Medical Advisor Journals

Tuesday, September 6, 2016

Phytochemicals in Foods- The Effects of Carnosol

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Carnosol

Carnosol, a phytochemical monophenols, found in several labiate herbs like Rosemary and Sage.. It is best known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Health Benefits
1. Anti-inflammatory effects
In the study of The increased adhesion of monocytes to injured endothelial layers and the effect of carnosol and rosemary essential oils found that the essential oil inhibit the adhesion of TNFalpha-induced monocytes to endothelial cells and suppress the expression of ICAM-1 at the transcriptional level, according to "Dual mechanisms of NF-kappaB inhibition in carnosol-treated endothelial cells" by Lian KC, Chuang JJ, Hsieh CW, Wung BS, Huang GD, Jian TY, Sun YW(1)

2. Prostate Cancer
In the evaluation of Dietetic Factors of Mediterranean Diet and it effects on Prostate Cancer found that the preventive effect of MD (high daily ingestion of vegetarian products (cereals, legums, dried and fresh fruits, tubercles, vegetables..) is due to the great number and quality of phytochemicals ((lycopene, lupeol, quercetin, genistein, carnosol, resveratrol, catechins, vitamins..) with antioxidant and antinflammatory properties that contains, according to "Dietetic Factors Associated With Prostate Cancer. Protective Effects of Mediterranean Diet.[Article in English, Spanish]" by Ferrís-Tortajada J, Berbel-Tornero O, García-Castell J, Ortega-García JA, López-Andreu JA.(2)

3. Cancer prevention
In the demonstration of scientific evidence from all studies, published from 1996 to March 2010 and their study of protective effects of rosemary on colorectal cancer and other types of cancer found that rosemary to suppress the development of tumors in several organs including the colon, breast, liver, stomach, as well as melanoma and leukemia cells. The results suggested that the different molecular targets modulated by rosemary and its active constituents are useful indicators of success in clinical cancer chemo-prevention trials, according to "Rosemary and cancer prevention: preclinical perspectives" by Ngo SN, Williams DB, Head RJ.(3)

4. Anti-cancer
In this demonstration of the Mediterranean diet and more specifically certain meats, fruits, vegetables, and olive oil found in certain parts of the Mediterranean region and it effects in Cancer found that carnosol targets multiple deregulated pathways associated with inflammation and cancer that include nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), apoptotic related proteins, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3 K)/Akt, androgen and estrogen receptors, as well as molecular targets. In addition,carnosol appears to be well tolerated in that it has a selective toxicity towards cancer cells versus non-tumorigenic cells and is well tolerated when administered to animals, according to "Carnosol: a promising anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agent" by Johnson JJ.(4)

5. Liver cancer
In the study of Rosemarry essential oil (0.005%-0.02%) and carnosol (5 and 10 mol/L) and it effcets on Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 found that pretreatment of the HepG2 cells with essential oil and carnosol exerted significant cytoprotective effects against H(2)O(2) or alcohol, according to "Upregulation of NF-E2-related factor-2-dependent glutathione by carnosol provokes a cytoprotective response and enhances cell survival" by Chen CC, Chen HL, Hsieh CW, Yang YL, Wung BS.(5)

6. Skin diseases
In the evaluation of the effects of extracts and purified compounds from fresh leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis L., including carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS) showed that ethanolic extract, carnosic acid and carnosol significantly inhibited the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line, according to 'Suppression of COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α expression and leukocyte infiltration in inflamed skin by bioactive compounds from Rosmarinus officinalis L" by Mengoni ES, Vichera G, Rigano LA, Rodriguez-Puebla ML, Galliano SR, Cafferata EE, Pivetta OH, Moreno S, Vojnov AA.(6)

7. Skin-whitening
In the measurement of the melanin content by using B16 melanoma cells is generally applied to find novel skin-whitening agents found that Carnosol, and rottlerin strongly inhibited the tyrosinase promoter activity. Moreover, carnosol and rottlerin decreased melanin synthesis and tyrosinase expression in a dose-dependent manner when using B16 melanoma cells. These results indicate this new luciferase reported assay system to be an effective and convenient method for screening potential skin-whitening compounds, according to "Novel screening method for potential skin-whitening compounds by a luciferase reporter assay" by Shirasugi I, Sakakibara Y, Yamasaki M, Nishiyama K, Matsui T, Liu MC, Suiko M.(7)

8. Lung injury
In the observation of Carnosol, a phenolic diterpeneand it effects on lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) found that carnosol markedly reduced lung injury by increasing the tissue superoxide activity and decreasing the myeloperoxidase activity and interleukin-6 level, which was parallel to the decreased expression of ICAM-1 and NF-kappaB, according to "Protective effect of carnosol on lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion" by Tian XF, Yao JH, Zhang XS, Zheng SS, Guo XH, Wang LM, Wang ZZ, Liu KX.(8)

9. Atherosclerosis
In the study of oral RE (77.7 mg) for 21 days, consisting of active substancescarnosol (0.97 mg), carnosic (8.60 mg) and rosmarinic acid (10.30 mg) and it effect on Atherosclerosis found that Among the serum markers, only the mean PAI-1 level decreased significantly (4.25 ± 1.46 U/mL vs 3.0 ± 0.61 U/mL, p = 0.012) after 21-day RE supplementation. It is concluded that oral RE supplementation has the potential to improve serum PAI-1 activity and ED in young and healthy individuals, according to "Rosemary extracts improve flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery and plasma PAI-1 activity in healthy young volunteers" by Sinkovic A, Suran D, Lokar L, Fliser E, Skerget M, Novak Z, Knez Z.(9)

10. Antimicrobial activity
In the determination of EtOH/H2O extracts from the leaves and stems of Rosmarinus officinalis L and it antimicrobial effects found that antimicrobial activity of the extract from the leaves of R. officinalis may be ascribed mainly to the action of carnosic acid (2) and carnosol (3), according to "Antimicrobial activity of Rosmarinus officinalis against oral pathogens: relevance of carnosic acid and carnosol' by Bernardes WA, Lucarini R, Tozatti MG, Souza MG, Silva ML, Filho AA, Martins CH, Crotti AE, Pauletti PM, Groppo M, Cunha WR.(10)

11. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
In the evaluation of Carnosol, from the herb rosemary, has been shown to induce apoptotic cell death in high-risk pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) found that carnosol blocks the terminal apoptotic events induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and suggest that increased dietary intake of carnosol may potentially decrease the effectiveness of some standard chemotherapy treatments used for leukemia, according to "Carnosol delays chemotherapy-induced DNA fragmentation and morphological changes associated with apoptosis in leukemic cells" by Zunino SJ, Storms DH.(11)

12. Etc.

Overdoses of Carnosol may cause kidney failure. If you have kidney disease or are pregnant, please do not use the herb with out approval of the related field specialist.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy - Popular Chinese Herbs - Mang Xiao or Xuan Ming Fen (Natrium sulfuricum)

Mang Xiao or Xuan Ming Fen (Natrium sulfuricum)

Mang Xiao or Xuan Ming Fen (Natrium sulfuricum) is also known as sodium sulfate. The salty, bitter and cold herb has been used in TCM totreat constipation with dark urine, fullness, pain in abdomen, conjunctivitis, boils in mouth and tongue, etc., as it softens what is hard, eliminates Heat, etc., by enhancing the functions of stomach and large intestine channels.

Ingredients
sodium sulfate (Na2SO4 ·10H 2 O)
Health Benefits
1. Bronchopneumonia
In the study to investigate the effect of a combination of calcium gluconate, magnesium sulfuricum, natrium salycilate, analgin, vit. C, vit. B1 and norsulfasol diluted in physiological solution of natrium chloride and 5% glucose, Dr Planski B and the research team showed that the combination was applied intravenously or per os on two groups of calves suffering from bronchopneumonia. It was established that in calves treated with the combination sialic acid is reduced as compared to calves treated only with antibiotics(1).

2. Ischemia-induced brain edema
In the study to examine the effect of Natrii sulfas, a treatment for stroke patients suffering constipation in Oriental medicine, scientists at the College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University indicated that . Natrii sulfas reduced the excess Bax and HSP72 expressions in ischemic brain, which was statistically significant in the penumbra of the cerebral cortex but not in the caudate putamen. These results suggest Natrii sulfas has a protective effect on ischemia-induced brain edema and improves the physiological symptoms(2).

3. Etc.

Side effects
1. Do not use the herb in case of spleen deficiency
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children, or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with related field specialist
3. Etc.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/549262
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19507272

Phytochemicals for Treatment of Lung cancer (Non-small-cell and small cell lung cancer)

Phytochemials are defined as a group of chemical compound found naturally in plants, including fruits, vegetables, beans, grains, etc. Many studies have proven that they can because of certain phytochemicals, but for what ever reason, there are either no clinical trials follow through or the studies can not make to stage of clinical trials. Do not expect the pharmateutical or foods industrial companies to pay for the researches, as the discovery of the phytochemicals to cure cancers can only dampen the profits of both industries as phytochemicals can not be patented.

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells growing and multiplying disordered and uncontrollable way in our body, have become progressively worse and damaged other healthy tissues, sometimes spreads to other organs in the body via lymph or blood and results may be in death.
Food intake can help to prevent and treat cancers.

Lung cancer (Non-small-cell and small cell lung cancer)

Lung is a vital organ of the human being, located near the backbone on either side of the heart with functions of inhaling oxygen from the air then transporting them to the bloodstream to nourish the body cells need and exhaling carbondioxide from the bloodstream.

Lung cancer is defined as a condition of the abnormal growth of the cells in the lung's tissue. Most common form of primary lung cancers are derived from epithelial cells. In Us, Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, causing 158,683 people deaths, including 88,329 men and 70,354 women, according to 2007 statistic.

Types of lung cancer
A. Non small cell lung cancer
Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer. It usually grows and spreads methodically and predictably.Most common types of lung cancers include
1. Squamous-cell carcinoma often found in an outer area of the lung,
2. Large-cell carcinoma found in the center of the lung by an air tube
3. Adenocarcinoma found in any part of the lung.

B. Small cell lung cancer
Small cell lung cancer is a fast-growing type of lung cancer, it can spread to distant parts of the body in a relatively early stage. Most common types of small cell lung cancer include
1. Small cell carcinoma in which the cells are small, round and resemble oats.
2. Mixed small cell/large cell carcinoma in which malignant tumor found in combining of components of small cell lung carcinoma with large cell lung carcinoma.
3. Combined small cell carcinoma in which malignant tumor found in combining of a component of small cell lung carcinoma with components of non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Types of food to prevent and treat lung cancer
1. Orange, papaya, peaches, avocado, pea, grapefruit, kiwi
Cryptoxanthin is a phytochemincal of Yellow pigments in the class of Xanthophylls , belonging to the group of Carotenoids (tetraterpenoids), found abundantly in orange, papaya, peaches, avocado, pea, grapefruit, kiwi, etc. In the study to assess the roles of dietary antioxidants in the development of lung cancer. Between April 1993 and December 1998, 63,257 Chinese men and women ages 45-74 years in Singapore participated in a prospective study of diet andcancer, found that A Singapore food composition database was used to estimate intake of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein/zeaxanthin, vitamins A, C, and E, and folate in study subjects. During the first 8 years of follow-up, 482 lung cancer cases occurred among cohort members. High levels of dietary beta-cryptoxanthin were associated with reduced risk of lung cancer(1)

2. Grapes, orange, wolfberry
In the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer, 58,279 men of ages 55-69 years at baseline in 1986 returned a questionnaire including a 150-item food frequency questionnaire. After 6.3 years of follow-up, 939 male lung cancer cases were registered showed that Protective effects on lung cancer incidence were found for lutein + zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, folate, and vitamin C(2).

3. Grapes and berries
In the examination of study the mechanism of myricetin and its effect on the HepG-2 cell line found that Myricetin significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of HepG-2 in a dose-dependent manner, which is accompanied with G2/M and S phase arrest. In addition, myricetin also increases the activation of caspase 3,9 and results in a depolarization and delta psi m collapse in a dose-dependent manner, according to "[Studies on mechanism ofmyricetin-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cells].[Article in Chinese]" by Zhang X, Ling Y, Yu H, Ji Y.(3)

4. Algae and tomatoes
in the analyzing the associations between dietary beta-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, vitamin A, serum beta-carotene, and serum retinol and the lung cancer risk in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-CaroteneCancer Prevention Study cohort of male smokers conducted in southwestern Finland between 1985 and 1993, showed that Consumption of fruits and vegetables was associated with a lower lung cancer risk (relative risk = 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.86, highest vs. lowest quintile). Lower risks of lung cancer were observed for the highest versus the lowest quintiles of lycopene (28%), lutein/zeaxanthin (17%), beta-cryptoxanthin (15%), total carotenoids (16%), serum beta-carotene (19%), and serum retinol (27%). These findings suggest that high fruit and vegetable consumption, particularly a diet rich in carotenoids, tomatoes, and tomato-based products, may reduce the risk of lung cancer.(4).

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease,
particular in treatment of menstrual disorder in Women Health

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14504200
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10794479
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20617691
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12226001

Women Health: Menstrual Disorders - Secondary menorrhagia Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Conventional medicine Perspective

The Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are drugs with analgesic and antipyretic, anti-inflammatory effects, including over counter medicine aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. The medicine has been use to reduce blood loss (it has been shown to be effective in randomized controlled trials, reducing menstrual blood loss (MBL) by 29.0% (95% CI 27.9 to 30.2%). and menstrual cramps and pain for women with menorrhagia)
2. Risks and side effects
a. Stomach bleeding
b. Heart failure
c. Toxicity to the kidneys, ears, and stomach
d. Heart diseases
e. Some researchers advised that Taking more than one NSAID is risky.
f. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease,
particular in treatment of menstrual disorder in Women Health

Women Health: The Obesity and Polycystic ovary syndrome Research and Studies of Gene GYS2 as a novel genetic factor for polycystic ovary syndrome through obesity-related condition

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries as resulting of enlarged ovaries, leading to hormone imbalance( excessive androgen), resulting in male pattern hair development, acne,irregular period or absence of period, weight gain and effecting fertility. It effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women.

The Studies of Gene GYS2 as a novel genetic factor for polycystic ovary syndrome through obesity-related condition

In a genome-wide association study to investigate the role of genetic predisposition in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in relation to obesity in Koreans (n=1741), by the Osong Health Technology Administration complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, posted in PubMed, showed that there is a significant associations of GYS2 for body mass index in the discovery stage. The study provides a preliminary framework upon diverse genetic effects underlying PCOS in Korean women.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Overcome Infertility: Scrotal sonographyof Male Infertility In Conventional medicine Perspective

Infertility is defined as inability of a couple to conceive after 12 months of unprotected sexual intercourse. It effects over 5 millions couple alone in the U. S. and many times more in the world. Because of unawareness of treatments, only 10% seeks help from professional specialist.

Scrotal sonographyof Male Infertility In Conventional medicine Perspective

I. Definition
Scrotal sonography is used to evaluate the testicle disorder and surrounding organs including prostate gland, epididymis, absent or undescended testicles and any testicle abnormality.

II. Procedure
You need to come into the ultrasound laboratory for the test.

III. Diagnosis
The test is important if a patient has acute pain in the scrotum and usually used to take images for evaluating disorders of the testicle.
1. If the doctor or patient found a mass in the scrotum, the scrotal sonography will help to determine whether a mass is cystic or solid. Does the mass will interfere with reproductive process or it cause any problem with normal sperm production such as tubal blockage.

2. It also helps to diagnose the causes of testicular pain
a) Swelling or inflammation
It helps to determine the inflammatory condition of the testicles caused by infectious process such as a tumor that cause swelling.
b) Torsion .
Torsion is defined as a twisting of testicle causing blocking the flow of blood to or from testicle, abnormal attachment of the epididymis to the wall of the scrotum testicle.

3. Trauma to the scrotal area
it can review the causes of trauma such as a hematocele (a collection of blood that surrounds the testicle), bruise or rupture of the testicle.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

General Health: Colitis as a result of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - The Conventional medicine Treatments

According to the study by Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, types of colitis include
microscopic colitis, ischemic colitis, segmental colitis associated with diverticula, radiation colitis, diversion colitis, eosinophilic colitis and Behcet's colitis(a).

The Treatments

Treatments in the conventional medicine is depending to the types of colitis.
A.1. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
A.1.1. Non surgical therapy
1. Self care at home
a. Through home telemanagement
In a a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate a home telemanagement system for UC (UC HAT) on disease activity, quality of life (QoL), and adherence compared to best available care (BAC), showed that UC HAT did not improve disease activity, QoL, or adherence compared to BAC after 1 year, but after adjustment for baseline disease knowledge, UC HAT trial completers experienced significant gains in disease-specific QoL from baseline compared to BAC trial completers. The results suggested a potential benefit of UC HAT. Further research is indicated to determine if telemedicine improves outcomes in patients withIBD(77).

b. Web-guided therapy
In the study to test the thesis: 1) In a European evidence based consensus to assess the IBD patients' need for Quality of Health Care (QoHC); 2) To validate the influence of a Patient Educational Center (PEC) and a web-based treatment solution program, www.constant-care.dk, on patients' disease self-management, adherence, Quality of Life, and disease course after 1 year of self-initiated 5-ASA treatment. UC patients in a conventional out-patient setting were used as controls; 3) To validate two new quantitative rapid tests (RT scanning and HT photo) for Faecal Calprotectin (FC) measurement, and to assess whether HT photo can be useful as a home test to help the patients deciding on self-initiated treatment, found that the new rapid home test (HT photo) was accurate and comparable with the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with a 90% specificity and a 96% sensitivity. The rapid test can be useful in clinical settings concerning disease self-monitoring at home, which would decrease the use of endoscopy in some cases. The findings corresponded well with action plan for a European e-Health Area and could be a helpful tool to provide more efficient healthcare for UC patients. Widespread implementation of the "Constant-Care" is possible, but it may require a reshaping of the current health care for IBD patients both legally and economically. It may also empower patients in disease self-management and reduce dependency on doctors(78).

3. Pain management
Abdominal pain is a common symptom in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and has a profound negative impact on patients' lives. According to the study byUniversity Clinic of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, there is growing evidence linking peripheral and mucosal immune changes and abdominal pain in IBS, supporting disturbed peripheral pain signalling. Findings in post-infectious IBS emphasize the interaction between centrally-mediated psychosocial risk factors and local inflammation in predicting long-term IBS symptoms. Investigating afferent immune-to-brain communication in visceral hyperalgesia as a component of the sickness response constitutes a promising future research goal(78a).

4. Biological therapy, including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immune modifiers, anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents, antibiotics, etc.
a. According to the study conducted by Helsinki University Central Hospital, with questionnaire rerponse including demographic questions and questions aboutIBD patients' use of biological medications, indicated that the use ofantidepressants (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.28-1.61), anxiolytics (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.31-1.78), oral bisphosphonates (OR: 6.08, 95% CI: 4.56-8.11), cardiovascular medications (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.24-1.54), antibiotics (OR: 4.01, 95% CI: 3.57-4.51), proton pump inhibitors (OR: 3.90, 95% CI: 3.48-4.36), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.28) was significantly more common in IBD than among the controls. The study also said that those who used antidepressants, anxiolytics, or analgesics had significantly impaired HRQoL (p < 0.001)(79a).
Also in the study of one hundred and twenty-five patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria who were issued questionnaires, of these 78 questionnaires were returned (62 percent response), showed that 33 patients (42 percent) preferred infliximaband 19 patients (24 percent) preferred adalimumab (p = 0.07). Twenty-six patients (33 percent) did not indicate a preference for either biological therapy and were not included in the final analysis. The commonest reason cited for those who chose infliximab (iv) was: "I do not like the idea of self-injecting," (67 percent). For those patients who preferred adalimumab (sc) the commonest reason cited was: "I prefer the convenience of injecting at home," (79 percent). Of those patients who had previously been treated with an anti-TNF therapy (n = 10, all infliximab) six patients stated that they would prefer infliximab if given the choice in the future (p = 0.75)(79). Other study indiacted that the anti-TNFα inhibitors represent a momentous advance in the treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis refractory to conventional treatments. They offer significant benefits in quality of life and mucosal healing, and may have the potential to change the evolution of the disease when given early(80).
Treatment with anti-TNF antibodies is accompanied by sexual dimorphic profile of ADR with female patients being more at risk for allergic reactions and subsequent discontinuation of the treatment, according to the department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center(81).

b. Side effects
Side of below medication are not limit to
b.1. Aminosalicylates
Side effects include Trouble breathing, Hives, Swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat, etc.

b.2. Corticosteroids
According to the study by, Short-term corticosteroid use is associated with generally mild side effects, including cutaneous effects, electrolyte abnormalities, hypertension, hyperglycemia, pancreatitis, hematologic, immunologic, and neuropsychologic effects, although occasionally, clinically significant side effectsmay occur. Long-term corticosteroid use may be associated with more serious sequel, including osteoporosis, aseptic joint necrosis, adrenal insufficiency, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and ophthalmologic effects, hyperlipidemia, growth suppression, and possible congenital malformations(81a).

b.3. Immune modifiers
Side effects include flu-like symptoms including fever, chills, nausea, appetite loss, etc.

b.4. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents
b.4.1. Infliximab-induced or-exacerbated psoriatic lesions(82)
b.4.2. A rare cancer of white blood cells
b.4.3. Risk of opportunistic infections
b.4.4. TB and fungal infection

b.5. Antibiotics
Side effects include dry eyes, mouth and skin, ringing in his ears, delayed urination, uncontrollable shaking, etc.

5. Probiotics
According to the study by the University of Washington, Seattle, in a an altered or pathogenic microbiota causes inflammation in a genetically susceptible individual, indicated that Probiotics have some efficacy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), but our current repertoire is limited in potency. Fecal microbiota therapy (FMT) is an emerging treatment for several gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders. It has demonstrated efficacy in treating refractory Clostridium difficile infection, and there are case reports of FMT successfully treating UC(82).

6. Etc.

A.1.2. Surgical treatments
In certain cases, surgical treatment may be necessary depending to type of colitis and patient's condition.
1. Colectomy
Colectomy is a surgical treatment in removing the colon. In the study using the University of Manitoba Inflammatory Bowel Disease Epidemiology Database, a population-based data set including UC patients with up to 25 years of post diagnosis follow-up, found that the cumulative incidence of colectomy in UC is lower than previously reported, and appears to be decreasing further among more recently diagnosed cohorts of patients. Male sex and hospitalization at the time of diagnosis are major risk factors for EC and LC(83)
But according to the study by Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis treated with infliximab were less likely to undergo colectomy through 54 weeks than those receiving placebo(84).

2. Proctocolectomy and Ileostomy
Proctocolectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the entire colon and rectum. Ileostomy is a surgical opening constructed by bringing the end or loop of small intestine (the ileum) out onto the surface of the skin(85). According to the study by the University of Chicago Medical Center, totally laparoscopic totalproctocolectomy is therefore considered a safe alternative to open surgery for selected IBD patients not candidates for a restorative procedure(86).

Medical Advisor Journals

Pages

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal

Tuesday, September 6, 2016

Phytochemicals in Foods- The Effects of Carnosol

Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy - Popular Chinese Herbs - Mang Xiao or Xuan Ming Fen (Natrium sulfuricum)

Phytochemicals for Treatment of Lung cancer (Non-small-cell and small cell lung cancer)

Women Health: Menstrual Disorders - Secondary menorrhagia Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Conventional medicine Perspective

Women Health: The Obesity and Polycystic ovary syndrome Research and Studies of Gene GYS2 as a novel genetic factor for polycystic ovary syndrome through obesity-related condition

Overcome Infertility: Scrotal sonographyof Male Infertility In Conventional medicine Perspective

General Health: Colitis as a result of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - The Conventional medicine Treatments