Medical Advisor Journals

Tuesday, June 21, 2016

The Obesity' Research and Studies of No longer just a pretty face: fashion magazines' depictions of ideal female beauty from 1959 to 1999

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

(1) "No longer just a pretty face: fashion magazines' depictions of ideal female beauty from 1959 to 1999" by Sypeck MF, Gray JJ, Ahrens AH.

The Smoothie of Alfalfa Sprouts Juice, Panax Ginseng for Prevention and Treatment of Amenorrhea

The Incredible and Effective smoothie for Prevention and treatment of Amenorrhea
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
7/8 cup Alfalfa Sprouts Juice
1/8 cup honey for taste
1 cup Panax ginseng drink (Make from 2 grams of Panax ginseng powder and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and let cool to room temperature)
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately
Urogenital atrophy is a condition of changes in the vagina and urethra due to declining estrogen levels in these tissues.

The finding of a natural source for reduced risk and treatment of Amenorrhea to replace the conventional medicine has been running into many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially with promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in either large sample size and mutli centers human trials.

Amenorrhea is an absence of period for at least three cycles (six months), excluding before puberty, during pregnancy, and after menopause.
Estrogen therapy significant increase of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and LH response to GnRH were noted after recovery in patient with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA)(1).
According to the Keiju Medical Center, phytoestrogen found in black soy bean resumed the anovular menstrual cycle, suffering from secondary amenorrhea(2).

Injection of phytoestrogen orally may be benefits for women with Amenorrhea as it has shown to consist anti estrogenic and estrogenic(4) effect depending to the levels of estrogen of the patients.
According to University La Sapienza, in the study of a total of 134 women aged 25-35 years, who were infertile for at least 2 years and who had oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea associated with a positive menstrual response to the intramuscular progesterone-challenge test, showed that high dose of phytoestrogens increased follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and 17beta-estradiol plasma concentrations and can reverse the deleterious effects of clomiphene citrate on endometrial thickness and could contribute to higher pregnancy rates.(3).

Ginseng is a slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, the genus Panax, belongings to the family Araliaceae. Depending to the climate where it grows, ginseng can be classified mainly into Panax ginseng Asian ginseng (root), Red ginseng, wild ginseng, American ginseng (root). The herb(Panax ginseng) may be used for treatment of reduced estrogen levels due to aging in women because of its ginsenoside Rb in exhibited phytoestrogen like effects(5).

According to the China Pharmaceutical University in ovariectomized mice study suggested that ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) isolated from Panax ginseng, increased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentration via its estrogen-like effect(6).

The effectiveness of Cabbage, Honey and Panax Ginseng Powder may serve as cornerstones of pharmaceutical target for further studies in production of a potential medication for for Reduced Risk of Consequences of Urogenital atrophy with little or no adverse effects.
Intake of Smoothie of Alfalfa Sprouts Juice, Panax Ginsengr may Reduced Risk and treatment of Amenorrhea
Life style and dietary patter change are recommended.

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

References
(1) Resumption of menstruation and pituitary response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in functional hypothalamic amenorrhea subjects undertaking estrogen replacement therapy by Shen ZQ1, Xu JJ, Lin JF.(PubMed)
(2) The effect of soybeans on the anovulatory cycle by Kohama T1, Kobayashi H, Inoue M.(PubMed)
(3) High dose of phytoestrogens can reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: a randomized trial by bUnfer V1, Casini ML, Costabile L, Mignosa M, Gerli S, Di Renzo GC.(PubMed)
(4) Phytoestrogen content and estrogenic effect of legume fodder by Saloniemi H1, Wähälä K, Nykänen-Kurki P, Kallela K, Saastamoinen I.(PubMed)
(5) Beneficial estrogen-like effects of ginsenoside Rb1, an active component of Panax ginseng, on neural 5-HT disposition and behavioral tasks in ovariectomized mice by Hao K1, Gong P1, Sun SQ1, Hao HP1, Wang GJ1, Dai Y2, Liang Y1, Xie L1, Li FY1.(PubMed)
(6) Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the estrogen-like effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on neural 5-HT in ovariectomized mice by Hao K1, Gong P, Sun SQ, Hao HP, Wang GJ, Dai Y, Chen YC, Liang Y, Xie L, Li FY, Li HY.(PubMed)

Herbal therapy: Popular Herbal Horehound (Marrubium vulgare)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Horehound (Marrubium vulgare)

Horehound is a flowering plant of the genus Marrubium, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe. The herb has been used in traditional medicine to relieve pain and inflammation, aid digestion, soothe sore throats, and as a cold remedy.

Health effects
1. Colon cancer
In the investigation of Marubium vulgare (horehound) and Prunus serotina (wild cherry) extracts and theirs anti-inflammatory and exhibition of anti-proliferative activity in human colorectal cancer cells found that Both horehound and wild cherry extracts cause suppression of cell growth as well as induction of apoptosis. We found that horehound extract up-regulates pro-apoptotic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene (NAG-1) through transactivation of the NAG-1 promoter. In contrast, wild cherry extract decreased cyclin D1 expression and increased NAG-1 expression in HCT-116 and SW480 cell lines. Treatment with wild cherry extract resulted in the suppression of beta-catenin/T cell factor transcription, as assessed by TOP/FOP reporter constructs, suggesting that suppressed beta-catenin signaling by wild cherry extract leads to the reduction of cyclin D1 expression, according to "Anti-proliferative effect of horehound leaf and wild cherry bark extracts on human colorectal cancer cells" by Yamaguchi K, Liggett JL, Kim NC, Baek SJ.(1)

2. Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic properties
in the study of antimicrobial activity of aerial parts of M. vulgare L. essential oil against different pathogenic microorganisms and the cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell lines, found that that the M. vulgare essential oil has a potent antimicrobial activity against some Gram (+) pathogenic bacteria and Botrytis cinerea fungi. The present studies confirm the use of this essential oil as anticancer agent. Further research is required to evaluate the practical values of therapeutic applications, according to "The in-vitro evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic properties of Marrubium vulgare L. essential oil grown in Tunisia" by Zarai Z, Kadri A, Ben Chobba I, Ben Mansour R, Bekir A, Mejdoub H, Gharsallah N.(2)

3. Antioxidant properties
In the observation of the isolation of six known compounds (a mixture of the isomers cyllenin A and 15-epi-cyllenin A, marrubiin, marrulactone, marrulibacetal and β-stigmasterol) and seven known phenolic compounds , apigenin and several 7-O-substituted derivatives (apigenin-7-O-β-neohesperidoside, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, terniflorin and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide) together with two phenylethanoid glucosides (acteoside and forsythoside B) from Marrubium deserti de Noé, found that some of the isolated compounds like phenylethanoid derivatives showed stronger antioxidant capacity than trolox and were also able to significantly inhibit β-galactosidase induction caused by the mutagen agent nitrofurantoin, according to "Antioxidant and antigenotoxic properties of compounds isolated from Marrubium deserti de Noé" by Zaabat N, Hay AE, Michalet S, Darbour N, Bayet C, Skandrani I, Chekir-Ghedira L, Akkal S, Dijoux-Franca MG.(3)

4. Gastroprotective activity
In the evaluation of assess the gastroprotective properties of the methanol extract and the diterpene marrubiin obtained from the leaves of M. vulgare found that there was also a significant increase in pH and mucus production in the groups treated with M. vulgare extract and marubiin. The results also demonstrated that the gastroprotection induced by the extract and marubiin is related to the activity of nitric oxide and endogenous sulfhydryls, which are important gastroprotective factors, according to "Gastroprotective activity of methanol extract and marrubiin obtained from leaves of Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae)" by Paula de Oliveira A, Santin JR, Lemos M, Klein Júnior LC, Couto AG, Meyre da Silva Bittencourt C, Filho VC, Faloni de Andrade S.(4)

5. Antihepatotoxic activity
In the evaluation of The whole plant of Marrubium vulgare L. and its p-menthane-5,6-dihydroxy-3-carboxylic acid and theirs antihepatotoxic activity found that The compound (1) also exhibited a significant antihepatotoxic activity by reducing the elevated levels of serum enzymes such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) by 40.16%, serum glutamate pyruvate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGPT) by 35.06%, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 30.51%, according to "A new monoterpene acid from Marrubium vulgare with potential antihepatotoxic activity" by Ahmed B, Masoodi MH, Siddique AH, Khan S.(5)

6. Antispasmodic effects
In the assessment of a chloroform extract obtained from M. globosum aerial parts and testing for its effect on reducing pain and smoothing muscle spasms found that among 12 isolated labdane diterpenoids, four new compounds, named 13-epicyllenin A (4), 13,15-diepicyllenin A (5), marrulibacetal (9), and marrulactone (11). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Compound 9, which exerted antispasmodic activity, according to "Antispasmodic effects and structure-activity relationships of labdane diterpenoids from Marrubiumglobosum ssp. libanoticum" by Rigano D, Aviello G, Bruno M, Formisano C, Rosselli S, Capasso R, Senatore F, Izzo AA, Borrelli F.(6)

7. Antimicrobial activity
In the investigation of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Marrubium incanum Desr. (Lamiaceae), obtained by hydrodistillation and theirs antimicrobial activity found that the microbial growth inhibitory properties of the isolated essential oil were determined using the agar diffusion and broth microdilution method against seven bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, Micrococcus flavus ATCC 10240, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIMB 9111, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), and two strains of the yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 10259 and ATCC24433). The essential oil showed activity against all the microorganisms tested, but differences in microbial susceptibility were registered.
according to "Composition and antimicrobial activity of Marrubium incanum Desr. (Lamiaceae) essential oil" by Petrović S, Pavlović M, Maksimović Z, Milenković M, Couladis M, Tzakouc O, Niketić M.(7)

8. Cytotoxicity and immunomodulating characteristics
In the identification of several diterpenoids from M. cylleneum and M. velutinum were tested for their cytotoxic effect against various cancer cell lines and their immunomodulating potential in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, found that a differential cytotoxicity of some compounds as well as their ability to improve selected lymphocyte functions, according to "Cytotoxicity and immunomodulating characteristics of labdane diterpenes from Marrubiumcylleneum and Marrubium velutinum" by Karioti A, Skopeliti M, Tsitsilonis O, Heilmann J, Skaltsa H.(8)

9. Antioedematogenic effect
In the evaluation of the antioedematogenic profile of marrubiin (1), the main constituent of Marrubium vulgare and its antioedematogenic effect found that The results obtained for ID50 values (mg/kg, i.p.) and maximal inhibition (%) for the different phlogistic agents used were as follows: histamine (HIS, 13.84 mg/kg and 73.7%); (BK, 18.82 mg/kg and 70.0%); carrageenan (CAR, 13.61 mg/kg and 63.0%). The other phlogistic agonists, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), caused inhibition of less than 50%. In addition, (1) (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the OVO-induced allergic edema in actively sensitized animals (maximal inhibition 67.6+/-4%), according to "Antioedematogenic effect of marrubiin obtained from Marrubium vulgare" by Stulzer HK, Tagliari MP, Zampirolo JA, Cechinel-Filho V, Schlemper V.(9)

10. Cardiovascular diseases
In the elucidation of the beneficial properties of aqueous extracts of Marrubiumvulgare (AEM) and its effect on cardiovascular disease found that that M. vulgare provides a source of natural antioxidants, which inhibit LDL oxidation and enhance reverse cholesterol transport and thus can prevent cardiovascular diseases development. These antioxidant properties increase the anti-atherogenic potential of HDL, according to "Marrubium vulgare extract inhibits human-LDL oxidation and enhances HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophage" byBerrougui H, Isabelle M, Cherki M, Khalil A.(10)

11. Analgesic potential
In the investigation of Marrubiin, a furane labdane diterpene in Marrubium vulgare and its analgesic potential found that Marrubiinic acid showed better activity and excellent yield, and its analgesic effect was confirmed in other experimental models of pain in mice, suggesting its possible use as a model to obtain new and potent analgesic agents, according to "Analgesic potential of marrubiin derivatives, a bioactive diterpene present in Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae)" by Meyre-Silva C, Yunes RA, Schlemper V, Campos-Buzzi F, Cechinel-Filho V.(11)

12. Antioedematogenic effect
In the evaluation of the antioedematogenic profile of marrubiin (1), the main constituent of Marrubium vulgare and its antioedematogenic effect found that Compound (1) was analyzed in a model of microvascular leakage in mice ears. The results show that it exhibits significant and dose-related antioedematogenic effects, according to "Antioedematogenic effect of marrubiin obtained fromMarrubium vulgare" by Stulzer HK, Tagliari MP, Zampirolo JA, Cechinel-Filho V, Schlemper V.(12)

13. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16328068
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21936887
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21924316
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21827496
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20628963
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19650652
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19413128
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17475293
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16846706
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17045616
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15848207
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16846706

Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy - Popular Chinese Herbs - Chu Shi Zi (Fructus Broussonetiae)

2. Antioxidants
In the investigation of the oxidative damage of ultraviolet A (UVA) to human immortalized keratinocytes line HaCaT and the protective effects of total flavonoids of Broussonetia papyrifera (TFBP) gotten from the leaves of broussonetia papyifera, found that Ultraviolet A causes significant oxidative injury to HaCaT cells under the conditions of this study. TFBP gotten from the leaves of broussonetia papyrifera has certain protective effect on HaCaT epithelial cells, according to “[Protective effects of total flavonoids of Broussonetia papyrifera on oxidative injury of ultraviolet A to human keratinocytes].[Article in Chinese]” by Wang T, Yang XY, He R, Cao YG.(2).

3. Candida albicans
In the investigation of Papyriflavonol A (PapA), a prenylated flavonoid (5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy-6,5′-di-(r,r-dimethylallyl)-flavonol), isolated from the root barks of Broussonetia papyriferra and theirs effect against Candida albicans, found that The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were 10~25 microgram/ml for C. albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus). The kinetics of cell growth inhibition, scanning electron microscopy, and measurement of plasma membrane florescence anisotrophy revealed that the antifungal activity of PapA against C. albicans and S. cerevisiae is mediated by its ability to disrupt the cell membrane integrity. Compared with amphotericin B, a cell membrane disrupting polyene antibiotic, the hemolytic toxicity of PapA was negligible. At 10~25 microgram/ml of MIC levels for the tested strains, the hemolysis ratio of human erythrocytes was less than 5%, according to “Fungicidal effect of prenylated flavonol, papyriflavonol A, isolated from Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) vent. against Candida albicans” bySohn HY, Kwon CS, Son KH.(3).

4. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity
In thedetermination of MIC using the broth microdilution methods against four bacterial and two fungal microorganisms (Candida albicans, Saccaromyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus epidermis and S. aureus), found that the use of prenylated flavonoids in Asian traditional medicine to treat microbial infection and indicate a high potential for prenylated flavonoids as antimicrobial agents as well as anti-inflammatory agents, according to “Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of 18 prenylated flavonoids isolated from medicinal plants: Morus alba L., Morus mongolica Schneider, Broussnetia papyrifera (L.) Vent, Sophora flavescens Ait and Echinosophora koreensis Nakai” by.Sohn HY, Son KH, Kwon CS, Kwon GS, Kang SS(4).

5. Respiratory burst in neutrophils
In the investigation of Broussochalcone A, a prenylated chalcone isolated from Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) VENT. (Moraceae), inhibited O2 consumption in formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)- and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated rat neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 70.3 +/- 4.9 and 63.9 +/- 7.1 microM, respectively, found that the inhibitory effect of broussochalcone A on respiratory burst in neutrophils is not mediated by the reduction of phospholipase C activity, but is mediated partly by the suppression of protein kinase C activity through interference with the catalytic region and by the attenuation of O2.- generation from the NADPH oxidase complex, according to “Investigation of the inhibitory effect of broussochalcone A on respiratory burst in neutrophils” by Wang JP, Tsao LT, Raung SL, Lin CN.(5).

6. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without approval from the related field specialist
2. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16181734
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16405779
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21030824
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15636183

Obesity and Obesity's complication - The association of Obesity on Breast Cancer

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk. there is also rare cases that breast cancer starts in other areas of the breast. In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during life time of a women is 1/8.

The association of Obesity on Breast Cancer
1. In a study of "Hormonal mechanisms underlying the relationship betweenobesity and breast cancer" by Perks CM, Holly JM. (Source from School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Research & Learning Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.,Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved), posted in PubMed, researchers indicated in abstract that This review focuses on the influence of obesity on breast cancer development and progression and describes the hormonal factors that may underlie the observations, with particular emphasis on the roles of estrogen, insulin/insulin-like growth factor axis, and adipokines.

2. According to the study of "Obesity, weight change, fasting insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in women with and without breast cancer: the Rancho Bernardo Study" by Jernström H, Barrett-Connor E. (Source from Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, USA., J Womens Health Gend Based Med. 1999 Dec;8(10):1265-72.), researchers indicated in abstract that The risk of breast cancer was significantly increased in women who had gained weight or used ERT. This increased risk was not associated with circulating levels of IGF-1, fasting insulin, proinsulin, or C-peptide.

3. According to" Breast cancer risk in the WHI study: the problem of obesity" by Kuhl H. (Source from Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, J. W. Goethe University of Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. h.kuhl@em.uni-frankfurt.de, Maturitas. 2005 May 16;51(1):83-97.), posted in PubMed, researchers stated in abstract that Obese women are at high risk to develop a metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. In postmenopausal women, elevated insulin levels are not only associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, but also for breast cancer. This might explain the effects observed in both arms of the WHI study: HRT with relative low doses of estrogens may improve insulin resistance and, hence, reduce the elevated breast cancer risk in obese patients.

4. According to tha study of "Polymorphisms in three obesity-related genes (LEP, LEPR, and PON1) and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis" by Liu C, Liu L.(Source from Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, China, liuchibo@126.com., Tumour Biol. 2011 Sep 2. [Epub ahead of print]), posted in PubMed, researchers concluded that . The present meta-analysis suggested that LEPR Q223R polymorphism might be implicated in the development of breast cancer in East Asians; PON1 L55M might increasebreast cancer risk. However, given the limited sample size, the findings warrant further investigation.

5. In the study of "Obesity and breast cancer: progress to understanding the relationship" by Brown KA, Simpson ER. (Source from Prince Henry's Institute, Monash Medical Centre, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Cancer Res. 2010 Jan 1;70(1):4-7. Epub 2009 Dec 22.), posted in PubMed, researchers found that the regulation of aromatase expression in the breast by AMPK and CRTC2, in response to the altered adipokine milieu associated with obesity, provides an important link betweenobesity and breast cancer risk.

6. Etc.

Treatments of Obesity and Breast Cancer
1. According to the study of "Pre-operative gynecologic evaluation of bariatric surgery patients: improving cancer detection in a high-risk population" by Winfree LE, Henretta MS, Hallowell PT, Modesitt SC. (Source from Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,J Am Coll Surg. 2010 Aug;211(2):256-62., Copyright 2010 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved), posted in PubMed, researchers found that Given the massive increases in morbid obesity and bariatric surgery in women, surgeons could serve a vital role in educating patients about both gynecologic and nongynecologic malignancy risks. With appropriate referral for cancer screening, patient outcomes could improve.

2. In a study of " Alcohol consumption, obesity, estrogen treatment andbreast cancer" by Hong J, Holcomb VB, Dang F, Porampornpilas K, Núñez NP.(Source from The University of Texas at Austin, College of Natural Sciences, School of Human Ecology, Department of Nutritional Science, 1 University Station A2703, PAI 5.14, Austin, Texas 78712, USA., Anticancer Res. 2010 Jan;30(1):1-8), posted in PubMed, researchers found that Alcohol intake resulted in insulin sensitivity and increased tumor growth in obese mice. Exogenous estrogen alone inhibited tumor growth. The combination of estrogen and alcohol overcame the inhibitory effects of estrogen on tumor growth in obese mice. Alcohol consumption increased the circulating estrogen and leptin levels. In conclusion, alcohol and estrogen treatment can modify mammary tumor growth, possibly through the regulation of estrogen and leptin, especially in obese mice.

3. According to the "Impact of obesity on diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer" by Deglise C, Bouchardy C, Burri M, Usel M, Neyroud-Caspar I, Vlastos G, Chappuis PO, Ceschi M, Ess S, Castiglione M, Rapiti E, Verkooijen HM.(Source from Geneva Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Geneva University, 55 Boulevard de la Cluse, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland, Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Feb;120(1):185-93. Epub 2009 Jul 14), researchers found that Obese women were less likely to have undergone ultrasound (OR(adj) 0.5, [0.3-0.9]) and MRI (OR(adj) 0.3, [0.1-0.6]) and were at increased risk of prolonged hospital stay (OR(adj) 4.7, [2.0-10.9]). This study finds important diagnostic and therapeutic differences between obese and lean women, which may impair survival of obese women with breast cancer. Specific strategies are needed to optimize the care of obese women with or at risk of breast cancer.

4. Etc.

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

The Obesity's Weight Loss Recipes: Cottage cheese salad

The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: The Herbal Treatment

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovascular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women.
Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasingaltered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).

The prevention and management In Herbal Medicine

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unpreventable in Western medicine. Early diagnosis and treatment may reduce risk of its complications, including infertility, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, etc.
Reduce fat intake less than 30% of total calories with a low proportion of saturated fat and high in fiber from predominantly low-glycaemic-index-carbohydrate foods for patients with PCOs(827a). Calorie intake should be distributed between several meals per day with restricted intake of snacks and drinks(828).

The Herbal Treatment for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOs)

Epidemically, increased incidence and prevalence of overweight and obesity over 3 decades in the develop world now has spread to South East Asian population, due to over 20 years of economic prosperity causes of lifestyle changes in populations with very different initial habits. Suggestions of reduced fat intake less than 30% of total calories with a low proportion of saturated fat with high in fiber from predominantly low-glycaemic-index-carbohydrate foods is recommended. Calorie intake should be distributed between several meals per day with restricted intake of snacks and drinks(827a)(828).

1. Turmeric
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia. The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.
Berberine (BBR), a major chemical constituents found abundantly in turmeric and plants exerted its effect in improving some of the metabolic(829) and hormonal derangements in a group of treated Chinese women with PCOS(829).

2. Korean red ginseng
Ginseng Asia is also known as Panax ginseng. Since it has been grown in the cold places in the Asian, Asian ginseng is considered as yang promoting, according to traditional Chinese medicine.
Korean red ginseng extract (KRGE) in the experiment in PCOs induced rodent, improved PCO-related ovarian dysfunction(830). In rat model, induced by injection of estradiol valerate (EV), the extract also regulated sympathetic nerve activity by significantly lower expression of NGF protein (involved in the growth of peripheral nerve cells) and NGF mRNA(the form of RNA that carries information from DNA)involved in the abnormal process caused by steroid-induced PCO(830). Also, in the experiment of Ginseng total saponins (GTS) involved polycystic ovaries induced by a single intramuscular injection of 4 mg estradiol valerate (EV) in rats, GTS decreased the expression of NGF in ovary tissue(831).

3. Aloe vera
Aloe Vera is species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe, belonging to the Family Xanthorrhoeaceae, native to Sudan. It has become very popular for commercial cultivation due to its health benefits. Aloe vera has been used in herbal medicine in treating many kinds of disease, including wound(842), burn healing(835)(836), minor skin infections(837), sebaceous cysts(838), diabetes(839)(840)(843), and elevated of cholesterol(841), etc. It is also one of many popular herb studied in scientific ways with some conflicted results.
Aloe vera gel (AVG) exhibited significant reduction in plasma triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, with an increase in HDL cholesterol(843) and reversion of abnormal estrous cyclicity, glucose intolerance, and lipid metabolizing enzyme activities, to normal in PCOS induced in Charles Foster female rats(833). On Letrozole induced polycystic ovarian, Aloe vera gel formulation exerted a protective effect against the PCOS phenotype by restoring the ovarian steroid status, and altering key production of steroids activity(834).

4. Salvia miltiorrhiza (Dan Shen)
Dan Shen is also known as Red Sage Root. The bitter and slightly cold herb has been used in TCM as antithrombotic, antihypertonic (lowering blood pressure), antimicrobial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, sedative agent and to treat dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, palpable tumors, angina,restlessness, insomnia, irritability, etc., by enhancing the functions of heart and liver(848).
Cryptotanshinone, isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, in the experiment involved prenatally androgenized (PNA) rats as a model of polycystic ovary syndrome, improved estrous cycles, reduced 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, glucose, insulin levels, and lowered AUC-Glu(Measurements were made of the area under the curve of glucose by intravenous glucose tolerance test) and HOMA-IR( a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function)(832).

5. Chamomile
Chamomile is also known as camomile, common name of many species daisy-like plants in the family Asteraceae, used in traditional medicine as antispasmodic(844) and anti-inflammatory(845) constituents and for treatments ofdiarrhea(844), menstrual cramps(844) and sleep disorders(847), reduce cramping and spastic pain in the bowels(844), relieve excessive gas and bloating in the intestine(844), etc.
Intraperitoneal injections of Chamomile alcoholic-extract for ten days in the testing on the biochemical and clinical parameters in a rat model of PCOS not only induced recovery from a PCO induced state in rats(846), but also increased dominant follicles and better endometrial tissue arrangements(846)(849).

6. Spearmint tea
Spearmint tea is a species of Mint belonging to the Lamiaceae, native to Europe and southwest Asia. The herb has been used in folk medicine for treatment of pain reliever(850), loss of appetite(851), common cold(851), bronchitis(851), sinusitis(851), fever(851), nausea(851), vomiting and indigestion(851), etc.
Spearmint tea inhibited the production of the levels or activity of androgen hormones in the human body may be considered as a natural agent for PCOs.(852). In Hirsutism polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), drinking spearmint teatwice a day for a 1 month period, showed the significantly reduce total testosterone levels, due to the inhibition of androgen properties(853). In other study of polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hirsutism, steep Spearmint tea for 5 days twice a day in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycles significant decreased in free testosterone and increased in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol(854).

8. Licorice
Gan Cao is also known as Licorice root. The sweet and neutral herb has been used in TCM as anti allergy(856), anti inflammation(855), anti ulcer(857), anti convulsion(858) agent and to treat stomach weakness, tired and lack of strength, cough with abundance of phlegm, stomach and solar plexus pain, and improve cardiac function(855), etc., as it tonifies the Spleen, benefits the Qi, moistens the Lungs, calms cough, deaf or acute pain, by enhancing all 12 channels(859).
In treatment of PCOs(862), combination of licorice and 100 mg spironolactone showed the activation of the renin-aldosterone system in lowering blood pressure and water (fluid) balance(860). reducing the prevalence of side effects related to the diuretic activity of spironolactone(860). In model rats experiment, Ganshao Paste (CGP), showed the decrease of serum levels of LH, T, and FSH and increase of serum estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P)(861)(865).

9. HemoHIM
HemoHIM is a herbal formula containing three edible herbs, Angelica Radix, Cnidium Rhizoma and Paeonia Radix approved by Korean FDA as health functional supplement assisting functions of the immune system(863)(864). In adult PCOs cycling rats induced EV injection and administered orally (100 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 35 consecutive days, the formula lowered the high numbers of antral follicles and increased the number of corpora lutea(864), normalized ovarian morphology and the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) in PCOs(864).

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References
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(828) The optimal diet for women with polycystic ovary syndrome? by Marsh K, Brand-Miller J.(PubMed)
(829) A clinical study on the short-term effect of berberine in comparison to metformin on the metabolic characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Wei W, Zhao H, Wang A, Sui M, Liang K, Deng H, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Guan Y.(PubMed).
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(832) Cryptotanshinone reverses reproductive and metabolic disturbances in prenatally androgenized rats via regulation of ovarian signaling mechanisms and androgen synthesis by Xinming Yang , Yuehui Zhang , Xiaoke Wu , Chun Sik Bae, Lihui Hou , Haixue Kuang , Yongyan Wang , Elisabet Stener-Victorin(American society physiology)
(833) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat model by Desai BN, Maharjan RH, Nampoothiri LP.(PubMed)
(834) Effect of Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation on Letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat model by Maharjan R, Nagar PS, Nampoothiri L.(PubMed)
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(838) How to Treat an Infected Sebaceous Cyst(WikiHow)
(839) Oral aloe vera for treatment of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia by Ngo MQ1, Nguyen NN, Shah SA.(PubMed)
(840) Antioxidant effect of Aloe vera gel extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetesin rats by Rajasekaran S1, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S.(PubMed)
(841) Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Aloe succotrina in Rats: Possibly Mediated by Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase by Dhingra D1, Lamba D1, Kumar R2, Nath P2, Gauttam S3.(PubMed)
(842) Topical Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) Extract Does Not Accelerate the Oral Wound Healing in Rats by Coelho FH1, Salvadori G, Rados PV, Magnusson A, Danilevicz CK, Meurer L, Martins MD.(PubMed)
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(844) Antidiarrhoeal, antisecretory and antispasmodic activities of Matricaria chamomilla are mediated predominantly through K+-channels activation by Mehmood MH1, Munir S2, Khalid UA3, Asrar M4, Gilani AH5.(PubMed)
(845) Chamomile: an anti-inflammatory agent inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by blocking RelA/p65 activity by Bhaskaran N1, Shukla S, Srivastava JK, Gupta S.(PubMed)
(846) Effects of chamomile extract on biochemical and clinical parameters in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Farideh ZZ1, Bagher M, Ashraf A, Akram A, Kazem M.(PubMed)
(847) Efficacy and safety of herbal stimulants and sedatives in sleep disorders by Gyllenhaal C1, Merritt SL, Peterson SD, Block KI, Gochenour T.(PubMed)
(848) Dan shen(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(849)Effects of chamomile extract on biochemical and clinical parameters in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Farideh ZZ, Bagher M, Ashraf A, Akram A, Kazem M.(PubMed)
(850) High-rosmarinic acid spearmint tea in the management of knee osteoarthritis symptoms by Connelly AE1, Tucker AJ, Tulk H, Catapang M, Chapman L, Sheikh N, Yurchenko S, Fletcher R, Kott LS, Duncan AM, Wright AJ.(PubMed)
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(855) Anti-inflammatory effects of the chinese herbal formula sini tang in myocardial infarction rats by Liu J1, Peter K2, Shi D1, Zhang L1, Dong G1, Zhang D1, Breiteneder H2, Bauer R3, Jakowitsch J4, Ma Y2.(PubMed)
(856) Interaction of gypsum and the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides plays an important role in anti-allergic effects of byakkokakeishito in mice by Makino T1, Shiraki Y, Mizukami H.(PubMed)
(857) Anti-ulcer and antioxidant activity of GutGard by Mukherjee M1, Bhaskaran N, Srinath R, Shivaprasad HN, Allan JJ, Shekhar D, Agarwal A.(PubMed)
(858) Anti-convulsant action and amelioration of oxidative stress by Glycyrrhizaglabra root extract in pentylenetetrazole- induced seizure in albino rats by Chowdhury B1, Bhattamisra SK, Das MC.(PubMed)
(859) Gan Cao(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(860) Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome with spironolactone plus licorice byArmanini D, Castello R, Scaroni C, Bonanni G, Faccini G, Pellati D, Bertoldo A, Fiore C, Moghetti P(PubMed)
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(862) Phytoestrogens and the metabolic syndrome by Jungbauer A1, Medjakovic S.(PubMed)
(863) Immunomodulatory and Antidiabetic Effects of a New Herbal Preparation (HemoHIM) on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice by Kim JJ1, Choi J1, Lee MK2, Kang KY3, Paik MJ3, Jo SK4, Jung U4, Park HR4, Yee ST5.(PubMed)
(864) Preventative effect of an herbal preparation (HemoHIM) on development of airway inflammation in mice via modulation of Th1/2 cells differentiation by Kim JJ1, Cho HW, Park HR, Jung U, Jo SK, Yee ST.(PubMed)
(865) [Effects of compound ganshao paste on the levels of sex hormones and hepatic transaminases in polycystic ovarian syndrome rat model].[Article in Chinese] by Wang YH, Wang HL, Zhang YL.(PubMed)
(864) HemoHIM improves ovarian morphology and decreases expression of nerve growth factor in rats with steroid-induced polycystic ovaries by Kim SH, Lee HJ, Kim JS, Moon C, Kim JC, Bae CS, Park HR, Jung U, Jo SK.(PubMed)