Tuesday, August 9, 2016

Women Health: The Obesity and Infertility Research and Studies of Obesity and reproductive performance in women

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

The Studies of  Obesity and reproductive performance in women


Obesity and overweight are not only problem of developed nations but also increasing problem in developing countries with health consequence. According to the study by the Association for Reproduction and Family Health, posted inPubMed, found that obesity contribute majorly to two most common medical risks in pregnancy: diabetes and hypertension. Is is associated with increasesd risk of large-for-gestational age and hypertensive disorders, including pre-eclampsia, which may be associated with low birth weight. Combination of factors viz individual lifestyle, environmental and genetic play role in obesity. Weight loss has demonstrated to improve fertility in obese women through recovery of spontaneous ovulation, and improved response to ovarian stimulation in infertility treatment.

General Health: Cirrhosis - The Risk factors

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                   Cirrhosis 

Cirrhosis is defined as a condition of irreversible scarring liver as a result of liver tissue by fibrosis due to final phase of chronic liver diseases of that can lead to poor function of the liver and liver failure. According to the statistics, Number of discharges with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis as the first-listed diagnosis: 101,000 in 2009 and Deaths per 100,000 population: 10.3 in 2010(a). Hepatitis B infection cause of the disease is very prevalent in South-East Asia.


                              The Risk factors


1. Gender
Female who are chronic alcohol drinkers are at increase to develop Cirrhosis. According to the study in a population-based prospective cohort of 13,285 men and women aged 30-79 years, and diagnoses indicating alcoholic liver disease (n = 261) or cirrhosis (n = 124) were obtained from the Danish National Health Registers, indicated that women had a significantly higher relative risk of developing alcohol related liver disease than men for any given level of alcoholintake(8).

2. Diabetes mellitus (DM)
If you are diabetic, you are associated with increased risk of cirrhosis. According to the study by the University Hospital, Monterrey, about 30% of patients withcirrhosis have diabetes mellitus (DM). There exists in relation to: type 2 DM alone or as part of the metabolic syndrome in the development of liver disease; factorsinvolved in the genesis of hepatogenous diabetes; the impact of DM on the clinical outcome of liver disease; the management of DM in cirrhotic patients and the role of DM as a risk factor for the occurrence and exacerbation of hepatocellular carcinoma(9). Other study indicated that Insulin resistance in liver cirrhosis was higher than the other type 2 DM, and impaired hepatic insulin degradation might be an important mechanism of hyperinsulinemia in liver cirrhosis(10).

3. Excessive alcohol drinking
People who drinks abusively, in most case died as a result of the progression of liver diseases. According to the review of Seventeen studies alcohol consumption had a significantly larger impact on mortality of liver cirrhosis compared with morbidity. Also, the same amount of average consumption was related to a higher risk of liver cirrhosis in women than in men(11).

4. Medication induced cirrhosis
Certain medication may cause increased risk of cirrhosis to the takers. According to the study by the Seoul National University College of Medicine, anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in patients with chronic liver disease includingcirrhosis, but the drugs may be safely used in the patients with chronic liverdisease including compensated cirrhosis if number of hepatotoxic drugs used is adjusted appropriately(12). In other study by University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, there is a case of a male patient who developed severe drug-inducedhepatotoxicity during the treatment with Cyproterone acetate (CPA). The case, presenting sub-acute hepatitis, was characterized by a rapid evolution of cirrhosisand a protracted activity during the period of a few months despite the treatment withdrawal and an apparent benefits of corticosteroids, suggesting their indication in life threatening cases(13).

5. Age
Risk of cirrhosis is increased with progression of age. According to the study by the University of Sydney, there is evidence that the sinusoidal changes in cirrhosisand aging contribute to hepatocyte hypoxia, thus providing a mechanism for the apparent differential reduction of oxygen-dependent phase I metabolic pathways in these conditions. Structural change and subsequent dysfunction of the liver sieve warrant consideration as a significant factor in the impairment of overall substrate handling and hepatic drug metabolism in cirrhosis and aging(14).

6. Obesity
Risk of cirrhosis is increased for obese people. In the study to evaluate the role ofobesity, in relationship to other recognized predictors, in the development of CD in patients with compensated cirrhosis, found that obesity has a deleterious effect on the natural history of compensated cirrhosis of all etiologies, independent of portal pressure and liver function. Weight reduction may be a valuable therapeutic measure in this patient population(15).

7. Heredity
Alpha-1-anti-trypsin deficiency is the most common genetic cause of liver disease in children and liver transplantation is currently the only available treatment, according to the study by Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine(16).

8. Toxins
Toxins can damage the liver. according to the study by University Hospital Regensburg, Xanthohumol, the major prenylated chalcone found in hops, is known for its anti-inflammatory properties exerts a protective effects of xanthohumol in this toxic liver injury model involves direct mechanisms related to its ability to block both hepatic inflammation and the activation of hepatic stellate cells, presumable at least in part via decreasing NFκB activity(17).

9. Etc. 

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Sources
(a) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/liverdis.htm
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9214055
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19140227
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17237630
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20636661
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20670648
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23293208
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15656697
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21567436
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23381957
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22295144



Men Health: Prostate cancer: The effects of Vitamin C

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                           Prostate cancer

The widespread of prostate cancer, once considered a disease of aging male, now have become major concerns of governments and scientific community in South East Asian with tendency to effect even younger age population. Suggestions emerged of over consuming bad fats in any time in history accompanied with unhealthy diet and life style may be the possible causes of the disease, linking to the economic prosperity over 2 decades. Foods for diseases' management have been prescribed in folk medicine over thousands of year as one of best medicine of nature in preventing and treating diseases, including prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer is defined as a condition in which the cells of prostate has become cancerous, causing abnormal cell growth with possibility of spreading to the distant parts of the body. Most prostate cancers are slow growing and enlarged prostate and prostate cancer may be detected during physical (rectum) exams.


                  The effects of Vitamin C


Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin, found in fresh fruits, berries and green vegetables. It is best known for its free radical scavengers activity and regenerating oxidized vitamin E for immune support.

Epidemiological studies, linking vitamin C in reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer have produced inconsistent results.
In reviewed studies examined the relationship between prostate cancer and antioxidants indicated that there is no strong evidence for a beneficial effect of selenium, vitamin C, or beta-carotene, in reduced risk of prostate cancer and effect of dietary antioxidants on prostate cancer remains undefined and inconclusive(1). Supplemental vitamin C, in 1338 cases of prostate cancer among 29 361 men during up to 8 years of follow-up, also showed no strong support for high-dose antioxidant supplementation for the prevention of prostate cancer(2).
On Androgen-independent (DU145) and androgen-dependent (LNCaP) humanprostate cancer cell lines, vitamin C inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation through production of unidentified free radical(s) generation of hydrogen peroxide(3) and PC-3 through reactive oxygen specie(4) or through increased with temperature in cancer cells(5). Combination of Fe3O4@C nanoparticles (NPs) and Ascorbic acid (AA) enhanced cytotoxicity of PC-3 cells, through created hydroxyl radicals via an oxidative stress process(6). On intravenous (i.v.) vitamin C or ascorbic acid(ascorbate, vitamin C treatment depleted Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)(transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism) and induced autophagy in sensitiveprostate cancer cells{(LaPC4)and in five of the six tested prostate cancer cell lines}(7).
In a study of mixture of nutrients (NM) containing lysine, proline, ascorbic acid and green tea extract, showed that NM inhibited prostate cancer cell line PC-3 and DU-145 through suppression of the secretion of u-PA subunit 1(correlated with matrix proteolysis, cell adhesion, motility, and invasion)(8). Combination of Monensin andvitamin C study showed an enhancement of vitamin C in exhibition of the effect of Monensin in induced apoptosis through increased generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and by induction of a transcriptional profile characteristic of an oxidative stress response(9). In
redox-active form of vitamin C, ascorbate induced apoptosis through induction of cell cycle arrest(10).

Taking altogether, without going through the reviews, vitamin C may be effective in reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer through generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), or cell cycle arrest when used alone or combination with other chemo-agents or phytochmecials. Daily ingestion of high-dose vitamin Cmay be considered safe, but in rare incidence, overdoses in a prolonged period of time, may cause intra-renal oxalate crystal deposition, a fatal nephrotoxicity(11)(22).


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References
(1) Dietary antioxidants and prostate cancer: a review by Vance TM, Su J, Fontham ET, Koo SI, Chun OK(PubMed)
(2) Supplemental and dietary vitamin E, beta-carotene, and vitamin C intakes andprostate cancer risk by Kirsh VA, Hayes RB, Mayne ST, Chatterjee N, Subar AF, Dixon LB, Albanes D, Andriole GL, Urban DA, Peters U; PLCO Trial(PubMed)
(3) Effect of vitamin C on prostate cancer cells in vitro: effect on cell number, viability, and DNA synthesis by Maramag C, Menon M, Balaji KC, Reddy PG, Laxmanan S(PubMed)
(4) Effect of vitamin C on androgen independent prostate cancer cells (PC3 and Mat-Ly-Lu) in vitro: involvement of reactive oxygen species-effect on cell number, viability and DNA synthesis by Menon M, Maramag C, Malhotra RK, Seethalakshmi L(PubMed)
(5) Peroxidase-like activity of Fe3O4@carbon nanoparticles enhances ascorbic acid-induced oxidative stress and selective damage to PC-3 prostate cancer cells by An Q, Sun C, Li D, Xu K, Guo J, Wang C.(PubMed)
(6) Effect of ascorbic acid on reactive oxygen species production in chemotherapy and hyperthermia in prostate cancer cells by Fukumura H, Sato M, Kezuka K, Sato I, Feng X, Okumura S, Fujita T, Yokoyama U, Eguchi H, Ishikawa Y, Saito T(PubMed)
(7) Pharmacological ascorbate induces cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells through ATP depletion and induction of autophagy by Chen P, Yu J, Chalmers B, Drisko J, Yang J, Li B, Chen Q(PubMed)
(8) Down-regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinases and up-regulation of their inhibitors by a novel nutrient mixture in human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145 by Roomi MW, Kalinovsky T, Rath M, Niedzwiecki A(PubMed)
(9) Monensin is a potent inducer of oxidative stress and inhibitor of androgen signaling leading to apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by Ketola K, Vainio P, Fey V, Kallioniemi O, Iljin K(PubMed)
(10) Ascorbate exerts anti-proliferative effects through cell cycle inhibition and sensitizes tumor cells towards cytostatic drugs by Frömberg A, Gutsch D, Schulze D, Vollbracht C, Weiss G, Czubayko F, Aigner A(PubMed)
(11) Fatal vitamin C-associated acute renal failure by McHugh GJ, Graber ML, Freebairn RC.(PubMed)
(12) Ascorbic acid overdosing: a risk factor for calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis by Urivetzky M, Kessaris D, Smith AD.(PubMed)



Women Health: Premenstrual syndrome(PMS): The Adverse effects of Dairy Foods

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                                          Premenstrual syndrome(PMS)


Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.


The Adverse effects of Dairy Products

1. Saturated fat
Dairy food containing high amount of saturated fat, one form of triglycerides increases liver fat accumulation and interferes the function of liver in secreting bile(1) in fat and protein metabolism, leading to nutrients deficiency(2)cause of premenstrual syndrome.

2. Magnesium deficiency
Dairy foods containing substances block the digestive system in mineral absorption, including magnesium. Mg is vital for women with PMS, deficiency may cause nervous tension, leading to anxiety(3) and depression(3) syndrome.

3. Arachidonic acid (AA)
arachidonic acid found diary foods showed to convert to bad prostaglandins hormone(4)(5)in interference with our body in production of good prostaglandins hormone, leading to over active uterine muscle cause of menstrual pain and cramps.

4. Hormone imbalance
Daily products made from milk produced by hormonal enhanced cows may interfere with natural production of menstrual hormones in women body, leading to abnormal menstrual cycle, including premenstrual syndrome in some women(6)(7).
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, 
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References
(1) Overfeeding polyunsaturated and saturated fat causes distinct effects on liverand visceral fat accumulation in humans by Rosqvist F1, Iggman D2, Kullberg J3, Cedernaes J4, Johansson HE1, Larsson A5, Johansson L6, Ahlström H3, Arner P7, Dahlman I7, Risérus U8.(PubMed)
(2) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder. A guide for the treating clinician. Elliott H.(PubMed)
(3) [Magnesium deficiency and anxiety-depressive syndrome in elderly patients with chronic heart failure].[Article in Russian] by Uteva AG, Pimenov LT.(PubMed)
(4) An elucidation of the arachidonic acid cascade. Discovery of prostaglandins, thromboxane and leukotrienes.by Samuelsson B.(PubMed)
(5) Prostaglandins, arachidonic acid, and inflammation by Kuehl FA Jr, Egan RW.(PubMed)
(6) Differences in free estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin in women with and without premenstrual dysphoric disorder by Thys-Jacobs S1, McMahon D, Bilezikian JP.(PubMed)
(7) Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: guidelines for management by Steiner M.(PubMed)



Overcome Infertility - Lifestyle Causes of Infertility

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                    Overcome Infertility 

Infertility is defined as inability of a couple to conceive after 12 months of unprotected sexual intercourse. It effects over 5 millions couple alone in the U. S. and many times more in the world. Because of unawareness of treatments, only 10% seeks help from professional specialist.

           Lifestyle Causes of Infertility

1. Unhealthy diet
a) Unsaturated fat and trans fat
Intake of high levels of saturated fat and trans fat not only cause high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream leading to heart disease and strokes but also decreases the liver in fat and protein metabolism and blood flow to the reproductive organs causing hormone imbalance resulting in disrupting the menstrual cycle in women and increasing the risk o ferectile dysfunction in men.
b) Caffeine
Moderate intake of caffeine does not causes either infertility or miscarry, but over dose of caffeine liking drinking a lot of coffee will increase the risk of infertility and miscarry because caffeine is stimulant causing over production of certain hormones which affect ovulation and hamper conception.
c) Alcohol
Moderate drinking helps to improve blood circulation to the reproductive organ leading to increase the chance of fertility of men and women alike. Excessive drinking in women may increase the production of hormone prolactin which interferes which the ovulation leading to infertility. In men, alcohol interferes with production of testosterone leading low quality of sperm and sexual desire causing male infertility.

2. Biking
Biking may cause the scrotum problem including low sperm count. It is advice for people who like to bike in off road mountain to take precaution to avoid swelling, pain or damaging the reproductive system leading to infertility.

3. Exercise
While rigid exercise reduces the chance of fertility because it interferes with the production of sperm and egg as well as decreasing the brain message to test and ovaries, moderate exercise improves it. It not only decreases the blood flow to the reproductive organs, but also signals the false message to the nervous system to divert all energy to organs other than reproductive system disrupting the flow of qi in the abdomen and stopping ovulation resulting in increasing the risk of infertility.

4. Hot bath and Sun bath
The male body temperature is important for sperm production, it only needs a temperature slight below the core body temperature to interfere with the function of the reproductive system . Hot tubs, saunas, steam room or working in the high heat environment may decrease quality and quantity of sperm resulting in increasing the risk of infertility.

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Monday, August 8, 2016

Food Therapy: Fruits - Raisins( Dry Grape -Vitis)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                             Raisins

Raisin, the dry grape by using the process of the heat of the sun or a mechanical process of oven drying, grows in many parts of the world, including many species, belong to the family Vitaceae. It is classified as A Low-Glycemic food, thus releasing glucose slowly into blood stream.


Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3.Dietary fiber
4. Fat (Saturated, Mono-unsaturated and Poly-unsaturated fat)
5. Protein
6. Calcium
7. Magnesium
8. Potassium
9. Phosphorus
10. Sodium
11. Iron
12. Zinc
13. Vitamin A
14. Etc.


Health benefits
A. Health benefits according to studies
1. Polyphenol, phenolic acid, and tannin (PPT)
In the observation of polyphenol, phenolic acid, and tannin (PPT) of raisins and theirs effect health benefits found that in human intervention studies, raisins can lower the postprandial insulin response, modulate sugar absorption (glycemic index), affect certain oxidative biomarkers, and promote satiety via leptin and ghrelin. However, only limited numbers of studies have been performed, and it is not clear to what extent the PPT component is responsible for any effects, according to "Polyphenol content and health benefits of raisins" by Williamson G, Carughi A.(a)

2. Antioxidants
In the classification of phenolic content of grapes, sun-dried raisins, and goldenraisins and their effect on ex vivo serum antioxidant capacity found that consumption of a serving of grapes or raisins each day, in addition to a typical diet, may not be sufficient to overcome postprandial oxidation when consumed with other high carbohydrate foods but may have beneficial antioxidant effects over time, according to "Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of grapes, sun-dried raisins, and golden raisins and their effect on ex vivo serum antioxidant capacity" by Parker TL, Wang XH, Pazmiño J, Engeseth NJ.(b)

3. Type II diabetes
In the analyzing the polyphenols in grape and grape product and their effects in type II diabetes
found that grapes and other fruits contain numerous polyphenols, including the stilbene resveratrol, the flavanol quercetin, catechins, and anthocyanins that have shown potential for reducing hyperglycemia, improving beta-cell function, and protecting against beta-cell loss. Therefore, with a low mean GI and GL, grapes or grape products may provide health benefits to type 2 diabetics, according to "Type 2 diabetes and glycemic response to grapes or grape products" by Zunino S.(c)

4. Tumors
In the determination of dietary grape polyphenols and their effect on bone health found that the combined effect of dietary grape polyphenols (5 mg/kg each resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin) was tested on progression of mammary tumors in nude mice created from green fluorescent protein-tagged MDA-MB-435bone metastatic variant. Fluorescence image analysis of primary tumor growth demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in tumor area by dietary grape polyphenols, according to "Inhibition of mammary tumor growth and metastases to bone and liver by dietary grape polyphenols" by Castillo-Pichardo L, Martínez-Montemayor MM, Martínez JE, Wall KM, Cubano LA, Dharmawardhane S.(d)

5. Immunosuppressive properties
In the research of the effects of resveratrol, a natural polyphenol found in grapes and grape products found that the immunosuppressive properties of resveratrol, which may be therapeutically useful in controlling chronic immune and/or inflammatory diseases through the down-regulation of DC differentiation and maturation, according to "Resveratrol inhibits phenotypic and functional maturation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells" by

Kim GY, Cho H, Ahn SC, Oh YH, Lee CM, Park YM. (e)

6. Etc.
B. Health benefits according to concentration
1. ProteinProtein in Soybean is not only beneficial to the cardiovascular diseases, according to the study of "Soy protein, isoflavones, andcardiovascular health: an American Heart Association Science Advisory for professionals from the Nutrition Committee" by Sacks FM, Lichtenstein A, Van Horn L, Harris W, Kris-Etherton P, Winston M; American Heart Association Nutrition Committee(6), but also plays an important role in treating diabetes, according to "Effects of soy protein and isoflavones on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity: a 6-mo double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in postmenopausal Chinese women with prediabetes or untreated earlydiabetes" by Liu ZM, Chen YM, Ho SC, Ho YP, Woo J.(I)

2. Dietary fiberDaily intake of right amount of fibers can prevent and treatDiabetes. As Increased consumption of vegetables, whole grains, and soluble and insoluble fiber is associated with improved glucose metabolism in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis were more evident in participants following a plant-based diet compared with other commonly used diets, according to the study of "Efficacy of high-fiber diets in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus" by Wolfram T, Ismail-Beigi F.(II)

3. PotassiumBeside is a important minerals for lymphatic function in regulating the body fluids, it is also essential in preventing the forming of kidney stone, according to the study of "Empiric use of potassium citrate reduces kidney-stone incidence with the ketogenic diet" by McNally MA, Pyzik PL, Rubenstein JE, Hamdy RF, Kossoff EH., posted in PubMed(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19596731), researchers wrote in conclusion that Oral potassium citrate is an effective preventive supplement against kidney stones in children who receive the KD, achieving its goal of urine alkalinization. Universal supplementation is warranted.

4. Calcium
calcium is best known for its effect in bone health, but it is also vital for
a. Obesity
In the investigation of low calcium intake as a risk factor for overweight andobesity found that Calcium/dairy supplementation may accentuate the impact of a weight-reducing program in obese low calcium consumers. • Calcium/dairy supplementation promotes fecal fat loss and fat oxidation. • Calcium/dairy supplementation favors a decrease in energy intake and a facilitation of appetite control in obese individuals during weight loss, according to "Human obesity: is insufficient calcium/dairy intake part of the problem?" by Tremblay A, Gilbert JA. (IIa)

b. Cardiovascular diseases
In the assessment of Calcium supplementation and its effect incardiovascular disease found that two years after initiation, women who have consistently received supplementation with calcium and vitamin D do not experience more cardiovascular events or deaths than women who received minimal supplementation, according to "Calcium supplementation,cardiovascular disease and mortality in older women" by Shah SM, Carey IM, Harris T, DeWilde S, Cook DG.(IIb)

c. Weight loss
In the study of the role of dairy calcium intake and serum vitamin D concentrations in weight loss found both higher dairy calcium intake and increased serum vitamin D are related to greater diet-induced weight loss. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00160108, according to "Dairy calcium intake, serum vitamin D, and successful weight loss" by

Shahar DR, Schwarzfuchs D, Fraser D, Vardi H, Thiery J, Fiedler GM, Blüher M, Stumvoll M, Stampfer MJ, Shai I; DIRECT Group.(IIc)
5. IronBeside as a mineral in carrying life-giving oxygen to human blood cells and maintaining robust health as an essential protein component for metabolism, it also helps in synthesis of a number of essential neurotransmitters like dopamine, nor-epinephrine, along with serotonin. acccording to the study of "Brain Iron Dysregulation and the Risk of Ageing White Matter Lesions" by Gebril OH, Simpson JE, Kirby J, Brayne C, Ince PG., posted in PubMed, researchers found that The mRNA expression using QPCR suggests a pattern that favours decreased intracellular iron influx, increased ferrous oxidation and increased iron export from the cells. Iron metabolism seems to be changed in brains with WML, increased elemental iron in these brains and in turn increased production of free oxidative radicals could represent a potentiating factor for the development of ageing WML. .
6. Etc.C. Other health benefits
1. Cardivascular diseaseSince raisin contains high amount of phenols, a powerful antioxidant, it enhances the immune system awareness in fighting against the forming of free radical, thus reduce the risk of abnormal cell growth. It also prevents the oxidation of cholesterol, thereby, decreasing the risk of heart diseases and stroke, according to the study of "The polyphenol-rich extract from grape seeds inhibits platelet signaling pathways triggered by both proteolytic and non-proteolytic agonists" by Olas B, Wachowicz B, Stochmal A, Oleszek W., posted in PubMed(1)

2. ConstipationSince it also contains high amount of fiber, it promotes the movement of large intestine, thus reducing the chance of constipation, according to the study of "Fiber (glucomannan) is beneficial in the treatment of childhood constipation" by Loening-Baucke V, Miele E, Staiano A., posted in PubMed(2)

3. Oxygen transportationRaisin contains high amount of iron that helps in the production of red blood cells and formation hemoglobin that are necessary in absorbing oxygen for the body's cells need, according to the article of "Minerals", posted in VeganPeace(3)

4. Cholesterol
Since it contains high levels of Omega 3 fatty, it raises the ratio of good cholesterol, thus reducing the risk of bad cholesterol clotting and plaguing the arterial wall, causing heart diseases and stroke, according to the study of "Addressing lipid treatment targets beyond cholesterol: a role for prescription omega-3 fatty acid therapy" by Dall TL, Bays H., posted in PubMed(4)

5. Fluid regulation
Potassium in raisin helps to balance the ratio with sodium that promote the lymphatic function in regulating the fluid in the body, thus reducing the risk of water retention, according to the article of "Potassium -A key factor in maintaining health", posted in Natural health Information Center(5)

6. Etc.

Side Effects
NO known side effect

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet


Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20851304
(b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17880162
(c) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19625702
(d) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19294520(e)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996416

(I) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713332
(IIa) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22081691(IIb)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19757413(IIc)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20810979(II)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20335543

(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21958130
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14993586
(3)http://www.veganpeace.com/nutrient_information/nutrient_info/minerals_info.htm
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19279539
(5) http://www.natural-health-information-centre.com/potassium.html

Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy - Popular Chinese Herbs - Ku Gua (fructus Momordicae charantiae)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Ku Gua (fructus Momordicae charantiae)


Ku Gua, Liang gua, Ban sheng gua is also known as bitter melon. The bitter and cold herb has been used in TCM as an antivirus, anti-cancer, anti-malaria agent and to lower blood lipids and blood sugar, treat , etc., as it clear heat, reduce toxins, etc. by enhancing the function of heart, lung, spleen and stomach channels

Ingredients
1. 5α-Stigmasta-7,25-dien-3β-ol
2. 5-hydroxytryptamine
3. Alkaloids
4. α-Elaeostearic-acid
5. Ascorbigen
6. β-sitosterol-d-glucoside
7. Charantin
8. Cirulline
9. Cryptoxanthin (cryptoxanthol)
10. Elasterol
11. Flavochrome
12. Fluoride
13. Gamma-aminobutyric acid
14. Galacturonic acid
15. Lanosterol
16. Lutein
17. Lycopene
18. Momordicin
19. Etc.


Health Benefits
1. Cytotoxicity Activities
In the isolation of two new cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides called charantagenins D (1) and E (2) and one new sterol , 7-oxo-stigmasta-5,25-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) have from the fruit of momordica charantia L. together with eight known compounds, showed significant cytotoxic activity against 3 cell lines and the concentrations to inhibit 50% of cells (IC50) values of 1 to A549, U87 and Hep3B were much lower (1.07,1.08,14.01 μg/mL), according to”Structures of New Triterpenoids and Cytotoxicity Activities of the Isolated Major Compounds from the Fruit of Momordica charantia L” by Wang X, Sun W, Qu H, Cao J, Zhao Y, Bi X.(1).

2. Antioxidants
In the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the total aqueous extract (TAE) and total phenolic extract (TPE) of Momordica charantia fruits, indicated that the extract at 50 microg/mL also had significant and slightly protective effects on fibroblasts against H(2)O(2)- and HX-XO-induced damage, respectively. RCF was more tolerant toward the damage. For keratinocytes, a dose-dependent relationship of oxidant toxicity was only seen with H(2)O(2) but the protective action of the extract correlated with oxidant dosage. At 200 and 300 microg/mL TPE, cytoprotection was dose-dependent against oxidants, according to “In vitro evaluation of antioxidants of fruit extract of Momordica charantia L. on fibroblasts and keratinocytes” by Kumar R, Balaji S, Sripriya R, Nithya N, Uma TS, Sehgal PK.(2).


3. Anti diabetes
In the examination of the effect of BM supplementation on cell size and lipid metabolism in adipose tissues, showed that BM can reduce insulin resistance as effective as the anti-diabetic drug TZD. Furthermore, BM can suppress the visceral fat accumulation and inhibit adipocyte hypertrophy, which may be associated with markedly down regulated expressions of lipogenic genes in the adipose, according to “Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) inhibits adipocyte hypertrophy and down regulates lipogenic gene expression in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese rats” by Huang HL, Hong YW, Wong YH, Chen YN, Chyuan JH, Huang CJ, Chao PM.(3).

4. Trypanocide, cytotoxic, and antifungal activities
In the evaluation of the extract of M. charantia for its antiepimastigote, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities, found that the effective concentration capable of killing 50% of parasites (IC(50)) was 46.06 µg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was ≤ 1024 µg/mL. Metronidazole showed a potentiation of its antifungal effect when combined with an extract of M. charantia, according to “Trypanocide, cytotoxic, and antifungal activities of Momordica charantia” by Santos KK, Matias EF, Sobral-Souza CE, Tintino SR, Morais-Braga MF, Guedes GM, Santos FA, Sousa AC, Rolón M, Vega C, de Arias AR, Costa JG, Menezes IR, Coutinho HD.(4).

5. Metabolic syndrome
In the investigation of whether bitter melon seed (BMS) alleviates the symptoms associated with metabolic syndrome and elucidate the mechanism by which BMS exerts beneficial effects, found that BMS improves the serum and liver lipid profiles and serum glucose levels by modulating PPAR-γ gene expression. To our knowledge, this study for the first time shows that BMS exerts cardioprotective effects by down-regulating the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, according to “Dietary bitter melon seed increases peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ gene expression in adipose tissue, down-regulates the nuclear factor-κB expression, and alleviates the symptoms associated with metabolic syndrome” by Gadang V, Gilbert W, Hettiararchchy N, Horax R, Katwa L, Devareddy L.(5).

6. Antileishmania
In the determination of Aqueous extract of the green fruits of the Indian plant Momordica charantia and purified Momordicatin structurally established as 4-(o-carboethoxyphenyl) butanol in vitro and in vivo for their effect against kala-azar caused by Leishmania donovani. revealed that the mode of action of these newly found antileishmanial agents is mediated through inhibiting parasite SOD which is one of the key enzymes of the oxidative burst. It may be proposed from the present study that both crude extract of Momordica charantia and Momordicatin obtained from the fruits of the said plant may be considered as potential candidates towards developing new chemotherapeutics against leishmaniasis, according to “Momordicatin purified from fruits of Momordica charantia is effective to act as a potent antileishmania agent” by Gupta S, Raychaudhuri B, Banerjee S, Das B, Mukhopadhaya S, Datta SC.(6).

7. Anti cancers
In the observation of methanol extracts from leaves of 51 plant species from Brazilian plants collected in the State of Minas Geraiswere for their cytotoxicity against four tumor cell lines: B16 (murine skin), HL-60 (human leukemia), MCF-7 (human breast), and HCT-8 (human colon) showed that The most active extracts against the tumor cells were those obtained from Lantana fucata, Copaifera langsdorffii, and Momordica charantia. These three extracts inhibited sea urchin development from the first cleavage, but those from C. langsdorffii and M. charantia were very active against mouse erythrocytes. Only the L. fucata extract presented no hemolytic activity, according to “Evaluation of native and exotic Brazilian plants for anticancer activity” by dos Santos Júnior HM, Oliveira DF, de Carvalho DA, Pinto JM, Campos VA, Mourão AR, Pessoa C, de Moraes MO, Costa-Lotufo LV.(7).


8. Antiulcer activity
In the study of evaluation of the effect of standardized methanolic extract of Momordica charantia L. fruits on gastric and duodenal ulcers, revealed that The healing of acetic acid induced gastric ulcer was increased by both doses of the extract. In pylorus-ligated rats, the extract showed significant decrease in ulcer index, total acidity, free acidity and pepsin content and an increase in gastric mucosal content. The extract also reduced the ulcer index in stress induced, ethanol induced and indomethacin induced gastric ulcers and cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer, according to “Antiulcer activity of methanolic extract of Momordica charantia L. in rats” by Alam S, Asad M, Asdaq SM, Prasad VS.(8).

9. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding with out approval first with the related field specialist
2. May not be used in case of kidney yang deficiency
3. Over odses can be toxic that lead to immunotoxicity and hepatotoxicity(a)
4. Etc.

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Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22172326
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22369241
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20070086
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17651527

(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22235885
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21128828
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20132905
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20127421
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19501279 r