Most common diseases of 50 plus - Diseases of Central Nervous system(CNS): Dementia - Herbal Treatments: Lemon Balm

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         Diseases of Central Nervous system

                           Dementia

About 5-8% of all people over the age of 65 have some form of dementia, and this number doubles every five years above that age. Dementia is the loss of mental ability, severe enough to interfere with people's every life and Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia in aging people.

V. Treatments
A. In herbal medicine perspective
2.  Lemon balm
Lemon Balm is a perennial plant in the genus Melissa, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, native to southern Europe and the Mediterranean region. The herb has been used in traditional medicine to treat nervous complaints(604), lower abdominal disorders(605) and as anti-inflammatory(608), antivirus(606), antibacterial agent(607).
a. Behavioral and psychological symptoms
According to Newcastle University, lemon balm showed to alleviate behavioral and psychological symptoms in patient with dementia (BPSD)(609), including anxiety(614). Lozenge, containing lavender oil, extracts from hops, lemon balm and oat showed to induce a state of relaxation and regeneration for  better cope with psychological and emotional stress(610)(611) and attenuation of mood and anxiety(612). In behavior symttoms, administraion of combined valerian root and lemon balm extracts, improved symptoms of poor ability to focus decreased from 75% to 14%, hyperactivity from 61% to 13%, and impulsiveness from 59% to 22%  as well as general social behavior, sleep symptoms in children(613). On laboratory-induced psychological stress, the standardized M. officinalis extract, a significant increase in the speed of mathematical processing, with no reduction in accuracy were observed(617).

b. Cognitive performance and mood 
A standardised M. officinalis preparation administered showed significantly in eradicated mood change and cognitive impairment(614), according to joint study lead by Swinburne University. Acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) in highest dose, cognition and mood in  in both Secondary Memory and Working Memory factors(615)(616). The effective of the herb, probably through its function in Modulation of mood and cognitive performance through lowering both nicotinic and muscarinic binding in healthy humans(616). Due to different preparations derived from the same plant species, some researchers suggested that the effectiveness may exhibit different properties depending on the process used for the sample preparation(616).

c. Etc. 

References
(604) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21076869
(605) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19023806
(606) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18693101
(607) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24283351
(608) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22567036
(609) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22070157
(610) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15546807
(611) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15272110
(612) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16444660
(613) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24837472
(614) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25360512
(615) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12062586
(616) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12888775
(617) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15272110