The Best Smoothie of Grape, Cinnamon and Cornus fruit juice, for prevention and Treatment of Glomerular Diseases

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.

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The smoothie for prevention and treatment of  Glomerular Diseases

Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)

1 1/2 cups grape
1/2 tsp cinnamon
1 cup Cornus fruit juice

1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute

2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.

3. Serve immediately

Glomerular Diseases, also known as glomerular nephritis are progressive kidney diseases caused by several factors, including medication, infection, diseases,.... induced inflammation either of the glomeruli or of the small blood vessels in the kidneys... , affecting the normal functions of kidney.

The finding of a natural source for treatment of Glomerular Diseases  has been running into many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially with promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in large sample size and mutli centers human trials.

Recent studies back by well known institutions proposed, Cornus fruit juice, Olive and Grape Juice may be the next generation of natural ingredients for prevention and treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases(CKD).

Shan Zhu Yu is also known as Cornus fruit. The sour, acrid, slightly warm, not toxic herb has been used in TCM to tonify liver and kidney meridians and to  treat impotence, spermatozoa, instant sweating, sore or week knees,...... According to the joint study conducted by Anhui Medical University, cornus fruit effectively treat diabetic nephropathy and related kidney diseases, through its antioxidants loganin and derivatives(1).

Dr. Xu H and professors at the Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, in the study of the protective effects of morroniside and loganin extrac

ted from Cornus officinalis, suggested, the phytochemicals altered renal mesangial cell (MCs) growth, a feature of early stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) through regulating cycle arrest of MC growth by preventing oxidative stress(2).

Furthermore, morroniside also exhibited anti renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, by inhibiting hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, according to the study by University of Toyama, Toyama(3).

Cinnamon, a traditional spice and medicine in China, is used to treat diseases resulted from kidney yang deficiency, including diabetic nephropathy(4). According to the National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India, procyanidin-B2 (PCB2), the active component from cinnamon inhibited advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) accumulation in diabetic rat kidney and ameliorated AGE mediated pathogenesis of DN.(5).

According to Dr. Mishra A and researchers at the Guru Nanak Dev University, cinnamaldehyde isolated from cinnamon, expressed significant protection against alloxan-induced renal damage, and induced maximum decrease in fasting blood glucose at the dose of 20 mg/kg(6).

Resveratrol, a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in blueberry and grape, exhibited kidney protective effect against long-term diabetic complications by significant inhibition of AGEs formation(7).

According to the study by Dr. Albertoni G and Dr. Schor N said, " RES can ameliorate several types of renal injury in animal models, including diabetic nephropathy, hyperuricemic, drug-induced injury, aldosterone-induced injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, sepsis-related injury, and endothelial dysfunction"(8).

Furthermore, the antioxidant also exhibited renoprotective activity against diabetic nephropathy, through anti high glucose-induced EMT involved developmental processes neural tube formation via inhibition of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK1/2 pathway in modulated the ROS expression(9).

The effectiveness of  grape, Cinnamon and Cornus fruit juice may serve as cornerstones of pharmaceutical target for further studies in production of a potential medication for reduced risk, complications and treatment of Glomerular Diseases with little or no adverse effects.

People who are at high risk of Glomerular Diseases due to aging, weaken reno function... should drink at least one serving daily and women with Glomerular Diseases should drink no more than 4 servings daily, depending to digestive toleration.

Life style and diet pattern change are necessary.

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References
(1) Bioactive compounds from Cornus officinalis fruits and their effects on diabetic nephropathy.
 by Ma W1, Wang KJ2, Cheng CS2, Yan GQ2, Lu WL1, Ge JF1, Cheng YX3, Li N4.(PubMed)

(2) Morroniside and loganin extracted from Cornus officinalis have protective effects on rat mesangial cell proliferation exposed to advanced glycation end products by preventing oxidative stress by Xu H1, Shen J, Liu H, Shi Y, Li L, Wei M.(PubMed)

(3) Protective effects of morroniside isolated from Corni Fructus against renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats byYokozawa T1, Yamabe N, Kim HY, Kang KS, Hur JM, Park CH, Tanaka T.(PubMed)

(4) Anti-diabetic nephropathy compounds from Cinnamomum cassia by Yan YM1, Fang P2, Yang MT2, Li N3, Lu Q3, Cheng YX4.(PubMed)

(5) Effect of cinnamon and its procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction on diabetic nephropathy in rats. by Muthenna P1, Raghu G1, Kumar PA1, Surekha MV1, Reddy GB2.(PubMed)

(6) Ameliorative effect of the cinnamon oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum upon early stage diabetic nephropathy by Mishra A1, Bhatti R, Singh A, Singh Ishar MP.(PubMed)

(7) Therapeutic potential of resveratrol in diabetic complications: In vitro and in vivo studies by Ciddi V1, Dodda D2.(PubMed)

(8) Resveratrol plays important role in protective mechanisms in renal disease--mini-review [Article in English, Portuguese] by Albertoni G1, Schor N1.(PubMed)

(9) Resveratrol prevents high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK pathway by He T1, Guan X1, Wang S2, Xiao T1, Yang K1, Xu X1, Wang J2, Zhao J3.(PubMed)