Thursday, March 24, 2016

Most Common Diseases of elder: Respiratory Pleural disease: Pleural effusion treatment Pleural effusion Caused by Congestive heart failure

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                                          Respiratory Disease

Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing , etc,.

                   Pleural disease: Pleural effusion

The pleura is a thin tissue covered by a layer of cells (mesothelial cells) that surrounds the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall.
Pleural effusion is a condition of collection of fluid within the pleural cavity as a result of heart failure, bleeding (hemothorax), infections, excessive or decreased fluid volume, etc.

                                   The Treatment

B.6.1. Treatments in conventional medicine perspective
Treatments in conventional medicine perspective are depending to the underlined causes of the diseases with an aim to produce enough oxygen to the lung for the body to function.

Pleural effusion Caused by Congestive heart failure
Congestive heart failure is a condition of which the heart can’t pump enough blood to the body’s needs.
1. Nonsurgical treatment
1.1. Medication
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is a well-established therapeutic target in the treatment of heart failure (HF). Substantial advances have been made with existing agents-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II-receptor blockers (ARBs), and mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists (MRAs)-and new data continue to emerge. According to teh study by the Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, ARBs have been shown to be a beneficial alternative to ACE inhibitors in HFrEF, but their value when added to ACE inhibitors has been questioned. Upstream, direct renin blockade with aliskiren is being pursued in two large trials of HF, despite the premature halting of a third study. A substantial, unmet need remains in patients who have HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)(70).
2. Surgical treatments
2.1. Implantation of medical devices
a. Ventricular assist device (VAD).
Ventricular assist devices (VADs) have become an established therapeutic option for patients with end-stage heart failure. There is a reprot of six cases of VAD patients with clinical presentation of heart failure at different times after implantation and describe the mechanisms involved(71)
b. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device (biventricular cardiac pacemaker).
In the study to elucidate the role of nuclear medicine imaging in the selection of candidates for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and in the evaluation of CRT effectiveness of a total of 28 patients (19 male and 9 female) with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and heart failure (HF), found that all patients after CRT were divided into three groups. The first group included 10 patients with LVEF increased by more than 10 % (hyperresponders), the 2nd group included 11 patients with an increase in EF of more than 5 % but less than 10 % (responders) and third group consisted of 7 males whose LVEF remained unchanged or worsened compared with pre-operative values (nonresponders). Prior to CRT, no statistically significant differences were found between groups in hemodynamic parameters (EF, EDV, ESV, SV), intra- and interventricular dyssynchrony, as well as in the midsize of perfusion defects. Following long-term CRT, we found increase in LVEF and decrease in average size of perfusion defects in groups of hyperresponders and responders (p < 0.05). Results of SPECT with 123I-BMIPP, performed prior to CRT, showed that nonresponders had more pronounced disturbance of myocardial metabolism compared with the group of hyperresponders (20 vs. 14.7 %, p < 0.05)(72).
c. Internal cardiac defibrillator (ICD)
The Kalmar County Hospita, presented a case report and a selective review of pertinent literature retrieved by a PubMed search, including two up-to-date consensus documents. One-third to two-thirds of all ICD patients receive defibrillation therapy in the final days of their lives. Patients and their physicians rarely discuss deactivating the ICD. Automatic defibrillation therapy in a terminally ill patient with an ICD is painful and distressing, serves no medical purpose, and should be avoided. This issue should be discussed with ICD patients and their families. Institutions caring for terminally ill patients, as well as cardiology units where ICD patients are treated, should develop ethically and legally well-founded protocols for dealing with the question of ICD deactivation(73).
d. Rotary blood pumps
Rotary blood pumps are increasingly recognized as mainstream therapy for severely symptomatic heart failure. Carefully targeted refinements in patient selection and postoperative care have substantially reduced the adverse event burden. The Oxford University Hospitals Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, suggested that It should focus on the choice between pump versus palliative care for the thousands of patients of all age groups who are judged ineligible for transplantation. Comprehensive healthcare systems must consider contemporary evidence and provide the most symptomatic of heart failure patients with effective care(74).
2.2. Surgical treatments
a. Heart valve repair or replacement.
The aim of the surgery is to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life of patients with congestive heart failure. In the study to o describe the pathophysiology of functional tricuspid regurgitation, summarize the current reports favoring a more aggressive approach toward tricuspid valve surgery, and discuss the emerging role of tricuspid valve annuloplasty with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, found that the presence of significant tricuspid regurgitation, whether in the context of mitral valve disease or heart failure, should no longer be treated with 'surgical abstention'. Whether the surgical correction of tricuspid regurgitation in left heart disease can definitively improve clinical outcomes should be addressed by prospective clinical trials(75). Other in the study to evaluate the long-term (5-year) safety and efficacy of mitral valve surgery with and without the CorCap cardiac support device (Acorn Cardiovascular, St Paul, Minn) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and New York Heart Association class II-IV heart failure, indicated that the data provide evidence supporting mitral valve repair in combination with the Acorn CorCap device for patients with nonischemic heart failure with severe left ventricular dysfunction who have been medically optimized yet remain symptomatic with significant mitral regurgitation(76).
b. Coronary bypass surgery
According to the study by the University of California, in the study to quantify the effects of a novel implantable hydrogel (Algisyl-LVR™) treatment in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting (i.e. Algisyl-LVR™+CABG) on both LV function and wall stress in heart failure patients. The data supportedthe novel concept that Algisyl-LVR™+CABG treatment leads to decreased myofiber stress, restored LV geometry and improved function(77)..
c. Heart transplant
Only for patients with severe congestive heart failure and other treatments have failed. According to the Ohio State University, Columbus, Avoidance of the clinical syndrome of acute right-sided heart failure after heart transplantation is, unfortunately, not possible. Clinical experience and the literature certainly suggest that a significant factor in the successful management of right ventricular (RV) failure is recipient selection. Moreover, threshold hemodynamic values beyond which RV failure is certain to occur and heart transplantation is contraindicated do not exist.Only through careful preoperative planning can this life-threatening condition be managed in the postoperative period(78).
d. Myectomy
Patient with blockage that occurs in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may meed myectomy, if all medication have failed. There is a report of a 38-year-old woman of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy, HOCM complicated with lung edema and cardiac arrest due to acute left heart failure. Intraventricular pressure gradient showed 125 mmHg in previous study, and echocardiogram demonstrated evidences suggestive of terminal-staged HOCM. After unsuccessful attempts of intravenous propranolol administration, emergency myectomy of left ventricular outflow tract was carried out. Postoperative course was uneventful, and intraventricular pressure gradient was relieved. The patient is now asymptomatic without medication after 1 years of operation. This case suggests that emergency myectomy may be a choice to relieve refractory congestive heart failure in patient with HOCM(79). 

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Wednesday, March 23, 2016

The Smoothie of Green tea, Tomato and Blueberry for Prevention and Treatment of acute kidney failure in Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The smoothie for prevention and treatment of Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency(acute kidney failure)
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)

1/2 cup Tomato
1 cup blueberry
1 cup green tea drink (Make from 4 grams of green tea, a slice of ginger and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and let cool to room temperature)

1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately

The finding of a natural source for treatment of Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency has been running into many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially with promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in large sample size and mutli centers human trials.

Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency is an inherited metabolic disorder associated to excessive production of 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA), affecting the kidneys and urinary tract.
According to the study led by the University of Iceland, Progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) episodes are major features of APRT deficiency, whereas kidney stone is the most common presentation(12).

Acute kidney failure is the rapid (less than 2 days) loss of your kidney function in removed waste and  balanced fluids and electrolytes in your body. According to the Vrije Universiteit Brussel and Academic Hospital of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, the progression of acute kidney failure also altered antioxidant defense in mouse adriamycin model(1), due to increased oxidative stress(2).

Recent studies back by well known institutions proposed, Green tea, Tomato and Blueberry may be the next generation of natural ingredients for prevention and treatment of acute kidney failure in Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency.

Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Due to its commercial values and health effects, green tea now has been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate. According to the study led by the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major component of the polyphenolic fraction of green tea, ameliorated (Acute kidney failure) AKI in a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model of diabetic rats through antioxidative properties(3).
In a small piglet model of extracorporeal circulation, the phytochemical also exhibited reno protective effects through its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and NO-scavenging properties(4).
Dr. Nasri H and professors led by the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences said," beneficial property of green tea, against renal toxicity of contrast media was observed. Green tea extract is an inexpensive, nontoxic, and effective treatment modality in individuals with a risk for acute kidney injury of contrast media"(5).

Resveratrol, a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly grape and blueberry also
exhibited anti acute kidney diseases by prevented endotoxin-induced disruption of endothelial cell permeability and inhibited inflammation of kidney tissue(6).
According to the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, resveratrol reduced the mortality rate of patients who develop acute kidney injury during sepsis through improvement in capillary perfusion and increased renal blood flow and the glomerular filtration rate without raising systemic pressure(7).
Dr. Kim DH and colleagues at the Chonbuk National University said, " Resveratrol expressed modulation of p53 (antigen), by SIRT1 (in several separated cellular functions), could be a possible target to attenuate cisplatin-induced kidney injury"(8).

Lycopene found abundantly in tomato, a derivative of carotenoids also expressed nephroprotective effect against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats, according to the Firat University(9).
The Federal University of Santa Maria study, proposed " lycopene could plays a beneficial role in acute renal failure against HgCl(2) toxicity by preventing lipid peroxidation and changes in the activity of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase and antioxidant enzymes"(10).
Dr. Ateşşahin A and colleagues in the investigation of the possible protective role of antioxidant treatment with lycopene on cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity using biochemical and histopatological approaches found that natural antioxidant lycopene might have protective effect against cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat(11).

The effectiveness of  Green tea, Tomato and Blueberry may serve as cornerstones of pharmaceutical target for further studies in production of a potential medication for reduced risk, complications and treatment of Acute kidney failure in Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiencywith little or no adverse effects.

People who are at high risk of Acute kidney failure in Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency due to aging, weaken reno function... should drink at least one serving daily and women with Acute kidney failure in Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency should drink no more than 4 servings daily, depending to digestive toleration.

Life style and diet pattern change are necessary.


References
(1) Altered antioxidant defense in a mouse adriamycin model of glomerulosclerosis by Deman A1, Ceyssens B, Pauwels M, Zhang J, Houte KV, Verbeelen D, Van den Branden C.(PubMed)
(2) Increased oxidative stress in the mouse adriamycin model of glomerulosclerosis is accompanied by deposition of ferric iron and altered GGT activity in renal cortex by Ceyssens B1, Pauwels M, Meulemans B, Verbeelen D, Van den Branden C.(PubMed)
(3) Green Tea Polyphenol Prevents Diabetic Rats From Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass by Funamoto M1, Masumoto H1, Takaori K2, Taki T1, Setozaki S1, Yamazaki K1, Minakata K1, Ikeda T3, Hyon SH4, Sakata R1.(PubMed)
(4) Reno-protective effects of epigallocatechingallate in a small piglet model of extracorporeal circulation by Twal M1, Kiefer P, Salameh A, Schnabel J, Ossmann S, von Salisch S, Krämer K, Sobiraj A, Kostelka M, Mohr FW, Dhein S.(PubMed)
(5) A biochemical study on ameliorative effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract against contrast media induced acute kidney injury by Nasri H1, Ahmadi A2, Baradaran A3, Nasri P4, Hajian S4, Pour-Arian A4, Kohi G5, Rafieian-Kopaei M5.(PubMed)
(6) Resveratrol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing inflammation driven by macrophages by Chen L1, Yang S, Zumbrun EE, Guan H, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M.(PubMed)
(7) Resveratrol improves renal microcirculation, protects the tubular epithelium, and prolongs survival in a mouse model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by Holthoff JH1, Wang Z, Seely KA, Gokden N, Mayeux PR.(PubMed)
(8) SIRT1 activation by resveratrol ameliorates cisplatin-induced renal injury through deacetylation of p53 by Kim DH1, Jung YJ, Lee JE, Lee AS, Kang KP, Lee S, Park SK, Han MK, Lee SY, Ramkumar KM, Sung MJ, Kim W.(PubMed)
(9) Effect of lycopene against cisplatin-induced acute renal injury in rats: organic anion and cation transporters evaluation by Erman F1, Tuzcu M, Orhan C, Sahin N, Sahin K.(PubMed)
(10) Effect of lycopene on nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride in rats by Augusti PR1, Conterato GM, Somacal S, Einsfeld L, Ramos AT, Hosomi FY, Graça DL, Emanuelli T.(PubMed)
(11) Lycopene, a carotenoid, attenuates cyclosporine-induced renal dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats by Ateşşahin A1, Ceribaşi AO, Yilmaz S.(PubMed)
(12) Kidney Disease in Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency. by Runolfsdottir HL1, Palsson R2, Agustsdottir IM3, Indridason OS4, Edvardsson VO5.(PubMed)

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Most Common Diseases of elder: Respiratory Pleural disease: Pleural effusion - The Antioxidants

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                                          Respiratory Disease

Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing , etc,.

                   Pleural disease: Pleural effusion

The pleura is a thin tissue covered by a layer of cells (mesothelial cells) that surrounds the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall.
Pleural effusion is a condition of collection of fluid within the pleural cavity as a result of heart failure, bleeding (hemothorax), infections, excessive or decreased fluid volume, etc.

                             The Antioxidants 

a. Matonon
In the study to evaluate the Oxidative stress of thirty-six consecutive patients with clinically stable moderate to very severe COPD (30 men; mean±S.D.=66.6±7.8yr) randomized to receive 3mg melatonin (N=18) or placebo for 3 months found that dyspnea was improved by melatonin (P=0.01), despite no significant changes in lung function or exercise capacity(65).

b. Resveratrol
According to the study bythe John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Antioxidants provide protection against the damaging effects of oxidative stress and thus may be useful in the management of inflammatory airways disease. Resveratrol, a polyphenol that demonstrates both antioxidative and anti-inflammatory functions, has been shown to improve outcomes in a variety of diseases(66).

c. Vitamin C
Although many epidemiological studies indicate protective effect of vitamin C against a variety of human malignancies its mechanism(s) of action is questionable, the presented results show that the part of its effect may be accomplished by mononuclear cells, as necessary participants in body defence. Namely, in a long-term in vitro assay we tested vitamin C influence on random migration ability of malignant pleural effusion mononuclears (PEM) obtained from breast cancer patients. Vitamin C in a dose- (50-500 micrograms) and time-dependent (4-44 h) manner inhibited PEM motility, suggesting that immobilization of cells in situ may contribute to its beneficial effect in human cancers, according to the Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Belgrade(67)

d. L-Arginine
According to the study by Hôpital Cochin, Paris, in the study to assess the vNO generation in the course of two acute, non immune, inflammatory reactions (pleurisy induced by rat isologous serum and carrageenan) by means of nitrite measurement in pleural exudate from 0.5 to 24 h, indicated that NO release varied time-dependently, similarly for the two inflammatory reactions. A first, but transient, peak was reached in 30 min while a second peak, more sustained, began at the fourth hour and was maximum at the tenth. Kinetic evolution of NO release was consistent with activation, in a first step, of a constitutive NO synthase probably from endothelial origin (inhibited by 2-Methyl-2-Thiopseudourea sulfate but not by dexamethasone) and with activation, in a second wave, of inducible NOS from endothelial and exudative cells. NO release was potentiated by administration per os of L-Arginine and seems to be involved in the evolution of acute inflammatory reactions and oxygen metabolite production(68).

e. Other antioxidants
According to the study by the University of Rochester Medical Center, antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory agents such as thiol molecules (glutathione and mucolytic drugs, such as N-acetyl-L-cysteine and N-acystelyn), dietary polyphenol (curcumin-diferuloylmethane, a principal component of turmeric), resveratrol (a flavanoid found in red wine), green tea (theophylline and epigallocatechin-3- gallate), ergothioneine (xanthine and peroxynitrite inhibitor), quercetin, erdosteine and carbocysteine lysine salt, have been reported to control NF-kappaB activation, regulation of glutathione biosynthesis genes, chromatin remodeling and hence inflammatory gene expression. Specific spin traps such as alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone, a catalytic antioxidant (ECSOD mimetic), manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (N,N’-diethyl-1,3-imidazolium-2-yl) porphyrin (AEOL 10150 and AEOL 10113), and a SOD mimetic M40419 have also been reported to inhibit cigarette smoke-induced inflammatory responses in vivo(69). 

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Tuesday, March 22, 2016

The Smoothie of Green Tea, Tomato and Blueberry for reduced risk and treatment of Acute kidney failure in Analgesic Nephropathy

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The smoothie for prevention and treatment of  Acute kidney failure in Analgesic Nephropathy 
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)

1/2 cup tomato
1 cup blueberry
1 cup green tea drink (Make from 4 grams of green tea, a slice of ginger and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and let cool to room temperature)

1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately

The finding of a natural source for treatment of Acute kidney failure in Analgesic Nephropathy has been running into many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially with promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in large sample size and mutli centers human trials.

 Analgesic nephropathy is several kidney diseases caused by analgesic medications such as aspirin, phenacetin, and paracetamol.
Acute kidney failure is the rapid (less than 2 days) loss of your kidney function in removed waste and  balanced fluids and electrolytes in your body. According to the Vrije Universiteit Brussel and Academic Hospital of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, the progression of acute kidney failure also altered antioxidant defense in mouse adriamycin model(1), due to increased oxidative stress(2).

Recent studies back by well known institutions proposed, Green tea, Olive and Grape Juice may be the next generation of natural ingredients for prevention and treatment of Acute kidney failure in Analgesic Nephropathy

Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Due to its commercial values and health effects, green tea now has been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate. According to the study led by the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major component of the polyphenolic fraction of green tea, ameliorated (Acute kidney failure) AKI in a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model of diabetic rats through antioxidative properties(3).
In a small piglet model of extracorporeal circulation, the phytochemical also exhibited reno protective effects through its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and NO-scavenging properties(4).
Dr. Nasri H and professors led by the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences said," beneficial property of green tea, against renal toxicity of contrast media was observed. Green tea extract is an inexpensive, nontoxic, and effective treatment modality in individuals with a risk for acute kidney injury of contrast media"(5).

Resveratrol, a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly grape and blueberry also
exhibited anti acute kidney diseases by prevented endotoxin-induced disruption of endothelial cell permeability and inhibited inflammation of kidney tissue(6).
According to the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, resveratrol reduced the mortality rate of patients who develop acute kidney injury during sepsis through improvement in capillary perfusion and increased renal blood flow and the glomerular filtration rate without raising systemic pressure(7).
Dr. Kim DH and colleagues at the Chonbuk National University said, " Resveratrol expressed modulation of p53 (antigen), by SIRT1 (in several separated cellular functions), could be a possible target to attenuate cisplatin-induced kidney injury"(8).

Lycopene found abundantly in tomato, a derivative of carotenoids also expressed nephroprotective effect against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats, according to the Firat University(9).
The Federal University of Santa Maria study, proposed " lycopene could plays a beneficial role in acute renal failure against HgCl(2) toxicity by preventing lipid peroxidation and changes in the activity of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase and antioxidant enzymes"(10).
Dr. Ateşşahin A and colleagues in the investigation of the possible protective role of antioxidant treatment with lycopene on cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity using biochemical and histopatological approaches found that natural antioxidant lycopene might have protective effect against cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat(11).

The effectiveness of  Green tea, Tomato and Blueberry may serve as cornerstones of pharmaceutical target for further studies in production of a potential medication for reduced risk, complications and treatment of Acute kidney failure in Analgesic Nephropathy with little or no adverse effects.

People who are at high risk of Acute kidney failure in Analgesic Nephropathy due to aging, weaken reno function... should drink at least one serving daily and women with Acute kidney failure in Analgesic Nephropathy should drink no more than 4 servings daily, depending to digestive toleration.

Life style and diet pattern change are necessary.


References
(1) Altered antioxidant defense in a mouse adriamycin model of glomerulosclerosis by Deman A1, Ceyssens B, Pauwels M, Zhang J, Houte KV, Verbeelen D, Van den Branden C.(PubMed)
(2) Increased oxidative stress in the mouse adriamycin model of glomerulosclerosis is accompanied by deposition of ferric iron and altered GGT activity in renal cortex by Ceyssens B1, Pauwels M, Meulemans B, Verbeelen D, Van den Branden C.(PubMed)
(3) Green Tea Polyphenol Prevents Diabetic Rats From Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass by Funamoto M1, Masumoto H1, Takaori K2, Taki T1, Setozaki S1, Yamazaki K1, Minakata K1, Ikeda T3, Hyon SH4, Sakata R1.(PubMed)
(4) Reno-protective effects of epigallocatechingallate in a small piglet model of extracorporeal circulation by Twal M1, Kiefer P, Salameh A, Schnabel J, Ossmann S, von Salisch S, Krämer K, Sobiraj A, Kostelka M, Mohr FW, Dhein S.(PubMed)
(5) A biochemical study on ameliorative effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract against contrast media induced acute kidney injury by Nasri H1, Ahmadi A2, Baradaran A3, Nasri P4, Hajian S4, Pour-Arian A4, Kohi G5, Rafieian-Kopaei M5.(PubMed)
(6) Resveratrol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing inflammation driven by macrophages by Chen L1, Yang S, Zumbrun EE, Guan H, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M.(PubMed)
(7) Resveratrol improves renal microcirculation, protects the tubular epithelium, and prolongs survival in a mouse model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by Holthoff JH1, Wang Z, Seely KA, Gokden N, Mayeux PR.(PubMed)
(8) SIRT1 activation by resveratrol ameliorates cisplatin-induced renal injury through deacetylation of p53 by Kim DH1, Jung YJ, Lee JE, Lee AS, Kang KP, Lee S, Park SK, Han MK, Lee SY, Ramkumar KM, Sung MJ, Kim W.(PubMed)
(9) Effect of lycopene against cisplatin-induced acute renal injury in rats: organic anion and cation transporters evaluation by Erman F1, Tuzcu M, Orhan C, Sahin N, Sahin K.(PubMed)
(10) Effect of lycopene on nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride in rats by Augusti PR1, Conterato GM, Somacal S, Einsfeld L, Ramos AT, Hosomi FY, Graça DL, Emanuelli T.(PubMed)
(11) Lycopene, a carotenoid, attenuates cyclosporine-induced renal dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats by Ateşşahin A1, Ceribaşi AO, Yilmaz S.(PubMed)
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Most Common Diseases of elder: Respiratory Pleural disease: Pleural effusion - The Phytochemicals

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                                          Respiratory Disease

Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing , etc,.

                   Pleural disease: Pleural effusion

The pleura is a thin tissue covered by a layer of cells (mesothelial cells) that surrounds the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall.
Pleural effusion is a condition of collection of fluid within the pleural cavity as a result of heart failure, bleeding (hemothorax), infections, excessive or decreased fluid volume, etc.

                        The Phytochemicals 

a. Epigallo-catechin-galleate (EGCG)
According to the study by the Harvard Medical School, Boston, EGCG abundantly in green tea, has great potential in ameliorating the development of obliterative airway disease(61).

b. Catechin polyphenols (GTPs)
Other study indicated that oral green tea catechin polyphenols (GTPs) attenuates IH-induced spatial learning deficits and mitigates IH-induced oxidative stress through multiple beneficial effects on oxidant pathways(62).

c. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane)
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is an orange-yellow component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), a spice often found in curry powder. According to the study by, curcumin has been shown in the last two decades to be a potent immunomodulatory agent that can modulate the activation of T cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. Curcumin can also downregulate the expression of various proinflammatory cytokines including TNF, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and chemokines, most likely through inactivation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. Interestingly, however, curcumin at low doses can also enhance antibody responses(63).

d. Ursolic acid, betulin
In the study to investigate whether ursolic acid, betulin and 2 kinds of sulfur-containing compounds–NAC and MESNA–affect mucin release from airway goblet cells and compared the possible activities of these agents with the inhibitory action on mucin release by PLL and the stimulatory action by ATP, showed that ursolic acid and betulin can stimulate mucin release by directly acting on airway mucin-secreting cells and suggest that these agents be further investigated for the possible use as mucoregulators in the treatment of chronic airway diseases(64).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Sources
(61) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21787235
(62) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18276944
(63) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17211725
(64) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15643543
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The Best Smoothie of Grape, Cinnamon and Cornus fruit juice, for prevention and Treatment of Glomerular Diseases

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The smoothie for prevention and treatment of  Glomerular Diseases
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
1 1/2 cups grape
1/2 tsp cinnamon
1 cup Cornus fruit juice

1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately

Glomerular Diseases, also known as glomerular nephritis are progressive kidney diseases caused by several factors, including medication, infection, diseases,.... induced inflammation either of the glomeruli or of the small blood vessels in the kidneys... , affecting the normal functions of kidney.

The finding of a natural source for treatment of Glomerular Diseases  has been running into many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially with promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in large sample size and mutli centers human trials.

Recent studies back by well known institutions proposed, Cornus fruit juice, Olive and Grape Juice may be the next generation of natural ingredients for prevention and treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases(CKD).

Shan Zhu Yu is also known as Cornus fruit. The sour, acrid, slightly warm, not toxic herb has been used in TCM to tonify liver and kidney meridians and to  treat impotence, spermatozoa, instant sweating, sore or week knees,...... According to the joint study conducted by Anhui Medical University, cornus fruit effectively treat diabetic nephropathy and related kidney diseases, through its antioxidants loganin and derivatives(1).

Dr. Xu H and professors at the Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, in the study of the protective effects of morroniside and loganin extrac
ted from Cornus officinalis, suggested, the phytochemicals altered renal mesangial cell (MCs) growth, a feature of early stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) through regulating cycle arrest of MC growth by preventing oxidative stress(2).

Furthermore, morroniside also exhibited anti renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, by inhibiting hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, according to the study by University of Toyama, Toyama(3).

Cinnamon, a traditional spice and medicine in China, is used to treat diseases resulted from kidney yang deficiency, including diabetic nephropathy(4). According to the National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India, procyanidin-B2 (PCB2), the active component from cinnamon inhibited advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) accumulation in diabetic rat kidney and ameliorated AGE mediated pathogenesis of DN.(5).
According to Dr. Mishra A and researchers at the Guru Nanak Dev University, cinnamaldehyde isolated from cinnamon, expressed significant protection against alloxan-induced renal damage, and induced maximum decrease in fasting blood glucose at the dose of 20 mg/kg(6).

Resveratrol, a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in blueberry and grape, exhibited kidney protective effect against long-term diabetic complications by significant inhibition of AGEs formation(7).
According to the study by Dr. Albertoni G and Dr. Schor N said, " RES can ameliorate several types of renal injury in animal models, including diabetic nephropathy, hyperuricemic, drug-induced injury, aldosterone-induced injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, sepsis-related injury, and endothelial dysfunction"(8).
Furthermore, the antioxidant also exhibited renoprotective activity against diabetic nephropathy, through anti high glucose-induced EMT involved developmental processes neural tube formation via inhibition of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK1/2 pathway in modulated the ROS expression(9).

The effectiveness of  grape, Cinnamon and Cornus fruit juice may serve as cornerstones of pharmaceutical target for further studies in production of a potential medication for reduced risk, complications and treatment of Glomerular Diseases with little or no adverse effects.

People who are at high risk of Glomerular Diseases due to aging, weaken reno function... should drink at least one serving daily and women with Glomerular Diseases should drink no more than 4 servings daily, depending to digestive toleration.

Life style and diet pattern change are necessary.


References
(1) Bioactive compounds from Cornus officinalis fruits and their effects on diabetic nephropathy.
 by Ma W1, Wang KJ2, Cheng CS2, Yan GQ2, Lu WL1, Ge JF1, Cheng YX3, Li N4.(PubMed)
(2) Morroniside and loganin extracted from Cornus officinalis have protective effects on rat mesangial cell proliferation exposed to advanced glycation end products by preventing oxidative stress by Xu H1, Shen J, Liu H, Shi Y, Li L, Wei M.(PubMed)
(3) Protective effects of morroniside isolated from Corni Fructus against renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats byYokozawa T1, Yamabe N, Kim HY, Kang KS, Hur JM, Park CH, Tanaka T.(PubMed)
(4) Anti-diabetic nephropathy compounds from Cinnamomum cassia by Yan YM1, Fang P2, Yang MT2, Li N3, Lu Q3, Cheng YX4.(PubMed)
(5) Effect of cinnamon and its procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction on diabetic nephropathy in rats. by Muthenna P1, Raghu G1, Kumar PA1, Surekha MV1, Reddy GB2.(PubMed)
(6) Ameliorative effect of the cinnamon oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum upon early stage diabetic nephropathy by Mishra A1, Bhatti R, Singh A, Singh Ishar MP.(PubMed)
(7) Therapeutic potential of resveratrol in diabetic complications: In vitro and in vivo studies by Ciddi V1, Dodda D2.(PubMed)
(8) Resveratrol plays important role in protective mechanisms in renal disease--mini-review [Article in English, Portuguese] by Albertoni G1, Schor N1.(PubMed)
(9) Resveratrol prevents high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK pathway by He T1, Guan X1, Wang S2, Xiao T1, Yang K1, Xu X1, Wang J2, Zhao J3.(PubMed)
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Most Common Diseases of elder: Respiratory Pleural disease: Pleural effusion - The Diet

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                                          Respiratory Disease

Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing , etc,.

                   Pleural disease: Pleural effusion

The pleura is a thin tissue covered by a layer of cells (mesothelial cells) that surrounds the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall.
Pleural effusion is a condition of collection of fluid within the pleural cavity as a result of heart failure, bleeding (hemothorax), infections, excessive or decreased fluid volume, etc.


                                           The Diet 

Green tea, turmeric and grape seek and skin contain powerful natural sources of antioxidants in targeting oxidative stress with antioxidants or boosting the endogenous levels of antioxidants is likely to be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory repiratory diseases. Accoding to the study by the dietary polyphenols (curcumin, resveratrol, green tea, catechins/quercetin), have been reported to control nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation, regulation of glutathione biosynthesis genes, chromatin remodeling, and hence inflammatory gene expression(59).
Other study also indicated that Turmeric is known for its multiple health restoring properties, and has been used in treating several diseases including several respiratory disorders. Turmeric is a common spice used in the culinary preparations in South and East Asian countries. The active component of turmeric is curcumin, a polyphenolic phytochemical, with anti-inflammatory, antiamyloid, antiseptic, antitumor, and antioxidative properties(60). 

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

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