzilli P.

Herbal therapy: Popular Herbal He Shou Wu (Polygonum multiflorum or Fallopia multiflora)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

He Shou Wu (Polygonum multiflorum or Fallopia multiflora)

He Shou wu is also known as Chinese Knotweed, genus Fallopia, belonging to Polygonaceae, native to central and southern China. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine in treating hyperlipemia, neurasthenia, split personality, premature white hair, nerve injuries, skin wind rash, constipation, etc.

Health benefits
1. Hepatoprotection
In the evaluation of the water extracts (w/v:1/10) of Polygonum multiflorum(WEP) and its antioxidative property on carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver damage in rats found that WEP may be effective in attenuating liver damage by reducing lipid peroxidation as well as by positively modulating inflammation, according to "Hepatoprotection of emodin and Polygonum multiflorum against CCl(4)-induced liver injury" by Lee BH, Huang YY, Duh PD, Wu SC.(1)

2. Hyperlipidemia
In the assessment of Raw and processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) and its effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia or related diseases found that raw PMR might have more satisfactory effects in clinic treatment of NAFLD or hyperlipidemia characterized by the elevation of cholesterol than processed PMR, according to "Lipid regulation effects of Polygoni Multiflori Radix, its processed products and its major substances on steatosis human liver cell line L02" by Wang M, Zhao R, Wang W, Mao X, Yu J.(2)

3. Liver cancer
In the investigation of the water extracts of raw and processed Polygonummultiflorum (RWE or PWE) were obtained by boiling them in water and its effect on human liver cells found that 95% ethanol-eluted material of Polygonum multiflorumand emodin had a similar significant effect of S phase arrest and all could induce L02 cell apoptosis, according to "[Effects of extract of Polygonum multiflorumon cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human liver cell line L02][Article in Chinese]" by Zhang RC, Liu B, Sun ZX, Xu DY.(3)

4. Cognitive disorders
In the observation of 15 herbs for the screening have been traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine or in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cognitive disorders clinically found that extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (root) can lower Aβ generation by modulating APP processing in the N2a-SwedAPP cell line. These results corroborate the traditional use of Polygonummultiflorum Thunb. (root) for the treatment of cognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), according to "In vitro screening on amyloid precursor protein modulation of plants used in Ayurvedic and Traditional Chinese medicine for memory improvement" by Liu LF, Durairajan SS, Lu JH, Koo I, Li M.(4)

5. Breast cancer
In the study of The root of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and its effect on the proliferation of certain types of cancer cells found that PME inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and promoting cell apoptosis. The effects of PME on MCF-7 cells were associated with the modulation of the expression levels of proteins involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis. These data suggest that PME has promise as a treatment against breast cancer by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, according to "Anti-proliferative effect of an extract of the root of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and the possible mechanisms" by Chen HS, Liu Y, Lin LQ, Zhao JL, Zhang CP, Jin JC, Wang L, Bai MH, Wang YC, Liu M, Shen BZ.(5)

6. Promoting hair growth
In the assessment of Polygonum multiflorum and it has traditionally been used for treating patients suffering from baldness and hair loss in East Asia effect found that Polygonum multiflorum extract promoted hair growth by inducing anagen phase in telogenic C57BL6/N mice. In Polygonum multiflorum extract treated group, we observed increase in the number and the size of hair follicles that are considered as evidence for anagen phase induction. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that earlier induction of β-catenin and Shh were observed inPolygonum multiflorum extract treated group compared to that in control group, according to "Topical application of Polygonum multiflorum extract induces hair growth of resting hair follicles through upregulating Shh and β-catenin expression in C57BL/6 mice" by Park HJ, Zhang N, Park DK.(6)

7. Antioxidant activities
In the comparison of the antioxidant activities of the extracts from Zhi-heshouwu and Heshouwu found that the extract from Zhi-heshouwu presented a higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than the extract from Heshouwu, with IC50 values of 0.43 mg/mL and 2.9 mg/mL, respectively (p < 0.05). The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the two were similar (IC50 0.98 mg/mL and 1.45 mg/mL, respectively; p > 0.05). 5-Hydroxymethyl-furfural, a main compound in the extract of Zhi-heshouwu, showed IC50 values for scavenging DPPH radicals and hydroxyl radicals of 1.6 mg/mL and 0.24 mg/mL, respectively, according to "In vitro antioxidant activities of maillard reaction products produced in the steaming process of Polygonum multiflorum root" by Liu Z, Liu Y, Chao Z, Song Z, Wang C, Lu A.(7)

8. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)
In the investigation of the protective effects of preconditioning human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside (PMS) under anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R), and the mechanism of protection found that PMS preincubation resulted in the enhancement of antioxidant activity and anti-lipid peroxidation. The NO/cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) signaling pathway was involved in the effect of PMS on HUVECs, according to "The protective effects of Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside preconditioning in an ischemia/reperfusion model of HUVECs" by Liu LP, Liao ZP, Yin D, Li WD, Liu D, Li Q, Huang QR, Yang YF, He M.(8)

9. Diabetes
In the analyzing 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (TSG), an active component extract from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects found that the protective mechanisms of TSG on diabetic nephropathy are involved in the alleviation of oxidative stress injury and overexpression of COX-2 and TGF-β1, partially via activation of SIRT1, according to "Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in rats: involvement of SIRT1 and TGF-β1 pathway" by Li C, Cai F, Yang Y, Zhao X, Wang C, Li J, Jia Y, Tang J, Liu Q.(9)

10. Androgen-dependent diseases
In the observation of 50% ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb (Polygoni Multiflori Radix; Polygonaceae) and its effect on against androgen-dependent diseases including benign prostatic hyperplasia found that although emodin showed considerably less potent inhibitory activity than riboflavin, the inhibitory activity of the compound was more potent than that of alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone), an anthraquinone-type positive control. Also, anthraquinone itself was substantially inactive against 5alpha-reductase, in dicating that the hydroxyl group on the structure of emodin is an important structural moiety for displaying inhibitory activity, according to "5alpha-reductase inhibitory components as antiandrogens from herbal medicine" by Cho CH, Bae JS, Kim YU.(10)

11. Alzheimer's disease (AD)
In the observation of the clinical effect of compound Polygonum multiflorumextract on Alzheimer's disease (AD) found that the total effective rate of 93.33% in the compound Polygonum multiflorum extract treatment group was better than 73.33% in the Chinese herb control group and 68.97% in the western medicine control group (P < 0.01), according to "[Effect of compound Polygonummultiflorum extract on Alzheimer's disease].[Article in Chinese]" by Chen L, Huang J, Xue L.(11)

12. Anti-HIV activities
In the classification of the 70 % EtOH extract of Polygonum cuspidatum and its inhibitory action against HIV-1-induced syncytium formation found that compounds 1, 13, 14, and 16 demonstrated fairly strong antiviral activity against HIV-1-induced cytopathic effects in C8166 lymphocytes at non-cytotoxic concentrations, with EC (50) values of 4.37 +/- 1.96 microg/mL, 19.97 +/- 5.09, 14.4 +/- 1.34 microg/mL, and 11.29 +/- 6.26 microg/mL and therapeutic index (TI) values of 8.12, > 10.02, > 13.89, and > 17.71, respectively, according to "Anti-HIV activities of the compounds isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum and Polygonummultiflorum" by Lin HW, Sun MX, Wang YH, Yang LM, Yang YR, Huang N, Xuan LJ, Xu YM, Bai DL, Zheng YT, Xiao K.(12)

13. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Overdose may be toxic and cause liver damage
2. The herb may cause irritation of or even damage to the digestive tract
3. Allergic effect
4. Do not take the herb in children or if you are pregnant without consulting with your related field specialist
5. Etc.


Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22103790
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22120683
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20550878
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21920424
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21874249
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21419834
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21366046
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20228828
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20854812
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20633525
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20622335
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20112182