Medical Advisor Journals

Monday, July 24, 2017

Magnesium: Relationship between hypermagnesaemia in preterm labour and adverse health outcomes in babies

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Magnesium

Magnesium is the eleventh most abundant element by mass in the human body. The adult body content is 25 g distributed in the skeleton and soft tissues. The chemical is essential in manipulating important biological polyphosphate such as ATP, DNA, and RNA and in functionming enzymes(a).

Magnesium: Relationship between hypermagnesaemia in preterm labour and adverse health outcomes in babies

In the study of the Magnesium and Neurologic Endpoints Trial (the so-called MagNET Trial) undertaken to establish whether the antenatal usage of magnesiumsulphate could protect neonates from having adverse neurologic outcomes, showed that unfortunately, the trial was suspended after 15 months of enrolment because of excess total paediatric mortality among those exposed to magnesiumsulphate. Following our original report and contrary to the original hypotheses, additional analyses of our data have actually shown a statistically significant increase in the risk of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage, as well as total adverse paediatric outcomes, among those with higher levels of ionized magnesium at delivery. Nonetheless, it has been postulated, but not established, that anions of magnesium other than sulphate could have a more benign, or even beneficial, effect on health outcomes in the neonate(6).

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(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12635881

Sunday, July 23, 2017

Magnesium: Serum magnesium level in preterm labour

Magnesium: Serum magnesium level in preterm labour

Preterm labour, (PTL) defined as labour after 28 weeks but before 37 completed week of gestation, is an ill omen for our country as the incidence is 5-10% leading to 70-80% of perinatal deaths. According to the study by the Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, varied hypomagnesemia was observed in Preterm labour cases (1.47 mg/dl +/- 0.22 S.D.), normal value of serum magnesium was found in normal non-pregnant ladies and slightly low value were observed in pregnant ladies of same gestational age. Age and parity had no significant effect on serum magnesium level in our study. As far as socio-economic study is concerned, it was found to be higher in high socio-economic group and low in lower group. Thus from this study it can be concluded that estimation of serum magnesium in pregnancy may prove to be a valuable tool in predicting preterm onset of labour(5).

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(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15022938

Saturday, July 22, 2017

Magnesium Pathophysiology and therapy of magnesium deficiency in pregnancy

Magnesium Pathophysiology and therapy of magnesium deficiency in pregnancy

In the study to determine serum magnesium(Mg)-levels in 67 pregnant women in late pregnancy. 42 gravidae complained of nightly muscle cramps; 21 of them received 1.8 g monomagnesiumaspartate twice daily per mouth for 4 weeks, found that serum Mg-levels were lower in pregnant women as compared to a control group of non pregnant women. Gravidae complaining of muscle cramps had significantly lower serum Mg-levels than women without muscle cramps. The administration of Mg was associated with a significant rise in serum Mg-levels as early as 2 weeks after the initiation of therapy.The Our study indicates that nightly muscle cramps during pregnancy might be a sign of a latent magnesium deficiency which can be influenced by oral magnesium(4).

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(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6891868

Friday, July 21, 2017

Magnesium: The effect of oral magnesium substitution on pregnancy-induced leg cramps

Magnesium: The effect of oral magnesium substitution on pregnancy-induced leg cramps

In the study to to determine whether women with pregnancy-related leg crampswould benefit from oral magnesium supplementation, indicated that serum magnesium levels in these patients were at or below the lower reference limit, as is also often the case in healthy pregnant patients. Oral magnesium substitution decreased leg cramp distress (p < 0.05 compared with the placebo group, p < 0.001 compared with initial complaints), but did not significantly increase serum magnesium levels, excess magnesium being excreted as measured by an increase in urinary magnesium levels (p < 0.002). Oral magnesium supplementation seems to be a valuable therapeutic tool in the treatment of pregnancy-related leg cramps(3).

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(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7631676

Thursday, July 20, 2017

Magnesium: Clinical aspects and treatment of calf muscle cramps during pregnancy

Magnesium: Clinical aspects and treatment of calf muscle cramps during pregnancy

According to the study by Riss P, Bartl W, and Jelincic D., muscle cramps were noticed most often in the second half of pregnancy. Gravidae with muscle crampswere on the average older and of higher parity; there was no relationship between muscle cramps and complications during pregnancy or unfavorable fetal outcome. In an uncontrolled therapeutic trial 21 women with muscle cramps received 1,8 g monomagnesium-aspartate twice daily per mouth for 4 weeks. 21 women with muscle cramps had no therapy. 4 weeks after the initiation of magnesium therapy 19/21 women were free of symptoms, compared to only 7/21 patients in the control group. Muscle cramps during pregnancy do not have to be considered a risk factor; they can be significantly improved by the administration of oral magnesium(2).

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(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6553557

Wednesday, July 19, 2017

Magnesium: Magnesium for skeletal muscle cramps

Magnesium: Magnesium for skeletal muscle cramps

Skeletal muscle cramps are common and often presented to physicians in association with pregnancy, advanced age, exercise or disorders of the motor neuron (such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). In a andomized controlled trials (RCTs) of magnesium supplementation (in any form) to prevent skeletal muscle cramps in any patient group (i.e. all clinical presentations of cramp) and to considere comparisons of magnesium with no treatment, placebo control, or other therapy, found that it is unlikely that magnesium supplementation provides clinically meaningful cramp prophylaxis to older adults experiencing skeletal muscle cramps. In contrast, for those experiencing pregnancy-associated rest cramps the literature is conflicting and further research in this patient population is needed. We found no randomized controlled trials evaluating magnesium for exercise-associated muscle cramps or disease state-associated muscle cramps (for example amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease)(1).

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(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22972143

Monday, July 17, 2017

Thyroid hormone: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH)

Thyroid hormone

Thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)), produced by the thyroid gland, plays an important role in regulation of metabolism, including directly boosts energy metabolism and triggers rapid protein synthesis and regulates mitochondrial gene transcription, etc. Iodine is necessary for the production of T3and T4, deficiency of Iodine can lead to enlarge thyroid grand and goitre.

Thyroid hormone: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH)

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is defined as thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth. According to the study by Department of Pediatrics, Dhahran Health Center, CH is classified into permanent and transient forms, which in turn can be divided into primary, secondary, or peripheral etiologies. Permanent CH refers to a persistent deficiency of thyroid hormone that requires life-long treatment. Transient CH refers to a temporary deficiency of thyroid hormone that is discovered at birth but recovers to normal in the first few months or years of life. Babies with CH who are not identified and treated promptly develop severe mental retardation. Most of the babies with CH do not manifest the typical known signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, and this is most likely due to transplacental passage of some maternal thyroid hormone in addition to some residual neonatal thyroid function, as might be seen with thyroid hypoplasia, an ectopic gland, or mild dyshormonogenesis(70).

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Sources
(70) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570946