Herbal Anise and Its Bioactive Anethole in Attenuated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Osteoporosis

Anise may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and progression and treatment of osteoporosis, some scientists suggested.

Anise is a flowering plant of the species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belongings to the family Apiaceae native to Egypt and the Mediterranean region, used in traditional herbal medicine as a fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic, ....

Chemical constituents
Anethole, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.

In the investigation of the herbal selective estrogen receptor modulators or SERMs effect in risk of osteoporosis, in comparison of plant aqueous extracts derived from Greek flora (Sideritis euboea, Sideritis clandestina, Marticaria chamomilla, and Pimpinella anisum), researchers at the Medical School, University of Athens found that all extracts exert profound activities in stimulated the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic cell culture.

Further analysis, also discovered that all plant extracts at the concentration range 10-100 microg/mL, including Anise induced osteoblastic cell differentiation in the formation of bone and improved bone density.



These results indicated that Anise and other plant extracts may comprise a substantial anti-estrogenic effect in reduced risk of osteoporosis in a dose-dependent manner.


Also, in the evaluation of (E)-anethole, major bioactive compound isolated from Anise protective effect on H2O2-induced alterations in collagen metabolism, researchers showed that application of anethole of 0.5 µM for 1 h completely prevent the alternation of cells treated with 300 µM H2O2 in displayed a decrease in collagen biosynthesis of 54 %, correlated with alterations of type I collagen mRNA expression in the osteoblasts in initiated higher bone turn over.


Additionally, differentiation also revealed that Anise anethole administration at 10 µM, exerts the most efficient suppression in the ameliorated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 caused by H2O2 induced alterations in collagen metabolism, in contributing to the 8 % decrease in the amount of collagen secreted into the medium.

The result suggested that application of H2O2 not only directly activates MMPs, but also causes a decreased in the expression of their inhibitors, such as TIMP2, a metastasis suppressor in initiated alterations of collagen metabolism in bone.

In Other words, anethole isolated from Anise attenuated ROS causes increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in degraded collagen in fibroblasts.
Some researchers suggested, "the loss of MMP-9 improved the connectivity density of the trabeculae, whereas the loss of MMP-2 reduced this parameter. Similar differential effects in architecture were observed in the L5 vertebra, but bone volume fraction was lower for both MMP-2 and MMP-9 (in mice study) "


Taken together, Anise and its bioactive anethole may be considered as a functional herb for reduced risk and treatment of osteoporosis caused by collagen loss in skin and bone. However, intake of Anise supplement should be taken with extreme care in prevented toxicity.



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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Greek plant extracts exhibit selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-like properties by Kassi E1, Papoutsi Z, Fokialakis N, Messari I, Mitakou S, Moutsatsou P.(PubMed)
(2) Anethole prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and collagen metabolism alterations in human skin fibroblast by Anna Galicka, Rafał Krętowski, Jolanta Nazaruk, and Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko(PubMed)
(3) Differential Effects Between the Loss of MMP-2 and MMP-9 on Structural and Tissue-Level Properties of Bone by Jeffry S Nyman,1,2,3,4 Conor C Lynch,5 Daniel S Perrien,2,3 Sophie Thiolloy,6 Elizabeth C O’Quinn,2,7 Chetan A Patil,4 Xiaohong Bi,2,4 George M Pharr,8,9 Anita Mahadevan-Jansen,4 andGregory R Mundy(PMC)
(4) Osteoporosis, a unitary hypothesis of collagen loss in skin and bone by Shuster S1.(PubMed)

Herbal Chamomile Kills Cancer Cells Before They Can Spread

Scientists may have found a herbal plant that processes a strong potential for the treatment of cancer without inducing any side effects, some studies suggested.

Cancers are a class of diseases associated with the irregular and disorder cell growth in the tissue or organs in the body due to the alternation of cell DNA.

Most cases of cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the tissue and organ tissue. However, as the cancer proliferation, they can penetrate into the deeper layers of the tissue or organ.

At the advanced stage, the primary cancer site can travel a distance away from the primary site to infect other healthy tissue and organ through fluids and blood circulation.

The exact causes of cancer are unknown. According to the epidemiological studies, the most common risk factors associated with the early onset of the diseases are smoking and tobacco, diet, physical inactivity, long-term exposure to the.sun and radiation and a certain type of virus and bacteria.

Out of all the risk factors that increase the cancer risk, physical activity is one of the factors which has not been under intensified study by the science community.

In the study to examine the accumulate on the benefits of physical activity in relation to cancer risk, progression, and mortality, researchers suggested
* Sedentary behavior may independently affect cancer risk
* The associations with physical activity, including cancer risk factors existed for precancerous lesions.

Although researchers know that physical activity is an important issue associated with the onset of cancer, they do not know the subgroup risk defined by body size, age or sex and tumor subgroups defined by the organ location, receptor status, or molecular subtype.

Chamomile is also known as camomile, the common name of many species daisy-like plants in the family Asteraceae.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory constituents and to treat menstrual cramps and sleep disorders, reduce cramping and spastic pain in the bowels, relieve excessive gas and bloating in the intestine, etc.

In the reaffirming the traditional use of chamomile for the treatment of chronic ailments, researchers examine the anticancer properties of aqueous and methanolic extracts of chamomile against various human cancer cell lines.

Chamomile extracts a significant decrease in cell viability in various human cancer cell lines without inducing harm to the healthy cells.

Injection of the herbal extract causes the apoptosis of cancer cells, causing harm to the normal cells.

The anti cancers effect of chamomile extract was attributed to the bioactive compound apigenin 7-O-glucoside, the major constituent of chamomile; some minor glycoside components.

These results reconfirm the use of chamomile extract in the treatment of cancers in traditional medicine.

Furthermore, the study to compare the anticancer activity of phenolic profile of six herbal infusions namely Cretan marjoram, pink savory, oregano, mountain tea, pennyroyal and chamomile by LCDAD-MS and by GC-MS, suggested
* All herbal infusions exhibit antiradical activity correlated positively with total phenolic content

* All infusions exhibit the potential to inhibit cell proliferation and to reduce IL-8 levels in HT29 colon and PC3 prostate cancer cells.

* The efficacy of all herbal medicines in inhibition of cancer cell line was attributed to the activation of the proteins associated with the cell death programming and production of the inflammatory cytokine.

Interestingly, in the comparison the cancer property of 20 essential oil from herbal plants, Dr. Mitoshi M, the lead scientists indicated, EOs from the herbal plants showed patterns of inhibition of DNA replicative property, similar to their cancer cell growth inhibitory activity, and their inhibitory activity and EOs from chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) showed significant effects on both cancer cell growth and mast cell degranulation.

Taken altogether, chamomile extract, the essential oil may be used with no side effects for the prevention and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of cancers.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of chamomile extract in various human cancer cells.
Srivastava JK1, Gupta S.(PubMed)
(2) Herbal infusions; their phenolic profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in HT29 and PC3 cells by Kogiannou DA1, Kalogeropoulos N, Kefalas P, Polissiou MG, Kaliora AC. (PubMed)
(3) Effects of essential oils from herbal plants and citrus fruits on DNA polymerase inhibitory, cancer cell growth inhibitory, antiallergic, and antioxidant activities by Mitoshi M1, Kuriyama I, Nakayama H, Miyazato H, Sugimoto K, Kobayashi Y, Jippo T, Kanazawa K, Yoshida H, Mizushina Y. (PubMed)
(4) Physical Activity and Cancer by Jessica Clague and Leslie Bernstein. (PMC)

Cinnamon - The Best Whole Herb medicine for Treatment of Menstrual Pain and Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

Cinnamon is a spice derived from the inner bark of tree, native to South East Asia, of over 300 species of the genus Cinnamomum, belonging to the familyLauraceae, use in herbal and traditional medicine as anti-fungal and bacteria level, to improve reproductive organ, prevent flatulence and intestinal cramping, and to treat indigestion, diarrhea, bad breath, headache, migraine, etc.


Topical use of essential oil extracted from cinnamon may be the next generation whole herb medicine for prevention and treatment of menstrual pain and heavy menstrual bleeding

According to the Eulji University, in the study compared the effect of aromatherapy massage and acetaminophen on menstrual pain in Korean high school girls. the cinnamon treatment group showed a significantly higher reduction of menstrual pain than in the acetaminophen group.

In a randomized, double-blind trial, out of 114, the group received Cinnamon (capsule containing 420 mg Cinnamon, TDS, n= 38) in 24 h significantly reduced the severity and duration of pain during menstruation and menstrual bleeding.

In primary dysmenorrhea, cinnamon expressed significantly over the reduction of pain, menstrual bleeding, nausea and vomiting with primary dysmenorrhea without side effects.

Dr. Marzouk TM., the lead author at the Mansoura University said, " ... aromatherapy abdominal massage once daily for seven days prior to menstruation using the essential oils (cinnamon....) is effective in alleviating menstrual pain, its duration, and excessive menstrual bleeding...." and "Aromatherapy can be provided as a nonpharmacological pain relief measure and as a part of nursing care given to girls suffering from dysmenorrhea, or excessive menstrual bleeding".

Further study of the effect of cinnamon extract on symptoms of dysmenorrhea and contractility in some smooth muscles, Dr. Alotaibi M. suggested, cinnamon may be used to alleviate menstrual pain associated with dysmenorrhoea or prevent unwanted uterine activity in early pregnancy.

Indeed, Cinnamon may be the effective whole herb medicine used for the treatment of menstrual pain. Intake of cinnamon should be taken with care as toxicity is found in case of overdoses.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Aromatherapy massage on the abdomen for alleviating menstrual pain in high school girls: a preliminary controlled clinical study by Hur MH1, Lee MS, Seong KY, Lee MK.(PubMed)
(2) Comparative effect of cinnamon and Ibuprofen for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized double-blind clinical trial by Jaafarpour M1, Hatefi M2, Khani A3, Khajavikhan J4.(PubMed)
(3) The effect of cinnamon on menstrual bleeding and systemic symptoms with primary dysmenorrhea by Jaafarpour M1, Hatefi M2, Najafi F3, Khajavikhan J4, Khani A3.(PubMed)
(4) The effect of aromatherapy abdominal massage on alleviating menstrual pain in nursing students: a prospective randomized cross-over study by Marzouk TM1, El-Nemer AM, Baraka HN.(PubMed)
(5) The effect of cinnamon extract on isolated rat uterine strips by Alotaibi M1.(PubMed)

The Effects of Herbal Chickweed on Obesity

Chickweed is a cool-season annual plant often eaten by chickens., genus S. media, belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe. The herb has been used in herbal medicine to treat skin conditions, indigestion, eczema, cough, rashes, etc. and as astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, expectorant, laxative, refrigerant, vulnerary agent.

Chemical constituents(1)(2)
1. Igenin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside
2. Apigenin 6-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-beta-D-galactopyranoside
3. Apigenin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-beta-L-arabinopyranoside
4. Apigenin 6-C-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-beta-D-galactopyranoside
5. Apigenin 6, 8-di-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside
6. Alkaloidal glycoside
7. Glucodichotomine B
8. Neolignan glycosides
9. Dichotomosides A, B, C, and D
10. Phenylpropanoid glycoside
11. Dichotomoside E
12. Saponins
13. Mucilage
14. PABA
15. Coumarin,
16. Flavonoids (rutin)
17. Hydroxycoumarin

Obesity is defined as a medical condition of excess body fat that has accumulated over time, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relative to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of the American population is either overweight or obese.
In progesterone-induced obesity model in female albino mice, conducted by the CMR College of Pharmacy, showed that Methanolic extract of S. media (MESM) inhibits the increase in body weight, adipose tissue weight and size, and upturned obesity and associated complications and may be beneficial in the suppression of obesity-induced by progesterone(3). Another study suggested that the anti-obesity effects of Llyophilized juice extracted from the plant in high-fat-diet fed mice may be partly mediated through delaying the intestinal absorption of dietary fat and carbohydrate by inhibiting digestive enzymes(4).

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References
(a) [Studies on chemical constituents from stellaria media. I].[Article in Chinese] by Dong Q1, Huang Y, Qiao SY.(PubMed)
(b) Bioactive constituents from Chinese natural medicines. XIV. New glycosides of beta-carboline-type alkaloid, neolignan, and phenylpropanoid from Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata and their antiallergic activities by Morikawa T1, Sun B, Matsuda H, Wu LJ, Harima S, Yoshikawa M.(PubMed)
(1) [Studies on chemical constituents from stellaria media. I].[Article in Chinese] by Dong Q1, Huang Y, Qiao SY.(PubMed)
(2) Bioactive constituents from Chinese natural medicines. XIV. New glycosides of beta-carboline-type alkaloid, neolignan, and phenylpropanoid from Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata and their antiallergic activities by Morikawa T1, Sun B, Matsuda H, Wu LJ, Harima S, Yoshikawa M.(PubMed)
(3)Antiobesity effect of Stellaria media against drug induced obesity in Swiss albino mice by Chidrawar VR1, Patel KN, Sheth NR, Shiromwar SS, Trivedi P.(PubMed)
(4) Quality assessment and anti-obesity activity of Stellaria media (Linn.) Vill by Rani N1, Vasudeva N, Sharma SK.(PubMed)

The effects of Chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus-castus) on Mastalgia

Chaste tree berry is a species of Vitex agnus-castus, genus Vitex, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, used in herbal medicine for thousands of years as an aphrodisiac herb. It is considered as a Queen herb in treating menstrual problems and discomforts by taking it in a prolonged period of time. There was a report that chaste tree berry stems and leaves used by women as bedding "to cool the heat of lust" during the time of the Thesmophoria,

Chemical constituents
1. β-citronellol
2. Labdane-type diterpenoids,
3. Halimane-type diterpenoid,
4. Oleanane-type triterpenoids,
5. Ursane-type triterpenoids,
6. Sesquiterpenoid,
7. Flavonoid
8. Viteagnusins C, D, E, F, G, and H
9. Abietane-type diterpenoids

Mastalgia is a condition of breast tenderness and pain come and gone with monthly periods.
Vitex agnus castus (VACS) extract in treatment phase lasted 3 consequent menstrual cycles (2 x 30 drops/day = 1.8 ml of VASC) or placebo in a double-blind, placebo-controlled in two parallel groups (every 50 patients), showed to inhibit cyclical breast pain in women(1). In support of the view, the study of Gynecology: select topics, indicated that chaste tree may attenuate the symptoms of mastalgia(2) such as premenstrual mastodynia(Breast pain)(3).


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References
(1) [Treatment of cyclical mastodynia using an extract of Vitex agnus castus: results of a double-blind comparison with a placebo].[Article in Czech by Halaska M1, Raus K, Bĕles P, Martan A, Paithner KG.(PubMed)
(2) Gynecology: select topics by Sidani M1, Campbell J.(PubMed)
(3) Chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus)--pharmacology and clinical indications by Wuttke W1, Jarry H, Christoffel V, Spengler B, Seidlová-Wuttke D.(PubMed)

Herbal Coltsfoot(Tussilago farfara) Anti Bacterial and Cancer Remedy

Cancer is a group of cell mutated diseases caused by the alternation of DNA.

Most cases of cancer begin in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the tissue of an organ. At the early, most people with cancer are asymptomatic, however, at the later, due to the size and the tumor, patients may experience the general cancer symptoms such as unintended weight loss, fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort and loss of appetite and localized symptoms such as severe pain and bleeding.

The exact causes of cancer are not identified. As of today, researchers do not know why one person develops cancer and another doesn’t, even they share some common risk factors of the disease.

However, most prevalent factors associated with the cancer onset are age, family history, long-term exposure to certain cancer-induced chemicals, use of tobacco and excessive alcohol drinking,..... the list goes on and on, depending on the types of cancer.

Some researchers suggested that the causes of cancer in the Western world may be associated with widespread obesity.

Dr. Karen Basen-Engquist, in the evaluation of obesity risk of cancer, said, "In the United States, approximately 85,000 new cancer cases per year are related to obesity. Recent research has found that as the body mass index increases by 5 kg/m2, cancer mortality increases by 10%".

And, "High priorities for future research involve additional work on the underlying mechanisms, and trials to examine the effect of lifestyle behavior change and weight loss interventions on cancer and intermediate biomarkers".

The findings strong indicated the risk of cancer is increased substantially in obese.

Bacteria are single-celled organisms of which only a few have been found to cause infection.
The bacterial infection is the infection caused by bacteria. Most cases of bacterial infection are treated with antibiotics. However, bacteria are very adaptable, overuse of antibiotics has made many of them resistant to antibiotics.

There are trillions of strains of bacteria in the world, but only a few of these cause diseases in humans. Some of them live inside our gut.

The most common symptoms of bacterial infection include redness and heat, swelling, fever, pain at the site of infection.

In severe cases, the patient may also experience symptoms of swollen lymph glands.

Most cases of bacterial infection can be treated successfully if the types of bacteria that cause the infection are identified.


There are many risk factors associated with the onset of bacterial infection, some researchers suggested that people with a weakened immune system may increase the prevalence of bacterial infection.


Coltsfoot(Tussilago farfara) is a perennial herbaceous plant, genus Tussilago, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia. The herb has been used over thousands of year to treat asthma, various coughs, bronchial congestion, respiratory disorders, headaches and obstruction in the nasal passage, etc.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of chronic disease, researchers examined the anti-bacterial and cancer effects of sesquiterpenoids from the flower bud extract of Tussilago farfara by the silver and gold nanoparticles that had a characteristic surface plasmon resonance at 416 nm and 538 nm, respectively.

According to the tested analysis, the silver nanoparticles showed better antibacterial activity (two- to four-fold enhancement) on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria compared to the extract alone.

Furthermore, the highest antibacterial activity was obtained against vancomycin-resistant Enterococci Van-A type Enterococcus faecium.


Gold nanoparticles exerted the highest cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines, compared silver nanoparticles, particularly in human pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma cells.


Based on the findings, researchers said, "both nanoparticles synthesized with the sesquiterpenoids from T. farfara flower bud extract can be applied as drug delivery vehicles of anticancer or antibacterial agents for future nanomedicine applications.".


Taken altogether, coltsfoot may be considered a remedy for the treatment of bacterial infection and cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Sesquiterpenoids from Tussilago farfara Flower Bud Extract for the Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Possessing Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities by Lee YJ1, Song K2, Cha SH3, Cho S4, Kim YS5, Park Y. (PubMed)

Herbal Cat's Claw, The Herbal Remedy That Alleviates Symptoms and Improves Quality of Life In the Osteoarthritis Patients

Cat's claw may be the next potential and pharmaceutical target to identify the next single ingredient for the treatment of osteoarthritis, some researchers found.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of arthritis characterized by the breaking down of joint cartilage and underlying bone, leading to symptoms of joint pain and stiffness.

Most common causes of osteoarthritis (OA)in the Western world is the most common disease of people with an occupation of repetitive movements of the joints and obesity, the disease which has a strong and negative impact on the weight-bearing joints.

However, injuries to joints that were not healed properly at a younger age such as fracture, and ligament tears can also lead to osteoarthritis.

In response to the question of why? people with the same health conditions, some are susceptible to the onset of osteoarthritis, while some others do not. Researchers launched an investigation to examine the mutated genes associated with the risks of osteoarthritis.

In fact, the genetic bases of this disease do not follow the typical patterns of Mendelian inheritance but involving the alterations in multiple genes.

Among genes that have been scanned, genes associated with the collagen type II (COL2A1) coded for structural proteins of the extracellular matrix of the cartilage seem to have an important role to have the osteoarthritic process.

Other genes coded for the structural proteins of the extracellular matrix, some candidates present increased susceptibility to developing the disease, including COL9A2, COL11A1, COL11A2 or COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein gene).

Dr., the lead author, after taking into account of co and confounders suggested "it seems clear that expression levels in osteoarthritic and healthy patients are different and that genetic inheritance is a factor that should be considered in the near future for diagnosing and treating osteoarthritis" and

"On the other hand, it is important to recognize the interaction between genetic and environmental factors (e.g. obesity, excessive stress on the joint articulation, or the type of occupation) as it can be critical in the clinical expression of the disease".

The finding clearly indicated that genetic mutations inherited from the parents are found to associate with the prevalent risk of the disease.


Cat's claw found in the tropical jungles of South and Central America, is a genus Uncaria, belonging to the family Rubiaceae.

The plant has been used in traditional medicine over two thousand years as a tonic, contraceptive, anti-inflammatory, and infectious agent, and to treat diarrhea, rheumatic disorders, acne, diabetes, cancer and diseases of the urinary tract, etc..

The chemical constituents of Cat's claw include ajmalicine, akuammigine, campesterol, catechin, carboxyl alkyl esters, chlorogenic acid, cinchonain, corynantheine, corynoxeine, daucosterol, epicatechin, harman, hirsuteine, hirsutine, iso-pteropodine, etc.

In the finding, a natural ingredient or whole food similar to those of conventional medicine with no side effects, researchers at the Case Western Reserve University examined the anti-inflammatory activity in a number of botanical plants including the cat's claw.

Selected plants in the study include some medicinal fruits and herbs - pomegranate, green tea, cat's claw, devil's claw, ginger, Indian olibanum, turmeric, and bananas.
In the analysis of the pivotal molecular targets involved in inflammation and the joint destruction processed for OA management, researchers found that chemical compounds isolated from herbal Cat' s claw demonstrated a strong effect in ameliorating the symptoms of pain, compared to other medicinal plants and fruits.

After taking into account co and confounders, including the limitation of evidence of studies,, researchers wrote, " Overall, these studies identify and support the use of nutraceuticals to provide symptomatic relief to patients with OA and to be used as an adjunct therapy for OA management".

Additionally, in the study to reaffirm the use of nutraceuticals for the treatment of Osteoarthritis, researchers launched an investigation to examine the efficacy of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements.
The searching of the literature on the databases of the MEDLINE (1996 through January 2009), results in a total of 16 clinical studies (11 randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials, three crossover trials, one case-controlled study, and one open-label study) in addition to one meta-analysis and one review article satisfied the guideline and criteria.


Cat's claw used alone or combined with other herbal medicines were effective for the treatment of OA through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Moreover, Dr, Hardin SR in the evaluation of the anti-OA effects of Cat's claw suggested that The mechanism of cat's claw appears to be as an inhibitor of TNF-alpha, an inflammatory cytokine produced in the chronic inflammation by the immune system and antioxidant.

However, further analysis of the nature and processes in osteoarthritis may facilitate and clarify the potential role of the cat's claw as a complementary therapy to assist in the reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators and effectors.

Taken all together, there is no doubt that herbal Cat's claw may be considered a functional herb for the prevention and adjunct therapy for the treatment of osteoarthritis without inducing any side effects.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) Current nutraceuticals in the management of osteoarthritis: a review by Akhtar N1, Haqqi TM. (PubMed)
(2) Antioxidants and antiinflammatory dietary supplements for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis by Rosenbaum CC1, O'Mathúna DP, Chavez M, Shields K.(PubMed)
(3) Cat's claw: an Amazonian vine decreases inflammation in osteoarthritis by Hardin SR.(PubMed)
(4) Genetics in Osteoarthritis by Mercedes Fernández-Moreno, Ignacio Rego, Vanessa Carreira-Garcia, and Francisco J Blanco. (PMC)