All About Green Tea: Green Tea EGCG, A Potent Iron Chelator in Regulation of Progression of Parkinson's disease

Green tea may be considered as a functional food and iron chelator in reduced risk and progression of Parkinson's disease, some scientists suggested

Iron chelation therapy is a primary and standard treatment for patients with iron overload.

Green tea, is a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, causing severe depletion of glutamatergic and dopaminergic inputs in the striatum.



Investigation of the green tea EGCG effect in risk and progression of PD has been found to associate to many mechanisms involved numbers of aspects.


Application of metal chelation was found to ameliorated the expression of ROS in induction of oxidative stress through a chain of reaction and precipitation of aggregation of alpha-synuclein and beta-amyloid peptides deposit in the brain, main leading causes to the onset of PD.



In iron abnormality PD subjects, oxidopamine, also known as 6-hydroxydopamine or 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenethylamine(6-OHD), a neurotoxic synthetic organic compound was found to disrupt iron metabolism, leading to over expression of the iron induction of dyshomeostasis cause of iron toxicity and oxidative damage in dopaminergic neurons.



Green tea major polyphenol, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate used in metal chelation, ameliorated iron dependent free radicals located in the subcellular compartments and cellular membranes, through the effect in inhibited iron input and exhibited iron output in brain areas where it preferentially accumulates in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Parkinsons' disease.


Further analysis of the neurotoxin 6-OHDA causes of iron unstable equilibrium, green extract GECG administration improved the function of hepcidin, a liver-derived hormone in regulated iron dyshomeostasis and gene expression of the iron metabolism through expressions of iron regulatory proteins (IRP1 and IRP2) in regulated the RNA level, between the transcription and the translation of the gene in expression of the iron homeostasis.


Indeed, In the differentiation of neurotoxin 6-OHDA induced iron dyshomeostasis has shown to increase oxidative stress in damage to neuron cells, green extract GECG effects demonstrated a significant inhibition of free radical and iron free radical expression in the cellular membranes through the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory system and expression of nuclear factor-like 2(Nrf2) in stimulated production of antioxidant in protection against oxidative damage during injury and inflammation; heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) in increased production of superoxide dismutase and catalase against ROS and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in regulated production of pro and anti inflammatory cytokines and mytokines..

By reducing the over expression of oxidative damage to neuron cells through regulation of iron related factors as mentioned above, iron chelator EGCG can counteract these adverse effects and prevent onset of PD.



Further study of the mechanism on disruption of iron metabolism by 6-OHDA in PD cell line N27, discovered that application of the iron chelator EGCG also disrupts the iron dyshomeostasis in N27 cells (dopaminergic neural cell line) induced by 6-OHDA through regulating iron transporters and regulators expression, such as DMT1 with function in mediation of the entry of dietary iron into these mucosal cells and TfR, a carrier protein for transferrin with function in import iron into the cell and regulated response to intracellular iron concentration and hepcidin, a central regulator in maintain iron homeostasis.



Dysregulation of hepcidin production results in a variety of iron disorders.


Additionally, in 6-OHDA induced neurotoxicity to cause PD, administration of green tea GECG also reduced the intracellular iron retention by decreasing the iron importers and increasing iron exporters, through regulation of the function of iron-regulated transporters, such as ferroportin.


Interestingly, there was a report suggested that intervention of 3 cups of green tea daily for 3 months improved the antioxidant status and reduced oxidative damage in early PD patients without affecting their iron status.


The findings evidences revealed that green tea bioactive polyphenol, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate may be considered as iron chelator in regulation of PD progression.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
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Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Neuroprotective Properties of the Standardized Extract from Camellia sinensis (Green Tea) and Its Main Bioactive Components, Epicatechin and Epigallocatechin Gallate, in the 6-OHDA Model of Parkinson's Disease by Bitu Pinto N1, da Silva Alexandre B2, Neves KR3, Silva AH3, Leal LK3, Viana GS1.(PubMed)
(2) Green tea polyphenols prevent Parkinson's disease: in vitro and in vivo studies Dan Chen by Iowa State University

All About Green Tea: Green Tea in Ameliorated Risk and Treatment of Lifestyle-Related Diseases

Green tea is found to consist a therapeutic and sustainable effect in reduced risk and progression life style diseases, some scientists postulated

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

Lifestyle diseases are a class of diseases associated with the way a person or group of people lives, including atherosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke; obesity and type 2 diabetes....and diseases precipitated by smoking and alcohol and drug abuse.


Epidemiological studies suggested that lifestyle-related diseases may be preventable with the change of lifestyle accompanied with intake of some nontoxic agents.


Differentiation of the effect of green tea in attenuated risk and treatment of lifestyle related diseases was found to associate to some mechanisms involving numbers of aspect, particularly, in gene facilitation.


In animal model, green tea administration inhibited risk and symptoms and progression of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, through regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) gene in expression of inflammatory cytokines in promoted systematic inflammation in the acute phase of infection caused by damage and injure tissues, in modulated the activation of NF-kappaB signalling pathway related to cellular response in induction of anti and pro inflammatory stimulation and transcription factor complex (AP-1) in initiation of inflammation against foreign invasion.


The inhibition of inflammatory cytokines expression reduced symptoms of pain, reddish skin, swelling without limiting the protective effect of the immune system to prevent damage tissues against invasion of foreign substances.

Further analysis of chronic inflammatory diseases, in transgenic mice model with human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis suggested that injection of green tea in 4 months demonstrated a significant activity in ameliorated over expression of TNF-alpha in stimulated production of pro inflammatory cytokines and interleukin (IL)-6 in initiated inflammatory expression in cellular defense in response to infections and tissue injuries in the lung.


In life style related diseases of cardiovascular disease, intake of green tea beverage or extract expressed a significant reductions in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, without effecting the levels of HDL-cholesterol.

Additionally, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, green tea extract catechin injection improved fasting glucose levels without affecting the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, which is an predictor of type 2 diabetes onset and green tea consumed 5 or more cups per day was associated to a strongly and positively inverse association to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
.
More amazingly, after taking into account of other con founders, Dr. Sueoka E, the lead scientist suggested that intake of green tea, containing catechins and caffeine, 5 or more cups per day exhibited a potential and therapeutic effect for body weight management, without going into details.


According to the prospective cohort study in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, green tea injection of over 10 cups per day, displayed a substantial effect in decreased relative risk of death from all causes in patients with cardiovascular disease, particularly, in stroke mortality.


Take together, there is no doubt that green tea with abundantly bioactive phytochemicals may be considered as a function food to reduced risk, progression and treatment of lifestyle related disease, but change of lifestyle is always recommended.



Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Human clinical studies of tea polyphenols in allergy or life style-related diseases by Maeda-Yamamoto M1.(PubMed)
(2) A new function of green tea: prevention of lifestyle-related diseases by Sueoka N1, Suganuma M, Sueoka E, Okabe S, Matsuyama S, Imai K, Nakachi K, Fujiki H.(PubMed)

All About Green Tea: Green Tea Bioactive Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) Attenuated Risk and Treatment of Atherosclerosis

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of atherosclerosis, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Atherosclerosis is medical condition characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on the inner walls, causing to hardening of the arterial vessels.

According to statistic, mortality rate of coronary heart disease was about 60% in 2010 in compared to 30% of stroke and heart failure.

In the study to determine the effect of green tea bioactive epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in ameliorated Porphyromonas gingivalis -induced atherosclerosis in a murine model, after injection of the extract EGCG, the tested mice than fed high-fat diets and injected with P. gingivalis three times a week for 3 weeks, observation at weeks 15 displayed a significant reduction of atherosclerotic plaques accumulated in the branches of arteries, observed by Oil Red O staining

Further analysis also found that the polyphenol extract decreased infection of atherosclerotic lesion areas in the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta through decreased expression of C-reactive protein, in regulated the acute phase of infection and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) chemokines in regulated migration and infiltration of monocytes/macrophages.of immune system in induced production of cytokines to counter foreign substances.

Additional observation, also indicated that green tea bioactive epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) not also improved LDL/very LDL cholesterol but also ameliorated ROS activity via antioxidant in induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, a leading indication of plague accumulation.

In depth differentiation, the efficacy of green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in reduced expression of atherosclerosis due to bacterial P. gingivalis was attributed to decrease secreted proteins with functions in stimulated inflammatory effects, such as chemokines (CCL2) involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) in regulated pathological remodeling processes that involve inflammation, ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1) involvesd inflammation of capillary vessel walls, the mitochondrial chaperonin hsp60 in induction of inflammation,......

Interestingly, in the process to prevent plague to initiation of development of atherosclerosis through above implications, green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) also increased levels of antioxidant defense enzyme (heme oxygenase-1 mRNA) HO-1 mRNA levels in reduced expression of oxidative stress in induction of pathogenic inflammatory diseases.

Intrusively, continued investigated the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in inhibit the formation and development of atherosclerosis via its anti inflammatory capability also found that EGCG restricts the function of IL6 (interleukin 6) in induced over expression of pro inflammatory cytokines and Angiotensin (Ang) II functions in stimulated and increased vascular permeability through production of vascular endothelial cell growth factor CRP in initiated the pro inflammatory process.

Interleukin 6 is an interleukin with duo functions of pro inflammatory cytokines and anti inflammatory mytokines.

Amazingly, antioxidant activities of EGCG also acted as free radical scavengers to prevent ROS to establish a chain reaction in induction of inflammatory effect in encouraging lipid accumulation in the inner wall of arteries, the leading cause of atherosclerosis.

ROS are free radical with function to mediate many pathophysiological processes, such as growth, migration, apoptosis and secretion of inflammatory cytokines,

Angiotensin is a hormone with function in regulated vasoconstriction in increased blood pressure.

Application of combined (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) +chitosan (CS) and aspartic acid (PAA). demonstrated a significant effect in reduced risk and treatment of atherosclerosis through ameliorated lipid deposition in tested animals.
In compared to the effects of conventional medicine simvastatin with approximately successful treatment rate of lipid deposition of 15.6%, injection of (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) +chitosan (CS) and aspartic acid (PAA).exhibited over all treatment rate of 16.9%.

The accounted evidences suggesting that EGCG, as a natural substance, may have a substantial and therapeutic effect in attentuated risk and treatment of atherosclerosis through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities..

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sourcesase
(1) Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates Porphyromonas gingivalis -induced atherosclerosis by Yu Cai Tomoko Kurita-Ochiai Tomomi Hashizume Masafumi Yamamoto(Pathogen and Disease)
https://academic.oup.com/femspd/article/67/1/76/2367414
(2) Improving the effectiveness of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against rabbit atherosclerosis by EGCG-loaded nanoparticles prepared from chitosan and polyaspartic acid by Hong Z1, Xu Y, Yin JF, Jin J, Jiang Y, Du Q.(PubMed)
(3) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits interleukin-6- and angiotensin II-induced production of C-reactive protein in vascular smooth muscle cells by NingPeng, Jun-tian Liu Fang. Guo. Rui Li(Science Direct)

All About Green Tea: Green tea in Attenuated Risk and Treatment of Bladder Cancer

Green tea may have a therapeutic and sustainable effect in reduced risk and treatment of bladder cancer, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Bladder cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of bladder. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissues and organs.

According to statistic provided by cancer.net, 90% of people with bladder cancer are older than 55, and the average age of people diagnosed with bladder cancer is 73


In the review of medical literature published online, green tea major catechin EGCG in reduced risk and treatment may be attributed to numbers of mechanisms.

In T24 human bladder cancer cell line, application of the chemopreventive/antiproliferative potential of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, the major phytochemical in green tea) induced anti malignant cell proliferation by modulating the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase/Akt in activated Bcl-2 family proteins with function in regulation of cell death, thus enhancing apoptosis of T24 bladder cancer cell line in dose- and time-dependent manner.


The phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/AKT pathway is a crucial regulator of cellular processes including cell proliferation and apoptosis.


Bcl-2 family proteins is a modulator responsible for regulation of cell apoptosis.

In C3H/HeN mice subcutaneously implanted with MBT-2 murine bladder tumor cells, administration of EGCGs physically attached onto the surface of nanogold particles pNG(EGCG-adsorbed pNG) exerted a significant anti cancer proliferation through induction of apoptosis.

This action of anti cancer effect was attributed to mechanism of EGCG-pNG in activation of caspases which plays an important role in induced cell apoptosis and inflammation through Bcl-family proteins with function in control apoptosis by activating caspase proteases in the governing the space between outer and inner mitochondrial membrane.

Under stress, the mitochondrial pathway or the intrinsic pathway is activated depending to the release of proteins from the intermembrane space of mitochondria.

Caspase cascade, a family protease enzymes with function in programmed cell death and inflammation.

Additionally, injecting EGCG-pNG directly into the tumor site inhibited tumor expansion through ameliorated the function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in stimulated formation of new blood vessel in provided nutrients and oxygen for survival of cancer site in compared to
oral administration of EGCG in stimulated immune function in suppression of cancer progression.



Vascular endothelial growth factor, is a signal protein produced by cells in stimulated formation of blood vessel for cell division and site proliferation.


Based on information collected,, the prepared EGCG-pNG was more effective than free EGCG in inhibiting bladder tumor in model mice.

More interestingly, bladder tumor induced by N-butyl-(-4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosaminre (BBN) 0.05% solution on 8 week-old female C3H/He mice for 14 or 24 weeks on treatment with or without green tea polyphenols (GTP) expressed a significant lower rate of tumor invasive frequency of 23.8%; in group treated with both GTP and BBN in compared to 65.2% in group treated with BBN alone.



The tumorvolume and microvascular density (MVD) as an independent predictor within a tumor.and the connective, functionally supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ region in the BBN+GTP group were also significantly lower than in BBN treated mice.


Unbelievably, green tea polyphenols inhibited tumor growth and invasion in mice with established bladder cancer through regulation of angiogenetic effect in suppressed the forming of new blood vessel for the tumor cells proliferation, metastatic spread, as well as providing oxygen and nutrients and removal of waste products of cancer cells without exhibiting anti-carcinogenic effect.

Taken together, green tea extract polyphenols may be considered as adjunct therapy for reduced risk and used combination with standard medicine for treatment of bladder cancer.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) A component of green tea, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, promotes apoptosis in T24 human bladder cancer cells via modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and Bcl-2 family proteins by Qin J1, Xie LP, Zheng XY, Wang YB, Bai Y, Shen HF, Li LC, Dahiya R.(PubMed)
(2) The treatment of bladder cancer in a mouse model by epigallocatechin-3-gallate-gold nanoparticles by Hsieh DS1, Wang H, Tan SW, Huang YH, Tsai CY, Yeh MK, Wu CJ.(PubMed)
(3) Green tea polyphenol suppresses tumor invasion and angiogenesis in N-butyl-(-4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine-induced bladder cancer by Sagara Y1, Miyata Y, Nomata K, Hayashi T, Kanetake H.(PubMed)

All About Green Tea: Green tea in Reduced Risk and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of esophageal cancer, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Esophageal cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of esophagus. At the later stage, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissues and organs.
According to statistic, 2,300 Canadians will be diagnosed with esophageal cancer in 2017.

In the review of literature published online, green tea efficacy in treatment of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was expressed in number of mechanisms.


In esophageal cancer cell lines Eca109 and Ec9706, injection of green tea EGCG plus chemodrug adriamycin (ADM) after 24 hours displayed a significantly increased cellular apoptosis.

According to flow cytometry assay, the application induced the elevation of ROS and ADM concentration in production of toxicity to counter the reaction of tumor cell in diminished expression of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 protein to induced apoptosis.without harming to healthy cells.

ABCG2 protein expression plays a major role in multi-drug resistance, produced by tumor cells to accounter reaction to chemo-medicine.
Mitochondrial membrane potential is a central intermediate in oxidative energy metabolism, the deceased levels caused by toxicity ROS may result in energy deletion and subsequently, causing cells death.



Further observation also indicated that EGCG inhibited the growth of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells through ameliorated the anti apoptotic bcl-2 protein expression and promoted bax and caspase-3 protein expressions with functions in induced apoptosis in a dose- and time- dependent manner.


BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and plays an important anti-apoptotic protein.

Caspase-3 protein.plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis.

BAX gene. BAX is a member of the Bcl-2 gene family. plays an important role in mediation of cell death by apoptosis.


Compared to ADM treatment alone, the Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells, rate of apoptosis and ADM concentration were significant higher anid levels of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 expression were lower.

In other word, injection of green tea plus ADM was more effective in induced cells death in Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells with expression ROS and ADM in enhanced elevation cytotoxity activity in compared to ADM treatment alone.

After taking into account of others confounders, Dr, Liu L the lead author said, " EGCG inhibited cell growth and induced esophageal cancer cell apoptosis. It reduced the bcl-2 protein expression and increased the bax and caspase-3 protein expression. EGCG reversed multi-drug resistance by reducing ABCG2 expression and increasing the anticancer drug concentration in cancer cells".




In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, application of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) without ADM measured by flow cytometry assay, after 24 hours also inhibited cancer site proliferation by increased expression of ROS to attenuate mitochondrial membrane potential function in energy metabolism and caspase-3 protein to cause malignant cellular apoptosis, in a dose-and time-dependent manner.

In the examine the PCR-TRAP argentation analysis during the experiment, EGCG was also demonstrated to inhibit the viability of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells by suppressing cancer cell in alternated DNA transcript through telomerase activity.

More interestingly, the continuation of study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the human esophageal cancer cell line ECa109 also discover that EGCG demonstrated a decrease of cancer cell viability but a substantial rate of apoptosis by increased expression of p16 gene demethylation in induced cancer cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, level p16 mRNA expression in suppressed tumor progression of invasive and aggressive behavior.and p16 protein expression in promoted tumor suppressible activity, in a dose- and time-dependent manner.


P16 gene demethylation plays an important role in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. gene alternation was found in several types of cancer.
Low level of p16 mRNA expression is associated to progression of cancer with malignant and aggressive behavior.


Abnormalities of p16 gene and loss of p16 protein expression may be related to the pathogenesis and development of some cancers.


Taken together, green tea with abundance of phytochemical Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be considered as an adjunct therapy to combine with standard chemo-medicine in reduced risk and treatment of esophageal cancer.



Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes apoptosis and reversal of multidrug resistance in esophageal cancer cells by Liu L1, Ju Y2, Wang J3, Zhou R3.(PubMed)
(2) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in Ec9706 and Eca109 esophageal carcinoma cells by Liu L1, Zuo J1, Wang G1.(PubMed)
(3) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells through the demethylation and reactivation of the p16 gene by Meng J1, Tong Q2, Liu X2, Yu Z3, Zhang J3, Gao B3.(PubMed)

All About Green Tea: Green tea in Ameliorated Risk and Treatment of Leukemia

Green tea may have positive and potential effect in reduced risk and treatment of leukemia, according to studies of some scientists.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Leukemia is a malignant progressive disease characterized by irregular cell growth in the bone marrow and other blood-forming organs. According to the statistic, approximately Over 300 children with 0-14 years of age are diagnosed with leukemia each year in Canada alone.

In the review of literature published online, green extract epigallocatechin‑3-O-gallate (EGCG) processed a significant anti cancer effect in reduced chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) expansion in the myeloid cells through numbers of mechanisms.

Application of green tea epigallocatechin‑3-O-gallate (EGCG) in reduced risk of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was found to associate to the cellular process of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent pathway and protein kinase Cδ expression to induce cancer cells apoptosis by increased acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and lipid raft clustering in CML cells.


Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), an enzyme plays an important role in normal membrane turnover.

Protein kinase Cδ expression plays a key role in signal transduction and are involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes.


Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-is a important second messenger in many biological processes involved a series of molecular functions.

Further analysis also suggested that exhibited sGC function by injection of green tea EGCG, may be an ideal approach to suppresses proliferation and survival of human CML

In other words, reduced expression of regulation of sGC caused by decreased NO production may initiate growth and survival advantage in CML tumor cells.


Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is the only known receptor for nitric oxide.

Pharmacologically, pretreatment of soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS-2028 decreased nitric oxide (NO)-stimulated sGC activity also reduced green tea polyphenol activities in activated sphingomyelinase (ASM) production.

NS-2028 is a specific inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase.


In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), green tea (Camellia sinensis) catechin epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) displayed a strong and positive effect in elevating the expression of genes associated with cell cycle arrest and differentiation, including gene expression p27, PCAF, C/EBPα, and C/EBPɛ



P27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B is an enzyme inhibitor and in elevation exerted positive regulation of cancer activity at the G1/S phase transition in cell division.


P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), is gene associated in binding to many sequence-specific factors involved in cell growth and/or differentiation.


Enhancer binding protein alphaC/EBPα, with function in modulated the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation.


Enhancer binding protein epsilon (C/EBPɛ) is a protein composed of two polypeptide chains with function in binding to certain DNA regulatory regions.

Additionally,injection of EGCG also demonstrated a hugh effect against cancerous changes in gene expression and reduced expression of epigenetic modifiers DNMT1, HDAC1, HDAC2, and G9a.


DNA Methyltransferase, (DNMT1), Methylation of DNA is an important component of mammalian epigenetic gene regulation.


Histone deacetylase 1and 2 (HDAC1 and 2) are enzymes promote epigenetic repression and with function in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and development.


Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2) or G9a.is an epigenetic modifier enzymes with function in regulating gene expression involved functional role of cancer initiation and progression. Down regulation of G9a also decreased expression of histone H3K9 (H3K9me2) in inhibited cancer cells proliferation

Other, in the multicenter case-control study conducted in China, 2008-2013, comprising 442 incident, hematologically confirmed adult leukemia cases and 442 outpatient controls, individually matched to cases by gender, birth quinquennium by the University of Western Australia also confirmed the inverse association of green tea intake to adult leukemia risk.

Risk of leukemia adjusted odds ratios of 0.50 was found in green tea drinkers in compared to non drinker, particularly in patients with GSTM1 and GSTP1 genotypes.

Dr. Liu P, the lead author said, "regular daily green tea consumption may reduce leukemia risk in Chinese adults regardless of GSTM1 and GSTP1 polymorphic status. The association between green tea and adult leukemia risk varied with GSTT1 genotype".


Taking altogether, green tea and epigallocatechin‑3-O-gallate (EGCG) intake may be considered as secondary therapeutic application combined with standard therapy for treatment of Leukemia regardless to polymorphic status.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-O-gallate induces cell death by acid sphingomyelinase activation in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.by Huang Y1, Kumazoe M1, Bae J1, Yamada S1, Takai M1, Hidaka S1, Yamashita S1, Kim Y1, Won Y1, Murata M1, Tsukamoto S1, Tachibana H1.(PubMed)
(2) Green tea polyphenol EGCG causes anti-cancerous epigenetic modulations in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by Borutinskaitė V1, Virkšaitė A1, Gudelytė G1, Navakauskienė R1.(PubMed)
(3) Green tea consumption and glutathione S-transferases genetic polymorphisms on the risk of adult leukemia by Liu P1, Zhang M2,3, Xie X4, Jin J5, Holman CD2.(PubMed)

All About Green Tea: Green tea in Ameliorated Risk and Treatment of Endometrial Cancer

Scientist may have a popular beverage in reduced risk and treatment of endometrial cancer, according to some studies.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Endometrial cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth uncontrollably in the endometrium. At the late stage, cancerous cell may travel a distance away from the original site to infect other organs and tissues.

In the review of researcher papers online, the effects of green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in inhibition of endometrial cancer was expressed in various aspects.


In the experiment of green tea bioactive compound against progression of tumor xenografts of human endometrial cancer, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate EGCG demonstrated a significant effect in reduced risk of endometrial cancer development through the bioactive chemicals anti tumor angiogenesis properties.

In fact, the anti cancer active compound efficacy was attributed to the modulation of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) protein in the established new vessel to stimulate the onset of cancer and cancer cell proliferation and HIF-1 functions in activated transcription of many genes, in regulated cellular and systemic homeostatic response to external changes to tumor growth.

Furthermore, application of EGCG also suppressed responses of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) in expression of multiple physiological processes, in promoted invasion and metastasis of tumor cells in connected tissues of the uterine mucosa (endometrium), thus reducing the infiltration of VEGFA-expressing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in supplying rapidly growing malignant tissues with essential nutrients and oxygen.


Additionally, further analysis also insisted that EGCG restricted secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in initiated endometrial cancer growth by inhibiting the function of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF1α pathway in regulated many cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and growth.


After taking account of all findings, treatment with EGCG reduced risk of endometrial cancer onset may be results of EGCG suppressed secretion in both fronts including decreased cancer cell-secreted VEGFA but inhibited TAM-secreted VEGFA in endometrial cancer progression.
Further differentiation, also showed that green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduced cancer expansion by suppressing the expression of proliferation markers which acts indirectly to stimulate endometrial epithelial proliferation in estrogen receptor α, progesterone receptor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D1


The overexpression of cyclin D1 has been linked to the development and progression of cancer.

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen is a protein with function in cell cycle regulation and/or DNA replication and important for both DNA synthesis and DNA repair.
Importantly, the inhibition of EGCG also decreased the activation of ERK, the extracellular signal–regulated kinases protein in cancer cell division and down expression of transcription factors fos and jun, the cellular immediate-early genes in induced transient cancer cell division and differentiation processes.

The function of EGCG in reduced risk of endometrial cancer also expressed through Bcl-2-associated X protein, cleavage of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase actions in induction of cancer cell apoptosis and suppression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2).


Bcl-2-associated X is a protein with function of anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators involved in a wide variety of cellular activities.

B-cell lymphoma 2, a family protein with function in regulation of cell apoptosis.

Cleavage of caspase-3 also is known as a critical executioner of apoptosis,


Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a protein with function involved in a number of cellular processes, including programmed cell death.

Implicitly, application of EGCG also increased production of free radical expression in initiated the cytoxicity effect by reduced levels of antioxidant glutathione levels and activated the p38 in cancer cells death without inducing toxicity to normal cells



P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are activated by a wide range of cellular stresses as well as in response to inflammatory cytokines involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy.


In deed, according to a systematic review of literature published on database of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and China Biological Medicine Database upto February 2, 2015 , researchers indicated that green tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of EC with a relative risk of .78 and each additional cup of green tea consumed per day decreased risk of developing EC by 11%.

Particularly, intake of green tea associated to attenuated risk of endometrial cancer was 84.33% in compared to 5.07 % of black tea.

Taken together, green tea, and its polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate EGCG may be considered a functional food used conjunction with standard therapy in reduced risk and treatment of endometrial cancer.


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Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Green tea, black tea consumption and risk of endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhou Q1, Li H2, Zhou JG3, Ma Y4, Wu T5, Ma H6.(PubMed)
(2) A prodrug of green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (Pro-EGCG) serves as a novel angiogenesis inhibitor in endometrial cancer by Wang J1, Man GCW2, Chan TH3, Kwong J1, Wang CC4.(PubMed)
(3) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces apoptosis in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells via ROS generation and p38 MAP kinase activation by Manohar M1, Fatima I, Saxena R, Chandra V, Sankhwar PL, Dwivedi A.(PubMed)