Medical Advisor Journals

Saturday, August 13, 2016

Children Health: Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD/ADD) - Symptoms of Sub-Types Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD/ADD) also known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a chronic disease occurs in certain age and years of a children, defined as a condition with characteristics of co-existence of attentional problems and hyperactivity. It effects about 5% of the all children in the world with boys have 3-4 times higher risk than girl. Over one third of children with ADHD will have continued symptoms existed into their adult life.

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD/ADD) is classified into 3 subtypes

Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive

Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive is defined as a condition in which a child has an unusually high activity level impulsively in a short period span. Children with the disorder usually have behavior and learning disabilities with (six or more) symptoms in the hyperactivity-impulsivity categories. Researchers found that Children with the disorder have high levels of cortisol.

The Symptoms

2.1. Children who have symptoms of hyperactivity may:
a. Fidget and squirm in their seats
b. Talk nonstop
c. Dash around, touching or playing with anything and everything in sight
d. Have trouble sitting still during dinner, school, and story time
e. Be constantly in motion
f. Have difficulty doing quiet tasks or activities.
g. Sleep Complaints

2.2. Children who have symptoms of impulsivity may:
a. Be very impatient
b. Blurt out inappropriate comments, show their emotions without restraint, and act without regard for consequences
c. Have difficulty waiting for things they want or waiting their turns in games
d. Often interrupt conversations or others' activities.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease,
particular in treatment of menstrual disorder in Women Health

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Friday, August 12, 2016

Food Therapy: Fruits - Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Watermelon

Watermelon is species of Citrullus, belong to the family Cucurbitaceae, related to the cantaloupe, squash and pumpkin and originated from southern Africa. Today watermelon is cultivated all over the world as a healthy food and for commercial purpose.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Dietary fiber
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Water
7. Vitamin A
8. Thiamine (Vit. B1)
9. Riboflavin (Vit. B2)
10. Niacin (Vit. B3)
11. Pantothenic acid (B5)
12. Vitamin B6
13. Folate (Vit. B9)
14. Vitamin C
15. Calcium
16. Iron
17. Magnesium
18. Phosphorus
19. Potassium
20.Zinc
21. Etc.

Health Benefits
A. Health benefits according to studies
1. Aortic blood pressure
In the evaluation of watermelon supplementation and it effects on aortic BP and arterial function in individuals with prehypertension found that watermelonsupplementation improves aortic hemodynamics through a decrease in the amplitude of the reflected wave in individuals with prehypertension, according to "Effects of watermelon supplementation on aortic blood pressure and wave reflection in individuals with prehypertension: a pilot study" by Figueroa A, Sanchez-Gonzalez MA, Perkins-Veazie PM, Arjmandi BH.(a)

2. Cardiovascular diseases, glycemic control, and ameliorating vascular dysfunction
In the investigation of Watermelon is rich in L-citrulline, an effective precursor of L-arginine and its effect in the obese with type II disbetes mice found that there is a beneficial effect of watermelon pomace juice as a functional food for increasing arginine availability, reducing serum concentrations of cardiovascular risk factors, improving glycemic control, and ameliorating vascular dysfunction in obese animals with type-II diabetes, according to "Dietary supplementation withwatermelon pomace juice enhances arginine availability and ameliorates the metabolic syndrome in Zucker diabetic fatty rats" by Wu G, Collins JK, Perkins-Veazie P, Siddiq M, Dolan KD, Kelly KA, Heaps CL, Meininger CJ.(b)

3. Prostate cancer prevention
In the identification of Lycopene is a member of the carotenoid family, which is found abundantly in tomatoes, tomato-based products, strawberries, andwatermelon and its effect on prostae cancer found that there is insufficient evidence to either support, or refute, the use of lycopene for the prevention of prostate cancer. Similarly, there is no robust evidence from RCTs to identify the impact of lycopene consumption upon the incidence of prostate cancer, prostate symptoms, PSA levels or adverse events, according to "Lycopene for the prevention of prostate cancer" by Ilic D, Forbes KM, Hassed C.(c)

4. Anti-inflammatory activities
In the analyzing the anti-inflammatory actions of cucurbitacin E (CE) (Citrulluslanatus var. citroides) found that CE inhibited both COX enzymes with more selectivity toward COX-2. Intraperitoneal injection of CE significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced rat's paw edema. ORAC and FRAP assays showed that CE is not a potent ROS scavenger. It could be concluded that CE is potentially useful in treating inflammation through the inhibition of COX and RNS but not ROS, according to "Anti-inflammatory activities of cucurbitacin E isolated fromCitrullus lanatus var. citroides: role of reactive nitrogen species and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition" by Abdelwahab SI, Hassan LE, Sirat HM, Yagi SM, Koko WS, Mohan S, Taha MM, Ahmad S, Chuen CS, Narrima P, Rais MM, Hadi AH.(d)

5. Bone mineral density and bone metabolism
In the observation of Vegetable and fruit (Chinese cabbage kimchi, onion, radish, cucumber, and welsh onion for the age group of 20-29, watermelon, Chinese cabbage kimchi, peach, potato, and onion for the age group of 30-49 andwatermelon)intake with serum calcium, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and their effect on bone mineral density and bone metabolism, found thatwatermelon, Chinese cabbage kimchi, tomato, potato, and peach for the age group of 50-64. Of 51 targets, β-carotene intake displayed a significantly negative correlation with serum osteocalcin. While caloric intake as well as protein, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorous, zinc and total food intake displayed a significantly negative correlation with DPD excretion in urine, tuber vegetable intake displayed a significantly positive correlation with DPD excretion in urine. In the future, a study will be necessary to accurately explain the relevance of vegetable and fruit intake with bone mineral density and bone metabolism. Also, efforts will be required to increase vegetable and fruit intake, according to "Vegetable and fruit intake and its relevance with serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline in Korean adults" by Kang MH, Kim MH, Bae YJ, Choi MK.(e)

6. Etc.

B. Health benefits according to concentration
1. Vitamin C
Besides is essential in preventing the breaking off small vein cause of hardening of the vessel wall, vitamin C also improves the digestive system in maximum absorption of vital nutrients. Overdoses can cause diarrhea, It also plays an important role in enhancing immune system fighting against the forming of free radicals that cause muscle damage, according to the study of "Does antioxidantvitamin supplementation protect against muscle damage?" by McGinley C, Shafat A, Donnelly AE., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19902983)

2. Vitamin A
As famous in improving eye sight, vitamin A also plays an important role in enhancing immune system fighting against the forming of free radicals that cause tissue, muscle and cellular damage and infection, according to the study of "Vitamin A, immunity, and infection" by Semba RD., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21775644), researchers found that vitamin Aand its metabolites are immune enhancers that have been shown to potentiate antibody responses to T cell-dependent antigens, increase lymphocyte proliferation responses to antigens and mitogens, inhibit apoptosis, and restore the integrity and function of mucosal surfaces. Vitamin A and related retinoids may have potential applications in therapy for some infectious diseases.

3. Potassium
Beside is a important minerals for lymphatic function in regulating the body fluids, it is also essential in preventing the forming of kidney stone, according to the study of "Empiric use of potassium citrate reduces kidney-stone incidence with the ketogenic diet" by McNally MA, Pyzik PL, Rubenstein JE, Hamdy RF, Kossoff EH., posted in PubMed(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19596731), researchers wrote in conclusion that Oral potassium citrate is an effective preventive supplement against kidney stones in children who receive the KD, achieving its goal of urine alkalinization. Universal supplementation is warranted.

4. Magnesium
Magnesium not only important for bone health, according to the study of "Magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium levels in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Can magnesium play a key role in osteoporosis?" by Odabasi E, Turan M, Aydin A, Akay C, Kutlu M(3) but also play and important role in protecting against Alzheimer's disease, according to the study of "Altered ionized magnesium levels in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease" by Barbagallo M, Belvedere M, Di Bella G, Dominguez LJ.(4)

5. Etc.

C. Other health benefits
1. Lycopene
After absorbing from foods through digestion, lycopene is transported into the blood then accumulated in the liver, adrenal glands, and testes. It is one most powerful phytochemical in preventing the forming of free radicals, resulting in lessening the risk of tumors and cancers, According to the study of `Can the consumption of tomatoes or lycopene reduce cancer risk?` by
Hwang ES, Bowen PE. (Source fromDepartment of Human Nutrition (M/C 517), 1919 W. Taylor Street, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.) posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that Data suggest lycopene may account for or contribute to chemoprevention, but this hypothesis requires further study. Numerous other potentially beneficial compounds are present in tomatoes and complex interactions among multiple components may contribute to the anticancer properties of tomatoes.

2. L-Arginine
Watermelon is exceptionally high in citrulline, an amino acid that helps to make L- arginine. L-arginine enhances the blood vessel to relax, thus increasing blood flow in carrying nutrients to the body cell, including the reproductive organs, thus prevent erectile, dysfunction., according to the atudy of "Oral L-citrullinesupplementation improves erection hardness in men with mild erectiledysfunction." byCormio L, De Siati M, Lorusso F, Selvaggio O, Mirabella L,Sanguedolce F, Carrieri G., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21195829)

3. Erectile dysfunction
Since water contains high amount of zinc, it enhances the function of prostate grand in serving its purpose of assisting the test in sperm production and preventing erectile dysfunction, according to the study of "Zinc, hydrochlorothiazide and sexual dysfunction" by Khedun SM, Naicker T, Maharaj B., posted in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8556776)

4. Etc.

Side effects
No side effect is known, but watermelon has glycemic load per food serving of 4, you may want to limit the quantity you intend to eat, if you have high blood sugar.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20616787
(b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18029483
(c) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22071840
(d) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21871542
(e) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21103089
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19539268
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21951617

Overcome Infertility: Hormone Imbalance Causes of Infertility

Infertility is defined as inability of a couple to conceive after 12 months of unprotected sexual intercourse. It effects over 5 millions couple alone in the U. S. and many times more in the world. Because of unawareness of treatments, only 10% seeks help from professional specialist.

Hormone Imbalance Causes of Infertility

1. Androgens
Androgen is also an steroid hormone which helps to control the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics. In women, it is necessary in estrogen synthesis, increasing sexual desire and preventing of bone loss, over production of androgen causes male like pattern, irregular menstrual cycle or absence of menstrual cycle leading to infertility. In Men, over production androgen by test causes lower quality of sperm and sperm production leading to male infertility.
2. Hyperthyroidism
It is defined as a condition in which our body produces too much thyroid hormone causing low levels of estrogen which can not trigger the production of LH then ovulation leading to infertility.
3. Hypothyroidism
As oppose to hyperthyroidism, it is defined as a condition in which our body produces very little thyroid hormone leading to irregular ovulation and increasing production of prolactin causing production of immature eggs from the ovaries resulting in infertility.

4. Luteal phase defect
Luteal phrase is defined as the second half of the menstrual cycle that occurs between ovulation and menstruation. At the beginning of this phrase, after releasing of the egg, the levels of progesterone increase leading to uterine inning thickening to support the implantation of embryo. Luteal phrase defect is caused by uterine inning does not develop properly, thereby does not response to high levels of progesterone stimulation preventing embryo implantation resulting in miscarriage.

5. Low levels of Progesterone
Progesterone is vital for endometrial lining to become soft in helping implantation of fertilized egg, stimulate the production of sperm friendly mucus and open the cervical for sperm invasion. Deficiency of progesterone interferes with those processes leading to infertility as sperm can not enter the Fallopian tube.

6. High levels of Estrogen
Estrogen is vital for starting the women menstrual, but the levels remain high over the cycle will prevent ovulation.

7. Testosterone
Testosterone not only is vital for maintaining **** erection, sexual desire but also helps in healthy sperm production. Unbalance of levels of testosterone in men interferes with those processes leading to erectile dysfunction and abnormal sperm production.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Dietary Minerals Potassium: The Effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Dietary Minerals

Dietary Minerals are the group of minerals which is essential for our body to sustain normal functions and physical health.

Potassium

In General, potassium is a very essential mineral to the human body for maintaining to build proteins and muscle, break down carbohydrates, maintain normal body growth and normal heart electricity, etc.

The Effect on Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Fatty liver disease is defined as a condition of accumulation of fat in the liver, including people who drink little or no alcohol (Non alcohol fatty disease) or who are excessive alcohol drinking (Alcohol fatty liver disease). The disease can even occur after a short period of heavy drinking (acute alcoholic liver disease). More than 15 million people in the U.S. either abuse or overuse alcohol with fatty liver diseases with fat makes up 5-10 percent of liver weight.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical conditions, actually representing an emerging disease of great clinical interest(4).

The benefits
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are associated to increased risk of metabolic syndrome. In the study of in 8592 subjects with NAFLD (30·3%) and gradually decreased across serum potassium quartiles, to investigate the association of serum potassium with the risk of prevalent NAFLD. The result showed a significant relation between serumpotassium level and NAFLD in women, younger subjects, those with insulin resistance and central obesity. Other in the study to investigate the association between NAFLD and primary aldosteronism (PA), and to identify determinants of NAFLD in this condition, showed that Serum potassium was lower in primary aldosteronism (PA) than in LREH patients with NAFLD (P < 0.001), while it was similar in PA and LREH patients without NAFLD.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

References
(1) Low serum potassium level is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its related metabolic disorders by Sun K, Lu J, Jiang Y, Xu M, Xu Y, Zhang J, Xu B, Sun J, Sun W, Ren C, Liu J, Wang W, Bi Y, Ning G.(PubMed)
(2) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in primary aldosteronism: a pilot study by Fallo F, Dalla Pozza A, Tecchio M, Tona F, Sonino N, Ermani M, Catena C, Bertello C, Mulatero P, Sabato N, Fabris B, Sechi LA.(PubMed)
(3) Review article: the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease -- availability and accuracy of non-invasive methods by Festi D, Schiumerini R, Marzi L, Di Biase AR, Mandolesi D, Montrone L, Scaioli E, Bonato G, Marchesini-Reggiani G, Colecchia A.(PubMed)

The Obesity' Research and Studies of Multi-modal exercise programs for older adults

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

The Studies of Multi-modal exercise programs for older adults

In the review of Fifteen studies, including totalling 2,149 subjects; the mean cohort age ranging from 67 +/- 8 to 84 +/- 3 years. A low mean relative ES for strength was seen across the reviewed studies, showed that multi-modal exercise has a positive effect on falls prevention. The limited data available suggests that multi-modal exercise has a small effect on physical, functional and quality of life outcomes. Future research should include robustly designed trials that involve multi-modal exercise at individually prescribed intensities based on doses found to be effective in single-modality studies(1).
Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

(1) "Multi-modal exercise programs for older adults" by Baker MK, Atlantis E,Fiatarone Singh MA.

Most Common Diseases of 50 Plus: Thyroid disease: Acute thyroiditis - The Causes and Risk factors

Thyroid disease

Thyroid disease is defined as a condition of malfunction of thyroid. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is over active and produces too much thyroid hormones.

Acute thyroiditis

Acute thyroiditis is defined as a condition of as a result of relatively high amount of iodine in the tissue causes of microbial inflammatory thyroiditis, pyrogenic thyroiditis and bacterial thyroiditis. Acute infectious thyroiditis is very rare, accounting for about 0.1-0.7% of all thyroiditis.

The Causes and Risk factors

B.1. Causes
Although the cause of silent thyroiditis is known. The autoimmune thyroiditis processus progressively and slowly tends to the necrosis/apoptosis of thyroid cells and their functional impairment. Other forms of autoimmune thyroiditis, postpartum thyroiditis and silent thyroiditis(11). There is a suggestion that silent thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid and by transient hyperthyroidism, followed occasionally by transient hypothyroidism and eventual recovery(12).
Other indicated that clinically important autoimmune thyroid disease might thus be present both in individuals with normal and with raised thyrotropin concentrations. Rises in thyrotropin concentration might also occur for several reasons other than autoimmune thyroiditis(13).

B.2. Risk factors
1. Gentic and environment factors
Genetic and/or environmental factors are important in the development of this familial type of silent thyroiditis, according to the study by the Gifu Red Cross Hospital(14). Other study indicated that antecedent infection or exposure to antigen may cause the development of silent thyroiditis(15).

2. Adrenalectomy
There is a report of a case of silent thyroiditis after unilateral adrenalectomy for treatment of Cushing’s syndrome as the left adrenocortical adenoma was resected, according to the Gifu University School of Medicine(16).

3. Lithium therapy
While hypothyroidism secondary to treatments by lithium are well known, cases of hyperthyroidism are less common. A 48 years old patient under lithium carbonate from about 10 years ago presents hyperthyroidism without any auto-immunity biological markers, associated with a very low thyroid tracer uptake on scintigraphy(17).

4. Alpha-interferon therapy
There is a report of a a 30-year-old woman with chronic active hepatitis C develops silent thyroiditis developed during alpha-interferon therapy(18). Other study report the development of a episode of silent thyroiditis in a patient with chronic thyroiditis and papillary adenocarcinoma following alpha interferon treatment for hepatitis C(19).

5. Thyroid-stimulation-blocking antibodies (TSBAb)
There is a report of a 24-year-old man showed thyrotoxic symptoms with hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Serum thyroid hormone levels were high and thyrotropin (TSH) was undetectable. 123I-thyroidal uptake was suppressed. TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) was positive(20).

6. Infections
Viral infection such as rubella could cause the development of silent thyroiditis. There is a report of A 40-year-old housewife was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a thyrotoxic state. A month after rubella infection, she developed heat intolerance(21).

7. Gender
If you are women, you are associated to increased risk of silent thyroiditis.

8. Low level of selenium
Se levels were significantly decreased in cases of sub-acute and silent thyroiditis. according to WOMED(22).

9. Postpartum period
Silent or painless thyroiditis is a frequent cause of transient hyperthyroidism, which is characterized by recent onset of symptoms in a patient with a normal to modestly enlarged and firm thyroid gland. No pathogenetic factors are known, but the disease may conceivably have an autoimmune basis, particularly in the postpartum patient(22a).

10. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus
Patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus have often, besides immune diabetes markers, also other organ-specific antibodies, particularly thyroid autoantibodies (antithyreoglobulin antibodies – ATG and/or thyroid peroxidase antibodies – TPO)(22b).

11. Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies
Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is a key enzyme in the formation of thyroid hormones and a major autoantigen in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Titers of TPO antibodies also correlate with the degree of lymphocytic infiltration in euthyroid subjects, and they are frequently present in euthyroid subjects (prevalence 12-26%)(22c).

Women Health: Premenstrual syndrome(PMS): Caused by Kidney deficiency in Chinese Herbs Perspective

Premenstrual syndrome(PMS)

Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.

Caused by Kidney deficiency in Chinese Herbs Perspective

Chinese herbalists believe that PMS is also caused by
a) Deficiency of yang qi in the kidney showed to presence with over production of bad estrogen(5) and induce kidney abnormal function in regulating fluid circulation(8), causing symptoms of anxiety, panic attacks, fear(2), fatigue, lightheadedness, and headache(1)

b) Deficiency of yin normally happens to women in peri menopause and may also induce symptoms of menopause to women with PMS such as hair dry, restlessness, excitability, hard stool(3), painful back and knees, dry vagina, dysphoria with feverish sensation in the chest, palms and soles, etc.(4), due to low levels of estrogen produced before period(5),

Treatments
1. Rehmannia glutinosa (Shu Di Huang)
Rehmannia glutinosa has been used in traditional Chinese medicine in treating kidney disorder(6)(7) to restore the balance of yin and yang qi of the kidney for treatment of symptoms of water retention(8), weight gain(9) in kidney yin deficiency women with pre menstrual syndrome, probably through raising levels of estrogen(9).

2. Morinda root(Ba Ji Tian)
Morinda root has been used in traditional medicine for treatment kidney yang deficiency to improve menstrual difficulties(12) through hormone bablancing(13), reduce antispasmodic effects and fluid retention(11) and induce blood flow(10) for lessening the symptoms of cramp and pain(11) and blood stagnation some women with PMS.

3. Cuscuta (Tu Si Zi)
Cuscuta, a kidney tonic medicine(14), showed to restore the balance the yin and yang qi of the kidney for treatment of water retention(14) and cramp and pain(15) in women with PMS, induce sex desire through raising the levels of testosterone in women with yang kidney qi deficiency(16) and reduce nervous tension(17), probably through reduction of NO-mediated formation

4. Cinnamon Bark (Rou Gui)
Cinnamon bark, a qi tonic herb(very hot in nature), has been used in traditional Chinese medicine release the qi stagnation of our body including liver and kidney, for treatment of cramp and pain(18), nervous tension and eating disorder(19), probably through regulation of 5-Hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT; Serotonin) is an important neurotransmitter.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease,
particular in treatment of menstrual disorder in Women Health