Tuesday, June 21, 2016

Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Therapy - Popular Chinese Herbs - Chu Shi Zi (Fructus Broussonetiae)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                   Chu Shi Zi (Fructus Broussonetiae)


Chu Shi Zi is also known as paper mulberry fruit, the sweet and cold herb has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as diuretic agent and to treat hair fungal infection (Tinea Capitis), night sweating, spermatorrhea, dizziness, blurry vision, improve metabolism of oxygen in the brain, etc., as its nourish the Kidneys, clears the Liver, etc., by enhancing the functions of liver and kidney channels.

Ingredients
1. Saponin
2. Vitamin B
3. Essential oil
4. Non-saponin
5. Saturated fat
6. Oleic acid
7. Inolenic acid
8. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Neuroprotective effects
in the investigation of the neuroprotective effects of cyanidin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (C3G) from the mulberry fruits on neuronal cell damage, found that the neuroprotective effect of the mulberry fruit extract was further demonstrated in vivo using a mouse-brain-injury model with a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). C3G was isolated as a neuroprotective constituent from the mulberry fruit extract. Compared with the control group, C3G had neuroprotective effects on the PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide in vitro and on cerebral ischemic damage in vivo, according to “Neuroprotective effects of the cyanidin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside isolated from mulberry fruit against cerebral ischemia” by
Kang TH, Hur JY, Kim HB, Ryu JH, Kim SY.(1).

 2. Antioxidants
In the investigation of the oxidative damage of ultraviolet A (UVA) to human immortalized keratinocytes line HaCaT and the protective effects of total flavonoids of Broussonetia papyrifera (TFBP) gotten from the leaves of broussonetia papyifera, found that Ultraviolet A causes significant oxidative injury to HaCaT cells under the conditions of this study. TFBP gotten from the leaves of broussonetia papyrifera has certain protective effect on HaCaT epithelial cells, according to “[Protective effects of total flavonoids of Broussonetia papyrifera on oxidative injury of ultraviolet A to human keratinocytes].[Article in Chinese]” by Wang T, Yang XY, He R, Cao YG.(2).

3. Candida albicans
In the investigation of Papyriflavonol A (PapA), a prenylated flavonoid (5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy-6,5′-di-(r,r-dimethylallyl)-flavonol), isolated from the root barks of Broussonetia papyriferra and theirs effect against Candida albicans, found that The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were 10~25 microgram/ml for C. albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus). The kinetics of cell growth inhibition, scanning electron microscopy, and measurement of plasma membrane florescence anisotrophy revealed that the antifungal activity of PapA against C. albicans and S. cerevisiae is mediated by its ability to disrupt the cell membrane integrity. Compared with amphotericin B, a cell membrane disrupting polyene antibiotic, the hemolytic toxicity of PapA was negligible. At 10~25 microgram/ml of MIC levels for the tested strains, the hemolysis ratio of human erythrocytes was less than 5%, according to “Fungicidal effect of prenylated flavonol, papyriflavonol A, isolated from Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) vent. against Candida albicans” bySohn HY, Kwon CS, Son KH.(3).

4. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity
In thedetermination of MIC using the broth microdilution methods against four bacterial and two fungal microorganisms (Candida albicans, Saccaromyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus epidermis and S. aureus), found that the use of prenylated flavonoids in Asian traditional medicine to treat microbial infection and indicate a high potential for prenylated flavonoids as antimicrobial agents as well as anti-inflammatory agents, according to “Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of 18 prenylated flavonoids isolated from medicinal plants: Morus alba L., Morus mongolica Schneider, Broussnetia papyrifera (L.) Vent, Sophora flavescens Ait and Echinosophora koreensis Nakai” by.Sohn HY, Son KH, Kwon CS, Kwon GS, Kang SS(4).

5. Respiratory burst in neutrophils
In the investigation of Broussochalcone A, a prenylated chalcone isolated from Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) VENT. (Moraceae), inhibited O2 consumption in formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)- and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated rat neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 70.3 +/- 4.9 and 63.9 +/- 7.1 microM, respectively, found that the inhibitory effect of broussochalcone A on respiratory burst in neutrophils is not mediated by the reduction of phospholipase C activity, but is mediated partly by the suppression of protein kinase C activity through interference with the catalytic region and by the attenuation of O2.- generation from the NADPH oxidase complex, according to “Investigation of the inhibitory effect of broussochalcone A on respiratory burst in neutrophils” by Wang JP, Tsao LT, Raung SL, Lin CN.(5).
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