Green Tea and Its Bioactive Polyphenols Inhibit Alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) Deficiency Against the Onset of Fibromyalgia

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reducing onset. progression and treatment of Alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in the induced fibromyalgia, some scientists suggested.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by muscle and soft tissue pain, affecting over 10 million (3.6% of the population) people the in the US alone.

Serum of alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) impregnated in most parts of body circulates in our body in high concentrations with function in the inhibition of the enzymes of inflammatory cells.

Alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic disorder inherited from the parent characterized by of the inability of the body to produce a protein called alpha-1 anti-trypsin (AAT), leading to inflammation of fatty tissue under the skin (subcutaneous), and at other parts of the body, including the joints, the major cause of fibromyalgia.

Additionally, deficiency of AAT enynes also can cause the liver and lung damage, leading to poor function of the organ and increasing the risk of cirrhosis, COPD, liver and lung cancer.

Although the deficiency is presented since birth, most patients with mutated gene do not experience any symptoms until the age of 50 or 60.



According to the statistic, AAT deficiency is one of the most common inherited disorders among Caucasian compared to other race groups.


Approximately over 1% of patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) processes the alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency gene

In the study of the effect of serum of alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) and risk of fibromyalgia (FM), researchers at the Hospital Valle del Nalón found that deficiency of AAT has been found in numbers of patients with fibromyalgia (FM) with severe hereditary.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of these patients revealed significantly greater activity in pain-sensitive areas of the brain in response to cutaneous stimuli, which may be another evidence for a physiological explanation for FM pain.

Furthermore, patients with FM also were found to consist of abnormal profiles of inflammation markers in biopsies analysis.

The results suggested that these patients may have an imbalance level of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory substances, in the soft body tissues caused by alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency.

Due to surprising findings, Dr. Blanco LE, the lead author, after taking into account of other confounders, said, "identification of genetic, familial, and environmental risk factors suspected to participate in the FM syndrome development (may be necessary) to determine the gene frequency of AAT deficiency alleles in FM patients".

Green tea, bioactive polyphenols EGCG, according to the Dr Helieh S in animal model induced by alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) (α1-antitrypsin) deficiency exerted a significant anti-inflammatory effect in inhibited the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway with function in activated proinflammatory factors through the innate immune response involved in pathogen killing, antigen processing and immune cell survival.

Moreover, green tea EGCG application also enhanced antioxidant activity not only through its antioxidant profiles but also stimulated the production of the body natural antioxidants in reduced inflammatory response through nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, observed by Griess reagent and western blotting.

The evidence indicated that green tea EGCG may have a profound effect in reducing serum alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in initiated the onset of fibromyalgia

The above differentiations were supported by the review of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Green Tea Polyphenol, by Dr. Helieh S. Oz at the University of Kentucky Medical Center.

According to the authors, green tea polyphenols are potent antioxidants with important roles in regulating vital signaling pathways in activated inflammatory responses by attenuating nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB IKK, NF-κB in facilitated innate- and adaptive immune responses, cell death and inflammation and cytokines like TNFα, inflammatory markers and cyclooxygenase-2 in elevated symptoms of inflammation and pain.

Dr. Helieh S. in the summary said, "green tea polyphenols (GrTPs) are potent antioxidants with important roles in regulating vital signaling pathways" and "these comprise transcription nuclear factor-kappa B mediated I kappa B kinase complex pathways, programmed cell death pathways like caspases and B-cell lymphoma-2 (through regulating the cytochrome c release from the mitochondria) and intervention with the surge of inflammatory markers like cytokines and production of cyclooxygenase-2"".

Taken together, green tea and its bioactive polyphenols may be considered as a functional food in ameliorated serum alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency effect in initiated the onset of fibromyalgia. However, intake of green tea supplement should be taken with extreme care due to recent medical reports of acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) alpha1-Antitrypsin and fibromyalgia: new data in favour of the inflammatory hypothesis of fibromyalgia by Blanco LE1, de Serres FJ, Fernańdez-Bustillo E, Kassam DA, Arbesú D, Rodríguez C, Torre JC. (PubMed)
(3) Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Green Tea Polyphenols by Helieh S. Oz(PubMed Central Canada)