Lung toxicity or pulmonary toxicity refers to the toxicity induced by the side effects of the lung in patients under chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
The most common drugs associated with lung toxicity used for the treatment of cancer include Arsenic trioxide (Trisenox®) Bleomycin (Blenoxane®)1 Idarubicin (Idamycin®).
However, lung toxicity is also caused by inhaling chemical compounds, the most famous (infamous) example is pulmonary toxicity due to asbestos. air pollution and airborne particulate matter produced by car traffic, overland traffic (trucks), industrial production facilities, and cigarette smoking.
Symptoms of lung damage or toxicity are a shortage of breath, breathlessness during exercise, fatigue dry cough Shortness of breath, particularly the symptoms that worsen when lying on your back breath.
Acute pulmonary toxicity, the damage to the lungs that resolves with a short period of time by addressing the cause.
Conventionally, most common treatments of lung toxicity are the use of
* Corticosteroids to decrease inflammation and relieve the cough and pain
*Narcotics to reduce pain medications and promote breathing center
* Oxygen therapy to increase oxygen in the blood and prevent shortness of breath.
In severe cases, patients may be sent to the hospital for pulmonary (lung) rehabilitation.
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.
The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.
On finding a natural compound for the treatment of lung toxicity scientists evaluated the protective effects of curcumin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants status in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of a nicotine-treated animal model.
Wistar rats selected to the study were induced lung toxicity by subcutaneous injection of nicotine at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight (5 days a week, for 22 weeks) and following by administration of curcumin (80 mg/kg body weight) given simultaneously by intragastric intubation for 22 weeks.
Before injecting curcumin, injection of nicotine rats showed the increased biochemical marker enzymes, lipid peroxides in BALF and BAL accompanied by a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidants in the lung.
Following the treatment of curcumin, infected rats showed a significantly lowered the biochemical marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidant status.
Based on the results, researchers said, "The results of the present study suggest that curcumin exerts its protective effect against nicotine-induced lung toxicity by modulating the biochemical marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation and augmenting antioxidant defense system".
In order to reveal more information about turmeric detoxed activity, researchers examined the protective role of curcumin and a synthetic analog of curcumin (BDMC-A) on nicotine-induced oxidative stress.
Male albino rats of Wistar strain selected to the study induced lung toxicity by subcutaneous injection of nicotine at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight (five days a week, for 22 weeks) and followed by the treatment of curcuminoids given simultaneously by intragastric intubation for 22 weeks.
Nicotine-treated groups before injection of curcumin showed increased oxidative stress, as evidenced by lipid peroxidation indices.
Injection of curcumin and BDMC-A not only restored the antioxidant status which was decreased in the nicotine-treated group.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "The present study suggests that BDMC-A exerts its protective effect by modulating the extent of lipid peroxidation and augmenting the antioxidant defense system".
Taken altogether, turmeric processed a high amount of bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention of lung toxicity, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of turmeric in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Curcumin ameliorates oxidative stress during nicotine-induced lung toxicity in Wistar rats by Kalpana C1, Menon VP. (PubMed)
(2) Comparative effects of curcumin and its synthetic analogue on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status during nicotine-induced toxicity by Kalpana C1, Sudheer AR, Rajasekharan KN, Menon VP. (PubMed)
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