Monday, October 17, 2016

Chinese herbal Medicine Therapy: Shan Zha (Fructus Crataegi)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                 
          Shan Zha (Fructus Crataegi)
Shan Zha is also known as hawthorn fruit. The sour, sweet, and slightly warm has been used in TCM to treat indigestion, flatulence, diarrhea, amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, acute pain in chest and abdomen area, pain in hernia, high lipids, etc. as it promotes digestion, transforms food retention, invigorates Blood, eliminates accumulation, etc. by enhancing the functions of spleen, liver and stomach channels.

Ingredients
1. Malic acid
2. Caffeic acid
3. Oleanolic acid
4. Crataegolic acid
5. Epicatechin
6. Quercetin
7. Hyperoside
8. Chlorogenic acid、
9. Citric acid
10. Citric acid symmetrical monomethyl ester.
11. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Antiatherogenic effect
In the study to investigate the antiatherogenic effect and possible mechanisms of the extracts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM) or Fructus Crataegi (FC), as well as their interaction, showed that RSM and FC could inhibit the atherogenesis formation and development, which might be due to regulating the lipid metabolism, enhancing the antioxidation, and reducing the release of inflammatory factors(1).
2. Strengthen blood circulation
In the study to evaluate Jiang-Zhi-Ning (JZN), composed of four Chinese herbs, i.e., Fleeceflower Root, Fructus Crataegi, Folium Nelumbinis and Semen Cassiae used to strengthen blood circulation of coronary artery, arrhythmia and hyperlipidemia, showed that Extract and effective fraction of JZN significantly reduced contents of Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), CRI and AI in hyperlipidemic rats as well as significantly increased contents of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), in the rats. Moreover, they significantly enhanced the activity of NOS and increased contents of NO(2).
3. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition
In the study to investigate MAO-B kinetic constants, K(i), K(m) and IC₅₀ based on quantitative of the substrate peak area compared with the reference electropherogram obtained from without the inhibitor.
Showed that the screening of 16 natural extracts was performed, and 2 natural extracts from Fructus crataegi and Radix polygoni multiflori were identified to be positive for MAO-B inhibition(3).
4. Diuretic effect
In the study to determine the effects of mixtures of selected medicinal plants on some physiological renal functions, i.e. excretion of urine and electrolytes and changes in the quantity of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and kallikrein-kinins in rat blood plasma after water and salt load, found that the greatest diuretic effect was found in a mixture composed of birch leaves (Betulae folium), hawthorn berries (Crataegi fructus), strawberry leaves (Fragariae folium), corn silk (Maydis stigmata), chamomile flowers (Matricariae flos), and horsetail herb (Equiseti herba)(4).
5. Sexual activity and erectile function
In the study to investigate SA1 (Korean red ginseng, fermented soybean, Tribulus terrestris, Fructus Rubi, Fructus Lycii, Semen Cuscutae, Dioscorea Rhizome, Fructus Corni and Fructus Crataegi)using both in vitro and in vivo experiments on laboratory animals in order to determine its effect on the sexual behavior and penile erection, indicated that there was an overall increase in the copulatory behavior parameters in the SA1-treated rats, which was reflected by a decrease in the mount and intromission latencies and an increase in the ejaculation latency and mount frequency. SA1 significantly increased the ratio of the intracavernous pressure to mean arterial pressure. In vitro, SA1 significantly enhanced the relaxation responses to acetylcholine. These results suggest that SA1 improves the sexual activity and erectile function(5).
5. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in case of spleen deficiency without digestion or abundance of stomach acid or peptic ulcers
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
3. Etc.


Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21710751
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21316437
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20980208
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17619305
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16819173


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Saturday, October 15, 2016

Chinese herbal Medicine Therapy: Shao Yao or Bai Shao Yao, Chi Shao Yao (Radix Peoniae Lactiflorae)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                 
          Bai Shao Yao, Chi Shao Yao (Radix Peoniae Lactiflorae)


Bai Shao Yao, Chi Shao Yao also known as white dahlia root or red dahlia respectively. The bitter, sour and cool herb has been used in TCM as anti-spastic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, sedative antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic agnet and to lower blood pressure, dilate peripheral blood vessels, treat menstrual dysfunction, vagina yeast infection, uterine bleeding, etc., as it nourishes Blood, preserves the Yin. nourishes the Liver, calms and Liver-Yang, etc. by enhancing the functions of liver and spleen channels.

Ingredients
1. paeoniflorin
2. Paeonol
3. Paeonin,
4.AQlbiflorin
6. Sistosterol7. Oxypaeoniflorin
8. Benzoylpaeoniflorin
9. Benzoic acid
10. β sitosterol
11. Gallotannin
12. Pedunculagin
13. 1-O-Galloylpedunculagin
14. Eugeniin
15. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Anti-angiogenesis effect
In the study to investiagte the anti-angiogenesis effect of total glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., showed that TGP (12.5, 62.5, and 312.5 microg/ml) resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the proliferation of endothelial cells. This inhibition effect began 6h after treatment and lasted at least 24h. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis data showed an accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, which exhibited apoptotic features indicative of cell death. The migration properties and tube forming abilities of endothelial cells were dramatically inhibited by the TGP extract(1).
2. Antioxidative and neuroprotective effects
In the study to examine the antioxidative and neuroprotective effects of Paeonia lactiflora pall (PLE), showed that Total phenolic content of PLE was 89.65 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of PLE. IC(50) values for reducing power, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were 297.57, 3.33, and 32.74 microg, respectively. The protective effect of PLE against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage to PC12 cells was investigated by an 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. After 2 h of cell exposure to 0.5 mM H(2)O(2), a marked reduction in cell survival was observed. However, this reduction was significantly prevented by 10-100 microg/ml of PLE. H(2)O(2) also induced severe apoptosis of the PC12 cells, which was indicated by a flow cytometric analysis. Interestingly, the H(2)O(2)-stressed PC12 cells that had been incubated with PLE had greatly suppressed apoptosis(2).
3. Liver fibrosis
Paeoniae Radix, the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall, was investigated for PDGF-BB-induced HSC chemotaxis. Rat HSCs and LX-2, a human HSC cell line, were used for the in vitro experiments. Cell migration was analyzed by wound-healing and transwell assays, Paeoniae Radix extracts and its active components, paeonol and 1,2,3,4,6-penta- O-galloyl- β-D-glucose (PGG), inhibited PDGF-BB-induced HSC migration and α-SMA and collagen expressions in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effects were associated with downregulation of PDGF receptor- α, ERK, p38, and JNK activation. Both paeonol and PGG participate in HSC migration, but via differential mechanisms(3).
4. Anti cancers
PHY906, a decoction of a mixture of the four herbs Scutellaria baicalensis Geori, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Paeonia lactiflora Pall, was investigated for the therapeutic indices of a broad spectrum of anticancer agents showed that over a ten-year period, the multiplex technology “PhytomicsQC” has been used to show batch-to-batch consistency of PHY906 production. Advanced clinical trials are ongoing to demonstrate the effectiveness of PHY906 as adjuvant therapy for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy(4).
5. Anti-depressant
In the study to to provide scientific evidence to support further research on peony as a potential anti-depressant drug, showed that the peony extract is active in the mouse forced swim test and tail suspension test, and it produces anti-depressant effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression model in mice and rats. The anti-depressant mechanisms of peony are likely mediated by the inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity, neuro-protection, modulation of the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inhibition of oxidative stress, and the up-regulation of neurotrophins(5).
6. Systemic lupus erythematosus
In the study of the therapeutic efficacy and adverse reaction of total glucosides of paeony (TGP, extracted from Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), found that GP had definite therapeutic efficacy in treatment of patients with SLE. It could reduce the average daily dose of prednisone and the total CTX dose, lower the recurrent cases and episodes of infection, especially for the medication of more than five years(6).
7. Bladder cancer
In the study to evaluate the anticancer effect of RPA in urinary bladder carcinoma in vitro and in vivo, showed that RPA inhibits growth of bladder cancer via induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Treatment of TSGH-8301 cells with RPA resulted in G2-M phase arrest that was associated with a marked decline in protein levels of cdc2, cyclin B1, cell division cycle 25B (Cdc25B) and Cdc25C. We also reported that RPA-mediated growth inhibition of TSGH-8301 cells was correlated with activation of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2). Herein, we further evaluated urinary bladder cancer using a model of bladder cancer induced by OH-BBN. Analysis of tumors from RPA-treated rats showed significant decrease in the expression of Bcl2, cyclin D1, and PCNA, and increase in the expression of p-Chk2 (Thr-68), Bax, and Cip1/p21(7).
8. Vascular dementia
Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS), a traditional Chinese medicinal prescription, is clinically used for the treatment of vascular dementia (VD), Researchers at the China Pharmaceutical University in the study of Comparative pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin in plasma of vascular dementia and normal rats orally administrated with Danggui-Shaoyao-San or pure paeoniflorin, found that he absorptions of paeoniflorin in both VD and normal group of rats were better when orally administrated with DSS than that with pure paeoniflorin, which justified the combined use as formula DSS. Moreover, a better absorption of paeoniflorin in rats of the VD than in normal group was observed, which is helpful for the treatment of VD(8).
9. Anti-inflammatory effect
Paeoniflorin, found in Paeonia lactiflora Pall, inhibits nuclear factor-kappaB expression in chronic hypoperfusion rat and has anti-inflammatory properties(9).
10. Etc.




Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19914370
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18460804
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22399273
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22326673
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22196583
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21608216
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21396995
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21185921
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20128044



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Friday, October 14, 2016

Chinese herbal Medicine Therapy: Shan Yao or Huai Shan (Radix Dioscoreae Oppositae)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                 
          Shan Yao or Huai Shan (Radix Dioscoreae Oppositae)
Shan Yao is also known as Chinese wild yam. The sweet and neutral herb has been used in TCM as anti aging, lower blood sugar and blood pressure, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory agent and to tpromote urination, improve digestive system, etc., as it tonifies Qi, nourishes Yin, tonifies the Spleen, the Lungs, the Kidneys, etc. by enhancing the functions of kidney, lung and spleen channels.

Ingredients
1. Diosgenin
2. Saponin
3. Choline
4. Glycoprotein
5. Amino acid
6. d-abscisin II
7. 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine
8. Phytic acid
9. Etc.


Health Benefits
1. Lipid metabolism and cecal fermentation
In the study to examine the effects of raw Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita), containing resistant starch (RS), on lipid metabolism and cecal fermentation in rats. Raw yam (RY) and boiled yam (BY) contained 33.9% and 6.9% RS, respectively, showed that raw yam is effective as a source of RS and facilitates production of short chain fatty acid (SCFA), especially butyrate, in the rat cecum. In addition, RY has a plasma-cholesterol lowering effect, possibly due to the inhibited release of VLDL(1).
2. Biocontrol agent
In the study to investigate whether a plant chitinase can be used as a biocontrol agent instead of chemical fungicides by spraying chitinase E (family 19; class IV) from a yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb) alone or together with beta-1,3-glucanase directly onto the surface of a powdery mildew infecting strawberry berries and leaves, indicated that this kind of plant chitinase might be safe and biodegradable biocontrol agent for use instead of conventional fungicides(2).
3. Reno- and hepatoprotective effects
In the evaluate the protective effects of the crude extract of huai-shan-yao on acute kidney and liver injuries in rats induced by ethanol, showed that pharmacological, biochemical and pathologic observations all showed that rats treated with the extract of huai-shan-yao had decreased damage in renal tubules as well as decreased inflammation in the central vein and necrosis in the liver tissue(3).
4. Insulin resistance
In the study of the effects of Dioscorea opposita (huai shan yao, HSY) on dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance were investigated in vitro and in vivo, showed that D. opposita extract reduced significantly the blood insulin and glucose levels in dexamethasone-induced diabetic rats. In vitro, HSY significantly enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, HSY increase the mRNA expression of GLUT4 glucose transporter in 3T3-L1 adipocytes(4).
5. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in cases of liver yang ascending and urination difficulty as a result of urinary tract infection
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
3. Etc.


Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22293211
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12619703
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12568288
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17084991


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General Health: Eating Disorders - Anorexia nervosa Treatments In Traditional Chinese medicine perspective

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                               Eating disorders

Eating Disorders are defined as a group of abnormal eating habits associated to a person preoccupation weight, involving either insufficient or excessive food intake.

                                Anorexia nervosa


Anorexia nervosa is a type of eating disorder usually develop in the teen years and effect over 90% of female, because of excessive food restriction and irrational fear to become fat due the wrongly influenced media as attractiveness is equated to thinness.

                                                  The Treatments


In traditional Chinese medicine
According to Perspectives on Eating Disorders and Traditional Chinese Medicine Norman Kraft, LST, DCH, MTOM, Dipl.Ac., L.Ac(60)
1. Kidney deficiency
a. Kidney deficiency (primarily of Yin and Essence) leads to Empty Fire (pathological Will) and poor control of the Heart’s Fire.
b. Chinese herbal formula: Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, ingredients include
b.1. Sheng Di Huang (Rhemannia) 15-20 gm
b.2. Shan Zhu Yu (Cornus) 12-15 gm
b.3. Shan Yao (Dioscorea) 10-15 gm
b.4. Ze Xie (Alisma) 9-12 gm
b.5. Mu Dan Pi (Moutan) 6-9 gm
b.6. Fu Ling/Fu Shen (Poria/Poria Spirit) 9-12 gm
Fu Shen is preferred over Fu Ling in this formula

2. Kidney Yang Deficiency
a. But One must be careful in using Yang tonics and warming herbs with bulimia in particular, for while the overall picture may be Yang Deficiency the constant abuse of the stomach tends to quickly lead to Stomach Yin Deficiency with Heat.
b. Chinese herbal formula: Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan, ingredients include
b.1. Fu Zi (Aconite) 6 gm
b.2. Rou Gui (Cinnamomum) 6 gm
b.3. Shu Di Huang (Rehmannia) 20-30 gm
b.4. Shan Zhu Yu (Cornus) 10-15 gm
b.4. Mu Dan Pi (Moutan) 10-12 gm
b.4. Fu Ling/Fu Shen (Poria/Poria Spirit) 10-15 gm
b.5. Shan Yao (Dioscorea) 10-15 gm
b.6. Ze Xie (Alisma) 10-15 gm

3. Fire/Heart deficiencies
a. Fire/Heart deficiencies than Water/Kidney issues,
b. Chinese Modification of Gui Pi Tang, ingredients
b.1. Ren Shen (Ginseng) 6-9gm
b.2. Huang Qi (Astragalus) 9-12gm
b.3. Bai Zhu (Atractylodes) 9-12gm
b.4. Dang Gui (Angelica) 6-9gm
b.5. Fu Shen (Poria) 6-9gm
b.6. Suan Zao Ren (Zizyphus) 9-12gm
b.7. Long Yan Rou (Euphoria) 9-12gm
b.8. Yuan Zhi (Polygala) 3-6gm
b.8. Mu Xiang (Saussurea) 3-6gm
b.9. Zhi Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza) 3-6gm
b.10. Hong Zao (Jujuba) 3-5 pc
b.11. Bai Zi Ren (Biota) 6-9gm
b.12. He Huan Pi (Albizzia) 6-9gm
b.13. Shi Chang Pu (Acori) 6-9gm
b.14. Bai He (Lilii) 6-9gm

4. The author also notes that with care in formulation taking into account the cold temperature of the herb, Bai He could be added to the other two formulas above as well. In Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I usually combine Bai He with Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena) as these two herbs work very well together to calm Shen disturbed by interior Heat due to Deficiency of Yin.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Sources
(60) http://www.myacudoc.com/images/ED.article.pdf

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General Health: Eating Disorders - Anorexia nervosa Treatments In Herbal medicine perspective

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                               Eating disorders

Eating Disorders are defined as a group of abnormal eating habits associated to a person preoccupation weight, involving either insufficient or excessive food intake.

                                Anorexia nervosa


Anorexia nervosa is a type of eating disorder usually develop in the teen years and effect over 90% of female, because of excessive food restriction and irrational fear to become fat due the wrongly influenced media as attractiveness is equated to thinness.

                                                  The Treatments


In herbal medicine perspective
Herbs can be used to strengthen and tone the body's systems.
1. Ashwagandha also known as Withania somnifera is a nightshape plant in the genus of Withania, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, Middle East, and the Mediterranean. It has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss and ulcers and considered as anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging herbal medicine. According to the article of "Steroidal lactones from Withania somnifera, an ancient plant for novel medicine" by Mirjalili MH, Moyano E, Bonfill M, Cusido RM, Palazón J.(55). Ashwagandha root may be used to treat the stress and antioxidants causes of anorexia nervosa(56)

2. Fenugreek
Fenugreek may be used to treat free redical cause of anorexia nervosa, In the study of total phenolics and antioxidant activities of fenugreek, green tea, black tea, grape seed, ginger, rosemary, gotu kola, and ginkgo extracts found that The total phenolics of the plant extracts, determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, ranged from 24.8 to 92.5 mg of chlorogenic acid equivalent/g dry material. The antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts determined by conjugated diene measurement of methyl linoleate were 3.4-86.3%. The antioxidant activity of theextracts using chicken fat by an oxidative stability instrument (4.6-10.2 h of induction time), according to "Total phenolics and antioxidant activities offenugreek, green tea, black tea, grape seed, ginger, rosemary, gotu kola, and ginkgo extracts, vitamin E, and tert-butylhydroquinone" by Rababah TM, Hettiarachchy NS, Horax R.(57)

3. Milk thistle
In the observation of the active extract of milk thistle, silymarin, is a mixture of flavonolignans and its antioxidant effect found that Exposure to light significantly reduced sprout growth and significantly increased the polyphenol content and antioxidative capacity. The polyphenol content was 30% higher in seeds originating from purple inflorescences than in those from white ones. We thus found milk thistle to be a good candidate source of healthy edible sprouts, according to "The potential of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.), an Israeli native, as a source of edible sprouts rich in antioxidants" by Vaknin Y, Hadas R, Schafferman D, Murkhovsky L, Bashan N.(58)

4. Catnip
Catnip is to calm the nerves and soothe the digestive system. The alcohol extract of catnip has a biphasic effect on the behavior of young chicks. Low and moderate dose levels (25--1800 mg/kg) cause increasing numbers of chicks to sleep, while high dose levels (i.e. above 2 g/kg) cause a decreasing number of chicks to sleep, according to the study of `The effect of an ethanol extract of catnip (Nepeta cataria) on the behavior of the young chick`by Sherry CJ, Hunter PS.(59)

5. Etc.

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Thursday, October 13, 2016

General Health: Eating Disorders - Anorexia nervosa Treatments In conventional medicine perspective

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                               Eating disorders

Eating Disorders are defined as a group of abnormal eating habits associated to a person preoccupation weight, involving either insufficient or excessive food intake.

                                Anorexia nervosa


Anorexia nervosa is a type of eating disorder usually develop in the teen years and effect over 90% of female, because of excessive food restriction and irrational fear to become fat due the wrongly influenced media as attractiveness is equated to thinness.

                                                  The Treatments

In conventional medicine perspective
A.1. Non medical therapy
1. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)
In the examining psychological factors that influence the level of weight gain across the first 20 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anorexia nervosa, found that during CBT for anorexia nervosa, weight gain might be enhanced by addressing a range of aspects of axis 1 pathology (e.g., depression, hostility, and features of anxiety). However, the approach is likely to be less important at first than directly addressing eating pathology and overvalued ideas about eating, shape, and weight(51).

2. Psychodynamic therapy
In the reviews of the results of process research, outcome in psychodynamic psychotherapy is related to the competent delivery of therapeutic techniques and to the development of a therapeutic alliance. With regard to psychoanalytic therapy, controlled quasi-experimental effectiveness studies provide evidence thatpsychoanalytic therapy is (1) more effective than no treatment or treatment as usual, and (2) more effective than shorter forms of psychodynamic therapy. Conclusions are drawn for future research(52).

3. Interpersonal therapy
The goals of the therapy are to improve interpersonal functioning and thereby decrease symptomatology. Factors identified as important in the development ofanorexia nervosa are readily conceptualized within the interpersonal psychotherapyproblem areas of grief, interpersonal disputes, interpersonal deficits, and role transitions(53).

4. Family therapy
In six randomised controlled trials investigating the use of family therapy in the treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa, and these all had small sample sizes. Some, but not all, of these trials suggest that family therapy may be advantageous over individual psychotherapy in terms of physical improvement (weight gain and resumption of menstruation) and reduction of cognitive distortions, particularly in younger patients(54).

A.2. Medication
The aim of medical intervention is to treat physical problems associated with anorexia, but rarely changes behavior. There are no medications specifically approved to treat anorexia, but medical conditions caused by anorexia can be treated with certain medication depending to the condition.
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General Health: Eating Disorders - Anorexia nervosa -The Antioxidants

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                               Eating disorders

Eating Disorders are defined as a group of abnormal eating habits associated to a person preoccupation weight, involving either insufficient or excessive food intake.

                                Anorexia nervosa


Anorexia nervosa is a type of eating disorder usually develop in the teen years and effect over 90% of female, because of excessive food restriction and irrational fear to become fat due the wrongly influenced media as attractiveness is equated to thinness.

The Antioxidants

An antioxidant is a chemical that protect cells against damage caused by free radicals and chain reaction of free radicals by inhibiting the oxidation of other molecules
1. In the study of the antioxidant status in female adolescents (N = 82) withanorexia nervosa, by the measurement of erythrocyte tocopherol concentration, and the determination of activities of the main antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase.
showed that tocopherol was significantly decreased in the anorexic patients compared to reference values (p < .02). In 21% of patients, tocopherol levels were below the reference interval. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased (p < .0001), while catalase activity was increased (p < .0001). The activity of the glutathione system enzymes did not show significant differences between patients and controls.The deficient concentration of erythrocyte tocopherol together with the altered antioxidant enzyme activities suggest a certain degree of oxidative damage in anorexia nervosa owing to both factors deficient micronutrient intake and oxidative stress(49).

2. Antioxidant vitamins in Anorexia Nervosa by V. MATZKIN¹, C. GEISSLER¹ and M. BELLO, indicated that antioxidant vitamins (tocopherol, retinol and carotene) protect against lipid peroxidation caused by free radicals and active oxygen species. Patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are at a greater risk of oxidative damage due to undernutrition and stress (Moyano, et. al., 1999). There is contradictory evidence concerning concentrations of tocopherol (Mira et. al. 1987, Phillip et. al., 1998 and Moyano et. al., 1999), retinol (Robboy et. al., 1974, Lagan and Farrell, 1985 and Vaisman, et. al., 1992) and carotene (Van Binsbergen et. al., 1988, Rock et. al., 1996) in AN(50).

3. Etc.
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