Bioactive Ingredient Alliin Protects the Heart Against Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy

Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is a medical condition of thickening of the heart muscle, leading to reduced function of the heart in pumping blood throughout the body.

The heart muscles made up the bulk of the heart’s mass control the heartbeat with high contractile strength and endurance.

Cardiac muscle also has a unique function to regulate the heart performance by spreading electrochemical signals all cells in the heart.

Damage of heart muscle has bee found to induce blood vessel diseases, such as coronary artery disease; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias).

In some cases, head muscles associated disease also are found in patients with congenital heart defects.

Symptoms of include breathlessness with exertion or at rest, legs, ankles, and feet swelling. persistent fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting, particularly, in the symptoms of irregular heartbeats.

Conventionally, treatment of diseases associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy depending on the types of heart disease, including lowering blood pressure medication such as ACE inhibitors; lowing the heart rate, such as beta blockers, normalizing heart beating and balancing electrolytes in the body.

Making a healthy lifestyle change and moderate exercise may also recommend by your doctor.

Out of many risk factors associated with the onset of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, smoking can be considered one of the major prevalent factor.

Dr. Moustafa Al Hariri,, the lead scientist wrote, "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking remains a global health epidemic with associated detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system".

And, "(According to the results of the study) cigarette smoking exposure is associated with significant cardiovascular pathology such as cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, pro-fibrotic, and atherogenic markers and aortic calcification in an animal model as assessed 1-month post exposure".

Alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine-S-oxide) is a phytochemical compound sulfoxide, a derivative of the amino acid cysteine, belonging to the class of sulfur compounds, found abundantly in fresh garlic and onion.

In the urgency to discover a natural compound for the treatment of heart disease, researchers examined alliin, the main constituent found in garlic in the prevention of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death.

The study included adult rat cardiomyocytes induce hypertrophy by Norepinephrine (NE) was pretreated with garlic skin and flesh extracts.


Before treatment of garlic skin and flesh extracts, exposure of cardiomyocytes to NE induced an increase in cell size and cell death, an indication of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

This increase of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death was prevented significantly upon treatment with garlic skin and flesh extracts.

Furthermore, the increased cells apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes by norepinephrine were also inhibited by the presence of the extract.

In the constituent analysis, the efficacy of anti cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death may be attributed to the concentration of allicin and alliin.

In order to reveal more information about the alliin anti cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the team from the SASTRA-Deemed University investigated the preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (SACS) in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia in male Wistar rats.

The selected rat was were pretreated with SACS (40 and 80 mg kg(-1) body-weight) for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, followed by the ISO (150 mg kg(-1) body-weight) administered subcutaneously at intervals of 24 h for 2 days.

According to the tested assays, oral pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the activity of HMG CoA reductase associated with the production of cholesterol and other isoprenoids and significantly increased the activity of LCAT involved converting free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester in ISO-induced rats.

Futhermore, pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxides in ISO-treated rats.

In concentration perspective, at a dose of 80 mg kg(-1) body-weight was more effective in normalizing all the biochemical parameters compared to the dose of 40 mg kg(-1) body-weight.

In other words, alliin inhibited the onset of myocardial ischemia caused by isoproterenol (ISO) in a doses dependent manner, in vitro and vivo.

Taken altogether, alliin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of alliin in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
Garlic extracts prevent oxidative stress, hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: a role for nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide by Louis XL1, Murphy R, Thandapilly SJ, Yu L, Netticadan T. (PubMed)
(2) Preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (alliin) on cardiac marker enzymes and lipids in isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury by Sangeetha T1, Darlin Quine S. (PubMed)
(3) Cigarette Smoking-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy, Vascular Inflammation and Injury Are Attenuated by Antioxidant Supplementation in an Animal Model by Moustafa Al Hariri,1,† Kazem Zibara,2,3,† Wissam Farhat,2,† Yasmine Hashem,4Nadia Soudani,4,5 Farah Al Ibrahim,3 Eva Hamade,2,3 Asad Zeidan,4 Ahmad Husari,6,* andFiras Kobeissy. (PMC)

Regular Walking Reduces Symptoms and Risk of Gout

Regular physical activity has long been found to associate to the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases, but regular walking contribution of health benefits of reduced symptoms of Gout in the younger and older elderly have been lacking, due to caregivers and physicians prefer to emphasize, in most cases in reduced intake of foods with rich of purines(4).

A Delphi exercise conducted by the University of Otago suggested that both physicians and patients agreed upon several key features of gout, including severity, functional results, and idiographic perception and patterns of symptoms(1).

Dr. Stewart S and colleagues at the joint study led by the Auckland University of Technology indicated the importance of footwear worn as walking shoes with good footwear characteristics can influence plantar pressure values and encourage a more efficient heel to toe gait pattern in people with gout(2)

The National Kidney foundation reminds "some people with gout do not have high uric acid levels, so it is very important to maintain a healthy lifestyle no matter the level. Do not smoke, follow a well-balanced diet, maintain a healthy weight, and exercise"(5).

In fact, according to 2008 American Society for Clinical Nutrition, the risk of gout is lower in men who are more physically active, maintain ideal body weight, and consume diets enriched in fruit and limited in meat and alcohol(3). Unfortunately, exercise, including walking during a gout attack will worsen the condition by inducing more pain and lengthening the inflammation.

“Exercises to relieve gout should be done steady and cautiously as to avoid further irritation to the joints. The best exercises for gout are a range of motion types: strength training, stretching and building endurance. Yoga is an exercise that incorporates all four; however, there are other exercises that can be done individually also” According to the article of How to Exercise If You Have Gout(6).


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) A delphi exercise to identify characteristic features of gout - opinions from patients and physicians, the first stage in developing new classification criteria by Prowse RL1, Dalbeth N, Kavanaugh A, Adebajo AO, Gaffo AL, Terkeltaub R, Mandell BF, Suryana BP, Goldenstein-Schainberg C, Diaz-Torne C, Khanna D, Lioté F, Mccarthy G, Kerr GS, Yamanaka H, Janssens H, Baraf HF, Chen JH, Vazquez-Mellado J, Harrold LR, Stamp LK, Van De Laar MA, Janssen M, Doherty M, Boers M, Edwards NL, Gow P, Chapman P, Khanna P, Helliwell PS, Grainger R,Schumacher HR, Neogi T, Jansen TL, Louthrenoo W, Sivera F, Taylor WJ, Alten R.(PubMed)
(2) The effect of good and poor walking shoe characteristics on plantar pressure and gait in people with gout by Stewart S1, Dalbeth N2, McNair P3, Parmar P4, Gow P5, Rome K3.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of diet, physical activity and performance, and body weight on incident gout in ostensibly healthy, vigorously active men1,2,3 by Paul T Williams(American Society for Clinical Nutrition)
(4)A case-control study of the association of diet and obesity with gout in Taiwan1,2,3 by Li-Ching Lyu, Chi-Yin Hsu, Ching-Ying Yeh, Meei-Shyuan Lee, Su-Hua Huang, and Ching-Lan Chen(American Society for Clinical Nutrition)
(5) GOUT AND HYPERURICEMIA(The national Kidney foundation)
(6) How to Exercise If You Have Gout(3fc)

The 46 Amazing Health Benefits of Fennel, According to Medical Literature

Fennel is a species of Foeniculum Vulgare, belonging to the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the shores of the Mediterranean. It is now widely cultivated all around the globe to use as food and herb.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Fiber
3. Protein
4. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
5. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
6. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
7. Pantothenic acid (B5)
8. Vitamin B6
9. Folate (Vitamin B9)
10. Vitamin C
11. Calcium
12. Copper
13. Iron
14. Magnesium
15. Molybdenum
16. Phosphorus
17. Potassium
18. Zinc

Chemical constituents
1. 1,3-benzenediol
2. 1-methoxycyclohexene
3. O-cymene
4. Sorbic acid,
5. 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one
6. Estragole
7. Limonene-10-ol
8. 3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one
9. Linoleic acid
10. Oleic acid
11. Undecanal
12. 2,4-undecadienal
13. trans-Anethole
14. Fenchone
15. Limonene

1. Infectious Diseases: The Natural Antibiotics Alternative With No Side Effects
2. Food therapy - Fennel as antioxidants
3. Food Therapy: Fennel In Attenuated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
4. Food Therapy: Fennel and it's Bioactive Anethole in Attenuated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Periodontitis (PD)
5. Food Therapy: Fennel or Its Composition as Laxative Agent for Treatment of Chronic Constipation
6. Food Therapy: Fennel In Attenuated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Intestinal Dysbiosis
7. Food Therapy: Fennel In Ameliorated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Breast Cancer
8. Herbal Therapy: Fennel, A Potent Functional Food for Treatment of Infantile Colic
9. Herbal Therapy: The Best of Perennially Herbal.Fennel In Ameliorated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Prostate cancer
10. Fennel Seeds, A Potent Galactogenisis in Increased Milk Secretion in Lactation Period
11. Food Therapy; Fennel Seeds, A Potent Galactogenisis in Increased Milk Secretion in Lactation Period
12. Herbal Therapy: Fennel In Reduced Symptoms and Treatment of Estrogenic Deficiency Related Diseases
13. Eat Fennel to Inhibit Daily Stress in the Workplaces, Scientists Suggested
14. Women’s Health: Protect DNA Integrity Against Breast Cancer with This Single Herb, Online Medical Literature Revealed
15. Food Therapy: Intake Fennel to Optimize the Digestive Functioning in absorbed Nutrients and Fluids
16. Food Therapy: Fennel The Potent Food With Cytoprotection and Antitumor Activity
17. Food Therapy: Fennel and Its Extracts in Detoxed Body Toxins, According to PubMed Online Literature
18. Herbal Therapy: Fennel, A Potent Chemo-Preventive and Modulatory Functional Herb
19. Fennel May Improve Your Heart Functioning Naturally and Permanently, Studies Showed
20. How to Treat Painful Primary Dysmenorrhea Quickly and Permanently, According to PubMed
21. 325. Fennel Seed Extracts That Gobble Up Toxins Caused by Drug Interaction and Toxicity, Scientists Show
22. Fennel, The Best Herbal Remedy Which Detoxes Your Kidneys Through Promoting Excess Fluids Secretion, Public Medical Library Reveal
23. Fennel, The Herbal Remedy Which Protects Our Body Against The Onset of Acute Inflammation and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Scientists Find
34. Fennel, A Potent Neurons Protective and Memory Enhancing Functional Herb
35. Fennel, The Reliable and Less Expensive Functional Food For Treatment of Hirsutism
36. Detoxification: Fennel, The Potent and Functional Food Which Protects the Liver Against Toxicity
37. Fennel, The Functional Herb Which Processes Anti Anxiolytic Property Similar to Those of Diazepam with No Adverse Effects, Scientists Find
38. Fennel, The Natural Remedy Which Protects the Brain Neurons Against The Onset of Cognitive Impairment, Scientists Suggest
39. Fennel, the Functional Herb Which Processes Anti-antispasmodic Activity, Scientists Find
40. Fennel, the Best Functional Food Which Processes Anti Hypolipidemic Activity
41. Fennel, The Herb Which Causes the Apoptosis of Cancer Cells, Scientists Find
42. Fennel, The Herb Which Causes the Apoptosis of Cancer Cells, Scientists Find
43. Fennel, a Natural Anti Fever Functional Food
44. Fennel, The Natural Free Radical Scavenger, Scientists Find
45. Fennel Essential Oil and Extract, The Potent Anti Hypoglycemic Remedies, Scientists Reveal
46. Fennel, the Function Food Which Balances the Ratio of the Levels Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Our Body

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Phytochemical 3,3'-Diindolylmethane, a Natural Prevention and Treatment of Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity

Delayed-type hypersensitivity is also known as type 4 hypersensitivity because the reaction takes several days to develop, including contact dermatitis.

Believe it or not, type IV hypersensitivity mediated by antigen-specific effector T cells is associated with the infection induced by slow-growing intracellular organisms, such as M. tuberculosis (tuberculosis), M. leprae (leprosy) and H. capsulatum.

Some researchers suggested that the delayed hypersensitivity is dependent on the presence of a significant number of primed, antigen-specific T cells response which typically reaches its peak 24 to 48 hours after exposure to antigen.

Type IV hypersensitivity diseases although are common, but ranges second to type 1 hypersensitivity.

Many diseases are found to associate with delayed-type hypersensitivity include leprosy, tuberculosis, schistosomiasis, sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease.
* Leprosy is divided clinically into three essential types: tuberculoid, borderline, and lepromatous.

* Schistosomiasis caused by schistosomes, once the body is sensitized by a granulomatous reaction developed in the parasitized tissue mediated by Th2 lymphocytes.

* Tuberculosis in the lungs caused by a granulomatous reaction that leads to cavitation and the spread of bacteria

* Sarcoidosis is a chronic and idiopathic disease caused by the activated macrophage and granuloma accumulation in many tissues along with fibrosis.

* Crohn's disease is a granulomatous disease that is not caused by a microorganism.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale, etc.

On finding a potential ingredients for the prevention and treatment of the delayed-type hypersensitivity, researchers tested the ability of dietary AhR ligands (indole-3-carbinol [I3C] and 3,3'-diindolylmethane [DIM]) and an endogenous AhR ligand, 6-formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole (FICZ), on the differentiation and functions of Tregs and Th17 cells.


Administration of indoles (I3C or DIM) in tested mice attenuated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to methylated BSA, an antigen-specific inflammation in targeted organs and generation of Th17 cells which play a critical role in the induction of the tissue inflammation and tissue destruction while promoting Tregs in the suppression of immune response.

Interestingly, the indoles inhibited the delayed-type hypersensitivity by causing the reciprocal induction of Tregs and Th17 cells only in wild-type (AhR(+/+)) but not in AhR knockout (AhR(-/-)) mice.

Additional analysis of the indoles anti-delayed-type hypersensitivity activity, researchers found that the efficacy of the indoles was associated with the promotion of protein (FoxP3) involved in immune system responses of the Tregs while decreasing the protein associated with pro-inflammatory expression.


In order to reveal more anti-inflammation about indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and diindolylmethane (DIM), researchers investigated the compounds in the exhibition of the characteristics of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands, that was found to regulate the T cell differentiation.

In a murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS), retreatment with I3C or DIM completely prevented the clinical symptoms and cellular infiltration into the CNS through induction of inflammation.

Particularly, post-treatment of EAE with I3C or DIM proved highly effective in curtailing the overall severity of the disease.

Similar to that of aforementioned protection against delayed-type hypersensitivity, I3C or DIM promoted the generation of T-regs, while inhibited the induction of MOG-specific Th17 cells.

In other words, I3C or DIM inhibited delayed type hypersensitivity through the promotion of T-regs and suppression of Th17 cells in vivo and in vitro were found to be AhR-dependent.

Taken altogether, 3,3'-Diindolylmethane derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of delayed type hypersensitivity, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Dietary Indoles Suppress Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity by Inducing a Switch from Proinflammatory Th17 Cells to Anti-Inflammatory Regulatory T Cells through Regulation of MicroRNA by Singh NP1, Singh UP1, Rouse M1, Zhang J2, Chatterjee S3, Nagarkatti PS1, Nagarkatti M. (PubMed)
(2) Indoles mitigate the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by induction of reciprocal differentiation of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells by Rouse M1, Singh NP, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. (PubMed)
(3) Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions by Angel A. Justiz Vaillant; Kamleshun Ramphul.(NCBI)

Regular Walking Reduces Risk of Over Weight and visceral or subcutaneous fat accumulation in Older Adults

Visceral or subcutaneous fat accumulation is fat accumulated in the abdominal area, leading to a higher risk of insulin resistance, and its concomitant metabolic disorders (the metabolic syndrome) including atherogenic dyslipidemia(1), in comparison to those with less visceral fat accumulation.

Regular physical activity has long been found to associate to the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases, but the regular walking contribution of reduced risk of visceral or subcutaneous fat accumulation in the younger and older elderly have been lacking, probably due to its association to the complication of obesity(2).


The study of a total of 173 sedentary, overweight (body mass index > or =24.0 and >33% body fat), postmenopausal women aged 50 to 75 years who were living in the Seattle, Wash, area, suggested, Walking reduced body weight and body fat among overweight and obese postmenopausal women, as it was the most frequently reported activity in the group(3).

Dr. Lynch NA and colleagues at the University of Maryland School of Medicine insisted that walking not only is associated with greater reductions in visceral adiposity in obese postmenopausal women but also improved in maximal O(2) uptake (VO(2 max)(4) of that is said to significantly improve the metabolic profile(5).

In fact, regular walking is found to reduce the risk of visceral or subcutaneous fat accumulation as it prevents the early state of weight gain.

The Okayama Southern Institute of Health in the study of Thirty one obese Japanese males (body mass index (BMI) > or = 25) ranging in age from 32 to 59, participated in a 1-year follow up study said, " intra-abdominal visceral adipose tissue is critically involved in insulin resistance and daily walking rather than improvement of exercise capacity correlated with the reduction of visceral adipose tissue in obese Japanese males."(6). As walking significantly lowers serum leptin concentrations(8), and thus it may improve the leptin resistance observed in overweight adults(7).

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) Obesity and dyslipidemia in South Asians by Misra A1, Shrivastava U.(PubMed)
(2) [Systolic pressure, abdominal obesity and body fat, metabolic syndrome predictors in Spanish preschoolers].[Article in Spanish] by Gutiérrez Hervás AI1, Rizo Baeza MM2, Martínez Amorós N3, Cortés Castell E4.(PubMed)
(3) Effect of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial by Irwin ML1, Yasui Y, Ulrich CM, Bowen D, Rudolph RE, Schwartz RS, Yukawa M, Aiello E, Potter JD, McTiernan A.(PubMed)
(4) Reductions in visceral fat during weight loss and walking are associated with improvements in VO(2 max) by Lynch NA1, Nicklas BJ, Berman DM, Dennis KE, Goldberg AP.(PubMed)
(5) Is there a threshold of visceral fat loss that improves the metabolic profile in obese postmenopausal women? by Brochu M1, Tchernof A, Turner AN, Ades PA, Poehlman ET.(PubMed)
(6) Daily walking reduces visceral adipose tissue areas and improves insulin resistance in Japanese obese subjects by Miyatake N1, Nishikawa H, Morishita A, Kunitomi M, Wada J, Suzuki H, Takahashi K, Makino H, Kira S, Fujii M.(PubMed)
(7) Physical activity is associated with risk factors for chronic disease across adult women's life cycle by Woolf K1, Reese CE, Mason MP, Beaird LC, Tudor-Locke C, Vaughan LA.(PubMed)
(8) Moderate physical activity permits acute coupling between serum leptin and appetite-satiety measures in obese women by Tsofliou F1, Pitsiladis YP, Malkova D, Wallace AM, Lean ME.(PubMed)

Herbal Bilberry Enhances the Gut Microbiota for Healthy Aging

Aging is the natural and biological process of growing older.

You can not stop the aging clock, but, you can delay the progression by taking some preventive actions, including living a healthy lifestyle accompanied by moderate exercise.

Healthy aging refers to the creation of a series of conditions that allow the aging population to live functionally without affected by serious chronic diseases or medical conditions (that are well managed).

The World Health Organization in the definition of healthy aging wrote, "healthy aging as the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age” and "Functional ability is about having the capabilities that enable all people to be and do what they have reason to value".


In other words, healthy aging must comprise all the mental and physical capacities such as the ability to walk, think, see, hear and remember, particularly in bathing, dressing, and other independent living skills, such as shopping and housework.


Dr. Ruth Elaine Nieuwenhuis-Mark in the study of healthy aging as a disease wrote, "A popular theory in the aging literature since the early 1990s is the socioemotional selectivity theory (SST; Carstensen, 1992). SST was put forward as an attempt to explain the so-called “paradox of aging” which refers to the finding that while physical health tends to decline as we age subjective well-being may be maintained or even improve (Diener and Suh, 1998)".

And, "Focusing on normal aging as a disease could, therefore, be seen as a step-back for aging research rather than a move forward. Aging-as-disease proponents would argue however that their focus is on improving quality of life in our final years, not on increasing our lifespans per se".

Bilberry is a species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern Europe.

The plant has been used as herbs in traditional medicine for the treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea, gastritis, gastric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer, enterocolitis, ulcerative colitis, anemia, cystitis, kidney disease, and psoriasis, diabetes, etc.

Researchers in an aim to a natural compound which processes antiaging property examined the effects of bilberry anthocyanin extract consumption in healthy aging and intestinal barrier function and digestive enzyme activity, through regulating the gut microbiota in aging rats.

The study included aging rats fed with the medium-dose bilberry anthocyanin extract (20 mg per kg bw per day) in the regulation of the intestinal function.

Consumption of the extract showed strong activity in the gut by allowing the bacteria beneficial in the intestine (Aspergillus oryzae, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridiaceae-1, the Bacteroidales-S24-7-group, and the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group) to grow, and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria (Verrucomicrobia and Euryarchaeota).

However, high-dose bilberry anthocyanin extract consumption was found to induce the negative effect in alternating some intestinally beneficial bacteria.

Furthermore, bilberry anthocyanin extract consumption also decreased the activity of digestive enzymes in breaking down food correlated to the changes in bacterial composition, short-chain fatty acids and the intestinal mucosal barrier.

In other words, bilberry anthocyanin extract consumption improved the digestive function without affecting the digestive enzymes activity which has been found in low levels in people with the digestive problem including the aging population.

Dr. Li J, the lead scientists said, " bilberry anthocyanin extract consumption is a potential approach for assisting healthy aging".

The finding suggested that bilberry anthocyanin extract has a significant anti-aging effect by optimizing the function of the digestive system through wide range mechanisms, including bacterial composition.

Taken altogether, bilberry processed abundantly bioactive compound anthocyanin may be considered an anti-aging remedy, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Bilberry anthocyanin extract promotes intestinal barrier function and inhibits digestive enzyme activity by regulating the gut microbiota in aging rats by Li J1, Wu T1, Li N1, Wang X1, Chen G1, Lyu X1. (PubMed)
(2) The senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 is not a suitable model for the investigation of cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress and their modulation by dietary phytochemicals by Schiborr C1, Schwamm D, Kocher A, Rimbach G, Eckert GP, Frank J. (PubMed)
(3) Healthy Aging as Disease? by Ruth Elaine Nieuwenhuis-Mark. (PubMed)
(4) What is Healthy Ageing? (WHO)

Regular Walking Reduces Risk and Complications of Hypertension in Older Adults

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood. High blood pressure means raising the pressure in your heart. If it stays high over time it can damage the body in many ways.

Blood pressure medications have undoubtedly prevented many deaths from heart disease in the past 30 years, but they have many side effects such as damaging the kidney. If you can control your diet, such as making changes to lifestyle, maintaining ideal weight and diet with low salt, you could do just fine without the drugs. According to the UT Southwestern Medical Center, prevalent users of high blood pressure medications were recovered after a long term of maximal exercise(1).

But there is a concern of experts in the discontinued intake of medication contributed to risks of macrovascular events, microvascular events together and separately and all-cause mortality(2).


The 2008 joint study of a total of 4294773 patients diagnosed with hypertension and subsequently prescribed anti-hypertensive medications led by the University College of Medicine, suggested the importance of medication adherence (MA) and the incidence of complications in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension because of its highly prevalent rate of complications(4).

Regular physical activity has long been found to associate to the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases, but the regular walking contribution of reduced risk and complications of hypertension in the younger and older elderly have been lacking, probably due to the effectiveness of modern medication in the syndrome of controlling (3).

Does regular walking reduce the risk of hypertension?
Dr. Okura T and colleagues at the Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine insisted, regular physical activity (PA), including daily walking, not only reduces the risk of many chronic diseases, especially hypertension" but also induces the controlled BP in hypertensive patients."(5).

The review of 2246 citations; 26 studies with a total of 2767 participants also suggested that the use of a pedometer is associated with significant increases in physical activity and significant decreases in body mass index and blood pressure(6).


Does regular walking reduce risk of hypertension complications?

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) led by the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA showed that a culturally-tailored community-based walking reduces stroke risk by increasing physical activity among African American, Latino, Chinese, and Korean seniors with hypertension(7).


Dr. Pugh D said, " regular exercise can produce up to a 30% reduction in all-cause mortality with a 35% lower risk of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke" and "There is evidence to show that 37% of CHD deaths can be attributed to physical inactivity compared with 19% and 13% for smoking hypertension respectively"(8).

Taking all together, there is strong evidence to suggest that regular walking Reduces Risk and Complications of Hypertension patients with or without syndrome of hypertension, particular in Older Adults populations.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Heart Rate Recovery and Systolic Blood Pressure Recovery After Maximal Exercise in Prevalent Users of Stimulant Medications by Westover AN1, Nakonezny PA, Barlow CE, Adinoff B, Brown ES, Halm EA, Vongpatanasin W, DeFina LF.(PubMed)
(2) Risks associated with permanent discontinuation of blood pressure-lowering medications in patients with type 2 diabetes by Hirakawa Y1, Arima H, Webster R, Zoungas S, Li Q, Harrap S, Lisheng L, Hamet P, Mancia G, Poulter N, Neal B, Williams B, Rogers A,Woodward M, Chalmers J.(PubMed)
(3) Examining the relationship between antihypertensive medication satisfaction and adherencein older patients by Al-Ruthia YS1, Hong SH2, Graff C3, Kocak M4, Solomon D5, Nolly R6.(PubMed)
(4) Medication Adherence and the Occurrence of Complications in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hypertension by Kim HJ1, Yoon SJ2, Oh IH3, Lim JH3, Kim YA4.(PubMed)
(5) The Importance of Walking for Control of Blood Pressure: Proof Using a Telemedicine System by Okura T1, Enomoto D2, Miyoshi KI1, Nagao T1, Kukida M1, Akiko T1, Pei Z1, Higaki J1, Uemura H3.(PubMed)
(6) Using pedometers to increase physical activity and improve health: a systematic review by Bravata DM1, Smith-Spangler C, Sundaram V, Gienger AL, Lin N, Lewis R, Stave CD, Olkin I, Sirard JR.(PubMed)
(7) Study protocol of "Worth the Walk": a randomized controlled trial of a stroke risk reductionwalking intervention among racial/ethnic minority older adults with hypertension in community senior centers by Kwon I1, Choi S2, Mittman B3, Bharmal N4, Liu H5, Vickrey B6, Song S7, Araiza D8, McCreath H9, Seeman T10, Oh SM11, Trejo L12,Sarkisian C13(PubMed)
(8) Time to encourage patients to take more exercise by Pugh D1.(PubMed)