The immune system included the thymus and bone marrow, as well as secondary lymphatic tissues including spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, adenoids, skin, and liver, is the body's defense against infectious organisms and foreign invaders.
The immune dysfunction can be classified into
* The underactive immune system is also known as the weakened immune system. People with the underactive immune system are susceptible to infection, recurrent infections.
* The overactive immune system is also known as autoimmune diseases. In this case, patients suffer diseases associated with the immune system that attacks the body tissues.
The immunomodulatory effect is a process in which the immune function is modulated to the needs of the body.
In the acute phase of infection, the immune macrophages, the first line of defense stimulates the production of blood palette to cover the wound or injury and pro-inflammatory cytokines to the site of infection to kill off pathogens before they can enter the body to multiply.
Most cases of infection are stopped at the acute phase, depending on the size and penetration of the wound.
The most common symptoms of acute inflammation occurred with a short period of time such as hours is pain, redness, immobility, swelling, and heat.
Conventionally, depending on the types of acute inflammation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to alleviate the pain by counteracting an enzyme that contributes to inflammation.
However, if the immune system for whatever reason such as in people with a weakened immune system can not destroy the foreign invaders in the set period of time (3-8 weeks), it will adapt to the new change, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation.
Low-grade inflammation over time has been found to destroy cells and tissues in the affected area or organ, inducing chronic inflammatory disease, including diabetes, arthritis, and cardiovascular disease.
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.
Ashwagandha also is known as Withania somnifera is a nightshade plant in the genus of Withania, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, Middle East, and the Mediterranean.
The herbal medicine has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss, and ulcers and considered as anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging herbal medicine.
On finding a potent compound that modulatory immune response, researchers examined the ashwagandha WS immunomodulatory effect.
According to the searching of the related studies and trials on Databases- DPED, UNPD, PubChem, Binding DB, ChEMBL, KEGG, and STRING, WS immune showed an immunomodulatory capability of regulating 15 immune system pathways.
Additionally, WS also exerted the immunomodulatory effect by targeting16 proteins and protein-protein interactions.
Chemical analysis also suggested that the efficacy WS in immunomodulation was also attributed to
the potential of withanolide-phytosterol combination and seven novel bioactive-immune target combinations.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "The study elucidated an in silico molecular mechanism of immunomodulation of WS. It unveils the potential of withanolide-phytosterol combination to achieve better immunomodulation. Experimental validation of the network findings would aid in understanding the rationale behind WS immunomodulation as well as aid in bioactive formulation based drug discovery.".
Taken altogether, Ashwagandha may be considered a functional herb for immune-modulation, pending to the result of larger sample size and multicenter study
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Network ethnopharmacological evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of Withania somnifera by Chandran U1, Patwardhan B. (PubMed)
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