The Vegetables That Prevent and Treat Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia(BPH), Medical Literature Suggest

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a condition, characterized by increased in the number of cells of prostate gland, causing partial, or sometimes virtually complete obstruction of the urinary tract.

According to statistic, BPH commonly starts at age of 30 and symptoms usually can not be realized until age of 50. More than half of men between age of 60-70 are experience symptoms of BPH and only 10% are required treatment.

Suggestion of BPH is associated to nutritional status and eating habits,.

According to the study, 30 male patients with clinically confirmed and treated disease of the prostatic gland, including 15 men (aged 51-75 years) with BPH and 15 men (aged 51-73 years) with PC, improper nutritional status lead to incorrect nutritional habits which fail to improve health status may be the cause of the development of some diet-dependent diseases, such as BPH and prostate cancer(a).

A proper diet with vegetable, fruit containing zinc may reduce the risk of the disease from starting(b)(c).

Epidemiological studies, indicated that intake of vegetables and fruits accompanied with healthy life style may be associated in prevented risk and treatment of enlarged prostate(d)(e)(f).

The efficacy may be due to enhancement of antioxidants effect on over production of prostate cells(g)(h).

Types of vegetables in reduced risk of BPH
1. Tomato
Tomato is a red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belonging to family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, tomato is grown world wide for commercial purpose and often in green house.

According to the study by Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, lycopene found in tomato inhibited the progression and reduced symptoms of BPH.(1)

But, intake of lycopene in the study at Universität Bonn, showed no protection from the development of PCA(5), but consumption of tomato products, lycopene ingestion might also be effective in PCA therapy(2).

Profluss®), composition of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene, displayed a siginificant antiinflammatry activities in reduced risk of BPH by reducing extension and grading of flogosis(3) and relieve the BHP symptoms(4).


2. Onion
The onion is a plants in the genus Allium, belongings to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic.

the evggy is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures.

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

Suggestion of rich sources of flavonoids may be effective in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)(6).

According to the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, intake of onion showed an inverse association of BPH(7).

3. Whole grain
Wholegrain is cereal grains containing cereal germ, endosperm, and bran.

The study by Beijing Medical University, conducted in 1993-1995 in Beijing of BPH in 413 rural and 419 urban male over 40 years of age, showed an increased BPH incidence with daily intake of total calories, fat and animal protein, and the decreased daily intake of vegetables and whole grain, the sources of phytoestrogens(8).

The study of the University of Illinois in Chicago, indicated an inverse associations with dietary intake of plant foods, including whole grain cereals(9).

Other researchers suggested that BPH is associated with elevations in plasma estradiol/testosterone ratio, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-I and daily aerobic exercise can reduce all of these plasma factors, particularly when combined with a low-fat, high-fiber diet consisting of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables(10).

4. Organic soybean
Soybean is genus Glycine, the family Fabaceae.

One of the legumes that contains twice as much protein per acre as any other major vegetable or grain crop, native to Southeast Asia.

Now, it is grown worldwide with suitable climate for commercial profit and a healthy foods.

In a rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Application of Anthocyanin, a major chemical constituent in the pigment and potent antioxidant of black soy bean, showed to inhibit the volume and suppress the proliferation of the prostate(11) and

The study Central South University, also indicated that soybean isoflavone inhibits prostate hyperplasia through increased expressions of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in rats(12).

Moreover, the soybean Isoflavone also found to reduced the risk of prostate hyperplasia through increased acid phosphatase and PAP in a dose-dependent manner in rats, according to the Central South University, in Shanghai(13).

5. Cruciferous vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables are the group of vegetables belonging to the family Brassicaceae, including cauliflower, cabbage, cress, bok choy, broccoli etc.

Sulforaphane (SFN) an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables in the study of its effect in normal (PrEC), benign hyperplasia (BPH1) and cancerous (LnCap and PC3) prostate epithelial cells induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in BPH1, through its activities in effects on cell proliferation, HDAC activity and downstream targets in normal and cancer cells(14).

Ethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), found in cruciferous vegetables, in the testing on androgen-influenced growth of the prostatesuch as benign hyperplasia, showed to regulate the hormone-dependent growth of the prostate, through negated the testosterone-mediated enhancement of the androgen receptor (AR), via down-regulating transcription factor Sp1 expression and Sp1 binding complex formation(15).

6. Squash
Squash is the genus Cucurbita, belongings to family Cucurbitaceae and native to Mexico and Central America.

In North America, squash is divided into summer squash or winter squash, depending on the maturity of squash when harvested, immature fruit called summer squash and mature fruit called winter squash.

ProstateEZE Max, a herbal formula containing Cucurbita pepo, Epilobium parviflorum, lycopene, Pygeum africanum and Serenoa repens in the study of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) demonstrated a positive effect in improvement of physical symptoms of BPH after 3 months of intake(16).

However, the Minneapolis VA Center for Chronic Diseases Outcomes Research in the reviews of 6 phytotherapeutic agents (Serenoa repens, Hypoxis rooperi, Secale cereale, Pygeum africanum, Urtica dioica, Curcubita pepo)from 44 studies, showed no convincing evidence supporting the use of Curcubita pepo alone for treatment of BPH(17).

7. Spinach
Spinach is an edible flowering plant in the genus Spinacia, belongings to the family of Amaranthaceae and native to central and southwestern Asia.

The green leaves vegetable is considered as a healthy plant containing vary vitamins and minerals.

The study of the effect of 3 anti-oxidants [a water-soluble natural anti-oxidant. NAO (200 mg/kg). found in spinach leaves; epigallocatechin-3 gallate, EGCG (200 mg/kg), a major green tea polyphenol; and N-acetylcysteine, NAC (125 mg/kg)] in TRAMP and wild-type male mice also indicated an improved NAO in reduced hyperplasia at weeks 9 and 13(18).


In a case-control study of prostatic cancer which consisted of 100 patients with prostatic cancer, matched for hospital, age (+/- 3 yr) and hospital admission date (+/- 3 months) to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and hospital controls, conducted by the Kyoto University, researcher found that frequent intake of spinach (RR = 1.96: 1.01-7.73), a typical green and yellow vegetable, was associated to reduced risk BPH and prostate cancer(19).

8. Mushrooms
Mushroom, a standard name of white button mushroom is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus produced above ground on soil or on its food source, belonogongs to the genus A. Muscaria in the family Amanitaceae.

In the examination of methanol extracts of 19 edible and medicinal mushrooms on 5alpha-reductase activity indicated an inhibited effects of the testosterone-induced growth of the ventral prostate in castrated rats(20).

But the study conducted by Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi suggested oral administration of extract of mushroom Phellinus linteus induced prostate enlargement(21).

Therefore using mushroom in treating BPH should be taken with care only with the approval of specialist.


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Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(a) Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer - preliminary investigation by Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I.(PubMed)
(b) Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece by Lagiou P1, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, Hsieh CC, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of obesity, physical activity and diet with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms by Raheem OA1, Parsons JK.(PubMed)
(d) Nutrition and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Espinosa G.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary patterns and prostatic diseases by Sebastiano C1, Vincenzo F, Tommaso C, Giuseppe S, Marco R, Ivana C, Giorgio R, Massimo M, Giuseppe M.(PubMed)
(f) Fruit and vegetable consumption, intake of micronutrients, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in US men by Rohrmann S1, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA.(PubMed)
(g) Evaluation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and comparison with controls by Ahmad M1, Suhail N, Mansoor T, Banu N, Ahmad S(PubMed).
(h) Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in non-metastatic prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Aydin A1, Arsova-Sarafinovska Z, Sayal A, Eken A, Erdem O, Erten K, Ozgök Y, Dimovski A.(PubMed)
(1) Lycopene inhibits disease progression in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia by Schwarz S1, Obermüller-Jevic UC, Hellmis E, Koch W, Jacobi G, Biesalski HK(PubMed).
(2) [Tomatoes and lycopene in prevention and therapy--is there an evidence for prostate diseases?].
[Article in German] by Ellinger S1, Ellinger J, Müller SC, Stehle P.(PubMed)(3) Effects of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of "FLOG" (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study by Morgia G1, Cimino S, Favilla V, Russo GI, Squadrito F, Mucciardi G, Masieri L, Minutoli L, Grosso G, Castelli T.(PubMed)
(4) Treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIA with Serenoa repens plus selenium and lycopene (Profluss) versus S. repens alone: an Italian randomized multicenter-controlled study by Morgia G1, Mucciardi G, Galì A, Madonia M, Marchese F, Di Benedetto A, Romano G, Bonvissuto G, Castelli T, Macchione L, Magno C.(PubMed)
(5) Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: a systematic review by Ilic D1, Misso M(PubMed).
(8) Changes in the prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia in China by Gu F.(PubMed)
(9) Correlations of dietary patterns with prostate health by Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M1, Borthakur G, Burns JL, Bowen PE.(PubMed)
(10) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: does lifestyle play a role by Barnard RJ1, Aronson WJ.(PubMed)
(11) Anthocyanin extracted from black soybean reduces prostate weight and promotes apoptosis in the prostatic hyperplasia-induced rat model by Jang H1, Ha US, Kim SJ, Yoon BI, Han DS, Yuk SM, Kim SW.(PubMed)
(12) [Effects of soy bean isoflavone on inhibition of benign prostatic hyperplasia and the expressions of NO and NOS of rats].[Article in Chinese] by Yang A1, Ren G, Tang L, Jiang W.(PubMed)
(13) [Inhibitive effect of soybean isoflavone on prostate hyperplasia in rats].[Article in Chinese] by Ren GF1, Huang YM.(PubMed)
(14) Differential effects of sulforaphane on histone deacetylases, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in normal prostate cells versus hyperplastic and cancerous prostate cells by Clarke JD1, Hsu A, Yu Z, Dashwood RH, Ho E.(PubMed)
(15) Modulating testosterone stimulated prostate growth by phenethyl isothiocyanate via Sp1 and androgen receptor down-regulation by Beklemisheva AA1, Feng J, Yeh YA, Wang LG, Chiao JW.(PubMed)
(16) A phase II randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ProstateEZE Max: a herbal medicine preparation for the management of symptoms of benign prostatichypertrophy by Coulson S1, Rao A, Beck SL, Steels E, Gramotnev H, Vitetta L.(PubMed)
(17) Phytotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia by Wilt TJ1, Ishani A, Rutks I, MacDonald R.(PubMed)
(18) Slowing tumorigenic progression in TRAMP mice and prostaticcarcinoma cell lines using natural anti-oxidant from spinach, NAO--a comparative study of three anti-oxidants by Nyska A1, Suttie A, Bakshi S, Lomnitski L, Grossman S, Bergman M, Ben-Shaul V, Crocket P, Haseman JK, Moser G, Goldsworthy TL, Maronpot RR.(PubMed)
(19) A case-control study of prostatic cancer with reference to dietary habits by Oishi K1, Okada K, Yoshida O, Yamabe H, Ohno Y, Hayes RB, Schroeder FH.(PubMed)
(20) Anti-androgenic activities of Ganoderma lucidum by Fujita R1, Liu J, Shimizu K, Konishi F, Noda K, Kumamoto S, Ueda C, Tajiri H, Kaneko S, Suimi Y, Kondo R.(PubMed)
(21) Administration of extract of mushroom Phellinus linteus induces prostate enlargement with increase in stromal component in experimentally developed rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia by Shibata Y1, Kashiwagi B, Arai S, Fukabori Y, Suzuki K.(PubMed)
(22) Effect of a standardized extract of red orange juice on proliferation of human prostate cells in vitro by Vitali F1, Pennisi C, Tomaino A, Bonina F, De Pasquale A, Saija A, Tita B.(PubMed)
(23) Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of prostate disease by Ilic D.(PubMed)
(24) Effects of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of "FLOG" (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study by Morgia G1, Cimino S, Favilla V, Russo GI, Squadrito F, Mucciardi G, Masieri L, Minutoli L, Grosso G, Castelli T.(PubMed)
(25) [The association of Serenoa repens, lycopene and selenium is superior to Serenoa repens alone in reducing benign prostatic hyperplasia].[Article in Italian] by Squadrito F1, Morgia G.(PubMed)
(26) The effectiveness of dried cranberries ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms by Vidlar A1, Vostalova J, Ulrichova J, Student V, Stejskal D, Reichenbach R, Vrbkova J, Ruzicka F, Simanek V.(PubMed)
(27) Risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a community based population of healthy aging men: the Krimpen Study by Kok ET1, Schouten BW, Bohnen AM, Groeneveld FP, Thomas S, Bosch JL.(PubMed)
(28) Enteric-coated, highly standardized cranberry extract reduces risk of UTIs and urinary symptoms during radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma by Bonetta A1, Di Pierro F.(PubMed)
(29) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(30) Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of human 5alpha-reductases by polyphenols by Hiipakka RA1, Zhang HZ, Dai W, Dai Q, Liao S.(PubMed)
(31) Dietary soy and tea mitigate chronic inflammation and prostate cancer via NFκB pathway in the Noble rat model by Hsu A1, Bruno RS, Löhr CV, Taylor AW, Dashwood RH, Bray TM, Ho E.(PubMed)
(32) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(33) Risk factors for surgery for prostatic hypertrophy by Morrison AS.(PubMed)
(34) Food groups and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. by Bravi F1, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, Montella M, Negri E, Ramazzotti V, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C.(PubMed)
(35) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: the opposite effects of alcohol and coffee intake by Gass R.(PubMed)
(36) Chronic caffeine intake increases androgenic stimuli, epithelial cell proliferation and hyperplasia in rat ventral prostate by Sarobo C1, Lacorte LM, Martins M, Rinaldi JC, Moroz A, Scarano WR, Delella FK, Felisbino SL.(PubMed)
(37) Inhibition of the experimental induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a possible role for fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) seeds by Ejike CE1, Ezeanyika LU.(PubMed)
(38) Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia by Hong H1, Kim CS, Maeng S.(PubMed)
(39) Inhibition of testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate of sprague-dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil by Gossell-Williams M1, Davis A, O'Connor N.(PubMed)
(40) Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. Nevin KG. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. 37(9):830-5, 2004 Sep. [Comparative Study. Journal Article] UI: 15329324 Authors Full Name Nevin, K G. Rajamohan, T.
(41) Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats. by de Lourdes Arruzazabala M1, Molina V, Más R, Carbajal D, Marrero D, González V, Rodríguez E.(PubMed)
(42) 5 alpha-reductase-catalyzed conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone is increased in prostatic adenocarcinoma cells: suppression by 15-lipoxygenase metabolites of gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids by Pham H1, Ziboh VA.(PubMed)
(43) Comparison of fatty acid profiles in the serum of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Yang YJ1, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Chung BC.(PubMed)
(44) Prostate tissue and leukocyte levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer by Christensen JH1, Fabrin K, Borup K, Barber N, Poulsen J.(PubMed)

Green Tea and Its Bioactive Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in Ameliorated Risk, Progression and Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Fclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease)

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk, progression and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), some scientists suggested.

Green tea is a precious drink processed numbers of health benefit and known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a specific disease involved the death of neurons in controlling voluntary muscles.


According to the research published by the Hanyang University, administration of green tea Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exerted a neuroprotective effect in reduced oxidative stress in orchestrated death of neurons.


In the evaluation of green tea EGCG in risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in human G93A(with function in responsible for destroying free superoxide radicals in the body) mutated Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene in mice model, scientists found that

application of green tea EGCG at doses of 1.5, 2.9, and 5.8 microg/g body weight, dissolved in 0.5 ml of 0.9% sterile NaCl intraorally every day after 60 days of age demonstrate significant effects in prolonged the symptom onset and life span of ALS mice through preserved more survival and attenuated death signals.


The result of increased life span of mutated gene mice was attributed to increased antioxidant activity of green tea in inhibited the levels of ROS in reduced cytotoxicity in initiated death of neurons in controlling voluntary muscles.

Further analysis of the effect of green tea in mutated SOD1-G93A in transgenic mice and wild-type mice randomly divided into EGCG-treated groups (10 mg/kg, p.o) and vehicle-treated control groups to assess the motor function, starting at the age of 70 days researchers found that injection of green tea treatment mice display a strong effect in delayed the onset of disease, and extended life span, similar to those in the Hanyang study.

Additional differentiation also indicated that green tea treatment group stimulated the production of numbers of new motor neurons in compared to control mice,

Interestingly, the application also decreased the over expression of microglial activation in initiated the inflammatory response due to neuronal damage and removed the damaged cells caused by phagocytosis production.

Prolonged and over expression of inflammatory cytokines may increase risk of neuron damage and in some cases death of the nerve cells.

Researchers in depth analysis showed that green tea reduced immunohistochemical reaction of NF-kappaB in response to the neuron damage (by antigens) through stimulated production of pro inflammatory factors (as antibody) and cleaved caspase-3 in induction of neuron apoptosis.

Moreover, application of green EGCG also expressed a similar result as in other studies in decreased protein level of iNOS and NF-kappaB in the spinal cords in orchestrated free radical NO levels and inflammatory cytokines in neuron cell death in the spinal cord involving the onset of ALS.


Dr. Xu Z, the lead author after taking into account of other co founders said, "this study provides further evidences that EGCG has multifunctional therapeutic effects in the mouse model of ALS".


These result were supported by the study of the green tea effect in risk of Lou Gehrig's disease through reviewing the food selection of 44-item food frequency questionnaire of 1 million men and women enrolled and conducted in 1989 through 2002 for ALS mortality.

According to results of the study, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health suggested that green tea injection is associated to reduced mortality rate of patients.

The information findings suggested that green tea and its bioactive polyphenol Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) may be considered as a function food for reduced risk and used combination with standard medicine in delayed progression and treatment of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Diet and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Morozova N1, Weisskopf MG, McCullough ML, Munger KL, Calle EE, Thun MJ, Ascherio A.(PubMed)
(2) Neuroprotective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Xu Z1, Chen S, Li X, Luo G, Li L, Le W.(PubMed)
(3) The effect of epigallocatechin gallate on suppressing disease progression of ALS model mice by Koh SH1, Lee SM, Kim HY, Lee KY, Lee YJ, Kim HT, Kim J, Kim MH, Hwang MS, Song C, Yang KW, Lee KW, Kim SH, Kim OH.(PubMed)

Black Beans In the Prevalence of Multiple Cancers' Risk

People who turn to alternative medicine for treatment of disease in avoidance of adverse effects induced by conventional medicine should be patient. In compared to herbal medicine, food therapy takes significant longer in times to ease symptoms, depending to stages of the treatment which directly address to the cause of disease.

Epidemiological studies strongly suggested that intake of black bean may associate to reduced risk and treatment of various type of cancers(1)(2).

Cancer is a class of chronic condition characterized by the irregular cell growth in the body organs. Sometime, the cancer cells can spread to other tissues or organs depending to stages of cancer..

Black bean, a small roughly ovoid legume with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, belongings to the family Fabaceae can be bought in most grocery stores all around the year in dried and canned forms. It is believed that black bean was first domesticated growth in South America.

1. Liver Cancer
Liver cancer is a condition of the abnormal growth of the cells in the liver's tissue. According to statistics approximated 40,710 adults (29,200 men and 11,510 women) in the United States will be diagnosed with primary liver cancer this year.

According to the Stocking Hall, Cornell University, phytochemicals isolated from black bean such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, and other compounds exhibited antiproliferative activities against the HepG2 cells(3), the human liver cancer cell line.

The efficacy of black bean in ameliorated growth of liver cancer may be attributed to the presence of some potent antioxidants in expression of apoptosis.

Consumption of bean not only played a prominent role of gene expression(4) involved the regulation of gene Hspa8 in reduced risk of liver disease developed, but also addressed the important issue of attenuated hepatic stress or toxicity in rat model.

Increased bean consumption in rats exhibits changes indicative of hepatic damage, Dr. Daniell EL, the lead author said, "Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) consumption is associated with reduced risk for a number of chronic diseases", such as liver cancer.

Dietary bean concentrations.is found to associate to the cholesterol 7α hydoxylase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase genes(4) increased with connection to the development of liver cancer, in a dose-dependent manner.

2. Breast Cancer
Breast cancer in most cases, starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk. but in rare instance, breast cancer may arise from other areas of the breast.

In the study of water-soluble condensed tannins isolated from black beans against Hs578T breast cancer cells, the preparation at 0.24-24 microM in dose-dependent induced cancer cell death by apoptosis but did not affect the growth of normal cells(5), as shown by observation assay.

The efficacy of water-soluble black bean condensed tannins at 24 microM in suppressed the breast caner cells(5) may be attributed to the phytochemical in reduced coagulation of remained blood in stimulated cancer cell migration and regulated the growth of breast tumor in formation of new blood vessels.

According to the National Taiwan University, fermentation product of soybean, black bean, and green bean mixture (BN999) showed a significant effect in inhibited the growth of human breast cancer AU565 cells in increased expression of multiple apoptotic regulators in induced apoptosis(6).

The fermentation product also exerted an impressive activity in induced apoptosis in various human cancer cells but not in normal human cells, Dr, Chia JS, the lead author insisted.

Dr. Dong M, the lead researcher at the Cornell University, in the finding of major phytochemicals of black bean which may have a powerful effect in treatment of breast cancer suggested, that out of newly found flavonoids, only 6 (5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 19, 20) of them showed potent antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells(7).

3. Osteocarcinoma
Osteocarcinoma is a condition of bone cancer caused by irregular cell growth in bone, affecting mostly adolescents and young adults..

According to the The Chinese University of Hong Kong, hemagglutinin isolated from an edible legume, namely black bean, showed an anti proliferative activity(8) against tumor cell lines MG-63(8) and HepG2(8) but not the normal cell line.

Malignant osteocarcinoma cell treated with the phytochemical also exerted a significant effect in shrinking of tumor cells as well as inducing apoptosis.

The study also stated that hemagglutinin also induced cell death through interfering the first stage of tumor cell division in expression of protein, RNA, and DNA and inducing mitochondrial membrane depolarization(8) in controlling plasma membrane of a muscle or nerve cell

Furthermore, the study also suggested that the efficacy of hemagglutinin in causing cell death may be attributed to the function of protein in increased regulation of pro inflammatory expressions(8)

Dr. Dan X, the lead author said, " a novel hemagglutinin from an edible legume (showed) a growth-inhibitory effect on osteocarcinoma and liver cancer cells" and " The hemagglutinating activity of this hemagglutinin was demonstrated to be ion dependent and stable over a wide range of temperature and pH values".


4. Prostate Cancer
According to the National Taiwan University,fermentation products BN999, included black bean processed an anti prostate cancer effect through expression of prostate adenocarcinoma PC-3 cell line.

BN999, the product mixture induced cancer cell death by activating the protein gene involved pro cancer cell apoptosis via cell mediatory activities(9), including a network of membranous anatomical structure and double membrane-bound organelle in energy conversion.

Most importantly, BN999 target prostate and other cancer cell without affecting the normal human cells and inducing obvious side effects(9).

In the investigation of water-soluble black bean condensed tannins isolated from black beans showed a significant activity in induced cancer cell death by apoptosis without affecting the growth of normal cells, in dose dependent manner(10).

Additionally, the study also addressed that the efficacy of water-soluble in induced prostate cancer cell death may be attributed to direct effect in decrease cancer cell energy molecule and formation of cell structure.

Dr. Bawadi HA(10), the lead author indicated, after 24 h of injection, water-soluble black bean condensed tannins showed a strong reduced coagulation of blood in stimulated cancer cell migration and regulated mechanisms involved growth of prostate cancer in formation of new blood vessels.

5. Colon Cancer
Colon cancer is a medical condition of the abnormal proliferation of cells in large intestine.

In a study of rats injected with azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer or saline and one week later administered an AIN, black bean (BB) and soy flour (SF)--based diet, researchers found that mice fed with black bean showed a significant expression in attenuated gene expression in coloncarcinogenesis by modulating cellular kinetics and reducing inflammation(11).

Others experiment to test the prevalence of high bean intake and low incidence of colon cancer in many Latin American countries in 53-wk-old weanling male F344 rats randomly assigned by weight to the following groups: control (11 rats), casein diet (21 rats), and bean diet (21 rats), with animals fed the casein and bean diets treated with the carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) once weekly for 2 wk, the results returned showed a significantly fewer colon adenocarcinomas (P < 0.05) in rat fed with bean diet in compared control and rats fed the casein diet(12).

Rats fed with bean diet also expressed a lesser in tumor multiplication observed by tumors per tumor-bearing rat than in casein-fed rats.

Dt. Hughes JS, the lead researcher said, "dry beans contain anticarcinogenic compounds capable of inhibiting AOM-induced colon cancer in rats. However, the specific anticarcinogenic components within dry beans have not been identified".

But suggested that the efficacy of bean in reduced colon cancer risk may be results of the dietary fiber, phytochemicals or other components within dry beans(12),...

Promisingly, the results of rats fed a modified AIN-93G diet (control) or diets containing 75% black beans or 75% navy beans for 4 wk, and then colon cancer initiated by administration of two injections of azoxymethane 1 wk apart, also postulated a lower incidence of colon cancer in rats fed the black bean (9%) in compared navy bean (14%) diets than in rats fed the control diet (36%) at 31 weeks(13).

Rats fed the black bean also significantly lower of total tumor multiplicity in compared to control(13).

The findings suggested that black bean with abundant bioactive chemical compounds such as genistein, flavonols and saponins.may be considered as functional food and integrated form of injection for reduced risk and treatment of various types of malignant tumors. However, raw black beans containing phytohenagglutinin can be toxic to liver in high amount(14).

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Common Beans and Their Non-Digestible Fraction: Cancer Inhibitory Activity—An Overview by Rocio Campos-Vega,1,* B Dave Oomah,2,† Guadalupe Loarca-Piña,1,† and Haydé Azeneth Vergara-Castañeda3(PMC)(2) Fermentation product of soybean, black bean, and green bean mixture induces apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells by Chia JS1, Du JL, Wu MS, Hsu WB, Chiang CP, Sun A, Lu JJ, Wang WB.(PubMed)

(3) Phytochemicals of black bean seed coats: isolation, structure elucidation, and their antiproliferative and antioxidative activities by Dong M1, He X, Liu RH.(PubMed)
(4) Dietary dry bean effects on hepatic expression of stress and toxicity-related genes in rats by Daniell EL1, Ryan EP, Brick MA, Thompson HJ.(PubMed)
(5) Inhibition of Caco-2 colon, MCF-7 and Hs578T breast, and DU 145 prostatic cancer cell proliferation by water-soluble black bean condensed tannins by Bawadi HA1, Bansode RR, Trappey A 2nd, Truax RE, Losso JN.(PubMed)
(6) Fermentation product of soybean, black bean, and green bean mixture induces apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells by Chia JS1, Du JL, Wu MS, Hsu WB, Chiang CP, Sun A, Lu JJ, Wang WB.(PubMed)
(7) Phytochemicals of black bean seed coats: isolation, structure elucidation, and their antiproliferative and antioxidative activities by Dong M1, He X, Liu RH.(PubMed)



(8) Purification and Characterization of a Novel Hemagglutinin with Inhibitory Activity toward Osteocarcinoma Cells from Northeast China Black Beans by Dan X1, Wong JH1, Fang EF2, Chan FC3, Ng TB1(PubMed).

(9) Fermentation product of soybean, black bean, and green bean mixture induces apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells by Chia JS1, Du JL, Wu MS, Hsu WB, Chiang CP, Sun A, Lu JJ, Wang WB.(PubMed)
(10) Dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiological Follow-up Study cohort by Tseng M1, Breslow RA, DeVellis RF, Ziegler RG.(PubMed)
(11) Microarray Analyses of Genes Differentially Expressed by Diet (Black Beans and Soy Flour) during Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats by Rondini EA1, Bennink MR.(PubMed)
(12) Dry beans inhibit azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats by Hughes JS1, Ganthavorn C, Wilson-Sanders S.(PubMed)
(13) Consumption of black beans and navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) reduced azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats by Hangen L1, Bennink MR.(PubMed)
(14) Spleen and thymus histology and proliferative response of splenic cells in rats fed raw and cooked Phaseolus vulgaris beans by Toro F1, Benshimol AL, González Elorriaga M, Soyano A.(PubMed)

The Best 5 Foods for Reducing Risk and Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia(BPH), Studies Found

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a condition of increased numbers of cell of prostate tissues, causing partial, or sometimes virtually complete obstruction of the urinary tract.

According to statistic, BPH commonly starts at age of 30 and symptoms usually can not be realized until age of 50.

More than half of men between age of 60-70 are experience symptoms of BPH and only 10% are required treatment.

Suggestion of BPH is associated to nutritional status and eating habits, according to the study, 30 male patients with clinically confirmed and treated disease of the prostatic gland, including 15 men (aged 51-75 years) with BPH and 15 men (aged 51-73 years) with PC, indicated that improper nutritional status leaind to incorrect nutritional habits and failing to improve their health, may be the cause of the development of some diet-dependent diseases, such as BPH and prostate cancer(a).

A proper diet with vegetable, fruit containing zinc may reduce the risk of the disease from initiation(b)(c).

Epidemiological studies, indicated intake of vegetables and fruits accompanied with healthy life style may be associated in prevented risk and treatment of enlarged prostate(d)(e)(f)in inhibited over production of prostate cells though antioxidant activity (g)(h).

Top 5 Foods for Reducing Risk of Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)
1. Green tea
Green tea containing more amount of antioxidants than any drinks or food with the same volume, is the leaves of Camellia sinensis, undergone minimal oxidation during processing, originated from China.

Green tea is a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years.

Because of their health benefits, they have been cultivated for commercial purposes all over the world.

In the examine the levels and activity of androgen hormones in associated to the risk of BPH, researchers indicated that application of green tea catechin, (-)epigallocatechin-3-gallate, modulated the expression androgenic activity in reduced progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

These result suggested that EGCG may be useful for the treatment of various hormone-related abnormalities, inckuding benign prostatic hyperplasia(29)(32)

5 alpha-reductase activity long has suspected to a significant impact in induction of early onset of benign prostatic hyperplasia,

According to the study conducted by the Ben May Institute for Cancer Research, and The Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, administration of green tea catechin (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exerts a strong effect in replaced the gallate ester with long-chain fatty acids in acting as a potent 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors(30).

The study by the Oregon State University, also indicated that the combination of soy and tea attenuated prostate malignancy by decreasing prostate hyperplasia in male noble rats implanted with estradiol and testosterone(31)


2. Coffee
Coffee made from the roasted seeds of the genus Coffee, belongings to the family Rubiaceae native to southern Arabia.

According to Dr. Morrison AS. coffee drinking was inversely but only weakly related to prostatic hypertrophy(BPH) in 910 residents of Rhode Island who had a partial or total prostatectomybetween the years 1985-1987(33).

In a study of a total of 1369 patients younger than 75 years old surgically treated for BPH and 1451 controls younger than 75 years of age, the prevalence of BPH was insignificantly among coffee drinkers(34)(35)

However, according to the study by the Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in the rat prostate gland, chronic caffeine intake from puberty may increase androgenic signalling and cell proliferation in initiated development of benign prostatic hyperplasia(36).

3. Pumpkin seeds
Pumpkin seed(PS) or pepita, an edible seed of a pumpkin with flat, dark green color is the genus Cucurbita and belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae.

The origin of pumpkins is unknown, although many people believe that they have originated in North America.

According the study of 20 male Wistar rats, conducted by the Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, injection of pumpkin seeds inhibited the induction of BPH and through increasing the testosterone:estradiol ratio(37).

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in over 12 months on 47 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with average age of 53.3 years and international prostate symptom score over 8, researchers showed that PS demonstrated a positive effect in treatments of benign prostatic hyperplasia(38).

Other study also suggested that oral administration of pumpkin seed oil inhibits testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate(39).

4. Coconut oil
Coconut palm tree is a genus cocos, belongings to the family Arecaceae, native to the tropic and subtropic area.
According to chemical differentiation, coconut oil may reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, LDL, and VLDL cholesterol levels and increased HDL cholesterol in serum, etc through numbers of phytochemicals.(40).

Coconut oil reduced the increase of both prostate weight (PW) and body weight (BW) ratio, markers in testosterone-induced PH in rats(41).

5. Fish oil
Fish oil, rich in long-chain polyunsaturated essential fatty acids of the omega-3 group may have a potential effect in reduced BPH risk.

According to the study by the University of California at Davis, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) from fish oil inhibited 80% of gamDHT-enhanced activity of 5 alpha-reductase(42).

Other, in the study of the serum samples of 24 BPH and 19 PC patients, and from 21 age-matched normal male subjects, scientists found that the omega-3 PUFAs level was significantly decreased in patient with BPH(43).

However, in the study to compare the levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in leukocytes and prostate tissue in men with prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), scientists found that long-chain polyunsaturated essential fatty acids intake is not associated in reduced risk of BPH(44).

Taking altogether, certain foods have been found effectively in reduced risk and treatments of Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). But large sample and multi centers studies are necessary for reconfirm the viability.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight


Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.References
(a) Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer - preliminary investigation by Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I.(PubMed)
(b) Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece by Lagiou P1, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, Hsieh CC, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of obesity, physical activity and diet with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms by Raheem OA1, Parsons JK.(PubMed)
(d) Nutrition and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Espinosa G.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary patterns and prostatic diseases by Sebastiano C1, Vincenzo F, Tommaso C, Giuseppe S, Marco R, Ivana C, Giorgio R, Massimo M, Giuseppe M.(PubMed)
(f) Fruit and vegetable consumption, intake of micronutrients, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in US men by Rohrmann S1, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA.(PubMed)
(g) Evaluation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and comparison with controls by Ahmad M1, Suhail N, Mansoor T, Banu N, Ahmad S(PubMed).
(h) Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in non-metastatic prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Aydin A1, Arsova-Sarafinovska Z, Sayal A, Eken A, Erdem O, Erten K, Ozgök Y, Dimovski A.(PubMed)
(29) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(30) Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of human 5alpha-reductases by polyphenols by Hiipakka RA1, Zhang HZ, Dai W, Dai Q, Liao S.(PubMed)
(31) Dietary soy and tea mitigate chronic inflammation and prostate cancer via NFκB pathway in the Noble rat model by Hsu A1, Bruno RS, Löhr CV, Taylor AW, Dashwood RH, Bray TM, Ho E.(PubMed)
(32) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(33) Risk factors for surgery for prostatic hypertrophy by Morrison AS.(PubMed)
(34) Food groups and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. by Bravi F1, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, Montella M, Negri E, Ramazzotti V, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C.(PubMed)
(35) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: the opposite effects of alcohol and coffee intake by Gass R.(PubMed)
(36) Chronic caffeine intake increases androgenic stimuli, epithelial cell proliferation and hyperplasia in rat ventral prostate by Sarobo C1, Lacorte LM, Martins M, Rinaldi JC, Moroz A, Scarano WR, Delella FK, Felisbino SL.(PubMed)
(37) Inhibition of the experimental induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a possible role for fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) seeds by Ejike CE1, Ezeanyika LU.(PubMed)
(38) Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia by Hong H1, Kim CS, Maeng S.(PubMed)
(39) Inhibition of testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate of sprague-dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil by Gossell-Williams M1, Davis A, O'Connor N.(PubMed)
(40) Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. Nevin KG. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. 37(9):830-5, 2004 Sep. [Comparative Study. Journal Article] UI: 15329324 Authors Full Name Nevin, K G. Rajamohan, T.
(41) Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats. by de Lourdes Arruzazabala M1, Molina V, Más R, Carbajal D, Marrero D, González V, Rodríguez E.(PubMed)
(42) 5 alpha-reductase-catalyzed conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone is increased in prostatic adenocarcinoma cells: suppression by 15-lipoxygenase metabolites of gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids by Pham H1, Ziboh VA.(PubMed)
(43) Comparison of fatty acid profiles in the serum of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Yang YJ1, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Chung BC.(PubMed)
(44) Prostate tissue and leukocyte levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer by Christensen JH1, Fabrin K, Borup K, Barber N, Poulsen J.(PubMed)

The Top 3 Fruits Which Process Anti Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia(BPH) Potency, Medline Literature Find

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a condition characterized by increased number of cells of prostate gland, causing partial, or sometimes virtually complete obstruction of the urinary tract.

According to statistic, BPH commonly starts at age of 30 and symptoms usually can not be realized until age of 50.

More than half of men between age of 60-70 are experience some symptoms of BPH and only 10% are required treatment.

Suggestion of BPH is associated to nutritional status and eating habits.

According to the study, 30 male patients with clinically confirmed and treated disease of the prostatic gland, including 15 men (aged 51-75 years) with BPH and 15 men (aged 51-73 years) with PC, improper nutritional status induced incorrect nutritional habits, may be the cause of the development of some diet-dependent diseases, such as BPH and prostate cancer(a).

A proper diet with vegetable, fruit containing zinc may reduce the risk of the disease from initiation(b)(c).

Epidemiological studies strongly suggested that intake of vegetables and fruits accompanied with healthy life style are associated in reduced risk and treatment of enlarged prostate(d)(e)(f),through enhancing antioxidants activity in inhibited over production of prostate cells(g)(h).

4 Fruits for reducing risk of Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)
1. Orange
Orange is a species of Citrus Sinensis, belongings to the family Rutaceae and native to the Southeast Asia.

According to study, the extract of red orange juice (ROE) inhibited proliferation of fibroblast and epithelial prostate cells in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(22).

2. Water melon and strawberry
Lycopene, a member of the carotenoid family, found abundantly in Water melon, strawberry, exerted significant antioxidants effect against formation of prostate disease(23).

In he study of Profluss® included serenoa repens+Selenium+Lycopene on prostatic chronic inflammation (PCI) in 168 subjects, the compositions exhibited anti-inflammatory activity for treatment of PCI in BPH and/or PIN/ASAP patients(24).

In jection of Serenoa repens, lycopene and selenium were superior than Serenoa repens alone in reducing benign prostatic hyperplasia, through reduction of prostate weight, hyperplasia, cell proliferation and growth factor in augmentation of apoptosis(25) in compared to other treatment groups.

3. Cranberry
Cranberry is a species of Vaccinium oxycoccos, belongings to the family Ericaceae.

In the study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) powder in men at risk of prostate disease with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) researchers suggested that the application displays a positive effect in lower total PSA level on day 180 of the study(26) and reduced urinary tract symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia(27).

Further more cranberry also found to reduce symptoms of dysuria, nocturia, urinary frequency and urgency) in a group pf 270 of BPH patients(28).

Taken together, the evidences finding postulated that adding some portions of orange, water melon, strawberry and cranberry may have a potential effect in reduced symptoms, risk, progression and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(a) Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer - preliminary investigation by Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I.(PubMed)
(b) Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece by Lagiou P1, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, Hsieh CC, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of obesity, physical activity and diet with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms by Raheem OA1, Parsons JK.(PubMed)
(d) Nutrition and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Espinosa G.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary patterns and prostatic diseases by Sebastiano C1, Vincenzo F, Tommaso C, Giuseppe S, Marco R, Ivana C, Giorgio R, Massimo M, Giuseppe M.(PubMed)
(f) Fruit and vegetable consumption, intake of micronutrients, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in US men by Rohrmann S1, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA.(PubMed)
(22) Effect of a standardized extract of red orange juice on proliferation of human prostate cells in vitro by Vitali F1, Pennisi C, Tomaino A, Bonina F, De Pasquale A, Saija A, Tita B.(PubMed)
(23) Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of prostate disease by Ilic D.(PubMed)
(24) Effects of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of "FLOG" (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study by Morgia G1, Cimino S, Favilla V, Russo GI, Squadrito F, Mucciardi G, Masieri L, Minutoli L, Grosso G, Castelli T.(PubMed)
(25) [The association of Serenoa repens, lycopene and selenium is superior to Serenoa repens alone in reducing benign prostatic hyperplasia].[Article in Italian] by Squadrito F1, Morgia G.(PubMed)
(26) The effectiveness of dried cranberries ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms by Vidlar A1, Vostalova J, Ulrichova J, Student V, Stejskal D, Reichenbach R, Vrbkova J, Ruzicka F, Simanek V.(PubMed)
(27) Risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a community based population of healthy aging men: the Krimpen Study by Kok ET1, Schouten BW, Bohnen AM, Groeneveld FP, Thomas S, Bosch JL.(PubMed)
(28) Enteric-coated, highly standardized cranberry extract reduces risk of UTIs and urinary symptoms during radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma by Bonetta A1, Di Pierro F.(PubMed)

Eggplant: The NightShade Vegetable in Prevention and Treatment of Cancers

Eggplant is a species of S. Melongena with deeply purple color, belongings to the family Solanaceae and native to India, cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory.


Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fiber
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Pantothenic acid (B5)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vitamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Tryptophan
14. Manganese
15. Calcium
16. Copper
17. Iron
18. Magnesium
19. Phosphorus
20. Potassium
21. Zinc
22. Etc.

Chemical constituents
The vegetable chemical compounds containing include sterols (i.e. typical plant sterols, androstane, pregnane and cholestane derivatives, steroidal alkaloids and sapogenins), phytosterols, triterpenes, δ-amyrin, Chlorogenic acid, Nasunin and other Polyphenolic compounds.

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by cell growth irregularly and disorderly in the tissue and organs. At the late stage, the cells may spread a distance away to infect other healthy tissue and organs.

Accordingly to statistic, 30% of all deaths in Canada are resulted from cancer.

Epidemiological studies suggested that eggplant have a profound and sustainable effect in reduced risk and treatment of various types of cancer through its bioactive phytochemicals, including t glycoalkaloids for antiproliferative activities against human colon (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells(1); delphinidin, a flavonoid pigment contained in the peel of eggplant in human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cell(2).

1. Colon Cancer

Colon cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of colon At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away drom the original site.

According to statistic, approximately 4.3 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer at some points during their lifetime.

In human colon (HT29), observed microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, application of several chemical constituents isolated from eggplant(2)(5), including glycoalkaloids solamargine and solasonine and their common aglycon solasodine; and the nonsteroidal alkaloid jervine, demonstrated a overwhelming effect in inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation(3), particularly in the compound glycoalkaloids in compared to others in dose-dependent manner.

Further analysis also suggested that the nitrogen-containing secondary plant metabolites glycoalkaloids anti colon cancer cells expression was attributed to its derivative α-solamargine and α-solasonine activities(3) in inhibited the growth of the cells in culture (in vitro) and tumor growth in vivo.

Additionally, in HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines, anthocyanins isolated from eggplant displayed a substantial antioxidant effect in inhibited reactive oxygen species(ROS) expression(4) in induction of healthy cellular DNA damage through increased production of inflammatory cytokines(4).

In compared to anthocyanins, administration of nasunin with glycosylation on C3 and C5 and an acyl group (p-coumaric acid) derivatives demonstrated the least effect on ROS reduction but exhibited ROS over expression in induction of cytotoxicity in colon cell lines(4), thus ameliorating tumor proliferation and site expansion.

Nasunin and its deacylated derivatives protected healthy cells from DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner(4), although with lesser anti ROS properties.

Dr. Pu Jing(4), the lead author said, "anthocyanins isolated from Chinese eggplant var. Niu Jiao Qie and other delphinidin have antioxidant activities in colon cancer cells and also protect cells from DNA damage".

The evaluation of anthocyanins chemopreventive properties in 25 colon cancer patients confirmed that application, containing 0.5-2.0 grams anthocyanins showed a strong effect in increased anthocyanin concentrations in plasma and urine, reaching approximately 179 ng/gram in tumor tissue at the highest dose(6), that indicated the phytochemical anthocyanins and their degradation products have reached the colon intact.

Examined tumor tissue from all patients also found that the rate of cancer cells proliferation was also decreased by 7% in compared to pre-intervention value and application in dose dependent also inhibited the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 concentrations(6) in stimulates growth in cancer cells throughout the colon tumor site.

Dr. Thomasset S(6), the lead auhtor in the study of "Intact anthocyanins and metabolites in rat urine and plasma after 3 months of anthocyanin supplementation" said, "Studies of doses containing <0.5 gram of bilberry anthocyanins are necessary to adjudge whether they may be appropriate for development as colorectal cancer chemopreventive agents".


2. Melanoma
Melanoma is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of skin. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissues and organs.

According to statistic, approximately 87,110 new cases of invasive melanoma caner will be diagnosed in the U.S. in 2017.

The investigated the glycoalkaloids isolated from numerous Solanaceous plants, including eggplant in risk of melanoma, suggested that eggplant glycoalkaloids derivatives α-solamargine and α-solasonine(5) demonstrated a significant effect in inhibition of cancer cells proliferation, in both vitro and vivo.

Further analysis of the chemistry and structure-activity also suggested that both α-solamargine and α-solasonine exert a strong antioxidant effect in increased cancer cell apoptosis and decrease tumor formation through expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)(5) in cancer cellular processes and NF-kappaB cascades(5) in enhanced T-cell development, maturation, and proliferation, in animal models.

In melanoma cell lines, application of glycoalkaloid solamargine showed a complete
inhibition of the growth of metastatic and primary melanoma cell lines WM239 and WM115 with minimum effect on normal and benign WM35 melanoma cells through reduced blood supplies in induced necrosis(9) by rapid induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization in controls the passage to allow intracellular or intraorganellar antigens into and out of lysosomes.

The action of glycoalkaloid solamargine in exhibition of cancer cell apoptosis was found to attribute to the physiological processes activated by cathepsin B activity in triggering the extrinsic mitochondrial death pathway through releasing cytochrome c, a hemeprotein(9) found loosely in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1)(9) in expression of the transcription factor NF-κB in mediated apoptosis.

In the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, Solamargine disrupted the function of hILP/XIAP in blocking cancer cells apoptosis through an interaction with TRAF protein activated by mediating activation of transcription factors of the NF-κB(9), thus improving caspase-3 cleavage in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis, up regulating Bcl-xL, and Bcl2 in regulated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and cell cycle entry and suppressing apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 Apaf-1 and Bax family in expression of both anti- or pro-apoptotic regulation(9).

Dr. Al Sinani SS, the lead author, after taking into account of other con founders said, " Solamargine showed high efficacy in vitro particularly against the vertical growth phase melanoma cells" and "is a promising anti-malignant melanoma drug".

In the researching of chemically isolate and explore an antimelanogenesis inducer in extracts of Solanum melongena L. "Usukawamarunasu" eggplant, the identified dioscin ([25R]-Spirost-5-en-3β-yl) 2-O-(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl) - 4-O-(6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside] displayed an overwhelming effect in inhibition of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)-induced melanogenesis in B16 murine melanoma cells(8).

According to the immunoblot analysis, dioscin prevented B16 murine melanoma cells proliferation was found to attribute to ameliorate the expression of tyrosinase in intracellular production of melanin, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2(9) which were significantly correlate to tumor cell stage and grade and metastasis-free survival (DMFS), overall survival.
Additionally, the suppression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 expression also attenuated
alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in production of melanogenesis in B16 cells(9).

Further differentiation also indicated that, the identified chemicals also exerted anti melanoma cells preoperative effect through mediating pro-survival functions microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)(9), through inhibition of Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) in express a cassette of regeneration-associated genes with alternated DNA transcription caused by phosphorylation in expression of α-MSH-induced melanogenesis in B16 cells(9).


3. Liver cancer
Liver cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of liver. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissue and organs.

According to statistic, approximately 40,710 new cases (29,200 in men and 11,510 in women) of liver cancer and and intrahepatic bile duct cancer will be diagnosed in US 2017.

Glycoalkaloids (α-solamargine and α-solasonine), nitrogen-containing secondary plant metabolites found in eggplants and numerous Solanaceous plants including potatoes, and tomatoes expressed a strong inhibition of the growth of the liver tumor cells in culture and tumor growth in vivo(10)(11).

More specifically, α-solamargine and α-solasonine induced apoptosis in cancer cells but not normal cells through functions in eliminated old cells, unnecessary cells, unhealthy cells and cancer cells without causing harm to healthy cells in the surrounding area(5).

α-solamargine also suppressed liver cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through cell cycle arrest(5).

Additionally, in HCT-116 cell line, anthocyanins isolated from eggplant displayed a substantial antioxidant effect in inhibited reactive oxygen species(ROS) expression in promoting oxidative stress and cytotoxicity(6)(120 in induction of healthy cellular DNA damage in initiated early onset of liver cancer.

In compared to anthocyanins, administration of nasunin with glycosylation on C3 and C5 and an acyl group (p-coumaric acid) derivatives demonstrated the least effect on ROS reduction(6)(12) but exhibited ROS over expression in induction of cytotoxicity in colon cell lines, thus ameliorating tumor proliferation and site expansion(6), according to microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay.

Further analysis, also indicated that nasunin and its deacylated derivatives protected healthy cells from DNA damage through antioxidant capacity in a dose-dependent manner.

In the valuations carried out with four concentrations each (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 microg/mL) of the the potato trisaccharide glycoalkaloids alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine; the disaccharides beta(1)-chaconine, beta(2)-chaconine, and beta(2)-solanine; the monosaccharide gamma-chaconine and their common aglycon solanidine; the tetrasaccharide potato glycoalkaloid dehydrocommersonine; the potato aglycon demissidine; the tetrasaccharide tomato glycoalkaloid alpha-tomatine, the trisaccharide beta(1)-tomatine, the disaccharide gamma-tomatine, the monosaccharide delta-tomtine, and their common aglycon tomatidine, and the eggplant glycoalkaloids solamargine and solasonine and their common aglycon solasodine; and the nonsteroidal alkaloid jervine, researchers found that the glycoalkaloids isolated from all vegetables demonstrated as the most active compound in inhibited liver cancer in compared to colon cells(1).

In compared to anticancer drugs doxorubicin and camptothecin, all isolated compounds also exerted significant activity in decreased cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in concentration dependent manner.


4. Prostate cancer 

Prostate cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of prostate. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away drom the original site.

According to statistic, approximately 11.6 percent of men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer at some point during their lifetime.

In vitro and in vivo application of glycoalkaloids derivatives α-solamargine and α-solasonine expressed a significant effect in inhibition of tumor formation and growth in fish and mice and human prostate cancer cell lines(1).

In deed, in the human prostate cancer cell PC-3. administration of non toxic dose of α-solanine initiated cancer suppression and reduced the viability of the human cancer cell through significantly elevated epithelial marker E-cadherin gene expression(13) in target mutated cell in induction of cell profileration and invasion and decreased mesenchymal marker vimentin expression in initiated cell metastasis.

α-Solanine ameliorated cancer cell proliferation and tumor initiation through reduced mRNA level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9)(13) in stimulated cancer invasion and metastasis and increases the expression of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK)(13) in suppression of prostate tumor progression and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2 in the regulation of MMP(3) activity, particular in induction of cancer cell over expression.

According to the observation of the Immunoblotting assays, injection of α-solanine is effective in suppressed phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)(13) which plays an important role in modulated cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking involved cancer progression, Akt phosphorylates expression(13) with primary functions is to promote cell growth and protein synthesis and The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway phosphorylates(13) with function in the control of diverse cellular processes including such as proliferation, survival, differentiation and motility.

α-solanine reduced levels of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in expression of cancer progression(13). Higher levels of miR-21 are correlated to more advanced malignancies and elevated tumor suppressor miR-138 expression in induced prostate cancer cells apoptosis through cell cycle arrest at G1/S transition(13).


5. Lung cancer

Lung cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of lung At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away from the original site.

According to statistic, approximately 28,600 Canadians will be diagnosed with lung cancer represented 14% of all new cancer cases in 2017.

In the investigation of the eggplant bioactive phytochemical glycoalkaloids activity and risk of various types of malignant tumors, Dr. Friedman M found that derivatives of glycoalkaloids, α-solamargine and α-solasonine(1) demonstrated a strong inhibited effect in the growth of the lung and other cancer cells in culture (in vitro) as well as tumor growth in vivo, involved some unknown signalling pathways(14).

The investigation of solasodine, a naturally occurring aglycone of glycoalkaloid in eggplant (Solanum melongena) in human lung cancer cell line A549 showed that solasodine displays a significant effect in ameliorated cancer cell viability and initiated cell apoptosis through attenuating expression of mRNA level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9(14) which were found to be elevated in patients with lung cancer in compared to healthy subjects and extracellular inducer of matrix metalloproteinase (EMMPRIN)(14), a cell surface glycoprotein which plays an important role in stimulated the production of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Further investigation, also indicated that the inhibitory property of solasodine by increased the expression of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK)(14) not only reduces risk of RECK accelerated cancer cell proliferation but also exhibits initiation of irreversible growth cycle arrest through short hairpin of mRNA in suppression of the RECK gene(14).

Additionally, injection of solasodine promoted cancer cells death was also associated to the over expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)(14), a glycoprotein found in several tissues of organisms with function in involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix as mention above and TIMP-2(14), a member of the TIMP gene family with function as a metastasis suppressor.

According to the immunoblotting assays, administration of solasodine is very effective in suppressing PI3K /Akt phosphorylation of lung cancer cell of in induction of cell proliferation(13)(14).

PI3K /Akt phosphorylation plays critical roles in the regulation of many cellular processes including cell cycle, growth, apoptosis and signal transduction pathways.

Alterations in phosphorylation pathways result in serious outcomes in the form of diseases, especially cancer.

Solasodine decreased expression of microRNA-21 which has been found to be higher in more advanced malignancies, in initiated early entry phase of cancer developing by stimulated production of RECK(13)(14) in accelerated cancer cell proliferation, thus decreasing risk of cell invasion.

After taking into account of all con founders, Dr. Shen KH, the lead author said, "the findings demonstrate an attractive therapeutic potential for solasodine in lung cancer anti-metastatic therapy".


6. Bone Cancer

Bone cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of colon At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away drom the original site.

According to statistic, early stage of bone cancer diagnosis of 5-year survival rate are approximately 85%.

In the evaluation of the effect of solamargine, a steroidal glycoalkaloid against human osteosarcoma
U2OS cells, researchers at the Shandong University showed that application of solamargine exerted a substantially reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma U2OS cells through over expression of mRNA and protein expressions of p53 in regulated the cell cycle(15) in involvement of tumor suppression and Bax(15) in expression of a pro-apoptotic regulators involved in a wide variety of cellular activities and activated apoptosis and reduced expression of Bcl-2(15) with function against cell apoptosis.

Further analysis also indicated that solamargine induced apoptotic and suppressible activity against osteosarcoma U2OS cell line was attributed to increase mitochondrial translocation of p53(15), induction of cell death through modulated loss of mitochondrial membrane of cancer cells and cytochrome c release(15) during early stage of apoptosis.

Solamargine also activated the expression of caspase-9(15) which plays a central role of in apoptosis signal transduction, a cascade of biochemical reactions inside the cell in ignition of cell death and the regulation of cancer cell apoptosis and caspase -3, a caspase protein(15) that interacts with caspase-9 and dependent on mitochondrial cytochrome c release(15) in initiation of anti cell proliferation and tumor cell invasion.

Additional differentiation of the effect of p53, researchers found that although P53 may have a profound and positive inhibition of the tested cancer line, but its function also was reduced due to the presence of pifithrin-α(15), and mitochondrial translocation inhibitor pifithrin-μ(15), in inhibition of function of p53-mediated apoptosis, in prevented p53 binding to Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 (15)at the mitochondria ..., thus partially reversing the anti proliferative activity of solamargine.

Dr. Li X(15), the lead scientist said, "(the results finding, indicated that) Solamargine activates the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway in U2OS cells via both p53 transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms".

Although eggplant with abundantly bioactive compounds may be considered as function food in reduced risk and treatment of cancers, however, according to Dr. Shimada A. in an one year (continuous 2 days for 12 months) food surveys held at 5 areas in Japan, the frequency of intake eggplant may associate to increase risk of gastric cancer and gastric cancer mortality rate(7), but may account partly for the geographic variation in gastric cancer mortality in Japan(11).


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources

(1) Glycoalkaloids and metabolites inhibit the growth of human colon (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells by Lee KR1, Kozukue N, Han JS, Park JH, Chang EY, Baek EJ, Chang JS, Friedman M.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibitory effect of delphinidin from Solanum melongena on human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 invasiveness in vitro by Nagase H1, Sasaki K, Kito H, Haga A, Sato T.(PubMed)
(3) Glycoalkaloids and metabolites inhibit the growth of human colon (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells by Lee KR1, Kozukue N, Han JS, Park JH, Chang EY, Baek EJ, Chang JS, Friedman M.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of glycosylation patterns of Chinese eggplant anthocyanins and other derivatives on antioxidant effectiveness in human colon cell lines by Jing P1, Qian B2, Zhao S2, Qi X3, Ye L2, Mónica Giusti M4, Wang X5.(PubMed)
(5) Chemistry and anticarcinogenic mechanisms of glycoalkaloids produced by eggplants, potatoes, and tomatoes by Friedman M1(PubMed)
(6) Pilot study of oral anthocyanins for colorectal cancer chemoprevention by Thomasset S1, Berry DP, Cai H, West K, Marczylo TH, Marsden D, Brown K, Dennison A, Garcea G, Miller A, Hemingway D, Steward WP, Gescher AJ.(PubMed)
(7) [Regional differences in gastric cancer mortality and eating habits of people].[Article in Japanese] by Shimada A.(PubMed)
(8) Dioscin Derived from Solanum melongena L. "Usukawamarunasu" Attenuates α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in B16 Murine Melanoma Cells via Downregulation of Phospho-CREB and MITF by Nishina A1, Ebina K1, Ukiya M1, Fukatsu M1, Koketsu M2, Ninomiya M2, Sato D3, Kimura H4.(PubMed)
(9) Solamargine triggers cellular necrosis selectively in different types of human melanoma cancercells through extrinsic lysosomal mitochondrial death pathway by Al Sinani SS1, Eltayeb EA1, Coomber BL2, Adham SA1.(PubMed)
(10) Glycoalkaloids and metabolites inhibit the growth of human colon (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells by Lee KR1, Kozukue N, Han JS, Park JH, Chang EY, Baek EJ, Chang JS, Friedman M.(PubMed)
(11) Food consumption and gastric cancer mortality in five regions of Japan by Tsubono Y1, Kobayashi M, Tsugane S.(PubMed)
(12) Solasodine, Solamargine and Mixtures of Solasodine Rhamnosides: Pathway to Expansive Clinical Anticancer Therapies Bill E. Cham by International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2017, 8, 692-713
(13) α-Solanine inhibits invasion of human prostate cancer cell by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and MMPs expression by Shen KH1, Liao AC2, Hung JH3, Lee WJ4, Hu KC5, Lin PT6, Liao RF7, Chen PS8.(PubMed)
(14) Solasodine inhibits invasion of human lung cancer cell through downregulation of miR-21 and MMPs expression by Shen KH1, Hung JH2, Chang CW2, Weng YT2, Wu MJ2, Chen PS3.(PubMed)
(15) Solamargine induces apoptosis associated with p53 transcription-dependent and transcription-independent pathways in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells by Li X1, Zhao Y, Wu WK, Liu S, Cui M, Lou H.(PubMed)

Vegetables and Fruits Intake > 9 Servings Daily In Reduced Risk of Pancreatic cancer, Medline Literature Show

Intake of Vegetables and Fruits daily and regularly may reduce risk of pancreatic cancer, some renowned institute studies suggested.


Pancreas cancer is a medical condition characterized by uncontrollable cells growth in the pancreas.
at the late stage, the cancer cells may travel to infect other organs and tissues distanced away from the original site. And it is considered as one of most devastating and rapidly fatal cancer.


According to the statistic, the risk of pancreatic cancer, in population is 1.4% with 44000 new cases
diagnosed every year in US alone.


In the investigate the data of 532 cases of pancreatic cancer, in patients examined between 1995 and 1999 and to clarify the substantial risk of pancreatic cancer, in this group of subjects, the University of California San Franciscoconducted a population-based case-control study to determine the association between vegetables and fruits and pancreatic cancer, with matching 1,701 age- and sex controls. After considering other con founders, researchers filed the following results

1. Intake of more than 9 serving of vegetables and fruit daily showed a substantially reduced risk of pancreatic cancer,in compared to control group.
2. The relative prevalence of pancreatic cancer, was reduced to .49
3. Intake of bean score a highest relative odd ration of .46 in compared to intake of other vegetables and fruits intake group.

Further analysis of the returned questionnaire, researchers also indicated that risk of pancreatic cancer, reduced substantially to group with intake of more than 9 severing daily in compared group consuming less than five servings per day of total vegetables and fruits.

In support of the above differentiation, researchers at the Mayo Clinic, also conducted a study to examine the risk of pancreas cancer in fruit, vegetable, fiber, and grain consumption of 384 rapidly ascertained cases and 983 controls (frequency matched on age (±5 years), race, sex, and residence), after analyzing the returned completed epidemiological surveys and 144-item food frequency questionnaires, researchers, after adjusting for diabetes or total sugar intake, indicated that in compare to highest to lowest quintiles, intake of citrus, melon, and berries, other fruits, dark green vegetables, deep yellow vegetables, tomato, other vegetables, dry bean and pea, insoluble fiber, soluble fiber daily had a strong effect in reduced risk of pancreatic cancer,.

Additionally the study also emphasized that increased intake of non-whole grains product is associated to positive risk of pancreatic cancer development. In other word, lower intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fiber is associated to pancreatic cancer risk.

Although the study did not directly address the health benefits of dried peas in reduced risk of pancreatic cancer, it is safe to suggested that as a member of bean group, dried peas may induce the same relative odd ratio in compare to control.

More interestingly, in a prospective study of fatal pancreas cancer among 34,000 California Seventh-day Adventists between 1976 and 1983(40 deaths from pancreatic cancer, occurred during the follow-up period) to evaluate whether raw fruits and vegetables consumption has been consistently associated with decreased risk of pancreatic cancer,. after analysis the dietary habits and medical history of all the patients record, researchers insisted that
1. Increasing consumption of vegetarian protein products, beans, lentils, and peas as well as dried fruit was associated with highly significant protective relationships to pancreatic cancer, risk.
2. Premedical condition also increase risk of pancreas cancer
3. Patients with history of surgery for peptic or duodenal ulcer were also at risk of pancreatic cancer development.

The findings suggested that regardless to medical condition and prehistory of surgery, intake of vegetables and fruits daily have a profound effect in reduced risk of cancer incidence in compare to non consuming group.

Dr. Mills PK, the lead author said, "the protective relationships associated with frequent consumption of vegetables and fruits high in protease-inhibitor content are more important than any increase in pancreas cancer risk attendant on frequent consumption of meat or other animal products".

Taking altogether, increasing intake of vegetables and fruits and reducing intake of meat and animal product daily are necessary to ensure the less prevalence of risk of pancreatic cancer.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrition), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Vegetable and fruit intake and pancreatic cancer in a population-based case-control study in the San Francisco bay area by Chan JM1, Wang F, Holly EA.(PubMed)
(2) Fruit and vegetable consumption is inversely associated with having pancreaticcancer by Jansen RJ1, Robinson DP, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Bamlet WR, de Andrade M, Oberg AL, Hammer TJ, Rabe KG, Anderson KE, Olson JE, Sinha R, Petersen GM.(PubMed)
(3) Dietary habits and past medical history as related to fatal pancreas cancer risk among Adventists by Mills PK1, Beeson WL, Abbey DE, Fraser GE, Phillips RL.(PubMed)