Medical Advisor Journals

Thursday, July 14, 2016

Herbal therapy: Popular Herbal Milk Thistle

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Milk Thistle

Milk Thistle is a flowering plant, in the genus Silybum Adans, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to the Mediterranean. The herb has been used in traditional medicine in treating liver, kidney, gall bladder problems, etc.

Health Benefits
1. Anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrotic effects in liver
In the investigation of Silymarin, a standardized milk thistle extract and its hepatoprotective effect found that Silymarin caused a partial decrease in worm burden; hepatic tissue egg load, with an increase in percentage of dead eggs; modulation of granuloma size, with significant reduction of hepatic HYP content; tissue expression of MMP-2, TGF-B1; number of mast cells, with conservation of hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH). PZQ produced complete eradication of worms, eggs and alleviated liver inflammation and fibrosis, according to "Anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrotic effects of the hepatoprotective silymarin and the schistosomicide praziquantel against Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis" by El-Lakkany NM, Hamam OA, El-Madawy WH, Badawy AA, Ain-Shoka AA, Ebeid FA.(1)

2. Chronic hepatitis C
In the evaluation of Silymarin derived from silybum marianum (milk thistle) and it effect on liver function in people infected with the hepatitis C virus, found that there was statistically difference in mean of ALT (108.7 ± 86.6 vs 70.3 ± 57.7) before and after the treatment (p < 0.001). The means of AST were 99.4 ± 139.7 and 59.7 ± 64.32 before and after the treatment with statistically differences (p = 0.004). After the treatment, nine patients were found with negative HCV-RNA (p = 0.004) and statistically significant improvement in results of liver fibrosis markers were found only in fibrosis group (p = 0.015). Quality of life was improved significantly (p < 0.001), according to "Effects of silybum marianum on patients with chronic hepatitis C" by Kalantari H, Shahshahan Z, Hejazi SM, Ghafghazi T, Sebghatolahi V.(2)

3. Hepatitis B or C virus
In the assessment of extracts of milk thistle, Silybum marianum (L) Gaertneri and its effect in patients with alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases found that Eighteen randomised clinical trials assessed milk thistle in 1088 patients with alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases. The methodological quality was low: only 28.6% of the trials reported high methodological quality characteristics. Milk thistle versus placebo or no intervention had no significant effect on mortality (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.15), complications of liver disease (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.09), or liver histology. Liver-related mortality was significantly reduced by milk thistle in all trials (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.88), but not in high-quality trials (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.28 to 1.19). Milk thistle was not associated with a significantly increased risk of adverse events (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.50), according to "Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases" by Rambaldi A, Jacobs BP, Gluud C.(3)

4. HIV-HCV co-infection
In the investigation of Intravenous silibinin (ivSIL), a milk thistle extract and its antiviral effects
found that ivSIL may represent a potential treatment option for retreatment of HIV-HCV coinfected patients nonresponding to PEGIFN+RBV combination therapy. Further investigations on the possible beneficial effects of ivSIL on CD4+ cell counts and HIV-RNA levels are necessary, according to "Successful HCV eradication and inhibition of HIV replication by intravenous silibinin in an HIV-HCV coinfected patient" by Payer BA, Reiberger T, Rutter K, Beinhardt S, Staettermayer AF, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Ferenci P.(4)

5. Antioxidants
In the observation of the active extract of milk thistle, silymarin, is a mixture of flavonolignans and its antioxidant effect found that Exposure to light significantly reduced sprout growth and significantly increased the polyphenol content and antioxidative capacity. The polyphenol content was 30% higher in seeds originating from purple inflorescences than in those from white ones. We thus found milk thistle to be a good candidate source of healthy edible sprouts, according to "The potential of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.), an Israeli native, as a source of edible sprouts rich in antioxidants" by Vaknin Y, Hadas R, Schafferman D, Murkhovsky L, Bashan N.(5)

6. Type II diabetes
In the demonstration of Silybum marianum seed extract (silymarin) and its antioxidant properties on the glycemic profile in diabetic patients found that a significant decrease in HbA(1)c, FBS, total cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride SGOT and SGPT levels in silymarin treated patients compared with placebo as well as with values at the beginning of the study in each group. In conclusion, silymarin treatment in type II diabetic patients for 4 months has a beneficial effect on improving the glycemic profile, according to "The efficacy of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (silymarin) in the treatment of type II diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial" by Huseini HF, Larijani B, Heshmat R, Fakhrzadeh H, Radjabipour B, Toliat T, Raza M.(6)

7. Colon cancer
In the analyzing Silibinin, a flavonolignan isolated from the milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum) and its anti-neoplastic properties, found that that silibinin activated also the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in both cell lines, including the perturbation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and the activation of caspase-9. Simultaneously to apoptosis, silibinin triggered an autophagic response. The inhibition of autophagy with a specific inhibitor enhanced cell death, suggesting a cytoprotective function for autophagy in silibinin-treated cells, according to "Silibinin triggers apoptotic signaling pathways and autophagic survival response in human colon adenocarcinoma cells and their derived metastatic cells" by Kauntz H, Bousserouel S, Gossé F, Raul F.(7)

8. Prostate cancer
In the investigation of the effects of the anti-growth compound silibinin, a milk thistle derivative found that silibinin significantly and dose-dependently inhibited promoter activity at physiologic doses. Total CD44 RNA and CD44v7-10 RNA were significantly decreased; both were also decreased at the protein level. Phenyl-methylene hydantoins (PMH), guanidine alkaloids derived from Red Sea sponges, have the ability to increase cell-cell adhesion in prostate cancer cells and reduce invasion, according to "Cell adhesion molecule CD44: its functional roles in prostate cancer" by Iczkowski KA.(8)

9. Anti-cancerIn the efforts in the last few decades have been successful in providing better and effective treatments against both early stage and localized cancer, researchers found that Silibinin, a popular dietary supplement isolated frommilk thistle seed extracts, is one such natural agent that has shown biological efficacy through pleiotropic mechanisms against a variety of cancers and is currently in clinical trials. Recent preclinical studies have also shown strong efficacy of silibinin to target cancer cell's migratory and invasive characteristics as well as their ability to metastasize to distant organs. Detailed mechanistic analyses revealed that silibinin targets signaling molecules involved in the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, proteases activation, adhesion, motility, invasiveness as well as the supportive tumor-microenvironment components, thereby inhibiting metastasis., according to "Antimetastatic efficacy of silibinin: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential against cancer" by Deep G, Agarwal R.(9)

10. Breast cancer
In the demonstration of polyphenolic silibinin from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and its antioxidant property found that O(2)(.-) generation induced by silibinin was also related to mitochondria. It was found that respiratory chain complexes I, II and III were all involved in silibinin-induced O(2)(.-) generation. Moreover, it was found that silibinin-induced O(2)(.-) had protective effect, as exogenous SOD markedly enhanced silibinin-induced apoptosis, according to "Silibinin induces protective superoxide generation in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells" by Wang HJ, Jiang YY, Wei XF, Huang H, Tashiro S, Onodera S, Ikejima T.(10)

11. Cholesterol
In the identification of Silymarin is the flavonoids extracted from the seeds of Silybum marianum (L) and its hyperlipemiceffect found that Silymarin enhanced HDL-C in hyperlipemic rats. Further studies showed that silymarin enhanced HDL-C but didn't affect HDL-C, a property of this component which is beneficial to treatment of atherosclerosis, according to "Advances in pharmacological studies of silymarin" by Rui YC.(11)

12. Hypertension
In the determination of The effects of silybin and tetrandrine on the survival of spontaneously hypertensive rats subjected to acute coronary artery, found that Both silybin and tetrandrine decreased the severity of ventricular hypertrophy. Although there were significant decreases in risk zone and infarct zone in silybin- and tetrandrine-treated rats, the ratio of infarct to risk zone was not changed. The results implies that silybin may be beneficial when used in hypertensive patients who develop acute myocardial infarction, according to "Protective effects ofsilybin and tetrandrine on the outcome of spontaneously hypertensive rats subjected to acute coronary artery occlusion" by Chen H, Chen SC, Zhang TH, Tian HC, Guan Y, Su DF.(12)

13. Kidney failure
In the investigation of a control group (saline, group 1, n = 5) was compared with dogs that were administrated gentamicin by intramuscular injection, at dosage of 20 mg/kg, once daily for 9 days (groups 2-5, n = 5 per group) found that Serum creatinine and urea concentrations were increased significantly and TSAO was decreased significantly in group 2 (gentamicin) compared with group 1(A control group). Serum creatinine concentrations but not urea concentrations were significantly lower in groups 3(vitamin E)and 4(silymarin) than in group 2 (P = 0.001). Serum MDA concentrations was significantly different between groups 2 and 3 (vitamin E) (P = 0.01), 2 and 4(silymarin) (P < 0.001) and 4(silymarin) and 5(vitamin E + silymarin)(P = 0.01), according to "Effect of silymarin and vitamin E on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in dogs" by Varzi HN, Esmailzadeh S, Morovvati H, Avizeh R, Shahriari A, Givi ME.(13)

14. Etc.

Side effects
1. The herb may interact with other herbs, medication such as Antipsychotics, phenothiazines, Halothane, Birth control pills, etc.
2. Overdoses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort and skin rash
3. Milk Thistle may cause allergic effect
4. Do not take the herb in children, or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without approval from the related field specialist.
5. Etc.

Women Health: Menstrual Disorder - Dysmenorrhea - Causes of Blood Deficiency in TCM Perspective

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

All women are experience menstruation disorders sometime during their child bearing years before menopause. While Western medication has never viewed that menstruation disorder is a problem of a women's reproductive system, traditional Chinese medicine looks at this problem seriously. If untreated, it will dis-harmonize the women's ecosystem, leading to nervous tension and other health problems, including infertility.

Dysmenorrhea

Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is defined as a condition of severe uterine pain during menstruation. Some women may experience periodic pains during or prior to, or after menstrual periods in the lower abdomen as resulting of over production of certain hormones in the prostaglandins family. In traditional Chinese medicine, dysmenorrhea is defined as a pain in the lower abdomen, appearing with menstrual cycle that can spread over to the whole abdomen and lumbosacral region, depending to diagnosis.

The Causes

Blood deficiency is defined as a condition of liver abnormal function in blood formation or spleen's inability in transporting blood to the body's vital organ and cells.
1. Poor diet
According to TCM, poor diet may affect the function of liver function in blood formation, if it fails to be properly nourished by the qi from the energy source of spleen. Diet with little or no iron also contributes to the blood deficiency.

2. Abnormal liver function
Abnormal function of liver can be caused by raw foods diet as its affects the spleen function in assisting the digestive system function in absorbing vital energy from foods that reduces the liver function in blood storing and formation.

3. Liver imbalance
Liver imbalance caused by excess of any pathogen or/and toxins accumulated can also reduce the normal function of blood storing and formation of the liver.

4. Alcohol drinking
Long terms alcohol drinking damages the liver function in blood formation and regulating the spleen function in energy distribution, leading to not enough blood for the circulatory system to supply nutrients and oxygen to the reproductive organs, resulting in symptoms of dysmenorrhrea such as cramps and pain before, during or after menstruation.

5. Anemia
Anemia is a chronic ill, it is caused by either easily broken off red blood cells or abnormal function of liver in blood formation.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

The Obesity' Research and Studies of Dieting status and its relationship to eating and physical activity behaviors

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

The Studies of Dieting status and its relationship to eating and physical activity behaviors

In the study to determine whether adolescents engaging in extreme weight lossmethods (i.e., vomiting and diet pills) and those using more moderate methods differ from each other in dietary intake (fruits, vegetables, and higher-fat foods) and physical activity, and to compare these variables in dieting and nondieting adolescents, showed that the importance of distinguishing between different types of dieting behaviors in clinical settings and research studies. Adolescents engaging in extreme weight control behaviors may be at particular risk for inadequate nutritional intake. In contrast, adolescents using more moderate methods may be consuming a more healthful diet than are nondieters. For all adolescents, nutrition guidance on healthful and safe weight control strategies is needed(1).

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

(1) "Dieting status and its relationship to eating and physical activity behaviors in a representative sample of US adolescents" by Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D,Sherwood N, Stang J, Murray D.

General Health: Angina pectoris - Treatments In Herbal medicine perspective

B. In herbal medicine perspective
1. Organic Soybean is the genus Glycine, belonging to the family Fabaceae, one of the legumes that contains twice as much protein per acre as any other major vegetable or grain crop, native to Southeast Asia. Now, it is grown worldwide with suitable climate for commercial profit and a a healthy foods. The herb has been used in traditional medicine for the proper functioning of the bowels, heart, kidney, liver, stomach. etc.
a. Insulin sensitive
Soybean helps to normalize plasma glucose and insulin homeostasis, according to "Increased insulin sensitivity and changes in the expression profile of key insulin regulatory genes and beta cell transcription factors in diabetic KKAy-mice after feeding with a soy bean protein rich diet high in isoflavone content" by Nordentoft I, Jeppesen PB, Hong J, Abudula R, Hermansen K.(50)

b. Cardiovascular diseases
Soy protein reduces reduces the levels of serum lipoprotein, decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triacylglycerol/HDL-C and TC/HDL-Cpostmenopausal women are at risk of cardiovascular disease, according to "Effects of soy bean on serum paraoxonase 1 activity and lipoproteins in hyperlipidemic postmenopausal women" by Shidfar F, Ehramphosh E, Heydari I, Haghighi L, Hosseini S, Shidfar S.(51)

2. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, belonging to family Amaryllidaceae, native to central Asia. It has been used popularly in traditional and Chinese medicine in treating common cold and flu to the Plague, blood pressure cholesterol levels, natural antibiotic, etc.
a. Cholesterol
Eating 4 cloves of garlic a day can cut total CHOLESTEROL by 70%(Fresh or Supplement). The member of the allium family fights poor circulation.The sulfur compound in garlic keep your platelets from clumping together. It helps UNCLOG your Arteries but check with your Doctor if you are taking Blood thinning medications. Cook with both Garlic and onion to fight high blood pressure effectively. Try to take them everyday if you have high blood pressure and Cholesterol.

b. Blood pressure
In the assessment of garlic extract and its effect of hypertension. found that Agedgarlic extract was generally well tolerated and acceptability of trial treatment was high (92%) and aged garlic extract is superior to placebo in lowering systolic blood pressure similarly to current first line medications in patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension, according to "Aged garlic extract lowers blood pressure in patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension: a randomised controlled trial" by Ried K, Frank OR, Stocks NP.(52)

7. Atherosclerosis
In the demonstration of aged garlic extract therapy with supplements (AGE+S) and theirs effect on cardiovascular diseases found that CAC progression was significantly lower and TR significantly higher in the AGE+S compared to the placebo group after adjustment of cardiovascular risk factors (p<0.05). Total cholesterol, LDL-C, homocysteine, IgG and IgM autoantibodies to MDA-LDL and apoB-immune complexes were decreased, whereas HDL, OxPL/apoB, and Lp (a) were significantly increased in AGE+S to placebo and concluded that AGE+S is associated with a favorable improvement in oxidative biomarkers, vascular function, and reduced progression of atherosclerosis., according to "Aged garlicextract supplemented with B vitamins, folic acid and L-arginine retards the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis: a randomized clinical trial" by Budoff MJ, Ahmadi N, Gul KM, Liu ST, Flores FR, Tiano J, Takasu J, Miller E, Tsimikas S.(53)

3. Alfalfa
a. Antioxidant
In a study of measurements of pH, water holding capacity, color, oxymyoglobin content, TBARS and oxidation-reduction potential in evaluating the effects of a dietary protein-xanthophylls (PX) concentrate of alfalfa to turkey diets conducted by University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, (54), researchers found that TBARS and oxidation-reduction potential values suggested that the inclusion of the concentrate to turkey diets acts as an antioxidant in the raw meat.

2. Cholesterol
In a study to test the effect of Alfalfa used in traditional medicine to treat high blood cholesterol conducted by Malinow MR, McLaughlin P, Stafford C.(55), in 3 human volunteers during ingestion of diets containing alfalfa seeds (AS) for 3 weeks, researchers found that Plasma cholesterol concentrations were reduced and No signs of toxicity were detected through serum determinations of multiple parameters. The ingestion of AS in rats decreased the concentration of plasma cholesterol, reduced intestinal absorption of exogenous and endogenous cholesterol, and increased fecal biliary excretion.

3. Hyperlipoproteinemia
In a study of Fifteen patients with hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP), types IIA (n = 8), IIB (n = 3) and IV (n = 4) were given 40 g of heat prepared alfalfa seeds 3 times daily at mealtimes for 8 weeks with otherwise unchanged diet, conducted by Mölgaard J, von Schenck H, Olsson AG.(3), found that patients with type II HLPalfalfa treatment caused after 8 weeks a maximal lowering of pretreatment median values of total plasma cholesterol from 9.58 to 8.00 mmol/l (P less than 0.001) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from 7.69 to 6.33 mmol/l (P less than 0.01), which corresponds to decreases of 17% and 18%, respectively. Maximal decrease was 26% in total cholesterol and 30% in LDL cholesterol. In two patients with hypercholesterolemia the LDL cholesterol decreased less than 5%. Apolipoprotein B decreased in the same period from 2.17 to 1.43 g/l (P less than 0.05) in type II HLP, corresponding to 34% decrease, whereas apolipoprotein A-I did not change. Body weight increased slightly during the first 4 weeks of alfalfatreatment (P less than 0.001) probably because of the caloric content in the alfalfaseeds. After cessation of treatment, all lipoprotein concentrations returned to pretreatment levels. We conclude that alfalfa seeds can be added to the diet to help normalize serum cholesterol concentrations in patients with type II HLP.

4. Ginkgo biloba
a. Hypertension
Ginkgo enhanced endothelium-dependent vasodilation and elevation of the endothelial intracellular Ca(2+) level in SHR, resulting in hypotension, according to the study of "Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on blood pressure and vascular endothelial response by acetylcholine in spontaneously hypertensive rats" by Kubota Y, Tanaka N, Kagota S, Nakamura K, Kunitomo M, Umegaki K, Shinozuka K.(56)

b. Cardiovascular tissues
Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) has shown the protection of the cardiovascular tissues against HgCl(2)-induced oxidative damage, according to the study of "Protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract against mercury(II)-induced cardiovascular oxidative damage in rats" by Tunali-Akbay T, Sener G, Salvarli H, Sehirli O, Yarat A.(57)

c. Hyperlipidemia
Ginkgo biloba leaves (EGB) has demonstrated the activities of limitation of the absorption of cholesterol, inactivation of HMGCoA and favorable regulation of profiles of essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (EFA), according to the study of "Application of GC/MS-based metabonomic profiling in studying the lipid-regulating effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats" by Zhang Q, Wang GJ, A JY, Wu D, Zhu LL, Ma B,(58)

5. Grape seed extract
Grape Seed Extract is the commercial extracts from whole grape seeds that contains many concentrations, including vitamin E, flavonoids, linoleic acid,oligomeric proanthocyanidins(OPCs), etc..The herb has been used in traditional medicine as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agents and to treat skin wounds with less scarring, allergies, macular degeneration, arthritis, enhance circulation of blood vessels, lower cholesterol, etc.
a. Antioxidant Activity
in the assessment of phenolic content, antioxidant activity of White and red wines spiked with green tea extract and grape seed extract found that the green teaextract and grape seed extract increased antioxidant activity dose-dependently and the CRTs varied considerably between the Korean and Australian groups, with Koreans preferring wines spiked with green tea extract and Australians showing a preference for wines spiked with grape seed extract, according to "Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and Cross-Cultural Consumer Rejection Threshold in White and Red Wines Functionally Enhanced with Catechin-Rich" by Yoo YJ, Saliba A, Prenzler PD, Ryan DM.(59)

b. Atherosclerosis
in the association of consumption of red wine and other polyphenolic compounds and prevention of cardiovascular diseases found that aortic atherosclerosis evaluated as the cholesterol content in aortic tissue was comparable in the control and GSE-dosed females, but it was significantly reduced in the abdominal part of GSE-dosed male compared to the controls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding GSEextract to Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits had no significant effects in females but was associated with transient less hypercholesterolemic response to semisynthetic diet, according to "Effects of red grape skin and seedextract supplementation on atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits" by Frederiksen H, Mortensen A, Schrøder M, Frandsen H, Bysted A, Knuthsen P, Rasmussen SE.(60).

The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: TCM recommended Foods for Spleen Yang deficiency - Cinnamon

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovascular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women.
Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasingaltered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).

Management and Treatment according to Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective

While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches.

Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).

Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into

Spleen yang deficiency

Spleen yang deficiency is a serve form of spleen qi deficiency, characterized by a condition of inability of spleen in distribution of fluid and nutrient to the body organs, in removal and descend the turbids(2072), causing malfunctions functions of the organs and fluid retention. Prolong period of spleen yang deficiency may induce the development of phlegm, including women with PCOs.
Women with PCOs diagnosed by spleen yang deficiency may also experience yang vacuity impelled cold expression of additional symptoms of abdominal pain(2074), lack of appetite(2076), fatigue(2075), lightheadedness(2075) and headache(2075), weakness of the four limbs(2077), diarrhea(2073)(2076), chilliness(2077), edema(2074), pale, swollen, wet tongue(2076) and weak, slow, deep pulse(2072),....
In the review of the Data base provided by PubMed, spleen qi deficiency may alter certain metabolic pathways, such as the energy, protein, and glycolytic metabolisms(2078), body weight and motor behavior(2079), skeletal muscle function(3080), blood glucose, lipid metabolism and fat-islet axie.(2081),.....

Foods for Spleen yang deficiency

Spleen yang deficiency can be managed and treated in part with a diet of fresh and cooked warming foods.

5. Cinnamon
(See anti insulin resistance and anti metabolic herbal medicine for more detail)
[Cinnamon is a spice derived from the inner bark of tree, native to South East Asia, of over 300 species of the genus Cinnamomum, belongings to the family Lauraceae used in herbal and traditional medicine as anti-microbial agent(1087) and to improve reproductive organs(1088), prevent flatulence(1089) and menstrual cramping(1087), treat gastrointestinal complaints(1089), diarrhea(1087), bad breath(1090), headache(1087), etc.(1086)(1087).

Ingredients(1087)
1. Cinnamic aldehyde
2.Cinnamyl acetate
3. Eugenol
4. Aldehyde
5. Pinene
6. Coumarins
7. Cinnzeylanol
8. Cinnzeylanine
9. Safrol
10. Methylhydroxy chalcone polymer (MHCP)

Epidemiological studies suggested that cinnamon consist a significant anti insulin resistance(1091)(1092)(1094) and anti metabolic syndrome(1093)(1094)(1095)(1096)(1097) properties, such as lowering total cholesterol(1093), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(1093) and improving high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(1093), may be due to its antihyperglycaemic (1091)(1093) and potential to reduce postprandial blood glucose levels(1091)(1092), liver fat(1098) and and improved glucose homeostasis(1098) properties, by regulating the mechanisms of-medicated glucose and lipid metabolism(1099), such as decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokine(TNF-alpha) in adipose tissue(1100) and upregulated mRNA expression of insulin-regulated membrane trafficking(1100) and whole body glucose homeostasi(GLUT-4) in skeletal muscle(1100)].

Its phytochemical coumarins also are found to process anti heart disease(2112), diabetes(2112)(2013), and high blood pressure(2112) properties through its effect on vary mechanism(2112), including inhibited insulitis, increased pancreatic islet number(2113), enhanced lipolysis of adipocytes in lipid abnormalities(2014).
According to University of Karachi and University of Malaysia, cinnamon cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde may be the next potential candidate for treatment of II diabetes, due to their effects on improving glucose tolerance in vivo and stimulating insulin secretion in vitro(2015).
In cardiovascular disease, according to Dr, Rao PV and Gan SH. cinnamic aldehyde and cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde, may be effective for treatment of cardiovascular disease through activation of endothelial cells(2016); blocking activity of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor in inhibition of thromboxane receptor-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation(2016); reduced hypertension by abridging vascular contractility repesctively(2016).

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) bny by Liqin Zhao
(2072) Spleen, Earth
(2073) [Research on building method of spleen kidney Yang deficiency diarrhea rats model]. [Article in Chinese] by Pan X, Hu CJ, Geng YY, Zhao L, Wu WH, Wu XQ, Zhong ZD.(PubMed)
(2074) Treatment of an elderly patient with acute abdominal pain with traditional Korean medicine by Son CG1.(PubMed)
(2075) Shenzhu Tiaopi granule combined with lifestyle intervention therapy for impaired glucose tolerance: a randomized controlled trial by Fang Z1, Zhao J2, Shi G3, Shu Y3, Ni Y3, Wang H3, Ding L3, Lu R3, Li J3, Zhu X3, Cheng S4, Zhang X3, Liu Y5, Wang J6, Luo Y3, Fan Q3, Guo C3, Jiang T3, Wu Q3, Fan L3, Ling H3, Cui L3, Luo Y3, Yang H3, Anderson RM7.(PubMed)
(2075) Direct moxibustion to treat spleen qi and yang deficiency fatigue: a pilot study by Thorne TL1, Hanes DA2, Wild H3, Colbert A4.(PubMed)
(2076) [Clinical observation on fuzhong (supporting the middle-jiao) manipulation of tuina for infantile anorexia]. [Article in Chinese] by Wang YY, Liu XY.(PubMed)
(2077) [Effect of umbilicus moxibustion therapy on physical conditions of yang-deficiency volunteers]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang YY1.(PubMed)
(2078) Analysis of the restorative effect of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model using (1)H-NMR-based metabonomics by Zheng XF1, Tian JS2, Liu P3, Xing J1, Qin XM1.(PubMed)
(2079) [1H NMR based metabolomics study of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model]. [Article in Chinese] by Chen L, Xiang H, Xing J, Tian JS, Qin XM, Du GH.(PubMed)
(2080) Bufei Jianpi granules improve skeletal muscle and mitochondrial dysfunction in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by Dong Y1,2, Li Y3,4,5, Sun Y6, Mao J7, Yao F8, Tian Y9, Wang L10, Li L11, Li S12,13,14, Li J15,16,17(PubMed)
(2081) [Clinical observation on obesity and hyperlipidemia of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency pattern in female patients treated with combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method]. [Article in Chinese] by Wu B, Liu ZC, Xu B.(PubMed)
(2112) Recent Advances in the Methodology and Application for the Metabolism of Phytochemical Compounds-An Update Covering the Period of 2009-2014 by Cao W, Yi L, Cao J1, Hu SS, Li P.(PubMed)
(2113) Total coumarins from Urtica dentata Hand prevent murine autoimmune diabetes via suppression of the TLR4-signaling pathways by Wang J1, Lu J, Lan Y, Zhou H, Li W, Xiang M.(PubMed)
(2114) Aculeatin, a coumarin derived from Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam., enhances differentiation and lipolysis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes by Watanabe A1, Kato T2, Ito Y2, Yoshida I2, Harada T2, Mishima T2, Fujita K2, Watai M2, Nakagawa K3, Miyazawa T3.(PubMed)
(2115) Cinnamic acid exerts anti-diabetic activity by improving glucose tolerance in vivo and by stimulating insulin secretion in vitro by Hafizur RM1, Hameed A2, Shukrana M3, Raza SA2, Chishti S2, Kabir N4, Siddiqui RA2.(PubMed)
(2116) Cinnamon: A Multifaceted Medicinal Plant by Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao 1 , 2 ,* and Siew Hua Gan 2(PubMed)dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-nicotinamide diabetic rats by Madkor HR1, Mansour SW, Ramadan G.(PubMed)
(1635) Comparative effects of dietary ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum) investigated in a type 2 diabetes model of rats by Islam MS1, Choi H.(PubMed)
(1636) Protective effects of ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale rhizome on the development of metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet-fed rats by Nammi S1, Sreemantula S, Roufogalis BD.(PubMed)
(1637) The anti-oxidant effects of ginger and cinnamon on spermatogenesis dys-function of diabetes rats by Khaki A1, Khaki AA1, Hajhosseini L2, Golzar FS1, Ainehchi N1(PubMed)

Most Common Diseases of 50plus: Thyroid disease: Hypothyroidism – Treatments In traditional Chinese medicine perspective

Thyroid disease

Thyroid disease is defined as a condition of malfunction of thyroid. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is over active and produces too much thyroid hormones.

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is under active and produces very little thyroid hormones.

The Treatments

In traditional Chinese medicine perspective
1. Herbs tonify kidney-yang
According to the study by the Guangzhou University of TCM, in the study of The rectal temperature (Tr) and heart rate (HR) of three groups of New Zealand white rabbits, indicated that the Tr and HR in G1 were decreased, and the circadian rhythms of the Tr and HR disordered significantly, while these changes in G2 were corrected obviously(59).

2. Yang tonifying herbs
According to the study by the Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, In a randomly divided into three groups study, each contained six rabbits, i.e. thyroidectomized and untreated rabbits (group 1), thyroidectomized rabbits treated by the Yang tonifying herbs (group 2) and sham thyroidectomized rabbits as controls (group 3), indiaced that the Bmax, T4, T3 and HR in group 1 were lower significantly than that in group 3 (P < 0.01-0.001), but the change of Kd in group 1 was not significant; the deviation of the indices from the normal value in group 2 was less remarkably than in group 1 other than T4(60).

3. Baji Zibugao
In the study of the effect of Baji Zibugao (BJZBG, a medicinal plaster mainly consisting of Radix Morindae Officinalis) on the endocrine functions of hypothyroid rabbits in three groups of rabbits: total thyroidectomized and untreated (group I), total thyroidectomized and treated with BJZBG (group II) and controls (group III). to determine the serum levels of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), cAMP, cGMP and corticosteron, showed that (1) The serum level of T4 in group I and II after operation was significantly lower than that before operation (P < 0.005), and the serum level of T3 in group I was also lower than that before operation (P 0.05); (2) The serum cAMP level in group I after operation decreased and the cGMP level increased (P 0.05), (3) The change of serum corticosterone level in group I or II after operation was not remarkable (P > 0.05)(61).

4. Cnidium monnieri (She Chuang Zi)
In the study the effects of total coumarins, essential oil and water extracts of Cnidium monnieri on plasma prostaglandin (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) and cyclic nucleotide levels in rats of Kidney-Yang insufficiency with 55 rats divided randomly into 5 groups (Group I was administered orally with saline (normal group), group II was injected with intraperitonally hydrocortison acetate to induce Kidney-Yang insufficiency (control group), group III, group IV and group V (experimental groups) were injected with hydrocortison acetate, the same as group II, and administered orally with the total coumarins, essential oil and water extracts of Fructus Cnidii respectively) showed that the levels of plasma PGE2, PG2 alpha and plasma cAMP, cGMP were measured. In group II, in comparing with those of group I, the levels of plasma PGE2, and PGF2 alpha decreased significantly (P < 0.01), and the value of cAMP/cGMP also lowered obviously (P < 0.01) due to the significant reduction of cAMP and insignificant change of cGMP. In group III and group V, the above-mentioned indices changed significantly (P < 0.01 or 0.05) compared with those of group II, and after treatment it normalized basically in comparing with those of group I. In group IV, those indices didn't change regularly and apparently as group III and group V did, compared with group II, and could not normalize satisfactorily. It is suggested that the coumarins in the fruit of Cnidium monnieri are probably the effective ingredients to invigorate Kidney and strengthen Yang, while the efficacy of essential oil remained unconfirmed(62).

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Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17933284
(59) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9208562
(60) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9533431
(61) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7744389
(62) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8392879