Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Food Allergy
Allergy is the over reaction of immune system to harmless substances after entering our body affecting 1 in every 3 people.
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Causes
Allergy is defined as the type I reactions or Immediate Hypersensitivity as a result of
over production of Immunoglobulin E (IgE), a class of allergic antibody by the immune system against harmless substance that lead to mediated release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils, resulting in allergic reaction, including mucus secretion, sneezing, itching, etc.
Types of allergy
Food allergy
Food allergy is a result of over production of antibody Immunoglobulin E (IgE) of immune system in responding to harmless ingredients in the foods such as peanut, shrimp, crayfish, lobster, walnuts, peanuts, soy, legume, etc., after eating. Food allergy is severe food intolerance, in some cases, it may be resulted in fatal or hospitalization.
Food allergy can be classified into 2 types, depending to the length of the reaction of the immune system
1. Fixed food allergy
Fixed food allergy is defined as symptoms of allergy appeared immediately as soon as the allergic food is eaten.
2. 2. Marked (Cyclic) allergies
This types of allergic symptoms may taken longer to take effects, usually hour or days after the allergic food is eaten. Coiled foods allergy affects 90% of the patient of all cases.
A. 1. How to determine the severity of the allergic effects
Depending to the allergy stimulating effect, some researchers suggested to scalethe severity from 1 to 4 and followed by degeneration scale, but from -1 to -4
A.1.1. The severity scale from +1 to +4
+1. The first level of stimulation
If there is no symptoms at all or If the patient is alert and function morally after allergic is eaten
+2. The second level of stimulation
The patient have become irritable, hyperactive, tense, thirsty, etc. after a suspected allergic foods is eaten
+3. The third level of stimulation
The patient have become hypomanic, aggressive, apprehensive, etc.
+4. The fourth level of stimulation
The patient have become mania, agitation, over excitement, etc.
A.1.2. Degeneration scale from -1 to -4
-1. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of runny nose, hive, diarrhea, etc.
-2. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of tiredness, fatigue, swelling etc.
-3. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of depression, mental disturbance, confusion, mood change, etc.
-4. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of sever depression, paranoia, etc.
A.2. Causes
Researchers knew that food allergy is caused by over production of antibody Immunoglobulin E (IgE), but what trigger such production is still unknown.
a. Genetic passing through?
In a study of "Genetics of food allergy." by Hong X, Tsai HJ, Wang X. from theSource of Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Children's Memorial Hospital and Children's Memorial Research Center, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA., researchers found that Genetics in food allergy is a promising research area but is still in its infancy. More studies are needed to dissect susceptible genes of food allergy. A genome-wide association approach may serve as a powerful tool to identify novel genes related to food allergy. Furthermore, the role of gene-environment interaction, gene-gene interaction, and epigenetics in food allergy remains largely unexplored. Given the complex nature of food allergy, future studies need to integrate environment, genomics, and epigenomics in order to better understand the multifaceted etiology and biological mechanisms of food allergy.
b. Environment?
In a study of "Genetic and environmental risk factors for the development of food allergy." by
Björkstén B. from the Source of Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. bengt.bjorksten@cfa.ki.se, researcher found that the causes of food allergy are still unknown and no particular genes associated particularly with food allergy have been identified, although there is a strong association in general between genetic susceptibility to food allergy and that to IgE-mediated allergy. There are still no measures for general recommendation in order to prevent food allergy and no genes have been linked conclusively to disease. Further research concentrating on food allergy is obviously needed.
3. Genetically Modified food
In an article of "Allergy from GM food" posted Sept. 2000, by EUROPEAN FEDERATION of BIOTECHNOLOGY, the author wrote that a new transgenic variety of Soya was developed as an improved animal feed by inserting a gene from the Brazil nut. It turned out in laboratory tests, done before commercialisation, that the new variety was potentially able to cause an allergic reaction in humans and the product was therefore not brought to the market. This shows that laboratory tests are a reliable means of testing GM products or other novel foods for potential allergenicity. Conversely, genetic engineering will, in the future, be able to remove specific genes from crops which may lead to less allergenic foods and thereby improve the life of those suffering from food allergies.
4. Etc.
A.3. Symptoms
Depending to the effect area after allergic food is eaten
1. Central nervous system
Certain allergic food can affect the central nervous system as it can pass through the blood and enter the brain of which interferes with the function, leading impaired thinking, depression, anxiety, inability of concentration, etc.
2. Skin reaction
As a result of the allergic food cause of over production of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) of which affect the skin area, leading to rash, itching, inflammation, etc.
3. Respiratory reaction
If the immune system's over production if antibody affects the lung, it can cause breathing difficulty, wheezing, asthma, etc.
4. Digestive system
If the allergy affects the digestive system, it can cause diarrhea, abnormal cramps and pain, itching tongue, vomiting, indigestion, etc.
5. Cardiovascular system
It can cause abnormal beating, pallor, etc.
6. Adrenal system
It can lead to fatigue, low energy, tiredness, etc.
7. Etc.
A.4. Diagnosis
If you are experience food allergy, it is possible to find what types of food have trigger that, eliminating the offending foods can help to avoid the incidence to happen again. After recording the family history and a complete physical exam. you doctor may order
1. Rotation diets
The aim of this diagnosis is to find out types of food that the patient is allergic to. In this diagnosis, you are asked to write down all the foods of which have been eaten in the day when the allergy occurs. then each day one of the food is eaten only once on its rotation day and the length of the rotation cycle may be much longer than four to five days. If the allergic foods are found, you are asked to avoid them several months, then they are reintroduced with small quality to see how the immune system react to them. In most cases, patient can eat once in a specific time length or small quality. If you don't remember what you had eaten that day, your rotation diet will start with broader range of all (Most) foods that you are eaten daily.
2. Skin test
a. Intradermal test
It is one of most common test but time consuming( some patient may return for more 20 time for the injection) in diagnosis of allergy and depending to the symptoms, by injecting small amounts of diluted allergens into the top layers of the skin to see how the immune system react to them.
b. Skin prick testing
Similar to the Intradermal test, but the diagnosis involves in applying a drop of allergen into to punctures made on the skin.
3. Blood test ((RadioAllergoSorbent Test)
This is the test for evaluating of the levels of IgE-mediated food allergies react to a particular allergen. If you RAST score is higher than the predictive value for that food, 95% chance you will have an allergic reaction. Unfortunately, non-IgE mediated allergies cannot be detected by this method.
4. Challenge Tests
Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, most doctors will avoid the test unless it is absolutely necessary and the test is performed only in the hospital. In this test, suspected allergen package into capsule taken by patient and signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction are observed.
5. Kinessiolody
the test is done by placing the suspected allergic food under the tongue of the patient and asked to lower the stretched arms against the force of the doctor. If the patient can not lower the arms, it may be an indication of allergic effect.
6. Etc.
A.5. Preventions
There is no way that a patient can prevent food allergy, unless the patient eat less than the amount that can trigger the allergy or completely withdraw from eating them. According to the article of Possible Causes of Food Allergies posted at Childallergy.com, empowering families and communities managing food allergy, the author wrote that FDA biochemical engineer Tong-Jen Fu, Ph.D., is analyzing methods currently used by scientists to determine the allergenic potential of new proteins that may be introduced in food. "The only way people can avoid allergic reactions to food is to avoid eating those offending foods," says Fu. "But we know that there is some possibility that a new protein in food may be an allergen for some individuals. So it is important to have sound scientific methods for assessing whether a new protein will be an allergen."
A.6. Treatments
A.6.1. Conventional medicine
1. Rotation Diet
In Rotation Diet, you are asked to write down all the foods of which have been eaten in the day when the allergy occurs. then each day one of the food is eaten only once on its rotation day and the length of the rotation cycle may be much longer than four to five days. If the allergic foods are found, you are asked to avoid them several months, then they are reintroduced with small quality to see how the immune system react to them. In most cases, patient can eat once in a specific time length or small quality. If you don't remember what you had eaten that day, your rotation diet will start with broader range of all (Most) foods that you are eaten daily.
2. Anaphylactic reactions
people with sever symptoms of food allergy is advised to carry a self-injectable form of epinephrine, or adrenaline prescribed by their doctors and seek hospital attention as soon as possible.
3. Other mild symptoms
Other mild food allergic symptoms are treat according to the types of medication, including Bronchodilators, anti-allergics, antihistamines, NSAIDs, etc.
A.6.2. Nutritional supplements
1. Antioxidants
Since Allergies are caused by immune over reaction of certain harmless substance, enhancing immue system is one of the best way to prevent and treat them as some researchers suggested that allergies may be caused by weakened immune system over aggression. Vitamin A, E, C are antioxidants and free radical scavengers, they protect the immune system from free radicals attack and help to reduce levels of histamine in the blood. For more information of antioxidants and health effects
2. Vitamin D
According to the article " Vitamin D deficiency may be a factor in development of allergies posted in Washing Post, Monday, March, 7, 2011, " Allergies and Vitamin D, Youths low in 'sunshine vitamin' may be more prone to allergies",the author wrote that analyzed data on 6,590 people, roughly half of them 21 years of age and younger and half older. The group was deemed representative of the U.S. population. Vitamin D levels were determined by blood tests, as was sensitivity to 17 common allergens. Among the youths, food and environmental allergies were greater in those with lower levels of Vitamin D. Young people deficient in Vitamin D were about twice as likely as those with higher levels of the nutrient to have peanut or ragweed allergies and nearly five times as likely to be allergic to oak.
3. B-complex
in a study of "Vitamin B-6 deficiency impairs interleukin 2 production and lymphocyte proliferation in elderly adults." by Meydani SN, Ribaya-Mercado JD, Russell RM, Sahyoun N, Morrow FD, Gershoff SN., USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111. posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vitamin B-6 deficiency impairs in vitro indices of cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly adults. This impairment is reversible by vitamin B-6 repletion.
4. N-accetyl-cysteine (NAC)
It is an antioxidant and an amino acid precursor to glutathione which helps to strengthen immune system against cold, flu and allergy and enhances the respiratory system functioning.
5. Coenzyme Q10
It is an immune and nervous system enhancer, according to the article of "CoQ10 Helps the Immune System and Brain Function" by A.S. Gissen, posted in Immunesupport.com, the author wrote that In 1970, it was first reported that CoQ6 and CoQ10, when administered to rats, significantly enhanced immune cells' ability to kill bacteria, as well as elevated their antibody response.
6. Alpha lipoic acid
Alpha lipoic acid is another antioxidant which promotes the immune system by enhabcing the function of other antioxidants such as vitamin C, E, glutathione, etc. according to the article of "A relatively unknown antioxidant, alpha-lipoic acid, may be more potent than vitamins C and E" by Robert Sander, the author wrote that Because both alpha-lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid are antioxidants, their combined actions give them greater antioxidant potency than any natural antioxidant now known, Packer says. He notes another property of alpha-lipoic acid that makes it a great antioxidant. Since it is soluble in both water and fat, it can move into all parts of the cell to neutralize free radicals. Vitamin C, on the other hand, is limited to the watery parts of cells because it is soluble only in water; while vitamin E is soluble only in fat and sticks to the fatty parts of cells.
8. Digestive enzyme
Digestive enzymes are absolutely vital to human health, they break down large protein molecules, so essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals can be easily absorbed.
According to the article of "Digestive Enzymes Combat Leaky Gut and Food Allergy" By Dr. CE Gant on 04/14/2011, he wrote that toxin damage causes tiny holes to form in the normally tight barrier between the cells lining the GI Tract (leaky gut), which allows relatively large molecules of food protein to pass through and encounter the immune surveillance (60% + of body’s overall immune system is in and around the GI tract), which then “tricks” the immune system into “believing” the foreign protein from a food is a threat to the body. This sets up an attack mode against perfectly nutritious food protein, which is called a food (and/or “brain”) allergy.
9. Minerals
a. Zinc
It corrects the digestive system cause of allergy as a result of deficient production of stomach acid.
b. Calcium
It beside is considered as essential mineral for healthy bone, calcium is also important to reduce the risk of allergy. According to the study of "Calcium-deficiency rickets in a four-year-old boy with milk allergy." by Davidovits M, Levy Y, Avramovitz T, Eisenstein B.(Nephrology Unit, Children's Medical Center, Petah Tiqva, Israel) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that These findings were thought to be the result of dietary calcium deficiency caused by the prolonged elimination from his diet of cow milk and milk products because of allergy. Adequate intake of calcium resulted in rapid improvement.
c. Potassium
It enhance the adrenal gland function, thus reducing the symptoms of allergy cause of fatigue, weakness, tiredness
d. Magnesium
It is vital to relieve the allergy symptom of asthma and respiratory problems
e. Etc.
10. Etc.
A.6.3. Herbs
1. Panax Ginseng
In a study of "Effects of Red Ginseng extract on allergic reactions to food in Balb/c mice." by
Sumiyoshi M, Sakanaka M, Kimura Y. (Division of Functional Histology, Department of Functional Biomedicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers suggested that It may also protect against sensitization to antigens as an immunomodulator by increasing intestinal IgA secretion without affecting antigen-specific IgE levels. In conclusion, Red Ginseng roots may be a natural preventative of food allergies.
2. Garlic
It is best known for treating cold and flu and enhances immune system against alll types of foreign invasion. According to the study of "Immunomodulatory Effects of Aged Garlic Extract"
Eikai Kyo, Naoto Uda, Shigeo Kasuga and Yoichi Itakur, Posted in the "Journal of Nutrition" in March 2001, researchers strongly suggest that AGE (Aged Garlic Extract) could be a promising candidate as an immune modifier, which maintains the homeostasis of immune functions; further studies are warranted to determine when it is most beneficial.
3. Grape seed extract
Grape seed extract is best known for its antioxidant property in delay aging, it also acts as a natural histamine inhibitor, thus reducing the risk of allergic responses.
4. Licorice root
Beside is nest known to lower stomach acid levels, relieve heartburn and indigestion, licorice root is also boost the levels of interferon of immune system to fight off attacking viruses. According to the article of "Licorice, plantain and nettle herbs used in the treatment of Allergies" posted in Bitteroot restorationthe author wrote that This ( Licorice root) can actually help to counteract many of the symptoms that are associated with allergies.: It also contains substances which work to thin the mucus and soothe to respiratory passages, which can reduce irritation that often accompanies allergies and their symptoms.
5. Turmeric
Turmeric paste has been used in traditional herbal medicine as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent, it also helps to treat allergy. According to an article "Vitamin D and turmeric for allergies" by Joe Graedon and Teresa Graedon posted in Washington Post, May 11-2009, the authors wrote that In animal studies, turmeric prevents the release of histamine from mast cells (Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, September 2008). If it works similarly in humans, this would prevent allergy symptoms from developing.
6. Sting Netttle
Sting Netttle contains antihistaminics which has been used as cream in treating symptoms of allergy. In a study of "Nettle extract (Urtica dioica) affects key receptors and enzymes associated with allergic rhinitis." by Roschek B Jr, Fink RC, McMichael M, Alberte RS.(HerbalScience Group LLC, 1004 Collier Center Way, Suite 200, Naples, FL 34110, USA.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Through the use of DART TOF-MS, which yields exact masses and relative abundances of compounds present in complex mixtures, bioactives have been identified in nettle that contribute to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways related to allergic rhinitis. These results provide for the first time, a mechanistic understanding of the role of nettle extracts in reducing allergic and other inflammatory responses in vitro.
7. Butterbur
Has been used over thousand of years in herbal medicine in treating symptoms of allergy, including to treat coughs,, asthma, stress, muscle relaxant, etc..According to the article of "Allergy" posted in The University of Michigan health System, the article indicated Two double-blind studies have compared butterbur extract to standard antihistamine drugs in people with hay fever. The first compared it with the drug cetirizine (Zyrtec) and found the drug and butterbur extract relieved symptoms equally well. However, cetirizine caused significantly more adverse effects, including a high rate of drowsiness.4 The second study compared butterbur extract with fexofenadine (Allegra) and placebo. Butterbur extract was as effective as fexofenadine at relieving symptoms, and both were significantly better than placebo.
8. Ginkgo
Ginkgo leaves contain ginkgolides, which inhibit platelet-activating factor cause of asthma and allergies. according to the study of "Ginkgolides Antagonizing Some Effects of Platelet-activating Factor in Vitro" vy Dong JC, Li M, Shi ZY (Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University) posted in Chiro.org, researchers found thatexposure of guinea pigs' bronchus to PAF in vitro resulted in a loss of beta-adrenergic receptors and responses to isoproterenol, and this effect of PAF was prevented by prior incubation of the guinea pigs' bronchus with ginkgolides (P < 0.05). The results showed ginkgolides were a potent PAF antagonist.
9. Etc.
A.6.4. Traditional Chinese medicine
1. The Chinese herbal formula FAHF-2
In a study of "The Chinese herbal medicine formula FAHF-2 completely blocks anaphylactic reactions in a murine model of peanut allergy." by Srivastava KD, Kattan JD, Zou ZM, Li JH, Zhang L, Wallenstein S, Goldfarb J, Sampson HA, Li XM., Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA. posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that FAHF-2 treatment completely eliminated anaphylaxis in mice allergic to peanut challenged as long as 5 weeks posttherapy. This result was associated with downregulation of T H 2 responses. FAHF-2 may be a potentially effective and safe therapy for peanut allergy.
2. Ingredients
1. Lingzhi (Reishi Mushroom)
Main use: Tonifies Qi and Body Fluids, Nourishes Yin and Blood, Strengthens the Spleen and the Stomach,...
2. Wu Mei (Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit)
Main use: Strengthens the Lungs, Nourishes the Kidneys, Promotes generation of Body Fluids, Stops sweating, Stops diarrhea,...
3. Chuan Jiao (Szechuan Pepper Fruit)
Main use: Warms the Middle Burner, Disperses Cold, Alleviates Abdominal Pain, ....
4. Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome)
Main use: Clears Heat, Dries Dampness, Disperses Fire; Expels toxins.....
5. Huang Bai (Amur Cork Tree Bark)
Main use: Clears Damp Heat, Dries Dampness, Disperses Fire, Expels toxins,....
6. Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger)
Main use: Warms the Middle Burner, Warms the Lungs, Transforms Phlegm,....
7. Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig)
Main use: Releases the Exterior, Warms the Channels, Tonifies the Yang,...
8. Ren Shen (Ginseng Root)
Main use: Strongly tonifies Original Qi, Tonifies the Spleen and Lungs; Promotes generation of Body Fluids, Relieves thirst,...
9. Dang Gui (Chinese Angelica Root)
Main use: Tonifies and Moves Blood, Calms pain, Moistens the Intestines,...
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Friday, July 1, 2016
AntiAging: The Research and Studies of Skin Aging - The Effects of Vitamins - A
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
All right reserved. Reproduction and Translation to other languages of this publication are prohibited without consent of the writer.
Who doesn't want to look 5, 10,15 or 20 years younger in comparison to people with the same age group?
The dream of finding the ingredients in rejuvenated aging skin has been ongoing since human civilization. Unfortunately, many ingredients with no commercial values have been discarded due to their effects in dampening the profits of all cosmetic companies.
Don't ask me about commercial anti-aging products. Most of them are produced for making profits and do not perform as theirs' claims. Truly, if one found to be effective, it will constitute to shelf-removal of many others with the same intention. Unfortunately, walking through the cosmetic section of health stores and super markets, thousands of these products are still packed on the shelves. How effective they are? You know the answer.
Skin aging is one of most visible ageing process which occurs constantly in our skin organ. According to the Clinical Centre of Nis, certain plant extracts may have the ability to scavenge free radicals, to protect the skin matrix through the inhibition of enzymatic degradation, or to promote collagen synthesis in the skin, affect skin elasticity and tightness(a). Other suggested that free radicals induced domino effects in production of reactive oxygen species, can react with DNA, proteins, and fatty acids, causing oxidative damage and impairment of antioxidant system, leading injuries damage regulation pathways of skin, including wrinkles, roughness, appearance of fine lines, lack of elasticity, and de- or hyperpigmentation marks(b).
Vitamin A is a general term of Vitamin A Retinol, retinal, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin best known for its functions for vision health and antioxidant scavenger and essential for growth and differentiation of a number of cells and tissues.
1. Retinols
Activation of both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid in nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ), may associate to reduction of skin aging(1). In chronologically aged and photoaged human skin due to alternation of connective tissue collagen, caused by cysteine-rich protein 61(2) (CCN1, a negative regulator of collagen homeostasis). application of all-trans retinoic acid(RA), the major bioactive form of vitamin A in skin, significantly increased type I procollagen and reduced collagenase (matrix metalloproteinases-1, MMP-1)and suppressed recombinant human CCN1(3).
P-Dodecylaminophenol derived from the synthetic retinoid, in the skin of hairless mice study, exhibited the increased cytokeratin 16 expression which is essential inskin healing and maintenance, without causing the desquamation and erythema(4).
2. Carotenoids(beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin) and Retinal
Carotenoids, plant pigments, converted to vitamin A after intake, though to play an important role in prevention and treatment of some diseases through it antioxidant effects.
Nutrition rich in carotenoids is best known to prevent cell damage, premature skin aging, and skin cancer(10). It has been reported to possess potent anti-oxidant properties and widely used in the skin care industry either as topically applied agents or oral supplements in an attempt to prolong youthful skin appearance(11)(12). Free radicals cause of premature skin aging and lead to immunosuppression and the formation of skin diseases, administration of carotenoids may interact with free radicals to enhance the protection system against that destructive(13). Other study suggested that Stress factors such as illness, UV and IR radiation of the sun, and smoking and alcohol consumption reduce the concentration of thecarotenoids in the skin of that lead to deeper and denser of the furrows and wrinkles(14).
The testing of high doses of sun-emitted UV-radiation induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as major pro-oxidants thus inducing premature skin aging, showed a positive effect of Carotenoid-tablets combined with placebo-cream in induced less carotenoid accumulation than carotenoid-tablets alone(15) of that suggested that In contrast to topical application, the systemically applied carotenoids are stored in the body fat tissue and slowly released onto the skin surface with sweat and sebum. Retinaldehyde (RAL) showed a significant improvement of wrinkles(forehead wrinkles, nasolabial folds, crow's feet and perioral wrinkles)(16).In fact, deficiency of vitamin A may result of induced premature aging. In skin of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats, showed over expression of matrix metalloproteinase -2 (MMP-2) and hyaluronidase (HAase) but not on vitamin A treated mice, through promoting the production of collagen in dermis and inducing cell growth and inhibition of epidermal differentiation in skin tissues(17).
Taken altogether, vitamin A and its variants are found to be effective in prevention of skin damage and skin aging caused by over expression of type I procollagen and under expression of collagenase (matrix metalloproteinases-1, MMP-1).
Recommended intakes of vitamin A, according to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (formerly National Academy of Sciences) is 600 µg daily as extremely high doses (>9000 mg) can be toxicity as causes of dry, scaly skin, fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, bone and joint pains, headaches, etc. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying.
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
References
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(b) Phytoconstituents as photoprotective novel cosmetic formulations by Saraf S1, Kaur CD.(PubMed)
(1) 40 years of topical tretinoin use in review by Baldwin HE1, Nighland M, Kendall C, Mays DA, Grossman R, Newburger J.(PubMed)
(2) Elevated cysteine-rich 61 mediates aberrant collagen homeostasis in chronologically aged and photoaged human skin by Quan T1, He T, Shao Y, Lin L, Kang S, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ.(PubMed)
(3) Retinoids suppress cysteine-rich protein 61 (CCN1), a negative regulator of collagen homeostasis, in skin equivalent cultures and aged human skin in vivo by Quan T1, Qin Z, Shao Y, Xu Y, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ(PubMed)
(4) Effects of the aminophenol analogue p-Dodecylaminophenol on mouse skin byTakahashi N1, Fujiu Y(PubMed)
(5) Antiaging action of retinol: from molecular to clinical by Bellemère G1, Stamatas GN, Bruère V, Bertin C, Issachar N, Oddos T.(PubMed)
(6) Synthesis and in vitro biological activity of retinyl retinoate, a novel hybrid retinoid derivative by Kim H1, Kim B, Kim H, Um S, Lee J, Ryoo H, Jung H(PubMed)
(7) Improvement of naturally aged skin with vitamin A (retinol) by Kafi R1, Kwak HS, Schumacher WE, Cho S, Hanft VN, Hamilton TA, King AL, Neal JD, Varani J, Fisher GJ, Voorhees JJ, Kang S.(PubMed)
(8) A stabilized 0.1% retinol facial moisturizer improves the appearance of photodamaged skin in an eight-week, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study by Tucker-Samaras S1, Zedayko T, Cole C, Miller D, Wallo W, Leyden JJ.(PubMed)
(9) N-retinoyl-D-glucosamine, a new retinoic acid agonist, mediates topical retinoid efficacy with no irritation on photoaged skin by Kambayashi H1, Odake Y, Takada K, Funasaka Y, Ichihashi M, Kato S(PubMed)
(10) Influence of dietary carotenoids on radical scavenging capacity of the skinand skin lipids by Meinke MC1, Friedrich A, Tscherch K, Haag SF, Darvin ME, Vollert H, Groth N, Lademann J, Rohn S.(PubMed)
(11) Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging by Schagen SK1, Zampeli VA, Makrantonaki E, Zouboulis CC.(PubMed)
(12) The role of nutraceuticals in anti-aging medicine by Vranesić-Bender D.(PubMed)
(13) Interaction between carotenoids and free radicals in human skin by Lademann J1, Schanzer S, Meinke M, Sterry W, Darvin ME(PubMed)
(14) Carotenoids in human skin by Lademann J1, Meinke MC, Sterry W, Darvin ME(PubMed)
(15) Dermal carotenoid level and kinetics after topical and systemic administration of antioxidants: enrichment strategies in a controlled in vivo study by Darvin ME1, Fluhr JW, Schanzer S, Richter H, Patzelt A, Meinke MC, Zastrow L, Golz K, Doucet O, Sterry W, Lademann J(PubMed)
(16) Retinaldehyde/hyaluronic acid fragments: a synergistic association for the management of skin aging by Cordero A1, Leon-Dorantes G, Pons-Guiraud A, Di Pietro A, Asensi SV, Walkiewicz-Cyraska B, Litvik R, Turlier V, Mery S, Merial-Kieny C(PubMed)
(17) A close relationship between type 1 diabetes and vitamin A-deficiency and matrix metalloproteinase and hyaluronidase activities in skin tissues by Takahashi N1, Takasu S.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
All right reserved. Reproduction and Translation to other languages of this publication are prohibited without consent of the writer.
Who doesn't want to look 5, 10,15 or 20 years younger in comparison to people with the same age group?
The dream of finding the ingredients in rejuvenated aging skin has been ongoing since human civilization. Unfortunately, many ingredients with no commercial values have been discarded due to their effects in dampening the profits of all cosmetic companies.
Don't ask me about commercial anti-aging products. Most of them are produced for making profits and do not perform as theirs' claims. Truly, if one found to be effective, it will constitute to shelf-removal of many others with the same intention. Unfortunately, walking through the cosmetic section of health stores and super markets, thousands of these products are still packed on the shelves. How effective they are? You know the answer.
Skin aging is one of most visible ageing process which occurs constantly in our skin organ. According to the Clinical Centre of Nis, certain plant extracts may have the ability to scavenge free radicals, to protect the skin matrix through the inhibition of enzymatic degradation, or to promote collagen synthesis in the skin, affect skin elasticity and tightness(a). Other suggested that free radicals induced domino effects in production of reactive oxygen species, can react with DNA, proteins, and fatty acids, causing oxidative damage and impairment of antioxidant system, leading injuries damage regulation pathways of skin, including wrinkles, roughness, appearance of fine lines, lack of elasticity, and de- or hyperpigmentation marks(b).
Vitamin A is a general term of Vitamin A Retinol, retinal, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin best known for its functions for vision health and antioxidant scavenger and essential for growth and differentiation of a number of cells and tissues.
1. Retinols
Activation of both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid in nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ), may associate to reduction of skin aging(1). In chronologically aged and photoaged human skin due to alternation of connective tissue collagen, caused by cysteine-rich protein 61(2) (CCN1, a negative regulator of collagen homeostasis). application of all-trans retinoic acid(RA), the major bioactive form of vitamin A in skin, significantly increased type I procollagen and reduced collagenase (matrix metalloproteinases-1, MMP-1)and suppressed recombinant human CCN1(3).
P-Dodecylaminophenol derived from the synthetic retinoid, in the skin of hairless mice study, exhibited the increased cytokeratin 16 expression which is essential inskin healing and maintenance, without causing the desquamation and erythema(4).
In a vivo study in assessing major aging signs and performing three-dimensional profilometry and digital imaging during a 9-month double-blind placebo-control involving 48 volunteers, topical application of a ROL-containing product not only improved all major aging signs including wrinkles under the eyes, fine lines and tone evenness, but also promoted keratinocyte proliferation, induced epidermal thickening and alleviated skin aging signs, without any significant adverse reaction(5).
Retinyl retinoate 1, another synthetic version of retinols, showed inhibitory activity against c-Jun than retinol and superior effects on collagen synthesis compared to retinol, and may have the potential to be conveniently used as an additive in cosmetics for prevention and improvement of skin aging and medicines for the treatment of skin troubles(6).
Some researchers suggested that topical retinol improves fine wrinkles associated with natural aging, through its effects in induction of glycosaminoglycan, increased collagen production are most likely responsible for wrinkle effacement. Retinol-treated aged skin is more likely to withstand skin injury and ulcer formation along with improved appearance(7).
Application of a stabilized 0.1% retinol-containing moisturizer showed the improving lines and wrinkles, pigmentation, elasticity, firmness and overall photodamage(8).
N-retinoyl-D-glucosamine, a retinoic acid agonist in the study in comparison with retinol acid, showed the same effective of both in complete disappearance of the wrinkles caused by UVB irradiation probably via RAR transactivation activity, but the synthetic agonist showed no adverse effect in causing skin irritation(9).
2. Carotenoids(beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin) and Retinal
Carotenoids, plant pigments, converted to vitamin A after intake, though to play an important role in prevention and treatment of some diseases through it antioxidant effects.
Nutrition rich in carotenoids is best known to prevent cell damage, premature skin aging, and skin cancer(10). It has been reported to possess potent anti-oxidant properties and widely used in the skin care industry either as topically applied agents or oral supplements in an attempt to prolong youthful skin appearance(11)(12). Free radicals cause of premature skin aging and lead to immunosuppression and the formation of skin diseases, administration of carotenoids may interact with free radicals to enhance the protection system against that destructive(13). Other study suggested that Stress factors such as illness, UV and IR radiation of the sun, and smoking and alcohol consumption reduce the concentration of thecarotenoids in the skin of that lead to deeper and denser of the furrows and wrinkles(14).
The testing of high doses of sun-emitted UV-radiation induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as major pro-oxidants thus inducing premature skin aging, showed a positive effect of Carotenoid-tablets combined with placebo-cream in induced less carotenoid accumulation than carotenoid-tablets alone(15) of that suggested that In contrast to topical application, the systemically applied carotenoids are stored in the body fat tissue and slowly released onto the skin surface with sweat and sebum. Retinaldehyde (RAL) showed a significant improvement of wrinkles(forehead wrinkles, nasolabial folds, crow's feet and perioral wrinkles)(16).In fact, deficiency of vitamin A may result of induced premature aging. In skin of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats, showed over expression of matrix metalloproteinase -2 (MMP-2) and hyaluronidase (HAase) but not on vitamin A treated mice, through promoting the production of collagen in dermis and inducing cell growth and inhibition of epidermal differentiation in skin tissues(17).
Taken altogether, vitamin A and its variants are found to be effective in prevention of skin damage and skin aging caused by over expression of type I procollagen and under expression of collagenase (matrix metalloproteinases-1, MMP-1).
Recommended intakes of vitamin A, according to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (formerly National Academy of Sciences) is 600 µg daily as extremely high doses (>9000 mg) can be toxicity as causes of dry, scaly skin, fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, bone and joint pains, headaches, etc. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying.
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References
(a) Skin ageing: natural weapons and strategies by Binic I1, Lazarevic V, Ljubenovic M, Mojsa J, Sokolovic D.(PubMed)
(b) Phytoconstituents as photoprotective novel cosmetic formulations by Saraf S1, Kaur CD.(PubMed)
(1) 40 years of topical tretinoin use in review by Baldwin HE1, Nighland M, Kendall C, Mays DA, Grossman R, Newburger J.(PubMed)
(2) Elevated cysteine-rich 61 mediates aberrant collagen homeostasis in chronologically aged and photoaged human skin by Quan T1, He T, Shao Y, Lin L, Kang S, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ.(PubMed)
(3) Retinoids suppress cysteine-rich protein 61 (CCN1), a negative regulator of collagen homeostasis, in skin equivalent cultures and aged human skin in vivo by Quan T1, Qin Z, Shao Y, Xu Y, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ(PubMed)
(4) Effects of the aminophenol analogue p-Dodecylaminophenol on mouse skin byTakahashi N1, Fujiu Y(PubMed)
(5) Antiaging action of retinol: from molecular to clinical by Bellemère G1, Stamatas GN, Bruère V, Bertin C, Issachar N, Oddos T.(PubMed)
(6) Synthesis and in vitro biological activity of retinyl retinoate, a novel hybrid retinoid derivative by Kim H1, Kim B, Kim H, Um S, Lee J, Ryoo H, Jung H(PubMed)
(7) Improvement of naturally aged skin with vitamin A (retinol) by Kafi R1, Kwak HS, Schumacher WE, Cho S, Hanft VN, Hamilton TA, King AL, Neal JD, Varani J, Fisher GJ, Voorhees JJ, Kang S.(PubMed)
(8) A stabilized 0.1% retinol facial moisturizer improves the appearance of photodamaged skin in an eight-week, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study by Tucker-Samaras S1, Zedayko T, Cole C, Miller D, Wallo W, Leyden JJ.(PubMed)
(9) N-retinoyl-D-glucosamine, a new retinoic acid agonist, mediates topical retinoid efficacy with no irritation on photoaged skin by Kambayashi H1, Odake Y, Takada K, Funasaka Y, Ichihashi M, Kato S(PubMed)
(10) Influence of dietary carotenoids on radical scavenging capacity of the skinand skin lipids by Meinke MC1, Friedrich A, Tscherch K, Haag SF, Darvin ME, Vollert H, Groth N, Lademann J, Rohn S.(PubMed)
(11) Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging by Schagen SK1, Zampeli VA, Makrantonaki E, Zouboulis CC.(PubMed)
(12) The role of nutraceuticals in anti-aging medicine by Vranesić-Bender D.(PubMed)
(13) Interaction between carotenoids and free radicals in human skin by Lademann J1, Schanzer S, Meinke M, Sterry W, Darvin ME(PubMed)
(14) Carotenoids in human skin by Lademann J1, Meinke MC, Sterry W, Darvin ME(PubMed)
(15) Dermal carotenoid level and kinetics after topical and systemic administration of antioxidants: enrichment strategies in a controlled in vivo study by Darvin ME1, Fluhr JW, Schanzer S, Richter H, Patzelt A, Meinke MC, Zastrow L, Golz K, Doucet O, Sterry W, Lademann J(PubMed)
(16) Retinaldehyde/hyaluronic acid fragments: a synergistic association for the management of skin aging by Cordero A1, Leon-Dorantes G, Pons-Guiraud A, Di Pietro A, Asensi SV, Walkiewicz-Cyraska B, Litvik R, Turlier V, Mery S, Merial-Kieny C(PubMed)
(17) A close relationship between type 1 diabetes and vitamin A-deficiency and matrix metalloproteinase and hyaluronidase activities in skin tissues by Takahashi N1, Takasu S.(PubMed)
The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: TCM Herbal Medicine for Kidney Yang deficiency - Panax ginseng(Ren Shen)
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovascular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women.
Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasingaltered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).
Management and Treatment according to Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective
While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).
Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into
Kidney yang deficiency
Along with common symptoms mentioned above, women with PCOs diagnosed with kidney yang deficiency may also experience yang vacuity induced cold expressive syndrome, including
lumbago, cold limbs, fatigue, cold aversion, feverish sensation in chest, palms and soles(1573),
difficulty in urination, enuresis, incontinence, declining libido and edema(1574) as a result of kidneys no longer perform their function in store fluid to moister and warm the body for healthy function in the body's organs and tissues, inducing adrenal insufficient chronic lower back pain(1575)(1580), depression(1575), hypothyroidism(1579)(1575), nephritis(1578)(1575), ...(1575), leading to failure in transform damp heat expression, promoted accentuation of inflammatory development of phlegm(1583).
Kidney yang deficiency has shown to alter carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms (free fatty acids, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol, and cholesterol), gut microbiota metabolism (indole-3-propionic acid), indued anovulatory infertility( 1581) and hypertension(1582) of which related to symptoms of PCOs(1576)(1577).
Herbal medicine for kidney yang deficiency
5. Panax ginseng(Ren Shen)(1779)
Ren Shen is also known as Ginseng, panax ginseng. The smells aromatic, tastes sweet and slightly warm herbs had been used in TCM as improved immune system(1781)(1782), anti cancer(1783)(1784)(1785), anti aging(1786)(1787), anti stress(1788)(1789), antioxidant(1790)(1791), anti inflammatory(1792)(1793),...... agent and to generate body liquids and allay thirst(1794), treat
nervous disorders(1794)(1795)(1796), anemia(1797)(1798), dyspnoea(1799)(1800), forgetfulness(1801) and confusion(1802), decreased libido(1803)(1804), chronic fatigue(1805)(1806), angina(1807), nausea and vomiting(1808),......as it strongly tonifies original qi, the spleen and lungs, by enhancing the functions of spleen and lung channels(1780).
Chemical constituents(1779)(1780)
1. Saponins
2. Panaxynol
3. Ginsenyne
4. Alpha pansinsene
5. Beta pansinsene
6. Beta farnesene
7. Bicyclogermacrene
8. Beta elemene
9. Gama elemene
10. Alpha neodovene
11. Beta neodovene
12. Alpha humulene
13. Beta humulene
14. Ccaryophyllene
15. Beta gurjunene
16. Alpha gurjunene
17. Alpha selinene
18. Beta selinene
19. Gama selinene
20. Selin-4, alpha guaiene
21. Gama cubebene
22. Beta patchoulene
23. Hepatadecanol-1
24. Etc.
Epidemiological literature found in data base of PubMed also suggested that panax ginseng also processes anti metabolic syndrome(1809)(1810)(1811), through its effect on insulin resistance(1812)(1813), fasting blood glucose(1814)(1815), hyperglycemia(1816)(1817), hyperlipidemia(1818)(1819)(1820), hypertension(1821)(1822), weight control(1823) and obesity(1823)(1824)(1825),.....as well as reducing risk of diabetes(1827)(1826)(1828) and cardiovascular disease(1829)(1830)(1831).
According to the research article dated 29 April 2014, the king of the herb has also found effectively for treatment of infertility of both sexes, including women with Polycystic ovary syndrome through lowering high numbers of antral follicles and increased the number of corpora lutea in the polycystic ovaries(1832).
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How ToPermanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) byLiqin Zhao
(1779) Chinese Herbs – Ren Shen (Radix Ginseng) by Kyle J. Norton
(1780) ren shen (ginseng)(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1781) Ginseng, the 'Immunity Boost': The Effects of Panax ginseng on Immune System by Kang S1, Min H.(PubMed)
(1782) [Comparative study of main components of ginseng on immune function of rats]. [Article in Chinese] by Jia ZY, Xie X, Wang XY, Jia W.(PubMed)
(1783) Ginsenoside Rp1 from Panax ginseng exhibits anti-cancer activity by down-regulation of the IGF-1R/Akt pathway in breast cancer cells by Kang JH1, Song KH, Woo JK, Park MH, Rhee MH, Choi C, Oh SH.(PubMed)
(1784) In vitro anti-cancer activity and structure-activity relationships of natural products isolated from fruits of Panax ginseng by Wang W1, Zhao Y, Rayburn ER, Hill DL, Wang H, Zhang R.(PubMed)
(1785) Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 25-hydroxyprotopanaxadiol, an anti-cancer compound isolated from Panax ginseng, in athymic mice bearing xenografts of human pancreatic tumors by Hao M1, Wang W, Zhao Y, Zhang R, Wang H.(PubMed)
(1786) Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents cognitive impairment and hippocampus senescence in a rat model of D-galactose-induced aging. Zhu J1, Mu X1, Zeng J2, Xu C1, Liu J1, Zhang M1, Li C1, Chen J3, Li T3, Wang Y1.(PubMed)
(1787) [Research of anti-aging mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on brain]. [Article in Chinese] by Li CP, Zhang MS, Liu J, Geng S, Li J, Zhu JH, Zhang YY, Jia YY, Wang L, Wang SH, Wang YP.(PubMed)
(1788) Anti-stress effects of Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng: a comparative study by Rai D1, Bhatia G, Sen T, Palit G.(PubMed)
(1789) [The anti-stress effect of saponins extracted from panax ginseng fruit and the hypophyseal-adrenal system (author's transl)]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang SC, Jiang XL.(PubMed)
(1790) Antioxidant effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in healthy subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial by Kim HG1, Yoo SR, Park HJ, Lee NH, Shin JW, Sathyanath R, Cho JH, Son CG.(PubMed)
(1791) Panax ginseng reduces oxidative stress and restores antioxidant capacity in aged rats by Ramesh T1, Kim SW, Hwang SY, Sohn SH, Yoo SK, Kim SK.(PubMed)
(1792) Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer G115 modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production in mice throughout the increase of macrophage toll-like receptor 4 expression during physical stress by Pannacci M1, Lucini V, Colleoni F, Martucci C, Grosso S, Sacerdote P, Scaglione F.(PubMed)
(1793) Panax Potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Panax ginseng head butanolic fraction in animals by Lee JH1, Lee JH, Lee YM, Kim PN, Jeong CS.(PubMed)
(1794) Treatment with ginseng total saponins improves the neurorestoration of rat after traumatic brain injury by Hu BY1, Liu XJ2, Qiang R3, Jiang ZL4, Xu LH1, Wang GH1, Li X1, Peng B1.(PubMed)
(1795) [Advance in studies of Panax notoginseng saponins on pharmacological mechanism of nervous system disease]. [Article in Chinese] by Su P, Wang L, Du SJ, Xin WF, Zhang WS.(PubMed)
(1796) Neuroprotective effect of pseudoginsenoside-f11 on a rat model of Parkinson's disease induced by 6-hydroxydopamine by Wang JY1, Yang JY1, Wang F1, Fu SY1, Hou Y1, Jiang B1, Ma J1, Song C1, Wu CF1.(PubMed)
(1797) The haematopoietic effect of Panax japonicus on blood deficiency model mice by Zhang H1, Wang HF2, Liu Y3, Huang LJ3, Wang ZF4, Li Y5.(PubMed)
(1798) [Effect of Panax notoginsenosides on the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells in mice with immune-mediated aplastic anemia]. [Article in Chinese] by Gai Y1, Gao RL, Niu YP.(PubMed)
(1799) Korean ginseng-induced occupational asthma and determination of IgE binding components by Kim KM1, Kwon HS, Jeon SG, Park CH, Sohn SW, Kim DI, Kim SS, Chang YS, Kim YK, Cho SH, Min KU, Kim YY.(PubMed)
(1800) [Acute massive pulmonary embolism in a patient using clavis panax]. [Article in Turkish] by Yüksel IO1, Arslan S, Cağırcı G, Yılmaz A.(PubMed)
(1801) Effect of Memo®, a natural formula combination, on Mini-Mental State Examination scores in patients with mild cognitive impairment by Yakoot M1, Salem A, Helmy S.(PubMed)
(1802) Evaluation of the ergogenic properties of ginseng: an update by Bahrke MS1, Morgan WR.(PubMed)
(1803) [Treatment with carnitine, acetyl carnitine, L-arginine and ginseng improves sperm motility and sexual health in men with asthenopermia]. [Article in Italian] by Morgante G1, Scolaro V, Tosti C, Di Sabatino A, Piomboni P, De Leo V.(PubMed)
(1804) Effects of Korean red ginseng on sexual arousal in menopausal women: placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover clinical study by Oh KJ1, Chae MJ, Lee HS, Hong HD, Park K.(PubMed)
(1805) Antifatigue effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial by Kim HG1, Cho JH, Yoo SR, Lee JS, Han JM, Lee NH, Ahn YC, Son CG.(PubMed)
(1806) High-Dose Asian Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Preliminary Report by Yennurajalingam S1, Reddy A2, Tannir NM3, Chisholm GB4, Lee RT5, Lopez G5, Escalante CP6, Manzullo EF6, Frisbee Hume S2, Williams JL2, Cohen L5, Bruera E2.(PubMed)
(1807) 16 cases of coronary angina pectoris treated with powder composed of radix ginseng, radix notoginseng and succinum by Yuan J1, Guo W, Yang B, Liu P, Wang Q, Yuan H.(PubMed)
(1808) Effects of Korean red ginseng extract on cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting by Kim JH1, Yoon IS, Lee BH, Choi SH, Lee JH, Lee JH, Jeong SM, Kim SC, Park CK, Lee SM, Nah SY.(PubMed)
(1809) Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Cardiovascular Risks in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome: a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Study by Park BJ1, Lee YJ, Lee HR, Jung DH, Na HY, Kim HB, Shim JY.(PubMed)
(1810) Vinegar-processed ginseng radix improves metabolic syndrome induced by a high fat diet in ICR mice by Yun SN1, Ko SK, Lee KH, Chung SH(PubMed)
(1811) Traditional chinese medicine in treatment of metabolic syndrome by Yin J1, Zhang H, Ye J.(PubMed)
(1812) Amelioration of insulin resistance by Rk1 + Rg5 complex under endoplasmic reticulum stress conditions by Ponnuraj SP1, Siraj F1, Kang S1, Noh HY1, Min JW1, Kim YJ1, Yang DC1.(PubMed)
(1813) Improvement of insulin resistance by panax ginseng in fructose-rich chow-fed rats by Liu TP1, Liu IM, Cheng JT.(PubMed)
(1814) The effect of ginseng (the genus panax) on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials by Shishtar E1, Sievenpiper JL2, Djedovic V1, Cozma AI1, Ha V1, Jayalath VH1, Jenkins DJ3, Meija SB1, de Souza RJ4, Jovanovski E1, Vuksan V3.(PubMed)
(1815) Postprandial glucose-lowering effects of fermented red ginseng in subjects with impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial by Oh MR, Park SH, Kim SY, Back HI, Kim MG, Jeon JY, Ha KC, Na WT, Cha YS, Park BH, Park TS1, Chae SW.(PubMed)
(1816) Anti-hyperglycemic effect of fermented ginseng in type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse model by Jeon WJ1, Oh JS, Park MS, Ji GE.(PubMed)
(1817) Anti-hyperglycemic effects of ginseng: comparison between root and berry by Dey L1, Xie JT, Wang A, Wu J, Maleckar SA, Yuan CS.(PubMed)
(1818) Anti-atherogenic action of panax ginseng in rats and in patients with hyperlipidemia by Yamamoto M1, Kumagai A.(PubMed)
(1819) Serum HDL-cholesterol-increasing and fatty liver-improving actions of Panax ginseng in high cholesterol diet-fed rats with clinical effect on hyperlipidemia in man by Yamamoto M, Uemura T, Nakama S, Uemiya M, Kumagai A.(PubMed)
(1820) Orally administered ginseng extract reduces serum total cholesterol and triglycerides that induce fatty liver in 66% hepatectomized rats by Cui X1, Sakaguchi T, Ishizuka D, Tsukada K, Hatakeyama K.(PubMed)
(1821) Effect of panax notoginseng saponins injection on the p38MAPK pathway in lung tissue in a rat model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by Zhao S1, Zheng MX, Chen HE, Wu CY, Wang WT.(PubMed)
(1822) Negligible pharmacokinetic interaction of red ginseng and antihypertensive agent amlodipine in Sprague-Dawley rats by Ryu SH1, Kim JW, Kim YS, Lee SH, Cho YB, Lee HK, Kim YG, Jeong WS, Kim KB.(PubMed)
(1823) Effect of ginsam, a vinegar extract from Panax ginseng, on body weight and glucose homeostasis in an obese insulin-resistant rat model by Lim S1, Yoon JW, Choi SH, Cho BJ, Kim JT, Chang HS, Park HS, Park KS, Lee HK, Kim YB, Jang HC.(PubMed)
(1824) Weight gain reduction in mice fed Panax ginseng saponin, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor by Karu N1, Reifen R, Kerem Z.(PubMed)
(1825) Anti-obesity effects of chikusetsusaponins isolated from Panax japonicus rhizomes by Han LK1, Zheng YN, Yoshikawa M, Okuda H, Kimura Y.(PubMed)
(1826) Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves insulin sensitivity and attenuates the development of diabetes in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats by Lee HJ1, Lee YH, Park SK, Kang ES, Kim HJ, Lee YC, Choi CS, Park SE, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Lee KW, Kim KS, Lim SK, Lee HC.(PubMed)
(1827) Ginseng modifies the diabetic phenotype and genes associated with diabetes in the male ZDF rat by Banz WJ1, Iqbal MJ, Bollaert M, Chickris N, James B, Higginbotham DA, Peterson R, Murphy L.(PubMed)
(1828) Antidiabetic effects of malonyl ginsenosides from Panax ginseng on type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin by Liu Z1, Li W, Li X, Zhang M, Chen L, Zheng YN, Sun GZ, Ruan CC.(PubMed)
(1829) Ginseng extracts restore high-glucose induced vascular dysfunctions by altering triglyceride metabolism and downregulation of atherosclerosis-related genes by Chan GH1, Law BY, Chu JM, Yue KK, Jiang ZH, Lau CW, Huang Y, Chan SW, Ying-Kit Yue P, Wong RN.(PubMed)
(1830) Merit of ginseng in the treatment of heart failure in type 1-like diabetic rats by Tsai CC1, Chan P2, Chen LJ3, Chang CK4, Liu Z5, Lin JW4.(PubMed)
(1831) Ginseng is useful to enhance cardiac contractility in animals by Lin JW1, Cherng YG2, Chen LJ3, Niu HS4, Chang CK1, Niu CS4.(PubMed)
(1832) Herbal Ginseng and Infertility by Kyle J. Norton.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasingaltered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).
Management and Treatment according to Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective
While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).
Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into
Kidney yang deficiency
Along with common symptoms mentioned above, women with PCOs diagnosed with kidney yang deficiency may also experience yang vacuity induced cold expressive syndrome, including
lumbago, cold limbs, fatigue, cold aversion, feverish sensation in chest, palms and soles(1573),
difficulty in urination, enuresis, incontinence, declining libido and edema(1574) as a result of kidneys no longer perform their function in store fluid to moister and warm the body for healthy function in the body's organs and tissues, inducing adrenal insufficient chronic lower back pain(1575)(1580), depression(1575), hypothyroidism(1579)(1575), nephritis(1578)(1575), ...(1575), leading to failure in transform damp heat expression, promoted accentuation of inflammatory development of phlegm(1583).
Kidney yang deficiency has shown to alter carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms (free fatty acids, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol, and cholesterol), gut microbiota metabolism (indole-3-propionic acid), indued anovulatory infertility( 1581) and hypertension(1582) of which related to symptoms of PCOs(1576)(1577).
Herbal medicine for kidney yang deficiency
5. Panax ginseng(Ren Shen)(1779)
Ren Shen is also known as Ginseng, panax ginseng. The smells aromatic, tastes sweet and slightly warm herbs had been used in TCM as improved immune system(1781)(1782), anti cancer(1783)(1784)(1785), anti aging(1786)(1787), anti stress(1788)(1789), antioxidant(1790)(1791), anti inflammatory(1792)(1793),...... agent and to generate body liquids and allay thirst(1794), treat
nervous disorders(1794)(1795)(1796), anemia(1797)(1798), dyspnoea(1799)(1800), forgetfulness(1801) and confusion(1802), decreased libido(1803)(1804), chronic fatigue(1805)(1806), angina(1807), nausea and vomiting(1808),......as it strongly tonifies original qi, the spleen and lungs, by enhancing the functions of spleen and lung channels(1780).
Chemical constituents(1779)(1780)
1. Saponins
2. Panaxynol
3. Ginsenyne
4. Alpha pansinsene
5. Beta pansinsene
6. Beta farnesene
7. Bicyclogermacrene
8. Beta elemene
9. Gama elemene
10. Alpha neodovene
11. Beta neodovene
12. Alpha humulene
13. Beta humulene
14. Ccaryophyllene
15. Beta gurjunene
16. Alpha gurjunene
17. Alpha selinene
18. Beta selinene
19. Gama selinene
20. Selin-4, alpha guaiene
21. Gama cubebene
22. Beta patchoulene
23. Hepatadecanol-1
24. Etc.
Epidemiological literature found in data base of PubMed also suggested that panax ginseng also processes anti metabolic syndrome(1809)(1810)(1811), through its effect on insulin resistance(1812)(1813), fasting blood glucose(1814)(1815), hyperglycemia(1816)(1817), hyperlipidemia(1818)(1819)(1820), hypertension(1821)(1822), weight control(1823) and obesity(1823)(1824)(1825),.....as well as reducing risk of diabetes(1827)(1826)(1828) and cardiovascular disease(1829)(1830)(1831).
According to the research article dated 29 April 2014, the king of the herb has also found effectively for treatment of infertility of both sexes, including women with Polycystic ovary syndrome through lowering high numbers of antral follicles and increased the number of corpora lutea in the polycystic ovaries(1832).
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References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) byLiqin Zhao
(1779) Chinese Herbs – Ren Shen (Radix Ginseng) by Kyle J. Norton
(1780) ren shen (ginseng)(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1781) Ginseng, the 'Immunity Boost': The Effects of Panax ginseng on Immune System by Kang S1, Min H.(PubMed)
(1782) [Comparative study of main components of ginseng on immune function of rats]. [Article in Chinese] by Jia ZY, Xie X, Wang XY, Jia W.(PubMed)
(1783) Ginsenoside Rp1 from Panax ginseng exhibits anti-cancer activity by down-regulation of the IGF-1R/Akt pathway in breast cancer cells by Kang JH1, Song KH, Woo JK, Park MH, Rhee MH, Choi C, Oh SH.(PubMed)
(1784) In vitro anti-cancer activity and structure-activity relationships of natural products isolated from fruits of Panax ginseng by Wang W1, Zhao Y, Rayburn ER, Hill DL, Wang H, Zhang R.(PubMed)
(1785) Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 25-hydroxyprotopanaxadiol, an anti-cancer compound isolated from Panax ginseng, in athymic mice bearing xenografts of human pancreatic tumors by Hao M1, Wang W, Zhao Y, Zhang R, Wang H.(PubMed)
(1786) Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents cognitive impairment and hippocampus senescence in a rat model of D-galactose-induced aging. Zhu J1, Mu X1, Zeng J2, Xu C1, Liu J1, Zhang M1, Li C1, Chen J3, Li T3, Wang Y1.(PubMed)
(1787) [Research of anti-aging mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on brain]. [Article in Chinese] by Li CP, Zhang MS, Liu J, Geng S, Li J, Zhu JH, Zhang YY, Jia YY, Wang L, Wang SH, Wang YP.(PubMed)
(1788) Anti-stress effects of Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng: a comparative study by Rai D1, Bhatia G, Sen T, Palit G.(PubMed)
(1789) [The anti-stress effect of saponins extracted from panax ginseng fruit and the hypophyseal-adrenal system (author's transl)]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang SC, Jiang XL.(PubMed)
(1790) Antioxidant effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in healthy subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial by Kim HG1, Yoo SR, Park HJ, Lee NH, Shin JW, Sathyanath R, Cho JH, Son CG.(PubMed)
(1791) Panax ginseng reduces oxidative stress and restores antioxidant capacity in aged rats by Ramesh T1, Kim SW, Hwang SY, Sohn SH, Yoo SK, Kim SK.(PubMed)
(1792) Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer G115 modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production in mice throughout the increase of macrophage toll-like receptor 4 expression during physical stress by Pannacci M1, Lucini V, Colleoni F, Martucci C, Grosso S, Sacerdote P, Scaglione F.(PubMed)
(1793) Panax Potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Panax ginseng head butanolic fraction in animals by Lee JH1, Lee JH, Lee YM, Kim PN, Jeong CS.(PubMed)
(1794) Treatment with ginseng total saponins improves the neurorestoration of rat after traumatic brain injury by Hu BY1, Liu XJ2, Qiang R3, Jiang ZL4, Xu LH1, Wang GH1, Li X1, Peng B1.(PubMed)
(1795) [Advance in studies of Panax notoginseng saponins on pharmacological mechanism of nervous system disease]. [Article in Chinese] by Su P, Wang L, Du SJ, Xin WF, Zhang WS.(PubMed)
(1796) Neuroprotective effect of pseudoginsenoside-f11 on a rat model of Parkinson's disease induced by 6-hydroxydopamine by Wang JY1, Yang JY1, Wang F1, Fu SY1, Hou Y1, Jiang B1, Ma J1, Song C1, Wu CF1.(PubMed)
(1797) The haematopoietic effect of Panax japonicus on blood deficiency model mice by Zhang H1, Wang HF2, Liu Y3, Huang LJ3, Wang ZF4, Li Y5.(PubMed)
(1798) [Effect of Panax notoginsenosides on the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells in mice with immune-mediated aplastic anemia]. [Article in Chinese] by Gai Y1, Gao RL, Niu YP.(PubMed)
(1799) Korean ginseng-induced occupational asthma and determination of IgE binding components by Kim KM1, Kwon HS, Jeon SG, Park CH, Sohn SW, Kim DI, Kim SS, Chang YS, Kim YK, Cho SH, Min KU, Kim YY.(PubMed)
(1800) [Acute massive pulmonary embolism in a patient using clavis panax]. [Article in Turkish] by Yüksel IO1, Arslan S, Cağırcı G, Yılmaz A.(PubMed)
(1801) Effect of Memo®, a natural formula combination, on Mini-Mental State Examination scores in patients with mild cognitive impairment by Yakoot M1, Salem A, Helmy S.(PubMed)
(1802) Evaluation of the ergogenic properties of ginseng: an update by Bahrke MS1, Morgan WR.(PubMed)
(1803) [Treatment with carnitine, acetyl carnitine, L-arginine and ginseng improves sperm motility and sexual health in men with asthenopermia]. [Article in Italian] by Morgante G1, Scolaro V, Tosti C, Di Sabatino A, Piomboni P, De Leo V.(PubMed)
(1804) Effects of Korean red ginseng on sexual arousal in menopausal women: placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover clinical study by Oh KJ1, Chae MJ, Lee HS, Hong HD, Park K.(PubMed)
(1805) Antifatigue effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial by Kim HG1, Cho JH, Yoo SR, Lee JS, Han JM, Lee NH, Ahn YC, Son CG.(PubMed)
(1806) High-Dose Asian Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Preliminary Report by Yennurajalingam S1, Reddy A2, Tannir NM3, Chisholm GB4, Lee RT5, Lopez G5, Escalante CP6, Manzullo EF6, Frisbee Hume S2, Williams JL2, Cohen L5, Bruera E2.(PubMed)
(1807) 16 cases of coronary angina pectoris treated with powder composed of radix ginseng, radix notoginseng and succinum by Yuan J1, Guo W, Yang B, Liu P, Wang Q, Yuan H.(PubMed)
(1808) Effects of Korean red ginseng extract on cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting by Kim JH1, Yoon IS, Lee BH, Choi SH, Lee JH, Lee JH, Jeong SM, Kim SC, Park CK, Lee SM, Nah SY.(PubMed)
(1809) Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Cardiovascular Risks in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome: a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Study by Park BJ1, Lee YJ, Lee HR, Jung DH, Na HY, Kim HB, Shim JY.(PubMed)
(1810) Vinegar-processed ginseng radix improves metabolic syndrome induced by a high fat diet in ICR mice by Yun SN1, Ko SK, Lee KH, Chung SH(PubMed)
(1811) Traditional chinese medicine in treatment of metabolic syndrome by Yin J1, Zhang H, Ye J.(PubMed)
(1812) Amelioration of insulin resistance by Rk1 + Rg5 complex under endoplasmic reticulum stress conditions by Ponnuraj SP1, Siraj F1, Kang S1, Noh HY1, Min JW1, Kim YJ1, Yang DC1.(PubMed)
(1813) Improvement of insulin resistance by panax ginseng in fructose-rich chow-fed rats by Liu TP1, Liu IM, Cheng JT.(PubMed)
(1814) The effect of ginseng (the genus panax) on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials by Shishtar E1, Sievenpiper JL2, Djedovic V1, Cozma AI1, Ha V1, Jayalath VH1, Jenkins DJ3, Meija SB1, de Souza RJ4, Jovanovski E1, Vuksan V3.(PubMed)
(1815) Postprandial glucose-lowering effects of fermented red ginseng in subjects with impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial by Oh MR, Park SH, Kim SY, Back HI, Kim MG, Jeon JY, Ha KC, Na WT, Cha YS, Park BH, Park TS1, Chae SW.(PubMed)
(1816) Anti-hyperglycemic effect of fermented ginseng in type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse model by Jeon WJ1, Oh JS, Park MS, Ji GE.(PubMed)
(1817) Anti-hyperglycemic effects of ginseng: comparison between root and berry by Dey L1, Xie JT, Wang A, Wu J, Maleckar SA, Yuan CS.(PubMed)
(1818) Anti-atherogenic action of panax ginseng in rats and in patients with hyperlipidemia by Yamamoto M1, Kumagai A.(PubMed)
(1819) Serum HDL-cholesterol-increasing and fatty liver-improving actions of Panax ginseng in high cholesterol diet-fed rats with clinical effect on hyperlipidemia in man by Yamamoto M, Uemura T, Nakama S, Uemiya M, Kumagai A.(PubMed)
(1820) Orally administered ginseng extract reduces serum total cholesterol and triglycerides that induce fatty liver in 66% hepatectomized rats by Cui X1, Sakaguchi T, Ishizuka D, Tsukada K, Hatakeyama K.(PubMed)
(1821) Effect of panax notoginseng saponins injection on the p38MAPK pathway in lung tissue in a rat model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by Zhao S1, Zheng MX, Chen HE, Wu CY, Wang WT.(PubMed)
(1822) Negligible pharmacokinetic interaction of red ginseng and antihypertensive agent amlodipine in Sprague-Dawley rats by Ryu SH1, Kim JW, Kim YS, Lee SH, Cho YB, Lee HK, Kim YG, Jeong WS, Kim KB.(PubMed)
(1823) Effect of ginsam, a vinegar extract from Panax ginseng, on body weight and glucose homeostasis in an obese insulin-resistant rat model by Lim S1, Yoon JW, Choi SH, Cho BJ, Kim JT, Chang HS, Park HS, Park KS, Lee HK, Kim YB, Jang HC.(PubMed)
(1824) Weight gain reduction in mice fed Panax ginseng saponin, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor by Karu N1, Reifen R, Kerem Z.(PubMed)
(1825) Anti-obesity effects of chikusetsusaponins isolated from Panax japonicus rhizomes by Han LK1, Zheng YN, Yoshikawa M, Okuda H, Kimura Y.(PubMed)
(1826) Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves insulin sensitivity and attenuates the development of diabetes in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats by Lee HJ1, Lee YH, Park SK, Kang ES, Kim HJ, Lee YC, Choi CS, Park SE, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Lee KW, Kim KS, Lim SK, Lee HC.(PubMed)
(1827) Ginseng modifies the diabetic phenotype and genes associated with diabetes in the male ZDF rat by Banz WJ1, Iqbal MJ, Bollaert M, Chickris N, James B, Higginbotham DA, Peterson R, Murphy L.(PubMed)
(1828) Antidiabetic effects of malonyl ginsenosides from Panax ginseng on type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin by Liu Z1, Li W, Li X, Zhang M, Chen L, Zheng YN, Sun GZ, Ruan CC.(PubMed)
(1829) Ginseng extracts restore high-glucose induced vascular dysfunctions by altering triglyceride metabolism and downregulation of atherosclerosis-related genes by Chan GH1, Law BY, Chu JM, Yue KK, Jiang ZH, Lau CW, Huang Y, Chan SW, Ying-Kit Yue P, Wong RN.(PubMed)
(1830) Merit of ginseng in the treatment of heart failure in type 1-like diabetic rats by Tsai CC1, Chan P2, Chen LJ3, Chang CK4, Liu Z5, Lin JW4.(PubMed)
(1831) Ginseng is useful to enhance cardiac contractility in animals by Lin JW1, Cherng YG2, Chen LJ3, Niu HS4, Chang CK1, Niu CS4.(PubMed)
(1832) Herbal Ginseng and Infertility by Kyle J. Norton.
General Health: Allergies - Pet Allergy
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Allergy is the over reaction of immune system to harmless substances after entering our body affecting 1 in every 3 people.
Cure Allergies Completely Naturally
Allergy Free For Life All Natural Cure
For Stopping Your Allergies In 5 Days
Causes
Allergy is defined as the type I reactions or Immediate Hypersensitivity as a result of
over production of Immunoglobulin E (IgE), a class of allergic antibody by the immune system against harmless substance that lead to mediated release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils, resulting in allergic reaction, including mucus secretion, sneezing, itching, etc.
Types of Allergy
Pet Allergy
Pet allergy is defined as a condition of over reaction of the immune system when a person if exposed one or more of the five known allergens produced by pets. in fact, most pet allergens are actually proteins in the saliva of animals.
I.1. How to determine the severity of the allergic effects
Depending to the allergy stimulating effect, some researchers suggested to scale the severity from 1 to 4 and followed by degeneration scale, but from -1 to -4
I.1.1. The severity scale from +1 to +4
+1. The first level of stimulation
If there is no symptoms at all or If the patient is alert and function morally after exposing to pet
+2. The second level of stimulation
The patient have become irritable, hyperactive, tense, thirsty, etc. after exposure
+3. The third level of stimulation
The patient have become hypomanic, aggressive, apprehensive, etc.+4. The fourth level of stimulation
The patient have become mania, agitation, over excitement, etc.
I.1.2. Degeneration scale from -1 to -4
-1. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of runny nose, hive, diarrhea, etc.
-2. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of tiredness, fatigue, swelling etc.
-3. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of depression, mental disturbance, confusion, mood change, etc.
-4. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of sever depression, paranoia, etc.
I.2. Symptoms
Symptoms are the result in nasal congestion, due to pet allergens cause of a chain reaction that leads the mast cells in these tissues to release histamine, causing dilation of many small blood vessels in the nose and swelling to nasal pathway of which can affects the daily activity including quality of life, productivity, and other chronic conditions, including asthma.In the study of "Bronchial Allergen Challenge Using the Medicaid Dosimeter" by Schulze J, Rosewich M, Dressler M, Riemer C, Rose MA, Zielen S. (Source from Department of Allergy, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt a.M., Germany. posted in PubMed, researchers suggested that The use of aerosol provocation system to calculate the PD(20)FEV(1) allergen is a time saving procedure and is less prone to errors because only one dilution of the allergen is used. The repeatability in well-defined subjects is excellent to study the mechanisms of allergen-induced airway inflammation and the development of new treatments for allergic diseases.
and
1. Asthma-like symptoms
2. Itching
3. Sneezing
4. Wheezing
5. Sinus pain
6. Tearing eyes
7. Runny nose
8. Itchy eyes and throat
9. Etc.
I.3. Diagnosis
If you are experience Pet Allergy, it is possible to find what types of allergen have trigger that. After recording the family history and a complete physical exam. you doctor may order
1. Skin test
a. Intradermal test
It is one of most common test but time consuming (some patient may return for more 20 time for the injection) in diagnosis of allergy and depending to the symptoms, by injecting small amounts of diluted allergens into the top layers of the skin to see how the immune system react to them.
b. Skin prick testing
Similar to the Intradermal test, but the diagnosis involves in applying a drop of allergen into to punctures made on the skin.
2. Blood test (RadioAllergoSorbent Test)
This is the test for evaluating of the levels of IgE-mediated food allergies react to a particular allergen. If you RAST score is higher than the predictive value, 95% chance you will have an allergic reaction. Unfortunately, non-IgE mediated allergies cannot be detected by this method.
3. Challenge Tests
Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, most doctors will avoid the test unless it is absolutely necessary and the test is performed only in the hospital. In this test, suspected allergen package into capsule taken by patient and signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction are observed.
4. Etc.
I. 3. Prevention
There is no way to prevent them unless you can prevent yourself from exposure to pet. But one can always enhance the immune system by eating healthy and living a healthy lifestyle. For more information of healthy foods, visit 100+ Healthy Foods Classification
I.5. Treatments
I.5.1. Conventional medicineAccording to the study of "Human allergy to environmental pet danders: a public health perspective" by Morris DO. (Source from
Department of Clinical Studies - Philadelphia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. domorris@vet.upenn.edu, © 2010 The Author. Journal compilation © 2010 ESVD and ACVD), posted in PubMed, researcher found that The literature regarding primary and secondary exposures in different ambient environments is explored including threshold effects that influence allergen sensitization and elicitation of symptoms, and environmental intervention strategies that seek to reduce allergen exposure. Pet-specific factors, including the aetiopathogenesis of the several cat and dog allergens that have been characterized to the molecular level, individual animal characteristics that influence Fel d 1 and Can f 1 shedding, and pet-directed interventions intended to reduce allergen dispersal, are discussed.
1. There is no specific treatment for Pet allergy, but depending to the symptoms. Medication includes bronchodilators, anti-allergics, antihistamines, NSAIDs, etc.
2. Allergic shot
Allergy shot, also known as immunotherapy, contains extracts from the most common substance which people are allergic to, including pollen, insects, pets, etc., by providing long-term relief from certain symptoms. In some people, after series of allergic shot, the disease is cured.
3. Etc.
I.5.2. Herbs1. Panax Ginseng
In a study of "Effects of Red Ginseng extract on allergic reactions to food in Balb/c mice." by Sumiyoshi M, Sakanaka M, Kimura Y. (Division of Functional Histology, Department of Functional Biomedicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers suggested that It may also protect against sensitization to antigens as an immunomodulator by increasing intestinal IgA secretion without affecting antigen-specific IgE levels.
2. Garlic
It is best known for treating cold and flu and enhances immune system against alll types of foreign invasion. According to the study of "Immunomodulatory Effects of Aged Garlic Extract"
Eikai Kyo, Naoto Uda, Shigeo Kasuga and Yoichi Itakur, Posted in the "Journal of Nutrition" in March 2001, researchers strongly suggest that AGE (Aged Garlic Extract) could be a promising candidate as an immune modifier, which maintains the homeostasis of immune functions; further studies are warranted to determine when it is most beneficial.
3. Butterbur
Butterbur has been used over thousand of years in herbal medicine in treating symptoms of allergy, including to treat coughs,, asthma, stress, muscle relaxant, etc..According to the article of "Allergy" posted in The University of Michigan health System, the article indicated Two double-blind studies have compared butterbur extract to standard antihistamine drugs in people with hay fever. The first compared it with the drug cetirizine (Zyrtec) and found the drug and butterbur extract relieved symptoms equally well. However, cetirizine caused significantly more adverse effects, including a high rate of drowsiness.The second study compared butterbur extract with fexofenadine (Allegra) and placebo. Butterbur extract was as effective as fexofenadine at relieving symptoms, and both were significantly better than placebo.
4. Ginkgo leaves
Ginkgo leaves contain ginkgolides, which inhibit platelet-activating factor cause of asthma and allergies. according to the study of "Ginkgolides Antagonizing Some Effects of Platelet-activating Factor in Vitro" vy Dong JC, Li M, Shi ZY (Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University) posted in Chiro.org, researchers found that exposure of guinea pigs' bronchus to PAF in vitro resulted in a loss of beta-adrenergic receptors and responses to isoproterenol, and this effect of PAF was prevented by prior incubation of the guinea pigs' bronchus with ginkgolides (P < 0.05). The results showed ginkgolides were a potent PAF antagonist.
5. Etc.
I.5.3. Traditional Chinese MedicineIn a study of "Complementary and alternative medicine in pediatric allergic disorders." by Li XM. (Source from Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., posted in PubMed, researcher indicated that in the last 2-3 years, there have been more controlled studies of TCM for allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Several publications including ours indicate that some TCM herbal formulas are well tolerated and produce some level of efficacy. Some herbal formulas also showed beneficial immunomodualtory effects. Several preclinical studies demonstrated that the food allergy herbal formula-2 was effective in protecting against peanut anaphylaxis in animal models. Two TCM products have entered clinical trials in the United States for treating asthma and food allergy, respectively. Both of these trials include children. In Summary, researcher concluded that Recent studies indicate that TCM therapy including herbal medicines and acupuncture for allergic disorders in children is well tolerated. There are also promising clinical and objective improvements. More controlled clinical studies are encouraged.
1. Xin Yi Hua is a lily-shaped flower with a hairy bud and Xin-yi-san (Magnolia Flower Powder)a. It is a type of traditional Chinese medicine used to treat allergy and dramatically reduces the symptoms of sneezing, anosmia, nasal congestion and profuse rhinorrhea (runny nose) caused by allergies triggered by dust mites, pets and fungi.According to the study of "Traditional Chinese medicine, Xin-yi-san, reduces nasal symptoms of patients with perennial allergic rhinitis by its diverse immunomodulatory effects" bySien-Hung Yang, Chia-Li Yu, Ying-Lin Chen, Sheng-Lin Chiao, Mei-Ling Chen f. Posted in International Immunopharmacology 10 (2010) 951–958, researchers found that this proposal is based on the fact that different combinations of Chinese herbs involve different mechanisms. It appears that the immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects derived from the mixed formula of Chinese herbs are broader than XYS. Nevertheless,we found that XYS alone sufficiently exerts immunomodulatory effects on patients with AR.In conclusion, this study provides evidence to support that XYS, when used singly, is beneficial in nasal allergic inflammation through enhancing IL-10 and IL-8 production.
2. Ingredient
Main use: Expels wind-cold, unblocks nasal passages, congestion, loss of smell, sinus headache.
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Allergy is the over reaction of immune system to harmless substances after entering our body affecting 1 in every 3 people.
Cure Allergies Completely Naturally
Allergy Free For Life All Natural Cure
For Stopping Your Allergies In 5 Days
Causes
Allergy is defined as the type I reactions or Immediate Hypersensitivity as a result of
over production of Immunoglobulin E (IgE), a class of allergic antibody by the immune system against harmless substance that lead to mediated release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils, resulting in allergic reaction, including mucus secretion, sneezing, itching, etc.
Types of Allergy
Pet Allergy
Pet allergy is defined as a condition of over reaction of the immune system when a person if exposed one or more of the five known allergens produced by pets. in fact, most pet allergens are actually proteins in the saliva of animals.
I.1. How to determine the severity of the allergic effects
Depending to the allergy stimulating effect, some researchers suggested to scale the severity from 1 to 4 and followed by degeneration scale, but from -1 to -4
I.1.1. The severity scale from +1 to +4
+1. The first level of stimulation
If there is no symptoms at all or If the patient is alert and function morally after exposing to pet
+2. The second level of stimulation
The patient have become irritable, hyperactive, tense, thirsty, etc. after exposure
+3. The third level of stimulation
The patient have become hypomanic, aggressive, apprehensive, etc.+4. The fourth level of stimulation
The patient have become mania, agitation, over excitement, etc.
I.1.2. Degeneration scale from -1 to -4
-1. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of runny nose, hive, diarrhea, etc.
-2. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of tiredness, fatigue, swelling etc.
-3. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of depression, mental disturbance, confusion, mood change, etc.
-4. If a patient is experience symptoms of reaction of sever depression, paranoia, etc.
I.2. Symptoms
Symptoms are the result in nasal congestion, due to pet allergens cause of a chain reaction that leads the mast cells in these tissues to release histamine, causing dilation of many small blood vessels in the nose and swelling to nasal pathway of which can affects the daily activity including quality of life, productivity, and other chronic conditions, including asthma.In the study of "Bronchial Allergen Challenge Using the Medicaid Dosimeter" by Schulze J, Rosewich M, Dressler M, Riemer C, Rose MA, Zielen S. (Source from Department of Allergy, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt a.M., Germany. posted in PubMed, researchers suggested that The use of aerosol provocation system to calculate the PD(20)FEV(1) allergen is a time saving procedure and is less prone to errors because only one dilution of the allergen is used. The repeatability in well-defined subjects is excellent to study the mechanisms of allergen-induced airway inflammation and the development of new treatments for allergic diseases.
and
1. Asthma-like symptoms
2. Itching
3. Sneezing
4. Wheezing
5. Sinus pain
6. Tearing eyes
7. Runny nose
8. Itchy eyes and throat
9. Etc.
I.3. Diagnosis
If you are experience Pet Allergy, it is possible to find what types of allergen have trigger that. After recording the family history and a complete physical exam. you doctor may order
1. Skin test
a. Intradermal test
It is one of most common test but time consuming (some patient may return for more 20 time for the injection) in diagnosis of allergy and depending to the symptoms, by injecting small amounts of diluted allergens into the top layers of the skin to see how the immune system react to them.
b. Skin prick testing
Similar to the Intradermal test, but the diagnosis involves in applying a drop of allergen into to punctures made on the skin.
2. Blood test (RadioAllergoSorbent Test)
This is the test for evaluating of the levels of IgE-mediated food allergies react to a particular allergen. If you RAST score is higher than the predictive value, 95% chance you will have an allergic reaction. Unfortunately, non-IgE mediated allergies cannot be detected by this method.
3. Challenge Tests
Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, most doctors will avoid the test unless it is absolutely necessary and the test is performed only in the hospital. In this test, suspected allergen package into capsule taken by patient and signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction are observed.
4. Etc.
I. 3. Prevention
There is no way to prevent them unless you can prevent yourself from exposure to pet. But one can always enhance the immune system by eating healthy and living a healthy lifestyle. For more information of healthy foods, visit 100+ Healthy Foods Classification
I.5. Treatments
I.5.1. Conventional medicineAccording to the study of "Human allergy to environmental pet danders: a public health perspective" by Morris DO. (Source from
Department of Clinical Studies - Philadelphia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. domorris@vet.upenn.edu, © 2010 The Author. Journal compilation © 2010 ESVD and ACVD), posted in PubMed, researcher found that The literature regarding primary and secondary exposures in different ambient environments is explored including threshold effects that influence allergen sensitization and elicitation of symptoms, and environmental intervention strategies that seek to reduce allergen exposure. Pet-specific factors, including the aetiopathogenesis of the several cat and dog allergens that have been characterized to the molecular level, individual animal characteristics that influence Fel d 1 and Can f 1 shedding, and pet-directed interventions intended to reduce allergen dispersal, are discussed.
1. There is no specific treatment for Pet allergy, but depending to the symptoms. Medication includes bronchodilators, anti-allergics, antihistamines, NSAIDs, etc.
2. Allergic shot
Allergy shot, also known as immunotherapy, contains extracts from the most common substance which people are allergic to, including pollen, insects, pets, etc., by providing long-term relief from certain symptoms. In some people, after series of allergic shot, the disease is cured.
3. Etc.
I.5.2. Herbs1. Panax Ginseng
In a study of "Effects of Red Ginseng extract on allergic reactions to food in Balb/c mice." by Sumiyoshi M, Sakanaka M, Kimura Y. (Division of Functional Histology, Department of Functional Biomedicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.) posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers suggested that It may also protect against sensitization to antigens as an immunomodulator by increasing intestinal IgA secretion without affecting antigen-specific IgE levels.
2. Garlic
It is best known for treating cold and flu and enhances immune system against alll types of foreign invasion. According to the study of "Immunomodulatory Effects of Aged Garlic Extract"
Eikai Kyo, Naoto Uda, Shigeo Kasuga and Yoichi Itakur, Posted in the "Journal of Nutrition" in March 2001, researchers strongly suggest that AGE (Aged Garlic Extract) could be a promising candidate as an immune modifier, which maintains the homeostasis of immune functions; further studies are warranted to determine when it is most beneficial.
3. Butterbur
Butterbur has been used over thousand of years in herbal medicine in treating symptoms of allergy, including to treat coughs,, asthma, stress, muscle relaxant, etc..According to the article of "Allergy" posted in The University of Michigan health System, the article indicated Two double-blind studies have compared butterbur extract to standard antihistamine drugs in people with hay fever. The first compared it with the drug cetirizine (Zyrtec) and found the drug and butterbur extract relieved symptoms equally well. However, cetirizine caused significantly more adverse effects, including a high rate of drowsiness.The second study compared butterbur extract with fexofenadine (Allegra) and placebo. Butterbur extract was as effective as fexofenadine at relieving symptoms, and both were significantly better than placebo.
4. Ginkgo leaves
Ginkgo leaves contain ginkgolides, which inhibit platelet-activating factor cause of asthma and allergies. according to the study of "Ginkgolides Antagonizing Some Effects of Platelet-activating Factor in Vitro" vy Dong JC, Li M, Shi ZY (Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University) posted in Chiro.org, researchers found that exposure of guinea pigs' bronchus to PAF in vitro resulted in a loss of beta-adrenergic receptors and responses to isoproterenol, and this effect of PAF was prevented by prior incubation of the guinea pigs' bronchus with ginkgolides (P < 0.05). The results showed ginkgolides were a potent PAF antagonist.
5. Etc.
I.5.3. Traditional Chinese MedicineIn a study of "Complementary and alternative medicine in pediatric allergic disorders." by Li XM. (Source from Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., posted in PubMed, researcher indicated that in the last 2-3 years, there have been more controlled studies of TCM for allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Several publications including ours indicate that some TCM herbal formulas are well tolerated and produce some level of efficacy. Some herbal formulas also showed beneficial immunomodualtory effects. Several preclinical studies demonstrated that the food allergy herbal formula-2 was effective in protecting against peanut anaphylaxis in animal models. Two TCM products have entered clinical trials in the United States for treating asthma and food allergy, respectively. Both of these trials include children. In Summary, researcher concluded that Recent studies indicate that TCM therapy including herbal medicines and acupuncture for allergic disorders in children is well tolerated. There are also promising clinical and objective improvements. More controlled clinical studies are encouraged.
1. Xin Yi Hua is a lily-shaped flower with a hairy bud and Xin-yi-san (Magnolia Flower Powder)a. It is a type of traditional Chinese medicine used to treat allergy and dramatically reduces the symptoms of sneezing, anosmia, nasal congestion and profuse rhinorrhea (runny nose) caused by allergies triggered by dust mites, pets and fungi.According to the study of "Traditional Chinese medicine, Xin-yi-san, reduces nasal symptoms of patients with perennial allergic rhinitis by its diverse immunomodulatory effects" bySien-Hung Yang, Chia-Li Yu, Ying-Lin Chen, Sheng-Lin Chiao, Mei-Ling Chen f. Posted in International Immunopharmacology 10 (2010) 951–958, researchers found that this proposal is based on the fact that different combinations of Chinese herbs involve different mechanisms. It appears that the immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects derived from the mixed formula of Chinese herbs are broader than XYS. Nevertheless,we found that XYS alone sufficiently exerts immunomodulatory effects on patients with AR.In conclusion, this study provides evidence to support that XYS, when used singly, is beneficial in nasal allergic inflammation through enhancing IL-10 and IL-8 production.
2. Ingredient
Main use: Expels wind-cold, unblocks nasal passages, congestion, loss of smell, sinus headache.
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Food therapy - Vegetables - Spinach (Spinacia)
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Spinach (Spinacia)
Spinach is an edible flowering plant in the genus Spinacia, belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae and native to central and southwestern Asia. It is considered as a healthy plant containing vary vitamins and minerals.
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat ( Omega 3 Fatty acid)
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A (Beta corotene, lutein and zeaxanthin)
6. Folate (Vitamin B9)
7. Vitamin C
8. Vitamin E
9. Vitamin K
10. Calcium
11. Iron
12. Phosphorus
13. Magnesium
14. Potassium
15. Manganese
16. Selenium
17. Etc.
Health benefits
A. Health benefits according to studies
1. Inflammatory diseases
In the evaluation of preadministration of glycolipid extracts from spinach and itsanti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory found that The glycolipid extracts fromspinach highly contained monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol (MGDG) and diglactosyl-diacylglycerol (DGDG). In Caco-2 cells, MGDG and DGDG inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species induced by phorbol ester, according to the study of "Protective effects of glycoglycerolipids extracted from spinach on 5-fluorouracil induced intestinal mucosal injury" by Shiota A, Hada T, Baba T, Sato M, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Yamamoto H, Taketani Y, Takeda E(a)
2. Anti cancers
In the investigation of major glycoglycerolipids, including monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) found in spinach and its effect on irregular cell growth found that MGDG and SQDG have been shown to inhibit the activities of mammalian DNA polymerases, but DGDG has no such inhibitory effect. The effect of these glycoglycerolipids on cancer cells, angiogenesis and solid tumor growth might be mediated via their inhibition of replicative DNA polymerase activities, according to "Anti-cancer effect of spinach glycoglycerolipids as angiogenesis inhibitors based on the selective inhibition of DNA polymerase activity" by Maeda N, Matsubara K, Yoshida H, Mizushina Y.(b)
3. Antioxidants
In the observation of serum total antioxidant capacity following comsumption of strawberries (240 g), spinach (294 g), red wine (300 ml) or vitamin C (1250 mg) in eight elderly women found that oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay and ferric reducing ability (FRAP) assay. The results showed that the total antioxidant capacity of serum determined as ORAC, TEAC and FRAP, using the area under the curve, increased significantly by 7-25% during the 4-h period following consumption of red wine, strawberries, vitamin C or spinach. showed that the total antioxidant capacity of serum determined as ORAC, TEAC and FRAP, using the area under the curve, increased significantly by 7-25% during the 4-h period following consumption of red wine, strawberries, vitamin C or spinach, according to "Serum antioxidantcapacity is increased by consumption of strawberries, spinach, red wine or vitamin C in elderly women" by Cao G, Russell RM, Lischner N, Prior RL.(c)
4. Bone health
In the investigation of bone mass level associated with lifestyle factors among young Japanese women anf their effect in bone mass found that without daily intake of green and yellow vegetables had almost 5-fold risk of low bone mass, compared to the subjects having daily intake of the vegetables [Odds ratio: 4.96 (95%CI 1.36-18.18)]. In conclusion, daily intake of green and yellow vegetables is effective for maintaining bone mass in young women, according to "Daily intake of green and yellow vegetables is effective for maintaining bone mass in young women" by Fujii H, Noda T, Sairenchi T, Muto T.(d)
5. Etc.
B. Health benefits according to concentration
1. Vitamin K
Vitamin K not only plays an important role in protecting our skin from aging, it is also needed for the proper clotting of blood, thus decreasing the risk of excessive bleeding, in a study of "Delayed vitamin K deficiency as a cause of bleeding: still a concern in the 21st century!" by Kasatkar P, Shetty S, Ghosh K., posted inPubMed, researchers found that Laboratory tests confirmed acquired bleeding diathesis due to vitamin K deficiency, which was corrected after adequate vitamin K supplementation. VKDB is not an uncommon phenomenon and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child with bleeding diathesis.
2. Vitamin A
Vitamin A is not only important in preventing types I diabetes, according to "A close relationship between type 1 diabetes and vitamin A-deficiency and matrix metalloproteinase and hyaluronidase activities in skin tissues" byTakahashi N, Takasu S.(1) but also may be associated with compromised bone health, according to "Vitamins and bone health: beyond calcium and vitamin D" by Ahmadieh H, Arabi A.(2)
Manganese
It is one of important trace in preventing osteoporosis, according to the study of "[Study of estrogen deficiency impact on manganese levels in teeth and mandible of rats after ovariectomy]. [Article in Polish]" by Rahnama M, Błoniarz J, Zareba S, Swiatkowski W.(1)and regulating blood sugar level, according to the study of "[An inadequate intake of manganese may favour insulin resistance in girls]. [Article in Spanish]" by Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Bermejo LM, López-Sobaler AM, Ortega RM.(5)
4. Folate
In the investigation of the prevalence and multifactorial etiology of anemia among Indian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and its effect onanemia, found that Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia and anemia of inflammation, is highly prevalent among children with HIV infection. Micronutrient supplements (iron and, folate) combined with ART(antiretroviral therapy) improved anemia in HIV-infected children, according to "The prevalence and etiology of anemia among HIV-infected children in India" by Shet A, Arumugam K, Rajagopalan N, Dinakar C, Krishnamurthy S, Mehta S, Shet AS.(4)
5. Etc.
C. Other health benefits
1. Phytonutrients
a) Immune system
Phytonutrients help to improve the immune system in fighting against the forming of free radicals that cause infection, inflammation and enhance the replication of DNA and cells division, according to study of "Role of antioxidants, essential fatty acids, carnitine, vitamins, phytochemicals and trace elements in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications" by Triggiani V, Resta F, Guastamacchia E, Sabbà C, Licchelli B, Ghiyasaldin S, Tafaro E., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16611166)
b) Breast cancer
Phytoestrogen in the spinach also helps to occupy the estrogen receptor site, that prevents
the over production of bad estrogen, causing breast cancer, according to the study of "Phytoestrogens and breast cancer: a complex story" by Helferich WG, Andrade JE, Hoagland MS., posted in PubMed(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18815740), researchers found that genistein can act as an oestrogen agonist resulting in proliferation of E-dependent human breast cancer tumours in vivo.
2. Menopause
Spinach contains high amount of plant estrogen that helps to reduce the symptoms of menopause, such as bone density, hot flash, etc., according to the study of "[The role of phytoestrogen therapy in relieving postmenopausal symptoms].[Article in Polish]" by Szkutnik-Fiedler D, Jedrzejczyk M, Grześkowiak E, Bartkowiak-Wieczorek J, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A, Drews K, Mrozikiewicz PM., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21395085)
3. Colon health
Spinach contains high amount of Vitamin A, E and vitamin C that help to enhance the immune system in protecting the proper growth of the colon cell and its DNA damage and mutation from free radicals, according to the abstract of study of "Intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and use of multiple vitamin supplements and risk of colon cancer: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies" by Park Y, Spiegelman D, Hunter DJ, Albanes D, Bergkvist L, Buring JE, Freudenheim JL, Giovannucci E, Goldbohm RA, Harnack L, Kato I, Krogh V, Leitzmann MF, Limburg PJ, Marshall JR, McCullough ML, Miller AB, Rohan TE, Schatzkin A, Shore R, Sieri S, Stampfer MJ, Virtamo J, Weijenberg M, Willett WC, Wolk A, Zhang SM, Smith-Warner SA., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20820901), researchers found that Modest inverse associations with vitamin C and E intakes may be due to high correlations with folate intake, which had a similar inverse association with colon cancer. An inverse association with multivitamin use, a major source of folate and othervitamins, deserves further study.
4. Cataracts and muscular degeneration
Spinach contains a measurable amount of lutein, that helps to protect against eye diseases including age-related cataracts and muscular degeneration, according to the study of "Associations between lutein, zeaxanthin, and age-relatedmacular degeneration: an overview" by Carpentier S, Knaus M, Suh M., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19234943)
5. Iron
Iron helps to enhances the production of red blood cells and formation of hemoglobin, that enhance in adsorption of oxygen from the lung and carry nutrients to all body cells, according to the study of "[Iron deficiency and overload. Implications in oxidative stress and cardiovascular health].[Article in Spanish]" by Toxqui L, De Piero A, Courtois V, Bastida S, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Vaquero MP., posted in PubMed, (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20593115)
Etc.
Side effects
1. Oxalates
Spinach contains a measurable amounts of oxalates that can cause problem for people who have untreated kidney and gallbladder diseases.
2. Purines
Purines is naturally substances found in plants, animals, and humans, it can cause forming of uric acid if over accumulated.
3. Etc.
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847532
(b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21034405
(c) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9868185
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21859436
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21967159
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22072339
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22009132
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Spinach (Spinacia)
Spinach is an edible flowering plant in the genus Spinacia, belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae and native to central and southwestern Asia. It is considered as a healthy plant containing vary vitamins and minerals.
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat ( Omega 3 Fatty acid)
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A (Beta corotene, lutein and zeaxanthin)
6. Folate (Vitamin B9)
7. Vitamin C
8. Vitamin E
9. Vitamin K
10. Calcium
11. Iron
12. Phosphorus
13. Magnesium
14. Potassium
15. Manganese
16. Selenium
17. Etc.
Health benefits
A. Health benefits according to studies
1. Inflammatory diseases
In the evaluation of preadministration of glycolipid extracts from spinach and itsanti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory found that The glycolipid extracts fromspinach highly contained monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol (MGDG) and diglactosyl-diacylglycerol (DGDG). In Caco-2 cells, MGDG and DGDG inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species induced by phorbol ester, according to the study of "Protective effects of glycoglycerolipids extracted from spinach on 5-fluorouracil induced intestinal mucosal injury" by Shiota A, Hada T, Baba T, Sato M, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Yamamoto H, Taketani Y, Takeda E(a)
2. Anti cancers
In the investigation of major glycoglycerolipids, including monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) found in spinach and its effect on irregular cell growth found that MGDG and SQDG have been shown to inhibit the activities of mammalian DNA polymerases, but DGDG has no such inhibitory effect. The effect of these glycoglycerolipids on cancer cells, angiogenesis and solid tumor growth might be mediated via their inhibition of replicative DNA polymerase activities, according to "Anti-cancer effect of spinach glycoglycerolipids as angiogenesis inhibitors based on the selective inhibition of DNA polymerase activity" by Maeda N, Matsubara K, Yoshida H, Mizushina Y.(b)
3. Antioxidants
In the observation of serum total antioxidant capacity following comsumption of strawberries (240 g), spinach (294 g), red wine (300 ml) or vitamin C (1250 mg) in eight elderly women found that oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay and ferric reducing ability (FRAP) assay. The results showed that the total antioxidant capacity of serum determined as ORAC, TEAC and FRAP, using the area under the curve, increased significantly by 7-25% during the 4-h period following consumption of red wine, strawberries, vitamin C or spinach. showed that the total antioxidant capacity of serum determined as ORAC, TEAC and FRAP, using the area under the curve, increased significantly by 7-25% during the 4-h period following consumption of red wine, strawberries, vitamin C or spinach, according to "Serum antioxidantcapacity is increased by consumption of strawberries, spinach, red wine or vitamin C in elderly women" by Cao G, Russell RM, Lischner N, Prior RL.(c)
4. Bone health
In the investigation of bone mass level associated with lifestyle factors among young Japanese women anf their effect in bone mass found that without daily intake of green and yellow vegetables had almost 5-fold risk of low bone mass, compared to the subjects having daily intake of the vegetables [Odds ratio: 4.96 (95%CI 1.36-18.18)]. In conclusion, daily intake of green and yellow vegetables is effective for maintaining bone mass in young women, according to "Daily intake of green and yellow vegetables is effective for maintaining bone mass in young women" by Fujii H, Noda T, Sairenchi T, Muto T.(d)
5. Etc.
B. Health benefits according to concentration
1. Vitamin K
Vitamin K not only plays an important role in protecting our skin from aging, it is also needed for the proper clotting of blood, thus decreasing the risk of excessive bleeding, in a study of "Delayed vitamin K deficiency as a cause of bleeding: still a concern in the 21st century!" by Kasatkar P, Shetty S, Ghosh K., posted inPubMed, researchers found that Laboratory tests confirmed acquired bleeding diathesis due to vitamin K deficiency, which was corrected after adequate vitamin K supplementation. VKDB is not an uncommon phenomenon and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child with bleeding diathesis.
2. Vitamin A
Vitamin A is not only important in preventing types I diabetes, according to "A close relationship between type 1 diabetes and vitamin A-deficiency and matrix metalloproteinase and hyaluronidase activities in skin tissues" byTakahashi N, Takasu S.(1) but also may be associated with compromised bone health, according to "Vitamins and bone health: beyond calcium and vitamin D" by Ahmadieh H, Arabi A.(2)
Manganese
It is one of important trace in preventing osteoporosis, according to the study of "[Study of estrogen deficiency impact on manganese levels in teeth and mandible of rats after ovariectomy]. [Article in Polish]" by Rahnama M, Błoniarz J, Zareba S, Swiatkowski W.(1)and regulating blood sugar level, according to the study of "[An inadequate intake of manganese may favour insulin resistance in girls]. [Article in Spanish]" by Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Bermejo LM, López-Sobaler AM, Ortega RM.(5)
4. Folate
In the investigation of the prevalence and multifactorial etiology of anemia among Indian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and its effect onanemia, found that Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia and anemia of inflammation, is highly prevalent among children with HIV infection. Micronutrient supplements (iron and, folate) combined with ART(antiretroviral therapy) improved anemia in HIV-infected children, according to "The prevalence and etiology of anemia among HIV-infected children in India" by Shet A, Arumugam K, Rajagopalan N, Dinakar C, Krishnamurthy S, Mehta S, Shet AS.(4)
5. Etc.
C. Other health benefits
1. Phytonutrients
a) Immune system
Phytonutrients help to improve the immune system in fighting against the forming of free radicals that cause infection, inflammation and enhance the replication of DNA and cells division, according to study of "Role of antioxidants, essential fatty acids, carnitine, vitamins, phytochemicals and trace elements in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications" by Triggiani V, Resta F, Guastamacchia E, Sabbà C, Licchelli B, Ghiyasaldin S, Tafaro E., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16611166)
b) Breast cancer
Phytoestrogen in the spinach also helps to occupy the estrogen receptor site, that prevents
the over production of bad estrogen, causing breast cancer, according to the study of "Phytoestrogens and breast cancer: a complex story" by Helferich WG, Andrade JE, Hoagland MS., posted in PubMed(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18815740), researchers found that genistein can act as an oestrogen agonist resulting in proliferation of E-dependent human breast cancer tumours in vivo.
2. Menopause
Spinach contains high amount of plant estrogen that helps to reduce the symptoms of menopause, such as bone density, hot flash, etc., according to the study of "[The role of phytoestrogen therapy in relieving postmenopausal symptoms].[Article in Polish]" by Szkutnik-Fiedler D, Jedrzejczyk M, Grześkowiak E, Bartkowiak-Wieczorek J, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A, Drews K, Mrozikiewicz PM., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21395085)
3. Colon health
Spinach contains high amount of Vitamin A, E and vitamin C that help to enhance the immune system in protecting the proper growth of the colon cell and its DNA damage and mutation from free radicals, according to the abstract of study of "Intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and use of multiple vitamin supplements and risk of colon cancer: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies" by Park Y, Spiegelman D, Hunter DJ, Albanes D, Bergkvist L, Buring JE, Freudenheim JL, Giovannucci E, Goldbohm RA, Harnack L, Kato I, Krogh V, Leitzmann MF, Limburg PJ, Marshall JR, McCullough ML, Miller AB, Rohan TE, Schatzkin A, Shore R, Sieri S, Stampfer MJ, Virtamo J, Weijenberg M, Willett WC, Wolk A, Zhang SM, Smith-Warner SA., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20820901), researchers found that Modest inverse associations with vitamin C and E intakes may be due to high correlations with folate intake, which had a similar inverse association with colon cancer. An inverse association with multivitamin use, a major source of folate and othervitamins, deserves further study.
4. Cataracts and muscular degeneration
Spinach contains a measurable amount of lutein, that helps to protect against eye diseases including age-related cataracts and muscular degeneration, according to the study of "Associations between lutein, zeaxanthin, and age-relatedmacular degeneration: an overview" by Carpentier S, Knaus M, Suh M., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19234943)
5. Iron
Iron helps to enhances the production of red blood cells and formation of hemoglobin, that enhance in adsorption of oxygen from the lung and carry nutrients to all body cells, according to the study of "[Iron deficiency and overload. Implications in oxidative stress and cardiovascular health].[Article in Spanish]" by Toxqui L, De Piero A, Courtois V, Bastida S, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Vaquero MP., posted in PubMed, (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20593115)
Etc.
Side effects
1. Oxalates
Spinach contains a measurable amounts of oxalates that can cause problem for people who have untreated kidney and gallbladder diseases.
2. Purines
Purines is naturally substances found in plants, animals, and humans, it can cause forming of uric acid if over accumulated.
3. Etc.
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847532
(b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21034405
(c) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9868185
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21859436
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21967159
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22072339
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22009132
Anti Aging: The Research and Studies of Skin Aging - The Effects of Diet
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
All right reserved. Reproduction and Translation to other languages of this publication are prohibited without consent of the writer.
Who doesn't want to look 5, 10,15 or 20 years younger in comparison to people with the same age group?
The dream of finding the ingredients in rejuvenated aging skin has been ongoing since human civilization. Unfortunately, many ingredients with no commercial values have been discarded due to their effects in dampening the profits of all cosmetic companies.
Don't ask me about commercial anti-aging products. Most of them are produced for making profits and do not perform as theirs' claims. Truly, if one found to be effective, it will constitute to shelf-removal of many others with the same intention. Unfortunately, walking through the cosmetic section of health stores and super markets, thousands of these products are still packed on the shelves. How effective they are? You know the answer.
Skin aging is one of most visible ageing process which occurs constantly in our skin organ. According to the Clinical Centre of Nis, certain plant extracts may have the ability to scavenge free radicals, to protect the skin matrix through the inhibition of enzymatic degradation, or to promote collagen synthesis in the skin, affect skin elasticity and tightness(a). Other suggested that free radicals induced domino effects in production of reactive oxygen species, can react with DNA, proteins, and fatty acids, causing oxidative damage and impairment of antioxidant system, leading injuries damage regulation pathways of skin, including wrinkles, roughness, appearance of fine lines, lack of elasticity, and de- or hyperpigmentation marks(b).
The degradation of the epidermal and dermal layers of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the non-cellular component present within all tissues and organs, such as UV Exposure, decline of lysosomal/endosomal cathepsin K, S and V activity(c) as well as environment factors such as irregular dryness, dark/light pigmentation, sallowness, severe atrophy, telangiectases, premalignant lesions, laxity, leathery appearance and deep wrinkling, etc., cause modification of the surface of skinand the physical properties of that lead to skin aging. Certain foods have been found to be effective in protect the skin against natural aging, including green tea and garlic.
1. Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, belonging to family Amaryllidaceae, native to central Asia. It has been used popularly in traditional and Chinese medicine in treating common cold and flu to the Plague, blood pressure cholesterol levels, natural antibiotic, etc.
In wrinkle formation, caffeic acid and S-allyl cysteine found in garlic significantly inhibited the degradation of type І procollagen and the expressions of MMPs in vivo and attenuated the histological collagen fiber disorder and oxidative stress in vivo, through decreased oxidative stress and inflammation by modulating the activities of NF-κB and AP-1, and exhibited an indirect anti-oxidant effect by suppressing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions levels and down-regulated transcriptional factors(1). Its garlic's antioxidant properties may either prevent or delay chronic diseases associated with aging(2). According to Aarhus University, garlic not only protected skin cell from undergo aging process but also inhibited the abnormal growth of skin cells, through its on long-term growth characteristics, morphology and macromolecular synthesis of human fibroblasts(3).
2. Ginger
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil. It has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.
In formation of wrinkles induced by UV exposure in rat or hairless mouse skin,extract of Zingiber officinale, significantly inhibited the fibroblast-derived elastase at a suberythemal dose, in prevention of the decrease in skin elasticity in both types of animal skin(4).
3. Black bean
Small roughly ovoid legumes with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, belongs to the family Fabaceae and can bought in most grocery stores all around the year in dried and canned forms. It is believed that black bean was first domesticated growth in South America.
According to Jiangnan University, chemical constituents in black bean sprouts may potentiate as additives in anti-aging and whitening skin cosmetic products due to its antioxidant properties(5).
On UVB-induced apoptotic skin cell death, anthocyanins a major chemical compound found in black bean, not only reduced UVB-induced reactive oxygen species levels but also inhibited UVB-induced apoptotic cell death through the prevention of caspase-3 pathway activation and reduction of proapoptotic Bax protein levels(6). Other study also found the effectiveness of anthocyanins in modulation of oxidative disorders including UVB-induced inflammation(7).
4. Avocado
Avocados are a commercially valuable fruit and are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world, it is a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting and native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America and Central America, belonging to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.
Daily intake of one-half a Hass avocado (68 g), may support cardiovascular health, weight management and healthy aging(8). Study on the of ingestion of an unsaponifiable avocado and soya extract (P.I.A.S.) indicated a very probable presence of phytosterols and a richer proportion of cholesterol, precursors particularly methostenol in the skin of rats fed(9).
5. Passion fruit
Passionflower is also known as passion vines,, in the genus Passiflora ,belonging to the family Passifloraceae, native to southeastern parts of the America. The herb has been used in traditional medicine in treating nervous tension including anxiety, insomnia, seizures, sleep problems and hysteria.
Passion fruit seed extract, piceatannol, and scirpusin B effected the keratinocyte by upregulated the glutathione (GSH) levels in keratinocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and suppressed the UVB-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhanced matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 activity(10). A flavone chrysin from Passiflora caerulea Linn. and a benzoflavone moiety (BZF) recently isolated from Passiflora incarnata Linn in rat skin study, showed a great potential for clinical and therapeutic applications against the physiological and biochemical effects of aging(11).
6. Mango
Mango tree is a flower plant of genus of Mangifera, belonging to the family Anacardiaceae, native to the subtropical and tropical southeast Asia. The
Beside exerting its antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, mango extract also showed to inhibit wrinkle formation and damage to collagen fiber against UVB-induced skin aging in hairless mice(12). Polyamine, a major chemical constituent of mango and other plants may be potential target for reduced aging skin as the level of spermidine was maximal in 10-week-old mice and markedly reduced in 26-week-old mice(13).
7. Apple
Apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, a species of the rose family Rosaceae. It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits. The tree is originated in Central Asia.
Apple whole fruit and its chemical compound showed to protect cells from agingthrough influence of aging and oxidative stress(14). The study from Taipei Medical University, in the study of its chemical compounds suggested the use of extract of M. doumeri var. formosana (containing phenolic compounds) in anti-aging or cosmetic products(15) through exhibition of anti-oxidant and tyrosinase reducing activities(16).
9. Sea buckthorn fruit
Sea buckthorn is a shrub in the genus Hippophae, belonging to the family Elaeagnaceae, native to in
the wide regions of the Atlantic coasts of Europe right across to northwestern Mongolia and also
northwestern China.
A sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit blend (SFB) containing sea buckthorn fruit extract,
exhibited a protective and therapeutic drug candidate against skin aging by regulating the moisture
content, MMP expression levels and SOD activity in UV radiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice,
according to the study by the Pusan National University(17).
10. Grape
Grape is a woody vines of the genus Vitis, belong to the family Vitaceae, native to southern Turkey.
Trans-resveratrol, a polyphenol extracted from grape, showed a remarkable improvement in decreased aging signs(18). In facial skin morphology and functionality, combination of grape seed extract and soy phospholipids showed to have the potential in induced signal transduction pathways in facial hypodermis, resulting in anti-aging effects throughout all skin compartments, including dermal and epidermal layers(19). Clinically and biometrically, composition of lycopene, acerola extract, grape seed extract and Biomarine ComplexT showed to increase parameters of cutaneous hydration, reduction of pH, ultrasound density and a histological increment of collagen and elastic fibers (both on the face and arm), through a reduction of seborrhea (only on the face)(20).
11. Pomegranate
Pomegranates is a fruit-bearing small tree, genus Punica, belonging to family Lythraceae, native to Iran but has been cultivated in Asian since ancient time.
Pomegranate are among many plants ma be beneficial in protect against human skin aging(21), In the
Study at the Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Punica granatum (pomegranate) extract showed a positive effect in protecting skin against UVB-induced damage in cultured human skin fibroblasts, through increased expression of procollagen type I and decreased expression of MMP-1(22). In an immortal human keratinocyte line (Hala cell line), pomegranate polyphenol extract POMx protected HaCaT cells against UVB-induced oxidative stress and markers of photoaging(23). Ellagic acid, a polyphenol compound presented in berries andpomegranate, prevented collagen destruction and inflammatory responses caused by UV-B, according to the Hallym University(24).
12. Almond skin
Almond consists of an outer hull and a hard shell with the seed (nut) inside is native to the Middle East. It is most widely cultivated seed in the world for it economic and health benefit.
The study of α-Tocopherol (AT) and polyphenols (AP) in almonds ahainst UV exposure causes of oxidative stress, inflammation, erythema, and skin cancer, showed the positive effect of AT and AP, applied to medium or topically, in photoprotection against UVA(25)(26).
13. Cacao bean and cola nut
Caocao a small tropical American evergreen tree, of the genus Theobroma, belonging to the family Malvaceae. Its seed has been used for making chocolate and cocoa mass, cocoa powder.
Cola tree is a genus Cola, belonging the family Malvaceae, native to the tropical rainforests of Africa.
Topical application of plant extracts and their xanthine derivatives showed to suppressed wrinkle formation, dermal connective alteration, and collagen accumulation(27). The 1Natura Innovation and Product Technology Ltda, Cajamar study indicated the antioxidant effects of cacao in protection against oxidative causes of skin cell damage(28).
14. Olive oils
Olive is belongs to the the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean Basin and south end of the Caspian Sea. Its fruit, is also called the olive and the source of olive oil.
Unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) found abundantly in olive oil may be effective in alleviation of skin problems such as dryness and those related to the agingprocess. The Università degli Studi di Torino study showed the use of combination of hemp seed and olive oils may inhibit the problem through spraying in some gel-emulsions(29). According to the Procter & Gamble Company, olive-derived fatty acid ethoxylates, not only showed to restore antioxidant enzymes in skinkeratinocytes and fibroblasts, but also reduced melanin production by an adrenergic receptor mechanism in melanocytes(30).
15. Date palm kernel extract
Date palm tree is a genus of Phoenix, belonging to the familyArecaceae, native from lands around Iraq. According to Vincience Research Center Date palm kernel
extract, in the study of 10 Ten healthy women volunteers, between the ages of 46 and 58 years, applied
the cream formula with 5% date palm kernel or placebo on the eye area twice a day for 5 weeks,
application of date palm kernel reduced the total surface of wrinkles by 27.6% (p = 0.038), the depth of
wrinkles by 3.52% (p = 0.0231). These results are statistically significant and were clinically confirmed
where visual improvement was seen in 60% of the volunteers treated(31).
16. Lemon oil
Lemon is a species of Citrus Aurantifolia, belongs to the family Rutaceae. It has around shape are with green to yellow in color and 3–6 cm in diameter and native to Southeast Asia.
According to University of Catania, Italy, a natural compound isolated from lemon oil (Lem1) not only showed to significantly increase the antioxidative potential ofskin biosurface in healthy volunteers but lexhibited a strong antioxidant effects in inhibition of free radical-mediated reactions, as evaluated in vitro and in vivo(32) and may provide a better understanding of the endogenous antioxidant potential ofskin and the real validity of a natural antioxidant biotechnology in the antiaging management of the skin(33).
Taken altogether, the list of foods have been found effectively in protection of photoagingnd alleviation of skin symptoms due to aging, as well as through influence of the expression of procollagen type I and MMP-1. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying.
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
References
(1) Anti-wrinkle and anti-inflammatory effects of active garlic components and the inhibition of MMPs via NF-κB signaling by Kim SR1, Jung YR, An HJ, Kim DH, Jang EJ, Choi YJ, Moon KM, Park MH, Park CH, Chung KW, Bae HR, Choi YW, Kim ND, Chung HY(PubMed)
(2) Garlic and aging: new insights into an old remedy by Rahman K(PubMed)
(3) Testing garlic for possible anti-ageing effects on long-term growth characteristics, morphology and macromolecular synthesis of human fibroblasts in culture by Svendsen L1, Rattan SI, Clark BF.(PubMed)
(4) Inhibition of ultraviolet-B-induced wrinkle formation by an elastase-inhibiting herbal extract: implication for the mechanism underlying elastase-associated wrinkles by Tsukahara K1, Nakagawa H, Moriwaki S, Takema Y, Fujimura T, Imokawa G(PubMed)
(5) Study of active ingredients in black soybean sprouts and their safety in cosmetic use by Lai J1, Xin C, Zhao Y, Feng B, He C, Dong Y, Fang Y, Wei S.(PubMed)
(6) Protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats on UVB-induced apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo by Tsoyi K1, Park HB, Kim YM, Chung JI, Shin SC, Shim HJ, Lee WS, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ.(PubMed)
(7) Anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats inhibit UVB-induced inflammatory cylooxygenase-2 gene expression and PGE2 production through regulation of the nuclear factor-kappaB and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway by Tsoyi K1, Park HB, Kim YM, Chung JI, Shin SC, Lee WS, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ.(PubMed)
(8) Hass avocado composition and potential health effects by Dreher ML1, Davenport AJ.(PubMed)
(9) [Influence of the daily ingestion of a total unsaponifiable extract from avocadoand soy bean oils on cholesterol metabolism in the rat].[Article in French] by Chevallier F, Lutton C, Sulpice JC, D'Hollander F.(PubMed)
(10) The protective effects of piceatannol from passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) seeds in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes by Maruki-Uchida H1, Kurita I, Sugiyama K, Sai M, Maeda K, Ito T.(PubMed)
(11) Beneficial effects of chrysin and benzoflavone on virility in 2-year-old male rats by Dhawan K1, Kumar S, Sharma A.(PubMed)
(12) Protective effect of mango (Mangifera indica L.) against UVB-induced skin aging in hairless mice by Song JH1, Bae EY, Choi G, Hyun JW, Lee MY, Lee HW, Chae S.(PubMed)
(13) Decrease in polyamines with aging and their ingestion from food and drink by Nishimura K1, Shiina R, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.(PubMed)
(14) Apple can act as anti-aging on yeast cells by Palermo V1, Mattivi F, Silvestri R, La Regina G, Falcone C, Mazzoni C.(PubMed)
(15) Phenolic constituents of Malus doumeri var. formosana in the field of skincare. by Leu SJ1, Lin YP, Lin RD, Wen CL, Cheng KT, Hsu FL, Lee MH(PubMed)
(16) Constituents from the Formosan apple reduce tyrosinase activity in human epidermal melanocytes by Lin YP1, Hsu FL, Chen CS, Chern JW, Lee MH(PubMed)
(17) UV radiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice is effectively prevented by oral intake of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit blend for 6 weeks through MMP suppression and increase of SOD activity by Hwang IS1, Kim JE, Choi SI, Lee HR, Lee YJ, Jang MJ, Son HJ, Lee HS, Oh CH, Kim BH, Lee SH, Hwang DY.(PubMed)
(18) Enhanced antioxidant effect of trans-resveratrol: potential of binary systems with polyethylene glycol and cyclodextrin by Moyano-Mendez JR1, Fabbrocini G, De Stefano D, Mazzella C, Mayol L, Scognamiglio I, Carnuccio R, Ayala F, La Rotonda MI, De Rosa G(PubMed)
(19) Hypodermal delivery of cosmetic actives for improved facial skin morphology and functionality by Bojanowski K.(PubMed)
(20) Clinical, biometric and ultrasound assessment of the effects of daily use of a nutraceutical composed of lycopene, acerola extract, grape seed extract and Biomarine Complex in photoaged human skin by Costa A1, Lindmark L, Arruda LH, Assumpção EC, Ota FS, Pereira Mde O, Langen SS(PubMed)
(21) Innovations in natural ingredients and their use in skin care by Fowler JF Jr1, Woolery-Lloyd H, Waldorf H, Saini R(PubMed)
(22) Extract of Punica granatum inhibits skin photoaging induced by UVB irradiation by Park HM1, Moon E, Kim AJ, Kim MH, Lee S, Lee JB, Park YK, Jung HS, Kim YB, Kim SY(PubMed)
(23) Inhibition of UVB-mediated oxidative stress and markers of photoaging in immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes by pomegranate polyphenol extract POMx by Zaid MA1, Afaq F, Syed DN, Dreher M, Mukhtar H.(PubMed)
(24) Dietary compound ellagic acid alleviates skin wrinkle and inflammation induced by UV-B irradiation by Bae JY1, Choi JS, Kang SW, Lee YJ, Park J, Kang YH(PubMed)
(25) A pilot study of the photoprotective effect of almond phytochemicals in a 3D human skin equivalent by Evans-Johnson JA1, Garlick JA, Johnson EJ, Wang XD, Oliver Chen CY.(PubMed)
(26) Effect of pre-treatment of almond oil on ultraviolet B-induced cutaneous photoaging in mice by Sultana Y1, Kohli K, Athar M, Khar RK, Aqil M.(PubMed)
(27) Topical application of plant extracts containing xanthine derivatives can prevent UV-induced wrinkle formation in hairless mice by Mitani H1, Ryu A, Suzuki T, Yamashita M, Arakane K, Koide(PubMed)
(28) A new potent natural antioxidant mixture provides global protection against oxidative skin cell damage by Jorge AT1, Arroteia KF, Lago JC, de Sá-Rocha VM, Gesztesi J, Moreira PL(PubMed)
(29) Hemp-seed and olive oils: their stability against oxidation and use in O/W emulsions.
Sapino S1, Carlotti ME, Peira E, Gallarate M(PubMed)
(30) Application of genomics to breakthroughs in the cosmetic treatment of skinageing and discoloration by Osborne R1, Hakozaki T, Laughlin T, Finlay DR.(PubMed)
(31) Date palm kernel extract exhibits antiaging properties and significantly reduces skin wrinkles by Bauza E1, Dal Farra C, Berghi A, Oberto G, Peyronel D, Domloge N(PubMed)
(32) Oxidative stress and antioxidants at skin biosurface: a novel antioxidant fromlemon oil capable of inhibiting oxidative damage to the skin by Calabrese V1, Scapagnini G, Randazzo SD, Randazzo G, Catalano C, Geraci G, Morganti P(PubMed)
(33) Biochemical studies on a novel antioxidant from lemon oil and its biotechnological application in cosmetic dermatology by Calabrese V1, Randazzo SD, Catalano C, Rizza V.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
All right reserved. Reproduction and Translation to other languages of this publication are prohibited without consent of the writer.
Who doesn't want to look 5, 10,15 or 20 years younger in comparison to people with the same age group?
The dream of finding the ingredients in rejuvenated aging skin has been ongoing since human civilization. Unfortunately, many ingredients with no commercial values have been discarded due to their effects in dampening the profits of all cosmetic companies.
Don't ask me about commercial anti-aging products. Most of them are produced for making profits and do not perform as theirs' claims. Truly, if one found to be effective, it will constitute to shelf-removal of many others with the same intention. Unfortunately, walking through the cosmetic section of health stores and super markets, thousands of these products are still packed on the shelves. How effective they are? You know the answer.
Skin aging is one of most visible ageing process which occurs constantly in our skin organ. According to the Clinical Centre of Nis, certain plant extracts may have the ability to scavenge free radicals, to protect the skin matrix through the inhibition of enzymatic degradation, or to promote collagen synthesis in the skin, affect skin elasticity and tightness(a). Other suggested that free radicals induced domino effects in production of reactive oxygen species, can react with DNA, proteins, and fatty acids, causing oxidative damage and impairment of antioxidant system, leading injuries damage regulation pathways of skin, including wrinkles, roughness, appearance of fine lines, lack of elasticity, and de- or hyperpigmentation marks(b).
The degradation of the epidermal and dermal layers of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the non-cellular component present within all tissues and organs, such as UV Exposure, decline of lysosomal/endosomal cathepsin K, S and V activity(c) as well as environment factors such as irregular dryness, dark/light pigmentation, sallowness, severe atrophy, telangiectases, premalignant lesions, laxity, leathery appearance and deep wrinkling, etc., cause modification of the surface of skinand the physical properties of that lead to skin aging. Certain foods have been found to be effective in protect the skin against natural aging, including green tea and garlic.
1. Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, belonging to family Amaryllidaceae, native to central Asia. It has been used popularly in traditional and Chinese medicine in treating common cold and flu to the Plague, blood pressure cholesterol levels, natural antibiotic, etc.
In wrinkle formation, caffeic acid and S-allyl cysteine found in garlic significantly inhibited the degradation of type І procollagen and the expressions of MMPs in vivo and attenuated the histological collagen fiber disorder and oxidative stress in vivo, through decreased oxidative stress and inflammation by modulating the activities of NF-κB and AP-1, and exhibited an indirect anti-oxidant effect by suppressing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions levels and down-regulated transcriptional factors(1). Its garlic's antioxidant properties may either prevent or delay chronic diseases associated with aging(2). According to Aarhus University, garlic not only protected skin cell from undergo aging process but also inhibited the abnormal growth of skin cells, through its on long-term growth characteristics, morphology and macromolecular synthesis of human fibroblasts(3).
2. Ginger
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil. It has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.
In formation of wrinkles induced by UV exposure in rat or hairless mouse skin,extract of Zingiber officinale, significantly inhibited the fibroblast-derived elastase at a suberythemal dose, in prevention of the decrease in skin elasticity in both types of animal skin(4).
3. Black bean
Small roughly ovoid legumes with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, belongs to the family Fabaceae and can bought in most grocery stores all around the year in dried and canned forms. It is believed that black bean was first domesticated growth in South America.
According to Jiangnan University, chemical constituents in black bean sprouts may potentiate as additives in anti-aging and whitening skin cosmetic products due to its antioxidant properties(5).
On UVB-induced apoptotic skin cell death, anthocyanins a major chemical compound found in black bean, not only reduced UVB-induced reactive oxygen species levels but also inhibited UVB-induced apoptotic cell death through the prevention of caspase-3 pathway activation and reduction of proapoptotic Bax protein levels(6). Other study also found the effectiveness of anthocyanins in modulation of oxidative disorders including UVB-induced inflammation(7).
4. Avocado
Avocados are a commercially valuable fruit and are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world, it is a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting and native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America and Central America, belonging to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.
Daily intake of one-half a Hass avocado (68 g), may support cardiovascular health, weight management and healthy aging(8). Study on the of ingestion of an unsaponifiable avocado and soya extract (P.I.A.S.) indicated a very probable presence of phytosterols and a richer proportion of cholesterol, precursors particularly methostenol in the skin of rats fed(9).
5. Passion fruit
Passionflower is also known as passion vines,, in the genus Passiflora ,belonging to the family Passifloraceae, native to southeastern parts of the America. The herb has been used in traditional medicine in treating nervous tension including anxiety, insomnia, seizures, sleep problems and hysteria.
Passion fruit seed extract, piceatannol, and scirpusin B effected the keratinocyte by upregulated the glutathione (GSH) levels in keratinocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and suppressed the UVB-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhanced matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 activity(10). A flavone chrysin from Passiflora caerulea Linn. and a benzoflavone moiety (BZF) recently isolated from Passiflora incarnata Linn in rat skin study, showed a great potential for clinical and therapeutic applications against the physiological and biochemical effects of aging(11).
6. Mango
Mango tree is a flower plant of genus of Mangifera, belonging to the family Anacardiaceae, native to the subtropical and tropical southeast Asia. The
Beside exerting its antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, mango extract also showed to inhibit wrinkle formation and damage to collagen fiber against UVB-induced skin aging in hairless mice(12). Polyamine, a major chemical constituent of mango and other plants may be potential target for reduced aging skin as the level of spermidine was maximal in 10-week-old mice and markedly reduced in 26-week-old mice(13).
7. Apple
Apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, a species of the rose family Rosaceae. It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits. The tree is originated in Central Asia.
Apple whole fruit and its chemical compound showed to protect cells from agingthrough influence of aging and oxidative stress(14). The study from Taipei Medical University, in the study of its chemical compounds suggested the use of extract of M. doumeri var. formosana (containing phenolic compounds) in anti-aging or cosmetic products(15) through exhibition of anti-oxidant and tyrosinase reducing activities(16).
9. Sea buckthorn fruit
Sea buckthorn is a shrub in the genus Hippophae, belonging to the family Elaeagnaceae, native to in
the wide regions of the Atlantic coasts of Europe right across to northwestern Mongolia and also
northwestern China.
A sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit blend (SFB) containing sea buckthorn fruit extract,
exhibited a protective and therapeutic drug candidate against skin aging by regulating the moisture
content, MMP expression levels and SOD activity in UV radiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice,
according to the study by the Pusan National University(17).
10. Grape
Grape is a woody vines of the genus Vitis, belong to the family Vitaceae, native to southern Turkey.
Trans-resveratrol, a polyphenol extracted from grape, showed a remarkable improvement in decreased aging signs(18). In facial skin morphology and functionality, combination of grape seed extract and soy phospholipids showed to have the potential in induced signal transduction pathways in facial hypodermis, resulting in anti-aging effects throughout all skin compartments, including dermal and epidermal layers(19). Clinically and biometrically, composition of lycopene, acerola extract, grape seed extract and Biomarine ComplexT showed to increase parameters of cutaneous hydration, reduction of pH, ultrasound density and a histological increment of collagen and elastic fibers (both on the face and arm), through a reduction of seborrhea (only on the face)(20).
11. Pomegranate
Pomegranates is a fruit-bearing small tree, genus Punica, belonging to family Lythraceae, native to Iran but has been cultivated in Asian since ancient time.
Pomegranate are among many plants ma be beneficial in protect against human skin aging(21), In the
Study at the Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Punica granatum (pomegranate) extract showed a positive effect in protecting skin against UVB-induced damage in cultured human skin fibroblasts, through increased expression of procollagen type I and decreased expression of MMP-1(22). In an immortal human keratinocyte line (Hala cell line), pomegranate polyphenol extract POMx protected HaCaT cells against UVB-induced oxidative stress and markers of photoaging(23). Ellagic acid, a polyphenol compound presented in berries andpomegranate, prevented collagen destruction and inflammatory responses caused by UV-B, according to the Hallym University(24).
12. Almond skin
Almond consists of an outer hull and a hard shell with the seed (nut) inside is native to the Middle East. It is most widely cultivated seed in the world for it economic and health benefit.
The study of α-Tocopherol (AT) and polyphenols (AP) in almonds ahainst UV exposure causes of oxidative stress, inflammation, erythema, and skin cancer, showed the positive effect of AT and AP, applied to medium or topically, in photoprotection against UVA(25)(26).
13. Cacao bean and cola nut
Caocao a small tropical American evergreen tree, of the genus Theobroma, belonging to the family Malvaceae. Its seed has been used for making chocolate and cocoa mass, cocoa powder.
Cola tree is a genus Cola, belonging the family Malvaceae, native to the tropical rainforests of Africa.
Topical application of plant extracts and their xanthine derivatives showed to suppressed wrinkle formation, dermal connective alteration, and collagen accumulation(27). The 1Natura Innovation and Product Technology Ltda, Cajamar study indicated the antioxidant effects of cacao in protection against oxidative causes of skin cell damage(28).
14. Olive oils
Olive is belongs to the the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean Basin and south end of the Caspian Sea. Its fruit, is also called the olive and the source of olive oil.
Unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) found abundantly in olive oil may be effective in alleviation of skin problems such as dryness and those related to the agingprocess. The Università degli Studi di Torino study showed the use of combination of hemp seed and olive oils may inhibit the problem through spraying in some gel-emulsions(29). According to the Procter & Gamble Company, olive-derived fatty acid ethoxylates, not only showed to restore antioxidant enzymes in skinkeratinocytes and fibroblasts, but also reduced melanin production by an adrenergic receptor mechanism in melanocytes(30).
15. Date palm kernel extract
Date palm tree is a genus of Phoenix, belonging to the familyArecaceae, native from lands around Iraq. According to Vincience Research Center Date palm kernel
extract, in the study of 10 Ten healthy women volunteers, between the ages of 46 and 58 years, applied
the cream formula with 5% date palm kernel or placebo on the eye area twice a day for 5 weeks,
application of date palm kernel reduced the total surface of wrinkles by 27.6% (p = 0.038), the depth of
wrinkles by 3.52% (p = 0.0231). These results are statistically significant and were clinically confirmed
where visual improvement was seen in 60% of the volunteers treated(31).
16. Lemon oil
Lemon is a species of Citrus Aurantifolia, belongs to the family Rutaceae. It has around shape are with green to yellow in color and 3–6 cm in diameter and native to Southeast Asia.
According to University of Catania, Italy, a natural compound isolated from lemon oil (Lem1) not only showed to significantly increase the antioxidative potential ofskin biosurface in healthy volunteers but lexhibited a strong antioxidant effects in inhibition of free radical-mediated reactions, as evaluated in vitro and in vivo(32) and may provide a better understanding of the endogenous antioxidant potential ofskin and the real validity of a natural antioxidant biotechnology in the antiaging management of the skin(33).
Taken altogether, the list of foods have been found effectively in protection of photoagingnd alleviation of skin symptoms due to aging, as well as through influence of the expression of procollagen type I and MMP-1. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying.
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References
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(2) Garlic and aging: new insights into an old remedy by Rahman K(PubMed)
(3) Testing garlic for possible anti-ageing effects on long-term growth characteristics, morphology and macromolecular synthesis of human fibroblasts in culture by Svendsen L1, Rattan SI, Clark BF.(PubMed)
(4) Inhibition of ultraviolet-B-induced wrinkle formation by an elastase-inhibiting herbal extract: implication for the mechanism underlying elastase-associated wrinkles by Tsukahara K1, Nakagawa H, Moriwaki S, Takema Y, Fujimura T, Imokawa G(PubMed)
(5) Study of active ingredients in black soybean sprouts and their safety in cosmetic use by Lai J1, Xin C, Zhao Y, Feng B, He C, Dong Y, Fang Y, Wei S.(PubMed)
(6) Protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats on UVB-induced apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo by Tsoyi K1, Park HB, Kim YM, Chung JI, Shin SC, Shim HJ, Lee WS, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ.(PubMed)
(7) Anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats inhibit UVB-induced inflammatory cylooxygenase-2 gene expression and PGE2 production through regulation of the nuclear factor-kappaB and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway by Tsoyi K1, Park HB, Kim YM, Chung JI, Shin SC, Lee WS, Seo HG, Lee JH, Chang KC, Kim HJ.(PubMed)
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(10) The protective effects of piceatannol from passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) seeds in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes by Maruki-Uchida H1, Kurita I, Sugiyama K, Sai M, Maeda K, Ito T.(PubMed)
(11) Beneficial effects of chrysin and benzoflavone on virility in 2-year-old male rats by Dhawan K1, Kumar S, Sharma A.(PubMed)
(12) Protective effect of mango (Mangifera indica L.) against UVB-induced skin aging in hairless mice by Song JH1, Bae EY, Choi G, Hyun JW, Lee MY, Lee HW, Chae S.(PubMed)
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(14) Apple can act as anti-aging on yeast cells by Palermo V1, Mattivi F, Silvestri R, La Regina G, Falcone C, Mazzoni C.(PubMed)
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(16) Constituents from the Formosan apple reduce tyrosinase activity in human epidermal melanocytes by Lin YP1, Hsu FL, Chen CS, Chern JW, Lee MH(PubMed)
(17) UV radiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice is effectively prevented by oral intake of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit blend for 6 weeks through MMP suppression and increase of SOD activity by Hwang IS1, Kim JE, Choi SI, Lee HR, Lee YJ, Jang MJ, Son HJ, Lee HS, Oh CH, Kim BH, Lee SH, Hwang DY.(PubMed)
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(23) Inhibition of UVB-mediated oxidative stress and markers of photoaging in immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes by pomegranate polyphenol extract POMx by Zaid MA1, Afaq F, Syed DN, Dreher M, Mukhtar H.(PubMed)
(24) Dietary compound ellagic acid alleviates skin wrinkle and inflammation induced by UV-B irradiation by Bae JY1, Choi JS, Kang SW, Lee YJ, Park J, Kang YH(PubMed)
(25) A pilot study of the photoprotective effect of almond phytochemicals in a 3D human skin equivalent by Evans-Johnson JA1, Garlick JA, Johnson EJ, Wang XD, Oliver Chen CY.(PubMed)
(26) Effect of pre-treatment of almond oil on ultraviolet B-induced cutaneous photoaging in mice by Sultana Y1, Kohli K, Athar M, Khar RK, Aqil M.(PubMed)
(27) Topical application of plant extracts containing xanthine derivatives can prevent UV-induced wrinkle formation in hairless mice by Mitani H1, Ryu A, Suzuki T, Yamashita M, Arakane K, Koide(PubMed)
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(30) Application of genomics to breakthroughs in the cosmetic treatment of skinageing and discoloration by Osborne R1, Hakozaki T, Laughlin T, Finlay DR.(PubMed)
(31) Date palm kernel extract exhibits antiaging properties and significantly reduces skin wrinkles by Bauza E1, Dal Farra C, Berghi A, Oberto G, Peyronel D, Domloge N(PubMed)
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(33) Biochemical studies on a novel antioxidant from lemon oil and its biotechnological application in cosmetic dermatology by Calabrese V1, Randazzo SD, Catalano C, Rizza V.(PubMed)
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