Cervical cancer in Herbs' Points of View

 Kyle J. Norton(Draft Article)

Cervical cancer is malignant neoplasm of the cervix uteri or cervical area caused by abnormal cells growth with alternation of cells DNA. According to the American Cancer Society's, in 2014, 12,360 new cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed with the death of  4,020 patients. The risk of cervical cancer is higher in Hispanic women followed by African-Americans, Asians and Pacific Islanders, and whites(a).
Depending to the stage and grade of the cancer, if the cancer is found in the early stahe, hysterectomy may not be needed. Other while  after sugery, chemotherapy including Cisplatin, Fluorouracil (5-FU), Mitomycin, Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, Bevacizumab and radiotherapy may be necesary, but with certain side effects. Rmerging suggestion of a healthy and balanced diet to improve high serum levels of antioxidants may reduce cervical neoplasia risk(b)(c)  but other suggested that the role of diet and nutrition in the etiology of cervical cancer is not yet resolved(d) and Catalan Institute of Oncology study showed statistically nonsignificant inverse associations were also observed for leafy vegetables, root vegetables, garlic and onions, citrus fruits, vitamin C, vitamin E and retinol for invasive squamous cervical cancer (ISC)(e).
Epidemiological studies, linking herbal medicine in reduced risk of cervical cancer have not been consistent. But certain herbs and spice may be effective in  treating cervical caner(1) with little or no side effects.
1. Peony root
Bai Shao also known as White Peony Root, the bitter sour and cool herb has been used in TCM as anti-spastic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, sedative, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic agent and to owers blood pressure, dilates peripheral blood vessels etc., as it nourishes Blood and liver, preserves the Yin, clams pain;, etc., by promoting the function of liver and spleen channels.
Chi Shao or Chi Shao Yao is also known as Red Peony Root, the bitter, sour and cool herb has been used in TCM to anti-spastic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, sedative agnet and to lower blood pressure, dilate peripheral blood vessels, coronary arteries, treat viral hepatitis, chronic constipation, asthma, whooping coughs, diabetes, etc., as it clears Heat, cools Blood, eliminates Blood accumulation, calms paindilates, etc., by enhancing the functions of liver and spleen channels. 
Paeoniflorin (PF), the principal bioactive chemical coonhound from the peony root, inhibited human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) cells, through a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 and increase the expression of Bax and caspase-3 genes(2)(3).

2. Dang Qui (Angelica sinensis)
Dang Qui (Angelica sinensis)  is a herb of Genus Angelica from the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China. The herb has been used as a Queen herb in traditional Chinese medicine antispasmodic and vasodilatory agent, and to balance the hormones in women for a normal menstrual cycle and menstruation and strengthen heart, spleen, kidneys, and liver for both men and women, etc. In other words, it is used to treat gynecological ailments, fatigue, mild anemia and high blood pressure. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, etc.
Polysaccharide(APS-1d) isolated from Angelica sinensis, induced -induced apoptosis of human cervical cancer cell line through regulation of Bcl-2 family protein expression, a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and an increase in the cytosolic cytochrome c levels(4).

3. Asparagus
Asparagus is a flowering plant belong to species the genus Asparagus, native to the western coasts of northern Spain, north to Ireland, Great Britain, and northwest Germany, northern Africa and western Asia. Asparagus has been used from early times as a vegetable and medicine, because of its delicate.
Formononetin, as an O-methylated isoflavone found in Astragalus, in doses depending mummer induced the apoptosis of CC cell line HeLa through inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT(5).

4. Licorice
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza Glabra) also known as sweetwood, is the genus Glycyrrhiza, belonging to the family Fabaceae, native to the Mediterranean and certain areas of Asia. The herb has been used in traditional medicine to treat skin diseases, coughs, constipation, bronchitis, inflammation, arthritis, etc.
In cervical cancer Ca Ski cells, Isoliquiritigenin, a constituent of licorice induced apoptosis of the cancer cell line through down regulation of HPV(Human papillomavirus) 16 E6 expression associated with an increase of p53(tumor suppressor) and p21(cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) levels, enhanced expression of Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2 and Bid proform triggering dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, released cytochrome c to the cytosol followed by activation of caspase cascade with cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP. Caspase-8.(6) or through G2/M phase arrest was also associated with decreases in the amounts of cyclin B, cyclin A, cdc2, and cdc25C, and increases in the phosphorylation of Chk2, cdc25C, and cdc2.(7). Other chemical constituent Liquiritigenin (LQ), inhibited the growth of tumors xenografted in nude mice from human cervical cancer cell line HeLa cells, in a dose dependent manner(8).

5. Turmeric
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia. The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.
Curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from turmeric, decreased survival after IR in HeLa cells via induced increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), sustained activation of ERK1/2(9). Human MDR-1 gene expression in multidrug resistant human cervical carcinoma cell line was inhibited by bisdemethoxycurcumin  isolated from turmeric(10). Other extract NBFR-03, from Curcuma longa Linn extract, exhibited a arrest low-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL) a 12 week(11). according to the effect of curcumin on HPV-positive and negative cervical cancer cell lines HeLa, SiHa, CaSki, and C33A pretreated with estradio, conducted by All India Institute of Medical Science, showed a positive effects of curcumin in counteracted the proliferative response of estradiol, and induce apoptosis(12).

6. Aloe vera
Aloe Vera is species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe, belonging to the Family Xanthorrhoeaceae, native to Sudan. It has become very popular for commercial cultivation due to its health benefits. Aloe vera has been used in herbal medicine in treating many kinds of disease, including wound, burn healing, minor skin infections, sebaceous cysts, diabetes, and elevated of cholesterol, etc. It is also one of many popular herb studied in scientific ways with some conflicted results.
Aloe emodin, a major chemical constituent of Aloe vera, inhibited the growth of human cervical cancer cell line, HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner, through cycle arrest and the decrease in cyclin A and CDK2, and the increase in cyclin B1 and CDK1expression(13). Aloin, another chemical compound from the herb, exerted a pronounced antiproliferative effect through cell cycle arrest in the S phase and induced increased HeLaS3 cell apoptosis(14). Rhein-aloe-emodin hybrid molecule (RH-AE), a synthetic version of from rhein and aloe-emodin, inhibited the human ovarian cancer SK-OV-3 in lesser effective than those of rhein and aloe-emodin(15).

8. Rhubarb (Rheum palmatum L.)
Rhubarb is a small flower grouped with large compound leafy in the the genus Rheum, belonging to the family Polygonaceae. The herb has been used in traditional medicine as laxative agent, reduce inflammation and treat diarrhea, dysentery blood clots, tumor red and painful eyes abdominal-distention and/or pain blood in stool hemorrhoidal bleeding urination: burning sensation, absence of menses, etc.
Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone), a chemical compound isolated from Rhubarb, induced apoptosis of human cervical cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway, via activation of caspases-3, -9 and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(16) or through the intrinsic mitochondrial and extrinsic death receptor pathways(17).

10. Grape Seed Extract
Grape Seed Extract is the commercial extracts from whole grape seeds that contains many concentrations, including vitamin E, flavonoids, linoleic acid, oligomeric proanthocyanidins(OPCs), etc..The herb has been used in traditional medicine as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agents and to treat skin wounds with less scarring, allergies, macular degeneration, arthritis, enhance circulation of blood vessels, lower cholesterol, etc.
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins (GSPs) in comparison of the effects in 3 cancer cell lines showed to inhibited the human cervical cancer cell line Hela weaker than those of human leukemia K562 cells(18). Gallic acid (GA) , a major chemical compound of grape seed extract, induced HeLa cell death in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels(19)(20).

11. Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, belonging to family Amaryllidaceae, native to central Asia. It has been used popularly in traditional and Chinese medicine in treating common cold and flu to the Plague, blood pressure cholesterol levels, natural antibiotic, etc.
Diallyl sulfide (DAS), a chemical component of garlic induced mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the release of cytochrome c for causing apoptosis in human cervical cancer Ca Ski cells(21) and cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the p53, caspase- and mitochondria-dependent pathways in in HeLa human cervical cancer cells(22). The Defense Food Research Laboratory study indicated that Garlic exerted its anticarcinogenic effect(including cervical cancer) through a number of mechanisms, including scavenging of radicals, increasing gluathione levels, increasing the activities of enzymes(23). In 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced carcinogenesis in the uterine cervix of virgin young adult Swiss albino mice study, found a sginificant decline in the incidence of carcinoma witjh oral administration of garlic at the dose level of 400 mg/kg body wt./day for 2 weeks before and 4 weeks following carcinogen thread insertion(24).

12. Ginseng
Ginseng is a slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, the genus Panax, belonging to the family Araliaceae. Depending to the climate where it grows, ginseng can be classified mainly into Panax ginseng Asian ginseng (root), Red ginseng, wild ginseng, American ginseng (root).
Ginsenosides, the major chemical composition of Panax ginseng inhibited 74%  human cervical cancer cells (Hela) after 72 h exposure(25). Saponin ginsenoside Rd (1), isolated from Panax notoginseng inhibited HeLa cell proliferation, and induced cell apoptosis through down-regulating Bcl-2 expression, up-regulating Bax expression, lowering the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and activating the caspase-3 pathway(26).

13. Milk Thistle
Milk Thistle is a flowering plant, in the genus Silybum Adans, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to the Mediterranean. The herb has been used in traditional medicine in treating liver, kidney, gall bladder problems, etc.
Silibinin, an active constituent extracted from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), exhibited the cytotoxicity of NO in HeLa cells, through induced GSH depletion mediated by p53(27). In cervical cancer cells (C-33A), silymarin inhibited cancer cell viability and induced apoptosis through the modulation of Bcl-2 family proteins and activation of caspase 3(28). Other study found that the chemicanl compound also exerted its anti proliferative effect of human cervical cell line (HeLa) through inhibition of hypoxia-induced HIF-1alpha accumulation and HIF-1 transcriptional activity in human cervical (HeLa)(29)

14. Cat's claw
Cat's claw found in in the tropical jungles of South and Central America, is a genus Uncaria, belonging to the family Rubiaceae. It has been used in traditional medicine over two thousand years as a tonic, contraceptive, anti-inflammatory and infectious agent, and to treat diarrhea, rheumatic disorders, acne, diabetes, cancer and diseases of the urinary tract, etc..
According to the study at Polish Academy of Sciences, extract of Uncaria tomentosa in doses dependent manner, inhibited the proliferation of cervical carcinoma(30).

Taking altogether, without going into reviews, the list of herbal medicines above has showed effectively in reduced risk and treatment of cervical cancer. But larger sample size and multi centers studies to validate the effectiveness through identification of the principle ingredients are necessary. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying

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References
(a) Cerical cancer (Amerrican cancer society)
(b) Diet and serum micronutrients in relation to cervical neoplasia and cancer among low-income Brazilian women by Tomita LY¹, Longatto Filho A, Costa MC, Andreoli MA, Villa LL, Franco EL, Cardoso MA; Brazilian Investigation into Nutrition and Cervical Cancer Prevention (BRINCA) Study Team.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of dietary dark-green and deep-yellow vegetables and fruits with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: modification by smoking by Tomita LY¹, Roteli-Martins CM, Villa LL, Franco EL, Cardoso MA; BRINCA Study Team.(PubMed)
(d) Diet and the risk of in situ cervical cancer among white women in the United States by Ziegler RG¹, Jones CJ, Brinton LA, Norman SA, Mallin K, Levine RS, Lehman HF, Hamman RF, Trumble AC, Rosenthal JF, et al.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary factors and in situ and invasive cervical cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study by González CA¹, Travier N, Luján-Barroso L, Castellsagué X, Bosch FX, Roura E, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Palli D, Boeing H, Pala V, Sacerdote C, Tumino R, Panico S, Manjer J, Dillner J, Hallmans G, Kjellberg L, Sanchez MJ, Altzibar JM, Barricarte A, Navarro C, Rodriguez L, Allen N, Key TJ, Kaaks R, Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Munk C, Kjaer SK, Peeters PH, van Duijnhoven FJ, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Naska A, Lund E, Engeset D, Skeie G, Franceschi S, Slimani N, Rinaldi S, Riboli E.(PubMed)
(1) Anticancer Activity of Certain Herbs and Spices on the Cervical Epithelial Carcinoma (HeLa) Cell Line by Berrington D¹, Lall N.(PubMed)
(2) Modulating Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase-3 in induction of apoptosis by paeoniflorin in human cervical cancer cells by Zhang L¹, Zhang S.(PubMed)
(3) [Relevant study on apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells induced by paeoniflorin].

[Article in Chinese] by Zhang LL¹, Zhang SL, Wang SZ.(PubMed)

(4) A novel polysaccharide, isolated from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels induces the apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells through an intrinsic apoptotic pathway by Cao W¹, Li XQ, Wang X, Fan HT, Zhang XN, Hou Y, Liu SB, Mei QB.(PubMed) 

(5) In vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activity of formononetin on human cervical cancer cell line HeLa by Jin YM¹, Xu TM, Zhao YH, Wang YC, Cui MH.(PubMed) 

(6) Isoliquiritigenin induces caspase-dependent apoptosis via downregulation of HPV16 E6 expression in cervical cancer Ca Ski cells by Hirchaud F¹, Hermetet F, Ablise M, Fauconnet S, Vuitton DA, Prétet JL, Mougin C.(PubMed) 

(7)Shallot and licorice constituent isoliquiritigenin arrests cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis through the induction of ATM/p53 and initiation of the mitochondrial system in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells by Hsu YL¹, Chia CC, Chen PJ, Huang SE, Huang SC, Kuo PL.(PubMed)

(8) Liquiritigenin inhibits tumor growth and vascularization in a mouse model of HeLa cells by Liu Y¹, Xie S, Wang Y, Luo K, Wang Y, Cai Y.(PubMed) 

(9) The chemopreventive agent curcumin is a potent radiosensitizer of human cervical tumor cells via increased reactive oxygen species production and overactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by Javvadi P¹, Segan AT, Tuttle SW, Koumenis C(PubMed) 

(10) Modulation of human multidrug-resistance MDR-1 gene by natural curcuminoids by Limtrakul P¹, Anuchapreeda S, Buddhasukh D.(PubMed) 

(11) Chemopreventive potential and safety profile of a Curcuma longa extract in women with cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia by Joshi JV¹, Paradkar PH, Jagtap SS, Agashe SV, Soman G, Vaidya AB.(PubMed) 

(12) Curcumin counteracts the proliferative effect of estradiol and induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells by Singh M¹, Singh N.(PubMed)
(13) Anticancer effect of aloe-emodin on cervical cancer cells involves G2/M arrest and induction of differentiation by Guo JM¹, Xiao BX, Liu Q, Zhang S, Liu DH, Gong ZH.(PubMed)
(14) Antitumor effects of a natural anthracycline analog (Aloin) involve altered activity of antioxidant enzymes in HeLaS3 cells by Nićiforović A¹, Adzić M, Spasić SD, Radojcić MB.(PubMed)
(15) Synthesis and anti-tumor activity evaluation of rhein-aloe emodin hybrid molecule by Yuan YF¹, Hu XY, He Y, Deng JG.(PubMed)
(16) Emodin induces apoptosis of human cervical cancer cells through poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and activation of caspase-9 by Srinivas G¹, Anto RJ, Srinivas P, Vidhyalakshmi S, Senan VP, Karunagaran D.(PubMed)
(17) Emodin induces apoptosis of human cervical cancer hela cells via intrinsic mitochondrial and extrinsic death receptor pathway by Yaoxian W¹, Hui Y, Yunyan Z, Yanqin L, Xin G, Xiaoke W.(PubMed)
(18) [Study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins on increasing the radiosensitivity for X-ray].[Article in Chinese] by Pan XJ¹, Wang M, Wang XX, Liu B, Zhang H.(PubMed)
(19) The effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors or small interfering RNAs on gallic acid-induced HeLa cell death in relation to reactive oxygen species and glutathione by You BR¹, Park WH.(PubMed)
(20) Gallic acid inhibits the growth of HeLa cervical cancer cells via apoptosis and/or necrosis by You BR¹, Moon HJ, Han YH, Park WH.(PubMed)
(21) Diallyl sulfide promotes cell-cycle arrest through the p53 expression and triggers induction of apoptosis via caspase- and mitochondria-dependent signaling pathways in human cervical cancer Ca Ski cells by Chiu TH¹, Lan KY, Yang MD, Lin JJ, Hsia TC, Wu CT, Yang JS, Chueh FS, Chung JG.(PubMed)
(22) Diallyl sulfide induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HeLa human cervical cancer cells through the p53, caspase- and mitochondria-dependent pathways by Wu PP¹, Chung HW, Liu KC, Wu RS, Yang JS, Tang NY, Lo C, Hsia TC, Yu CC, Chueh FS, Lin SS, Chung JG.(PubMed)
(23) Anticarcinogenic properties of garlic: a review by Khanum F¹, Anilakumar KR, Viswanathan KR.(PubMed)
(24) Chemopreventive action of garlic on methylcholanthrene-induced carcinogenesis in the uterine cervix of mice by Hussain SP¹, Jannu LN, Rao AR.(PubMed)
(25) Ginsenosides extracted from nanoscale Chinese white ginseng enhances anticancer effect by Ji Y¹, Rao Z, Cui J, Bao H, Chen C, Shu C, Gong JR(PubMed)
(26) Ginsenoside Rd from Panax notoginseng is cytotoxic towards HeLa cancer cells and induces apoptosis by Yang ZG¹, Sun HX, Ye YP.(PubMed)
(27) P53-mediated GSH depletion enhanced the cytotoxicity of NO in silibinin-treated human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells by Fan S¹, Yu Y, Qi M, Sun Z, Li L, Yao G, Tashiro S, Onodera S, Ikejima T.(PubMed)
(28) Silymarin inhibits cervical cancer cell through an increase of phosphatase and tensin homolog by Yu HC¹, Chen LJ, Cheng KC, Li YX, Yeh CH, Cheng JT.(PubMed)
(29) Silibinin inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP1 signalling pathway in human cervical and hepatoma cancer cells: implications for anticancer therapy by García-Maceira P¹, Mateo J.(PubMed)
(30) Anticancer activity of the Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. preparations with different oxindole alkaloid composition by Pilarski R¹, Filip B, Wietrzyk J, Kuraś M, Gulewicz K.(PubMed)

Asthma in vitamin B12 points of view

The widespread of incidence of asthma over large 20 years in South East Asian population, specially in children and aging group has caused some concerns to the government and scientific community. It may be due to over intake in artificial ingredients, polluted environment as well as intake foods  triggering the inflammatory allergens.

Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, a water-soluble vitamin, found abundantly in a variety of foods, such as fish, shellfish, meat, eggs, dairy products, etc. plays an important role in regulating the functions of nervous system and formation of blood.

The conflict results
Epidemiological studies, linking vitamin B12 in reduced risk and treatment of asthma have produced inconclusive results. Some researchers through searching the data base of asthma studies suggested that insufficient evidence exists to recommend supplementation with any vitamin or nutrient acting as a methyl donor to prevent or treat asthma(1). Other found the conflict results in the associated risk of the disease(2). Other insisted no correlation between vitamin B12 intake and risk of asthma or atopy(3). Intake of vitamin B12 during pregnancy may effect the incidence of  asthma and asthmatic symptoms of offspring, but according to the Osaka Maternal and Child Health study, there was no correlation  between maternal consumption of folate, vitamin B(12) , vitamin B(6) , and vitamin B(2) during pregnancy and the risk of wheeze or eczema in the offspring(4).
Because of limitation of quantity of the studies in the data base to determine the risk of dietary intake of vitamin B12' effect on asthmatics. We recommend the use of vitamin B12 with care in pregnancy. As always, over doses of the vitamin B12 may induce symptoms of toxicity, including headache, giddiness and abnormal heart functioning, etc., please make sure to follow the guideline of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies.


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References
(1) Diet and asthma: vitamins and methyl donors by Han YY¹, Blatter J¹, Brehm JM¹, Forno E¹, Litonjua AA², Celedón JC³.(PubMed)
(2) Asthma, allergy, and responses to methyl donor supplements and nutrients by Sharma S¹, Litonjua A².(PubMed)
(3) Atopy, asthma, and lung function in relation to folate and vitamin B(12) in adults by Thuesen BH¹, Husemoen LL, Ovesen L, Jørgensen T, Fenger M, Gilderson G, Linneberg A.(PubMed)
(4) Maternal B vitamin intake during pregnancy and wheeze and eczema in Japanese infants aged 16-24 months: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study by Miyake Y¹, Sasaki S, Tanaka K, Hirota Y.(PubMed)

Food Therapy - Apricot

The apricot tree is about 8–12 m tall and a trunk up to 40 cm diameter belongs to the family Rosaceae. Apricot is classified with the family of the plum and has yellow to orange, often tinged red on the side which is exposed to the sun.

Nutrients
1. Energy
2. Carbohydrates
3. Dietary fiber
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Vitamin A
7. Beta-carotene
8. Vitamin C
9. Iron
10. Potassium
11. Tryptophan
12. Carotenoids
13. Etc.

Chemical constituents
Oleic acid, linoleic acid,  palmitic.acid, glycolipids, phospholipids, benzoic acid (I), isorhamnetin (II), quercetin (III), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (IV), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (V), isoquercitrin (VI), hypericin (VII) and rutin (VIII)(a) and flavonoid glycosides,  (b),

The health benefits
1. Apricot and Chronic gastritis
Chronic Gastritis is a condition of chronic inflammation of the stomach mucosa medications, NSAIDs, aspirin, ibuprofen, H. pylori, anemia, autoimmune disorders, etc.
the study of Japanese apricot (CJA) intake and Helicobacter pylori-related chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) showed a preventive of Japanese apricot in  inhibiting H. pylori infection and reducing active mucosal inflammation(1). In support of the apricot inhibitory effect, the Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, in the Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection study indicted that the Japanese apricot not only exhibit the suppressive effects on gastric cancer development through decreased numbers of Hp and improvement of Hp-induced chronic active gastritis on administration of CJA(2). In the study of Helicobacter pylori (HP) of 485 patients suffering from gastric diseases, 59.6% were due to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, the ¹Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine showed a positive effect of  decode including Prunus mume in treatment of Stomach Heat Syndrome(3).

References
(a) [Studies on the chemical constituents of flowers of Prunus mume].[Article in Chinese] by Zhang QH¹, Zhang L, Shang LX, Shao CL, Wu YX.(PubMed)
(b) Flavonoid glycosides from Prunus armeniaca and the antibacterial activity of a crude extract.

Rashid F¹, Ahmed R, Mahmood A, Ahmad Z, Bibi N, Kazmi SU.(PubMed)

(1) Inhibitory effects of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Siebold et Zucc.; Ume) on Helicobacter pylori-related chronic gastritis by Enomoto S¹, Yanaoka K, Utsunomiya H, Niwa T, Inada K, Deguchi H, Ueda K, Mukoubayashi C, Inoue I, Maekita T, Nakazawa K, Iguchi M, Arii K, Tamai H, Yoshimura N, Fujishiro M, Oka M, Ichinose M.(PubMed)

(2) Suppressive effects of fruit-juice concentrate of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. (Japanese apricot, Ume) on Helicobacter pylori-induced glandular stomach lesions in Mongolian gerbils by Otsuka T¹, Tsukamoto T, Tanaka H, Inada K, Utsunomiya H, Mizoshita T, Kumagai T, Katsuyama T, Miki K, Tatematsu M.(PubMed)

(3) [Relation between Helicobacter pylori and pathogenesis of chronic atrophic gastritis and the research of its prevention and treatment]. by[Article in Chinese] by Zhang L¹, Yang LW, Yang LJ.

(PubMed)

2. Apricot and Breast cancer
Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk. there is also rare cases that breast cancer starts in other areas of the breast. In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during life time of a women is 1/8.
MK615 is an extract mixture containing hydrophobic substances from Japanese apricot, showed to inhibited 2 breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-468 (MDA) and MCF7, through by cell cycle and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in vitro(1).

References
(a) [Studies on the chemical constituents of flowers of Prunus mume].[Article in Chinese] by Zhang QH¹, Zhang L, Shang LX, Shao CL, Wu YX.(PubMed)
(b) Flavonoid glycosides from Prunus armeniaca and the antibacterial activity of a crude extract.

Rashid F¹, Ahmed R, Mahmood A, Ahmad Z, Bibi N, Kazmi SU.(PubMed)
(1) New antineoplastic agent, MK615, from UME (a Variety of) Japanese apricot inhibits growth of breast cancer cells in vitro by Nakagawa A¹, Sawada T, Okada T, Ohsawa T, Adachi M, Kubota K.(PubMed) 

3. Apricot and liver cancer
MK615 is produced from Japanese apricot and contains several cyclic triterpenes.It's  oleanolic and ursolic acids have shown to strongly suppress cutaneous in-transit metastasis in a patient with malignant melanoma(1). In liver cancer, MK615 showed to inhibited liver cancer cell line lines, HuH7 and Hep3B, through increased the population of cells in G2/M phase. and suppressed the expression of Aurora A(1). The Takasaki General Center Hospital study also on extract Mk615, in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, the application showed  a positive effccts in decreased alpha-fetoprotein level and both the lymph node and pulmonary metastases in size and  prolonged survival in a 60-year-old female underwent surgical resection of a 9 cm HCC in the right lobe(2).

References
(1) Antitumor effect of Japanese apricot extract (MK615) on human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through a reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism by Hattori M¹, Kawakami K, Akimoto M, Takenaga K, Suzumiya J, Honma Y.(PubMed)
(1) A novel anti-cancer substance, MK615, from ume, a variety of Japanese apricot, inhibits growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing Aurora A kinase activity by Okada T¹, Sawada T, Osawa T, Adachi M, Kubota K.(PubMed)
(2) Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma responds to MK615, a compound extract from the Japanese apricot "Prunus mume" by Hoshino T¹, Takagi H, Naganuma A, Koitabashi E, Uehara S, Sakamoto N, Kudo T, Sato K, Kakizaki S.(PubMed)

4. Apricot and Pancreatic cancer
Cancer of pancreas or pancreatic cancer is defined as condition of a malignant neoplasm of the pancreas, as the cells have become cancerous and divided uncontrollably. Most pancreatic cancers start in the ducts (exocrine component of the pancreas) that carry pancreatic juices with cancer of an epithelium that originates in glandular tissue accounts for over 75 - 90% of all cases of exocrine cancers.
Japanese apricot extract (MK615) has contained aneffectively therapeutic value in treating human cancers through a reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism(1). In pancreatic cancer, MK615 extract significant inhibited 3 pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1, PK-1, and PK45H , through dual inhibition of Aurora A and B kinases(2).

References
(a) [Studies on the chemical constituents of flowers of Prunus mume].[Article in Chinese] by Zhang QH¹, Zhang L, Shang LX, Shao CL, Wu YX.(PubMed)
(b) Flavonoid glycosides from Prunus armeniaca and the antibacterial activity of a crude extract.

Rashid F¹, Ahmed R, Mahmood A, Ahmad Z, Bibi N, Kazmi SU.(PubMed)

(1) Antitumor effect of Japanese apricot extract (MK615) on human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through a reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism by Hattori M¹, Kawakami K, Akimoto M, Takenaga K, Suzumiya J, Honma Y.(PubMed)

(2) MK615 inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth by dual inhibition of Aurora A and B kinases by Okada T¹, Sawada T, Osawa T, Adachi M, Kubota K.(PubMed)

5. Apricot and Colon cancer
Bowel cancer also known as colorectal cancer, is defined as a condition of the abnormal proliferation of cells in the colon, rectum, or vermiform appendix. Bowl is divided in 2 parts, the first part of the bowel, the small bowl, is involved with the digestion and absorption of food. The 2nd part, the large bowel which consist the the colon and rectum, is involved in absorption of water from the small bowel contents and broken down of certain materials in the feces into substances of which some of them to be re absorbed and reused by the body. Bowel cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progress cancer and in predictable way.
Bowel cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in developed countries, including U>S and Canada.
The study of anti-neoplastic effects of MK615, conducted by Dokkyo University School of Medicine, indicated a sginificant inbibited 3 colon cancer cell lines, SW480, COLO, and WiDr through its exertion of  induction of apoptosis and autophagy(1).

Natural Remedies for Dementia Memory Loss ReversalGuarantee to Stop Progression and Reverse Memory Loss in Alzheimer and  Dementia  with step by step instructions through Scientific Studies  within 2 Months or your Money back
 
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

For over 100 healthy recipes, http://diseases-researches.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_17.html

References
(a) [Studies on the chemical constituents of flowers of Prunus mume].[Article in Chinese] by Zhang QH¹, Zhang L, Shang LX, Shao CL, Wu YX.(PubMed)
(b) Flavonoid glycosides from Prunus armeniaca and the antibacterial activity of a crude extract.Rashid F¹, Ahmed R, Mahmood A, Ahmad Z, Bibi N, Kazmi SU.(PubMed)

(1) New anti-proliferative agent, MK615, from Japanese apricot "Prunus mume" induces striking autophagy in colon cancer cells in vitro by Mori S¹, Sawada T, Okada T, Ohsawa T, Adachi M, Keiichi K.(PubMed)

Easy cooking Recipes

**1. Vikie's Gazpacho Dip(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Fresh summerflovors brust each scoop of this chunkydip. Tortilla chips are a good choice for dipping
3 tomatos, dices
3 avocados, peel, pitted, and diced
4 green onions, thinly sliced
4.5 Oz. can diced green chiles, undrained
3 T. olive oil
11/2 T. cider vinegar
1 t. garlic salt
1/4 pepper
Combined tomatos, avocados, onions and chiles in a large bowl; set asides, Whisk together olive oil and remaining 4 ingredients; drizzle over vegetable and toss well. Cover and chill. make 5 cups.

 by Vicke, Gooseberry Patch

**2. Cream Cheese Apple Dip(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Offer marshmallows and pretzels along side apple slices to go with this creamy dip.
8-Oz. pkg, cream cheese, soften
1/4 c. sugar
3/4 c. brown sugar, packed
1. t vanilla
1/2 toffee baking bits
apple slices
Blend together cream cheese and sugar; mix in vanilla. Stir in toffee bit. Serve at room temperature with apple slice/ Store in refrigerator. Make about 2 cups.

By Staci Meyers, Cocoa, FL

**3. Fruit Salsa with Cinnamon Chips(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Kiwis, apple, raspberries, and strawberry make up this colorful salsa. It 'll be a treat that guests will not want to miss.....especially when served with homemade cinnamon chips.
2 kiwis, peeld and diced
2 Golden delicious apples. cored, peeled and diced
1/2 Lb. raspberries
16 Oz. pkg. strawberry, bulled and diced
1 c. plus 2 T. sugar and divided
1 T. brown sugar, packed
3 T. strawberry preserses
1 to 2 T. cinnamon
10 (10-inch) flour tortillas, sliced into wedges
butter flavored non-stick vegetable spray

Combined all fruits into a large bowl, mix in 2 tsp. sugar, brown sugar and strawberry preserves. Cover and chill for 15 minutes.
Mix together remaining 1 cup of sugar and cinnamon. Arrange tortilla wedges in a single layer on an ungreased baking sheet; coat chips with butter flavored vegetable spray. Sprinkle with desired amount of cinnamon-sugar.
Bake at 350 degrees for 8 to 10 minutes. Repeat with remaining tortilla wedges, cool 15 minutes. Serve chips with chilled fruit mixture.
Makes 10 to 15 servings

Ashley Connelly, Louisa, VA

@*4. Macadamia Nut Dip(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Prepare horseradish lend a pungent bite to this otherwise mild and creamy appetizer

8-oz. pkg. cream cheese, softened
1/2 cup of sour cream
1 c. macadamia nuts, chopped
2 T. prepared horseradish
2 green inion, minced
1/8 t. garlic salt
assorted crackers
Mix together all ingredients except crackers; chill. Serve with crackers. Make 6 to 10 servings.

Judy Borecky
Escondido, CA

*5. Hot Chili Cheese Dip(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Be sure to know this hearty dip on your menu the next time family & friends are over to watch the big game..... it will be a hit.
1 lb. mild or spicy ground pork sausage, browned and drained
2 (103/4-oz. cans nacho cheese soup
15-oz. can chili with beans
141/2 oz. can tomatoes with chiles
16-oz. pkg. pasteurized process cheese spread, cubed
Combine all ingredients except cheese in a large saucepan over medium heat; cook until bubbly. Add cheese. Reduced heat; cook and stir until cheese is completely melted.
Make 6 to 7 cups.

David Wink
Gooseberry Patch

*6. Super Nachos(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Keep these simple ingredients around for a quick & easy snack the whole family will enjoy
2 (10-inch) flour tortillas
3/4 c. salsa
4.5-oz. can green chiles, drained and diced
1/2 c. sliced black olives
1 c. shredded Monterey Jack cheese
Place tortilla on an ungreased baking sheet: spread salsa over tortilla.prinkle chiles and olives over salsa; top with cheese.
bake at 425 degrees for 10 minutes or until tortillas are crisp and cheese is melted. Use a pizza cutter to slice each into 8 wedges.
Make 8 appetizer servings

Mary Murray
Gooseberry Patch

@7. Party Cheese Ball(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
For a festive preservation roll up this flavorful mixture into 7 mini cheese balls as pictured opposite. for just one , proceed as directed in the recipe, rolling mixture into one large ball.
2 (8-oz.) pkgs. cream cheese, soften
2 c. shredded sharp Cheddar cheese
1 t. pimento, chopped
1 t. onion minced
1 t. lemon juice
1 t. green pepper chopped
2 t. Worcestershire sauce
1/8 cayenne pepper
1/8 t, salt
optional: chopped pecans
Bleen cream cheese until light and fluffy; and Cheddar cheese and next 7 ingredients. Shape into 7 mini balls(about one cup each); wrap into plastic wrap and refrigerate until firm. Roll in pecans, id desired
Make 7 mini balls

Sarah Sommers
Atwater, CA

@*8. Pizza Crescent Snacks(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Offer a pizza buffet line. Put all ingredients in the separate bowls, and let everyone create their own pizza.
8-oz. tube refrigerated crescent rolls
14 -oz. jar pizza sauce
3/4 c. sliced pepperoni
3/4 sliced mushrooms
1 c. shredded mozzarella cheese
Unroll crescent rolls into individual triangles on an ungreased baking sheet. Spread a layer of pizza sauce over dough and top with pepperoni and mushrooms. Sprinkle cheese on top; roll up into crescent shape.
baking at 375 degrees for 18 to 25 minutes or until rolls are golden and cheese is bubbling,
Make 8 appetizers.

Beth Flack
Terre Haute, IN

*@9. Munchable Snack Mix(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
This sweet and salty mix is ideal to take along in a road trip. It's a snack that will appeal to savory and sweet lovers alike
2(12-oz.) pkgs. candy-coated chocolate mini baking bits
12-oz. can salted peanuts
11-oz. pkg. butterscotch chips
2. c. raisins
1. cashews

Combined all ingredients in a large mixing bowl, mix well. Place in plastic zipping bags.
Make 9 cups.

Coralita Truax
Loudonville, OH

*10. Ranch Pretzel Bites(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
This snack mix is a variation on one that uses oyster crackers. Whichever you use, eat up, because it won't last for long!
16-oz. pkg. large pretzels
2-oz. pkg. ranch salad dressing mix
3/4 c. oil
11/2 t. garlic powder
11/2 t, dill weed

Break pretzels into bite-size pieces; place in a large mixing bowl. Combined remaining ingredients in a separate mixing bowl and pour over pretzels; toss to coat, Pour into an ungreased baking sheet.
bake at 200 degrees for 1 hour, stirring every 15 minutes.
Make 16 serving
Note: small bite-size pretzels may be substituted for a large pretzels.

Susan Young
Madison, AL

*11. Cheese bread Bites(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
make up of this double patch of these yummy bites to have on hand for unexpected company.... or for yourself for snacking! They're handy snack, because you can bake just a few at a time when you want them.
12-oz loaf French bread, crust trimmed
1 c. butter
1/2 lb. sharp Cheddar cheese cubed
2(3-oz.) pkgs. cream cheese soften
4 eggs whites stiffly beaten
Optional: marinara sauce
Cut bread into 1 inch cubes; set aside. Melt butter and cheeses in a double boiler over low heat, stirring often. Remove from heat; fold in egg whites. Dip bread cubes into cheese mixture; set on greased baking sheets. Place into freezer until frozen: remove from baking sheets and store in plastic zipping bags in the freezer up to one month.
To serve, bake frozen bites at 400 degrees for 12 minutes on greased baking sheets. Serve with marinara sauce, if desired.
Serve 8 to 10.

Nola Laflin
Coral Springs, FL

*12. Crispy Parmesan Pita Crackers(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
These is great salad and dips. For added flavor, sprinkle with garlic powder herbs before baking.
5 pita round
non-stick vegetable spray
1/2 c. grated Parmesan cheese
Split pitas and cut each half into wedges. Arrange on a baking sheet; spray lightly with non- stick vegetable spray and sprinkle with grated Parmesan. bake at 450 degrees for 8 to 10 minutes or until crisp.
make 5 dozen.

Laura Fuller
Fort Wayne, IN

*13. Blue Cheese Cut-Out Crackers(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
These delicate cheese wafers carry a touch of hot pepper... but you can season to your own taste.
1 c. all purpose flour
7 T. crumbled blue cheese
1 egg yolk
4 t. whipping cream
7 T. butter, softened
1/2 dried parsley
1/8 tsp. salt
cayenne pepper tto taste
Mix all ingredients in a bowl; let rest for 80 minutes. Roll dough out to 1/8 inch thickness. Use your favorite cookie cutter shapes to cut out the crackers. bake on ungreased baking sheet at 400 degrees
for 8 to 10 minutes or just until golden. Carefully remove the delicate crackers when cool.
Make 11/2 to 2 dozen.

*14. Tomato-Bacon Nibbles(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
A 1/4 teaspoon measuring spoon is just right for scooping out tiny tomatoes for stuffing.
24 to 30 cherry tomatoes
16 oz. pkg. bacon crispy cooked and crumbled
2 T. fresh parsley chopped
1/2 cup green onions finely chopped
3 T. grated parmesan cheese
1/2 cup mayonnaise
Cut a thin slice off the top of each tomatoes and if desired, cut a thin slice from bottom of each tomatoes( so the tomatoes will stand up right); scoop out and discard tomato pulp. Place tomatoes upside-down on a paper towel to drain for 10 minutes.
Mix bacon and remaining 4 ingredients in a small bowl, stuff tomatoes. Serve immediately or chill up to 2 hours. Make 2 to 21/2 dozen

Anna Mcmaster
Porland OR

*15. Party Tortilla Wraps(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Talk about versatile. These wraps are a great go-to for a tasty appetizer. a special treat for the lunch box or a handy afternoon snack.
8 oz. container chive cream cheese
4(10 inches) flour tortillas
1 Lb. sliced cooked ham
8 oz. pkg. shredded American cheese
Spread craem cheese evenly over tortillas. Place several slices of ham on each tortilla, sprinkle with shredded cheese
Roll up tortillas. Place in refrigerator for 15 minutes. Cut into one-inch piece. make 40 appetizers.

Manly Hardy
Middleville, MI

*16. Chicken Bites(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Once your kids get a taste of these crispy bites, they'll forgo the fast-food version!

4 boneless skinless chicken breasts, cubed
1/2 cup mayonnaise
1 sleeve round butter crackers crushed
Toss chicken cubes in mayonnaise, roll in crushed crackers. Place on an aluminum foil lined baking sheet and bake at 350 degrees for 10 minutes. Turn lined another 10 minutes or until juices run clear, when chicken is pierced with a fork. make 4 dozen appetizers

Twila Heohn
Fruitland, ID

*17. Hot Jalapeno Poppers(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
This is sure to be a favorite appetizer for those love a bit of heat in every bite

16 whole preserved jalapeno peppers
2 (8 oz. pkg. cream cheese, softened
1 egg, beaten
1 cup dry bread crumbles
1/2 cup vegetable oil

Open the end of each pepper with a small knife to remove the stem and seeds. using a pastry tube or a small sandwich bag with one corner cut off, fill each pepper with cream cheese, coat peppers in beaten egg and then dip in bread crumbles
Heat oil in a large skillet over medium heat, carefully place peppers in the pan and cook until golden, turning occasionally. Grain on paper towels. Serve 4.

@*18.Cheesy Potato Skins(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Make a meal out of this by adding your favorite meat.... barbecue pork, ham and chicken are all good choices.
4 Potatoes, bake and halved
1/2 cup shedded Cheddar cheese
1/2 cup shredded mozzarella cheese
2 green onions, chopped
4 t. bacon bites
Place potatoes on an ungreased baking sheet, sprinkle with cheeses. Top with onion and bacon; heat until cheese melts
Serve 4 to 8.
Dolores Brock
Wellton, AZ

@*19. Italian eggplant Sticks(Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn)
Served with marinara sauce or even salsa, this Italian-season veggies will get a big thumbs up from family and friends

3 eggplant peeled
1. cup Italian favored dry bread crumbs
1 tsp. salt
1 tsp. pepper
3 eggs
1/4 cup milk
oil for deep frying
Cue eggplant into3''x1/2' stick; place in ice water for 30 minutes. drain and set aside.
Combined bread crumbs, salt and pepper; set a side. Blend together eggs and milk in a shallow bowl, dip eggplant sticks into egg mixture and dredge in bread crumbs mixture. Arrange eggplant on an ungreased baking sheet. Cover and chill for 20 minutes.
Pour oil to a depth of one inch in a deep skillet; heat oil to 275 degrees. Add eggplant and cook 2 minutes on each side or until golden. Drain on paper towels. Serve 6

Karen Pitcher
Burleson, TX

@*20. Grape Jelly Meatballs
Meat balls are always a crowd please... especially this version that uses grape jelly. Serve them in a slow cooker to keep them warm.

1 Lb. ground beef
1/2 cup soft bread crumbs
1 egg
1/2 tsp. pepper
1/2 tsp. seasoned salt
1/2 tsp. garlic powder
1/2 cup instant rice, uncooked
2 onions. minced and divided
2 T. brown sugar, packed
14 oz. bottle catsup
3/4 cup grape jelly
1/2 tsp. Worcestershire sauce

Combined first 8 ingredients in a bowl; add half the onions and mixed well. Form mixture into one inch balls. Arrange in an ungreased shallow baking pan, set aside.
Combined brown sugar and remaining 3 ingredients in a heavy saucepan; cook until jelly melts, stirring often. Pour jelly mixture over meatballs. bake at 325 degrees for one hour. Served 4 to 6.

Karrie barley
Martinsburg, WV(31)


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Fresh and Easy Meals by Better Homes and Gardens
@*1. Honey-Mustard snack Mix

Prep.:  10 minutes
Bake 20 minutes
Oven 300 degrees F
Make 15(1/2 cup) servings

11/2 cups crispy corn and rice cereal
1 cup bite-size shredded wheat biscuits
3/4 cup unblanched whole almonds
1/2 cup peanuts
2 tsp. butter
3 tsp. honey mustards
1 tsp. Worcestershire sauce
1/4 tsp. garlic powder
1/4 tsp. cayenne pepper
4 cups plain popped popcorn

In a foil-lined 13x9x2 inch baking pan place cereal, wheat, biscuits, almonds and peanuts; set a side. In a small saucepan melt butter. Removed saucepan from heat; stir in mustard, Worcestershire sauces, garlic powder, and cayenne pepper until combined. Drizzle over cereal and nut mixture in pan tossing gently to coat.
Bake mixture, uncovered, in 300 degrees oven for 20 minutes, gently stirring after 10 minutes. Stir in popcorn. Lift foil to remove bake mixture from pan; cool completely. Serve immediately.

Nutrition facts per serving: 113 Cal, 8 g total fat(2 g sat. fat). 4 mg cholesterol, 87 mg sodium, 9 g carbo, 2 g fiber, 3 g pro.
.Daily values: 2% vitamin A, 1% vitamin C, 2% calcium, 8% iron.


@*2. Hot and spicy Walnuts
Nut hits the spot as snack, and this snack is loaded with them. walnuts have more heart-healthy Omega-3 fat than other nuts. Use canola oil in the recipe to boost it Omega 3 content even more.

Prep. 10 minutes
Bake 20 minutes
Cool 15 minutes
Oven 300 degree F
Make 8 (1/4 cup) servings

1 tsp. ground coriander
1 tsp. ground cumin
!/2 tsp. salt
1/4 tsp. freshly ground black pepper
1/2 tsp. cayenne pepper
2 cups walnuts halves
1 tsp. cooking oil

In a small bowl stir together coriander, cumin, salt, black pepper, and cayenne pepper; set aside. Place nuts in a 13x9x2 inch baking pan. Drizzle with the oil, stir to coat. Sprinkle with choice mixture; toss lightly.
Baking in a 300 degrees oven for 20 munities or until nuts are slightly toasted, stirring once or twice. Cool in pan for 15 minutes. Turn out onto paper towels; cool completely. Store, covered in a cool place.
Nutrition facts per serving: 214 Cal. 21 g total fat(2g sat. fat), O mg cholesterol, 147 mg sodium, 4g carbo, 2 g fiber, 5 g pro.
Daily value: 1% vitamin C, 3% calcium, 5% iron.

@*3. Spiced chili nuts and seeds
Pick your favorite nuts and seed for this snack recipe. Orange juice concentration spiked with piquant spices gives the mixture a burst of favor.

Prep. 10 minutes
Bake 15 minutes
Oven 300 degrees F
Make 16 (1/4 cup) serving

2 tsp. frozen orange juice concentrate thawed.
2 tsp. Worcestershire sauce
1 tsp. garlic powder
1 tsp. ground cumin
1 tsp. chili powder
1/2 tsp. cayenne pepper
1/4 tsp. salt
1/4 tsp. ground allspice
1.4 tsp. onion salt
2 cups unsalted peanuts, hazelnuts, and/or Brazil nuts
1 cup pecan halves
6 tsp. unsalted shelled sunflower seeds
2 tsp. sesame seeds
Non stick cooking tray

In a large bowl, combined orange juice concentrate, Worcestershire sauce, garlic powder, cumin, chili powder, cayenne pepper,salt, allspice, black pepper and onion salt. Stir in nuts and seeds; toss to coat.
Line a 15x10x1 inch baking pan with foil; slightly coat with nonstick cooking spray. Spread nuts and seed on foil. Bake in a300 degrees oven for 15 to 20 minutes or until toasted, stirring once. Cool. Store in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 1 week.

Nutrition facts per serving: 186Cal, 16 g total fat(2 g sat. fat), 0mg cholesterol, 59 sodium, 7 g carbo, 3 g fiber, 6 g pro.
daily value: 2% vitamin A, 6% vitamin C, 2% calcium, 5% iron.


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Company Coming salads  by Jean Pare

@*1. Garden Toss(Company Coming salads  by Jean Pare)
Refreshing and crisp with a creamy. Contains an excellent mixture
Tiny frozen peas, thawed  1cup   250 ml
Chopped celery   2./3 cup 150 ml
Fined chopped onion  1/4 cup  50 ml
salad dressing (or mayonnaise)  1/2 cup  125 ml
Milk 3 tbsp.  50 ml
Prepared mustard   1/2 tsp.  2 ml
Granulated sugar   1/2 tsp. 2 ml
Salt 1/4 tsp.  1 ml
Pepper 1/16 tsp.  0.5 ml
Head lettuce, cut or torn, lightly packed 4 cups  1L
dark green, such as Romaine or spinach, cut or torn, lightly packed

Combined peas, celery and onion in a large bowl.
Mix next 6 ingredients in a small container. Add to celery mixture. Stir.
Cover and chill until before serving
Add lettuce, dark greens and bacons. Toss to coat. Serve 6.

@*2. Creamy Caesar(Company Coming salads  by Jean Pare)
Caesar dressing
1 garlic clove
1 large egg(or 2 small)
1 tsp.(5 ml) Worcestershine sauces
2 tbsp. (30ml) lemon juice
2 tsp. (10ml) Anchovy paste
Pepper just a dash
1 cup (250ml) cooking oil

Croutons
1 garlic clove. sliced
2 tbsp. (30ml) butter or margarine
4-5 white bread slices, cubed

Salad
1 large head Romaine lettuce
2 cups (500ml) Croutons

8 bacon slices
Cooked and crumbled
Grated Parmesan cheese

Caesar dressing: Put first 6 ingredients into blender. Blend until smooth. With blender running adding cooking oil in a slow stream. Chill about 2 hours.
Crouton: Saute garlic in butter for 2 to 3 minutes. Remove garlic and discard. Add bread cubes. fry until golden, stirring often. remove. Cool
Salad: tear lettuce into bite size pieces in a salad bowl. Add croutons and dressing. Toss to coat.
Sprinkle with bacon and cheese. Serve 6.


@*3. Spinach make ahead(Company Coming salads  by Jean Pare)
This is a green that can be made "the day before"

6 cups (1.5 L) spinach leaves, torn, lightly packed
1/2 cup (125ml) grated or cubed Swiss cheese
1/2 cup (125 ml) grated or cubed Cheddar cheese
2 cups (500 ml) sliced fresh mushroom
4 hard-boiled eggs, sliced

1 cup (250 ml) salad dressing (mayonnaise)
1/2 cup (125 ml) sour cream
3 tbsp. (50ml) milk
2 tsp. (10ml) lemon juice
2 tsp. (10ml) granulated sugar
1/4 cup (50ml) thinly slice green onions
4 bacon slice, cooked and crumbled

Arrange torn green spinach leaves in bottom of the medium size glass bowl. Put grated cheese on top. Spread mushrooms over cheese. Cover with sliced eggs.
In a small cream well, salad dressing, sour cream, milk, lemon juice and sugar. Stir in onions. Bread over top of salad right to the slices of bowl. Cover. Chilled overnight.
To serve remove cover, sprinkle bacon over top. Serve 8.

Romaine make ahead: Omit spinach and use Romaine lettuce in above salad. Every bit as good.

Variation: Omit salad dressing and sour cream. Add 8 oz. (250g) cream cheese mixed with1/2 cup (125 ml) sour cream

@*4. Lettuce tomato(Company Coming salads  by Jean Pare)

A pretty salad to brighten appetites

1/4 lettuce, solid medium head
2-3 green onions, chopped
1-2 tomatoes, cut into small chunks
1/4 to 1/2 cup (50-125 ml) salad dressing (or mayonnaise) to coat
Cut a tear lettuce into bite size pieces in a salad bowl. Add green onions. Add tomatoes just before serving as not dilute dressing. Add salad dressing. Toss to coat. Serve 4.


@*5. Spinach salad(Company Coming salads  by Jean Pare)
Not the usual spinach salad. Different and tastier.
Dressing
1/2 cup (125 ml) salad dressing (or mayonnaise)
1/4 cup (60 ml) commercial coleslaw dressing
1/4 tsp. (1 ml) dill weed

Salad
6 cups (1.5 ml) spinach leaves, torn and lightly packed
1/4 cups (60 ml) grated Swiss cheese
1 cup (250 ml) fresh sliced mushrooms
6 bacon slice, cooked and crumbled
2. hard- boiled eggs, chopped

Dressing: Combined all 3 ingredients in a small bowl. Stir. Set aside.
salad: Place spinach in a large bowl. Add about 3/4 dressing. Toss to coat. pile onto 4 to 6sald plates
Sprinkle Swiss cheese over top. Sprinkle with mushrooms, bacon and egg. Drizzle remaining dressing over top. Serve immediately. Serve 4 to 6.

Variation: Swiss cheese may be omitted. Double amount of Cheddar for equally good results.

Romaine salad: substitute Romaine lettuce for spinach leaves. Delicious and easier to obtain at time than spinach.

6.Wilted lettuce



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Working parents by Jeff and Jodie Morgan

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The vegetarian collection  by Alison Kent and Canadian living test Chicken

@*1. Lentil Feta salad(The vegetarian collection  by Alison Kent and Canadian living test Chicken)
prep. 20 minutes, cook 25 minutes, make 6 serving
1/2 cup (125 ml) slivered almond
1 cup (250 ml) dried green lentils, rinsed and drained
2 cloves garlics
1/4 cup (60 ml) extra virgin olive oil
3 tbsp. (45 ml) red wine vinegar
1 tbsp. (15 ml) finely chopped fresh oregano
1/4 tsp. (1ml) each salt and pepper
11/2 cups(375 ml) sliced seeded cucumber
1 cup (250 ml) halved cherry or grape tomatoes
1/2 cup (125 ml) diced sweet or red onion, rinsed and drained
2 tbsp. (30 ml) chopped fresh parsley
3/4 cup (175 ml) crumbled feta cheese

In  small dry skillet, toast almonds over medium heat, stirring often, until golden, about 5 minutes.
Bring large pot of salted water to boil. Add lentils and garlic, reduced heat and simmer until tender about 20 minutes. Drain and rinse in cold water, drain again. Discard garlic.
In large bowl, whisk together oil, vinegar, oregano, salt and pepper. Add lentils, cucumber, tomatoes, onion and parsley, toss to coast.
Stir in almonds and all but 1/4 cup (60ml) of the feta: sprinkle with remaining feta just before serving.

@*2. Peasant soup(The vegetarian collection  by Alison Kent and Canadian living test Chicken)
Prep. 10 minutes, cook 15 minutes, make 6 serving
2 tbsp. (30 ml) vegetable oil
3 stacks celery, diced
2 carrots, diced
1 onion, diced
5 cloves garlic, minced
1/2 tsp. (2ml) salt
1/2 tsp. (2ml) dried mint
1/4 tsp. (1ml) turmeric
1 can (28 oz./796 ml) whole tomatoes
1/3 cup (75 ml) dried green lentils, rinsed and drained
1 tbsp. (15 ml) tomato paste
1/2 cup (125 ml) mini shell pasta
1 can (19 oz./ 540 ml) bean medley, drained and rinsed
2 tbsp. (30 ml) chopped fresh parsley

In large saucepan or Dutch oven, heat oil over medium heat, fry celery, carrots, onion, garlic salt mint, turmeric, stirring occasionally until softened about 6 minutes.
Stir in tomatoes, breaking up with back of spoon; stir in lentils, tomato paste and 41/2 cups (1125ml) water. Bring to boil, reduced heat and simmer. covered until lentils are tender about 25 minutes.
Meanwhile, in large pot of boiling salted water, cook pasta until al dente, about 8 minutes. Drain and add to soup along with beans and parsley; simmer for 5 minutes.(16)






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4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books)

*1. Almond bread slice(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Make 15 slices
4 egg whites
1/2 cup sugar
1 cup oil purpose flour 1 cup sliced almonds
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. beat egg whites until stiff, then add sugar and bear for 1 minutes. Stir in a lined loaf pan and bake for 40 minutes. Re move loaf from oven but leave oven on. When cool enough to handle, thinly slice loaf and place slices on a baking sheet.
Return to oven for 10 minutes or until browned.

*2. Bacon and egg muffin(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 1
A recipe from Brett McCosker
1 egg
1 slice bacon
1 English muffin
1 tsp. barbecue sauce

Ina small skillet, fry egg and bacon, drain on paper towels. Toast muffin a toaster, spread with barbecue sauce and top with bacon and egg.
Optional: add a slice of cheese.

*3. Bircher Muesli(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 1
1/2 cup natural muesli
1/2 cup orange juice
2 tsp. plain yogurt
1 green apple, grated Soak muesli in Juice for 15 minutes. Mix the remaining ingredients and serve.

*4. Broil apple, banana and Ricotta stack(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 1
This is a charming break fast. Your guests will be impressed

1 apple, sliced
1 banana, sliced
2 tsp. fresh ricotta cheese
1 tsp. honey

preheat the broiler. broil apple for 3 minutes or until soft. On a plate, layer apple and banana. Top with ricotta and drizzle with honey.
Optional: This  is also delicious done with pear rather than apple or a combination of both.

*5. Broil Grapefruit(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 2
2 medium grapefruit (Ruby red and Rio red are sweeter varieties)
1 tsp. honey
1 tsp. brown sugar
6 ounces vanilla yogurt
Preheat the broiler. Haves each grapefruit and carefully loosen's segments with a sharp knife. Combined honey and brown sugar. Place grapefruit in a small ovenproof dish and drizzle with honey sugar mixture. Broil for 3 to 4 minutes, or until slightly browned. Serve with yogurt.

*6. Broil pears with yogurt(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 2

2 pears, halved lengthwise and cored
1/4 cup of yogurt (flavor of your choice)
Preheat the broiler. Broil pears cut sides up to 3 minutes or until soft. Top with yogurt.

 *7.  Chestnut topping(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 2
3 tsp. butter
1 tsp. brown sugar
4 - 5 ounces cooked peeled chestnuts, finely chopped
Melt butter in a small skillet. Add brown sugar and stir until dissolved. Add chestnuts and sauté until barely browned.

8. Chili and sugar-bake bacon(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 4
2 tsp. mild chili powder
3/4 cup packed brown sugar
12 thick slices smoked bacon
Preheat the oven to 325 degrees F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Mix chili powder and brown sugar in a shallow bowl. bury each pieces of bacon in the mix and rub both side to coat well. Place bacon on baking sheet and bake for 30 minutes without turning until nice and crispy.

*9. Citrus Pancakes(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 4
1 cup self-rising flour
1 egg
1 cup milk
Finely grated zest of 1 orange
Pop flour into a bowl with pinch of salt. gradually beat in egg and with milk until thick and smooth. Add orange zest. heat a non-stick skillet. Pour desired quantity into skillet, cook until bubbling on top. and then flip.

Optional: Serve with maple syrup, lemon juice and sugar, honey or stewed fruits.

*10. English muffin with strawberries(4 Ingredients by Kim McCosker and Rachael Bermingham (Atria Books))
Serve 1
This is a lovely way to start the day!

1 English muffin
2 tsp. cream cheese
6 strawberries, quartered
2 tsp. maple syrup
Cut muffin in half and toast. Spread cream cheese on both halves, top with strawberries and drizzle with maple syrup.

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125 Best Chinese Recipe1 By Bill Jones and Stephen Wong (Robert Rose)

@1. Chicken stock
5 lb. chicken backs and necks
3 large onion, peeled and roughly chopped
3 carrots, roughly chopped
3 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
1/2 garlic head
8 slice ginger root
1 small handful mixed herbs(cilantro, basil, etc.)
5 whole pepper corns
1tbsp salt (preferred sea salt)
20 cups water
1. Place ingredients in a large stockpot, adding more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 3 hours, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.


@2. Fisk stock
5 lb. fish bones, rinse under cold water to remove any blood
3 large onion, peeled and roughly chopped
2 leeks, washed and roughly chopped
3 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
1 head fennel, sliced
3 bay leaves
1 small mixed herb (cilantro, basil, etc.)
5 whole pepper corns
2 tsp. fennel seed
2 tsp. whole allspice
2 tsp. whole coriander seed
2 cups white wine
20 cups water
1. Place ingredients in a large stockpot, adding more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 1 hour, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.

@3. Beef stock
5 lb. beef bone a(shine or neck)
3 large onion, peeled and roughly chopped
3 carrots, roughly chopped
3 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
1/2 garlic head
1/2 cup tomato paste
3 bay leaves
1 small handful thyme
1 small handful rosemary
1 small handful marjoram
1 bunch parsley stalks
5 whole pepper corns
20 cups water
1, Pace bone in a pan and roast until lightly golden, about 2 hours. Add vegetables and garlic; roast 1 hour. Add tomato paste, stirring to coat. roast 30 minutes.
1. Place roast bones and vegetables in a large stockpot, add remain ingredients. Add more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 8 hours, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. Strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.

@4. Vegetable stock
4 large onions, peeled and roughly chopped
2 leeks, washed and roughly chopped
5 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
3 bay leaves
1 small mixed herb (cilantro, basil, etc.)
10 whole pepper corns
1/2 head garlic
2 ginger slices
1 tsp. fennel seed
1 tsp. whole allspice
1 tsp. whole coriander seed
2 cups white wine
20 cups water
1. Place ingredients in a large stockpot, adding more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 2 hours, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.

@5. Home style 5 spice mix
2 tbsp. fennel seeds
2 tbsp. clove sticks
2 tbsp. star rinse
2 tbsp. Szechuan peppercorns
2 cinnamon sticks
1. In a nonstick pan over medium heat, cook the spices, shaking the pan constantly. When the pan just begins to smoke, remove from heat transfer contents to a place to cool.
2 In a small coffee or spice grinder ( you canalso use a mortar and pestle or blender or food processor) grind spices until a fine powder is obtained. transfer to a small, sealable plastic container and reserve until needed

@4. Sweet Soya sauce substitute
1 cup dark soya sauce
2 tbsp. brown sugar
1 tbsp. dark molassess
Place ingredients in a small bowl; mix well to combine. Cover and store in refrigerator until needed


@5. Ginger green onion pesto
1 cup sliced green onions
2 tbsp. minced ginger root
1tsp. salt
1 cup vegetable oil
1/2 cup sesame seeds
In a food processor or blender, combine all ingredients. Pulse on and off until the mixture achieves a uniform consistency. transfer to a sealable container and refrigerate.


@6. Toasted chill oil
2 tbsp. dried chili flakes
2 cups vegetable oil
1. in a heavy skillet or small saucepan, heat chili flakes until toasted and almost smoking. carefully pour in the oil and heat for 1 minute. remove from heat and allow the flavors to infude for at least 20 minutes.
2. transfer to a sterilized glass jar or bottle and refrigerate.


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Asthma in Folate points of view

The widespread of incidence of asthma over large 20 years in South East Asian population, specially in children and aging group has caused some concerns to the government and scientific community. It may be due to over intake in artificial ingredients, polluted environment as well as intake foods  triggering the inflammatory allergens.

Folate, also known as folic acid, vitamin B9, is a water soluble vitamin, found abundantly in leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, beans, whole grain, etc. The vitamin plays an important role in synthesize DNA, repair DNA, and methylate DNA as well as to act as a cofactor in certain biological reactions, production of red blood cells for anemia prevention.

1. Serum levels of folate
 Scientific studies, linking serum levels of folate associated to risk of asthma have produced inconsistent results. The study by Ain Shams University showed that serum folate levels are significantly lower among atopics, and correlate inversely with the degree of atopy  among asthmatics(1). Other researchers suggested that low serum folate and impaired folate metabolism may be a potential risk factors for development of asthma and atopic disease, according to The Capital Region of Denmark, in a random sample of 6784 persons from a general population aged 30-60 years participated in a health examination in 1999-2001, low levels of serum of folate were associated with self-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma and attacks of shortness of breath, but not with lung function or atopy(2). The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine study also indicated that the effects of serum levels of folate were associated inversely associated with high total IgE levels, atopy, and wheeze(3).

2. The effects of folate in maternal intake
Folic acid supplementation has an established role in early pregnancy for preventing neural tube defects, but its causes of childhood asthma and asthmatic symptoms in epidemiological studies have been inconclusive results. According to the University of Western Australia, maternal folic acid exposure may be associated to childhood asthma and wheeze(4). Other in the study of pre-natal FACSs exposure population showed a small increased risk of early wheeze, but no adverse association of respiratory or allergic outcomes(5). In the study using the data from an Australian prospective birth cohort study (n = 557) from 1998 to 2005. At 3.5 years and 5.5 years, 490 and 423 mothers and children participation, researchers at the The University of Adelaide, indicated the correlation of the supplementation with folate in pregnancy and incidence of childhood allergic asthma through epigenetic mechanisms and also associated with poorer respiratory outcomes in young children(6).

Since the search of the effect of folate intake in reduced risk and treatment of asthma have produced limitation of result, we concluded that folate deficiency or low levels of folate may be associated to increased risk of early onset of the disease, but multi centers and large sample size studies are necessary to improve its validation. Overdoses of folate may cause stomach problems, sleep problems, skin reactions, seizures, etc., please make sure you follow the guideline of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies.

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References
(1) Study of folate status among Egyptian asthmatics by Farres MN¹, Shahin RY, Melek NA, El-Kabarity RH, Arafa NA.(PubMed)
(2) Atopy, asthma, and lung function in relation to folate and vitamin B(12) in adults by Thuesen BH¹, Husemoen LL, Ovesen L, Jørgensen T, Fenger M, Gilderson G, Linneberg A.(PubMed)
(3) Higher serum folate levels are associated with a lower risk of atopy and wheeze by Matsui EC¹, Matsui W.(PubMed)
(4) Folic acid in pregnancy - is there a link with childhood asthma or wheeze? by Sharland E¹, Montgomery B, Granell R.(PubMed)
(5) Maternal use of folic acid supplements during pregnancy, and childhood respiratory health and atopy by Bekkers MB¹, Elstgeest LE, Scholtens S, Haveman-Nies A, de Jongste JC, Kerkhof M, Koppelman GH, Gehring U, Smit HA, Wijga AH.(PubMed)
(6) Effect of supplemental folic acid in pregnancy on childhood asthma: a prospective birth cohort study by Whitrow MJ¹, Moore VM, Rumbold AR, Davies MJ.(PubMed)