Medical Advisor Journals

Friday, October 21, 2016

Chinese Herbal Therapy – She Gan (Rhizoma Belamcandae Chinensis)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

She Gan (Rhizoma Belamcandae Chinensis)

She Gan is also known as blackberry lily rhizome. The cold, bitter and slightly toxic herb has been used in TCM to treat sore throat, cough, tuberculosis, carbuncles, boils, etc., as it clears Heat, expels toxins, eliminates Phlegm, etc. by enhancing the function of lung channels.

Ingredients
1. Neomangiferin
2. Nangiferin
3. Tectoridin
4. Iristectorin B
5. Iristectorin A
6. Iridin
7. Tectorigenin
8. Iristectorigenin A
9. Irigenin
10. Irisflorentin
11. Irilone
12. Dichtomitin
13. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Antitumor Activities
In the study of an activity-directed fractionation and purification process was used to isolate antitumor compounds from the roots of Belamcanda chinensis, showed that Hoechst 33258 staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, which indicated the growth inhibition of MGC-803 cells via the induction of tumor cell apoptosis(1).
2. Antimutagenic and anti-oxidant activities
In the study of the direct mutagenesis induced by N-nitroquinoline, and indirect mutation induction caused by metabolically activated 2-AF. found that the isoflavonoid fractions have the capability to scavenge free radicals, to reduce transition-metal ions and to protect polyunsaturated fatty acids from peroxidation. The analysis of the fractions obtained with high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array and mass-spectrometric detection revealed several potentially bioactive isoflavones, either as glycosides or aglycones, depending on the polarity of the solvents used for fractionation. The main compounds were tectoridin and iridin in the glycoside fractions and the aglycones irigenin, tectorigenin, and 5,6,7,3′-tetrahydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone. The activities reported here can be regarded to be of additional value when using this plant as a phyto-estrogenic and chemopreventive agent(2).
3. Etc.

Side Effects
1. The herb may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, such as diarrhea
2. Do not use the herb in case of spleen deficiency
3. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
4. Etc.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22627971
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20096370

Chinese Herbal Therapy – She Chuang Zi (Fructus Cnidii Monnieri)

She Chuang Zi (Fructus Cnidii Monnieri)

She Chuang Zi is also known as Cnidium Fruit. The acrid, bitter and warm herb has been used in TCM as anti-histamine, anti-allergenic, anti arrhythmia, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial and sedative agent and to improve immune system, bone strength, etc., as it warms the Kidneys,strengthens the Yang, disperses Cold, expels Wind, dries Dampness, expels worms and parasites, etc. by enhancing the functions of kidney, triple warmer channels.

Ingredients
1. L-Pinene
2. Bornyl isovalarate
3. Osthol
4. Columbianadin
5. Berapten
6. Cnidiadin
7. Isopimpinellin
8. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Anti-tumor activities
In recent years, rather active investigations of its anti-tumor were performed at home and abroad. C. monnieri possesses multi-aspect and comprehensive anti-tumor functions, involving directly tumor-inhibitory activity, anti-mutagenicity, reversing multi-drug tolerance of tumor, as well as improving immune functions and so on. In this review, chemical constituents, anti-tumor activities and relevant investigations of Fructus Cnidii were summarized recent decade(1).
2. Anti-allergic effects
In the study to investigate the anti-allergic effects (types I and IV) of the 70% ethanol extract (CM-ext) obtained from Cnidii Monnieri Fructus (dried fruits of Cnidium monnieri),on 48 h homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), showed that Cnidii Monnieri Fructus might be useful as an agent for allergic diseases and that its anti-allergic effect was partially attributable to a coumarin derivative, osthol(2).
3. Cytotoxic activity
In the investigation of five coumarins: osthol, imperatorin, bergapten, isopimpinellin, and xanthotoxin of the CmF(fruits of Cnidium monnieri) extract, among these compounds, osthol showed the strongest cytotoxic activity on tumor cell lines, imperatorin showed the highest sensitivity to HL-60 cells and the least cytotoxicity to normal PBMCs. Osthol and imperatorin both caused apoptotic bodies, DNA fragmentation, and enhanced PARP degradation in HL-60 cells by biochemical analysis. These results indicate that osthol and imperatorin can induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells(3).
4. Antifibrotic activity
In the investigation of activity-guided fractionation of the CHCl(3) fraction of C. monnieri led to the isolation of ten coumarins: osthol (1), meranzin (2), auraptenol (3), meranzin hydrate (4), 7-hydroxy-8-methoxy coumarin (5), imperatorin (6), xanthotoxol (7), xanthotoxin (8), bergapten (9) and isopimpinellin (10), showed that of these, compounds 1 and 6 significantly inhibited proliferation of HSCs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition, compounds 1 and 6 significantly reduced collagen content in HSC-T6 cells(4).
5. Antiosteoporotic activity
In the study to evaluate the Bioactivity-guided fractionation has led to the successful isolation of antiosteoporotic components, i. e., osthole, imperatorin and bergapten from an ethanolic extract of the fruits of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, showed that among them, osthole was determined as the major compound possessing antiosteoporotic activity. Further study showed that osthole not only promoted the proliferation and activity of alkaline phosphatase of osteoblasts in neonatal calvaria cultures, but also inhibited the bone resorption by decreasing the formation, differentiation and TRAP activity of osteoclasts derived from rat marrow cells(5).
6. Antipruritic effect
In the study of the Antipruritic effects of 70% ethanol extract (CM-ext) of Cnidii Monnieri Fructus (dried fruits of Cnidium monnieri CUSSON, Umberifferae), found that in mice, an oral administration of CM-ext (200 and 500 mg/kg) inhibited compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior without influence on spontaneous locomotion. Isopimpinellin (3) and osthol (1), coumarin derivatives isolated from CM-ext, showed an inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior(6).
7. Osteoporosis
In the study to compare the total coumarins from dried fruits of Cnidium monnieri (TCCM) and nilestriol (Nil) against osteoporosis, found that Ova reduced markedly the trabecular bone mass due to bone resorption excessed bone formation (% Tb. Ar -59%). Treatment with TCCM 67 mg.kg-1 partly suppressed bone turnover, but did not inhibit bone loss in Ova rats (% Tb.Ar -43%). Treatment with TCCM 200 mg.kg-1 and Nil 1 mg.kg-1 increased the trabecular area (% Tb. Ar +100% and +274%)(7).
8. Inhibition of itch-scratch response
In the study to screen the anti-itching activities of 33 herbal medicines in substance P (SP)-induced itching model mice, suggest that The chloroform-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of of fruits of Cnidium monnieri (Cnidii Fructus) markedly inhibited SP-induced scratching. Among 10 subfractions of the chloroform-soluble fraction, the CS-3 fraction had the most potent inhibitory effect on scratching(8).
9. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in case of kidney Yin deficiency or liver fire ascending
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
3. Etc.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16323535
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12081154
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14750023
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21082271
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17315308
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11853179
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10072954
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11558560

Thursday, October 20, 2016

Chinese Herbal Therapy – Shen Jin Cao (Herba Lycopodii)

Shen Jin Cao (Herba Lycopodii)

Herba Lycopodii is also known as common club moss. The bitter, acrid and warm herb has been used in TCM as Anti-inflammatory, hypotensive agent and to inhibit Candida Albicans, treat rheumatism, numbness in the skin, edema, etc., by enhancing the function of liverm spleen and kidney channels.

Ingredients
1. Lycopodine
2. Clavatine
3. Clavolonine
4. Fawcettiine
5. Lycodoline
6. Lucidoline
7. Phlegmariurine
8. Obscurine
9. Clavatoxine
10. Nicotine
11. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities
In the study to evaluate the alkaloid extracts of acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities medicinal and therapeutic potentials of two Lycopodiaceae species,Lycopodium clavatum (L.) and Lycopodium thyoides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd), both used in South American folk medicine for central nervous system conditions, showed that the biological properties of the folk medicinal plants Lycopodium clavatum and Lycopodium thyoides include AChE inhibitory activity and antioxidant effects, two possible mechanisms of action in Alzheimer’s related processes(1).
2. Anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, antioxidant and phytochemical properties
In the study to evaluate of extracts of seven South African medicinal plants used traditionally for the treatment of pain-related ailments, showed that the screening assay concentration (0.25 microg/microl), 13 extracts showed good COX-1 inhibitory activity (>50%), while good activity was observed in 15 extracts against COX-2 enzyme. All the extracts of Crinum moorei (bulbs) showed good inhibition against both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. Though not significantly different (P=0.05), the highest COX-1 percentage inhibition (100%) was shown by Aloe ferox leaf PE and Colocasia antiquorum tuber DCM extracts, while Colocasia antiquorum tuber PE extract exhibited the highest (92.7%) percentage inhibition against COX-2. Crinum moorei bulb DCM extract showed the lowest EC(50) value (2.9 microg/ml) in the AChE assay. In addition, good to moderate bioactivities were observed in some extracts of Aloe ferox (leaves), Crinum moorei (bulbs) and Pycnostachys reticulata (leaves) in all the assays. The presence and/or amounts of phenolic compounds varied with plant species(2).
3. Antioxidative, antiproliferative and biochemical effects
Hepeel is a homeopathic remedy commonly used to treat primary and secondary functional disorders of the liver. It consists of highly diluted extracts from the following plants: Chelidonium from Chelidonium majus, L., Carduus marianus from Silybum marianum, L., Veratrum from Veratrum album L., Colocynthis from Citrullus colocynthis L., Lycopodium from Lycopodium clavatum L., Nux moschata from Myristica fragans, Houtt, and China from Cinchona pubescens, Vahl. The antioxidative, antiproliferative and biochemical effects in HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells of serial dilutions of these plant tinctures were tested, showed that the complete combination (COMB) realised in the homeopathic remedy and its constituents exert specific antioxidative, antiproliferative and biochemical effects on HepG2 cells which all point to a potential hepatoprotective and tumouristatic action(3).
4. Etc.

Side Effects
1. No not use in case of excessive bleeding
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist
3. Etc.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22108682
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19932161
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14732962

Tuesday, October 18, 2016

Chinese Herbal Therapy – She Xiang (Secretio Moschus)

She Xiang (Secretio Moschus)

She Xiang is also known as Musk secretion. The acrid, warm, aromatic and bitter herb has been used in TCM to treat angina, tumors and carbuncles, seizures, etc., as it opens Heart orifices, restores consciousness. moves Blood, disperses nodules, calms pain, promotes delivery, etc. by enhancing teh functions of heart, liver and spleen channels.

Ingredients
1. Methyl palmitic acid
2. Methyl oleic acid
3. 5β – androstane - 3α – 17β – diol
4. 5β – androstane - 3α – 17α – diol
5. 5α-androstane-3,17-dione
6. 5β – androstane – 3,17 – dione
7. Muscopyridine
8. Glycine
9. Sserine
10 Glutamate
11. Valine
12. Aspartic acid
13. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Topical medicaments
In the study to investigate the incidence of contact sensitivity to the components of CTM in patients with contact dermatitis from CTM. A screening series of 27 crude drugs most commonly used in CTM as well as a modified European standard series was patch tested in 30 patients, found that reducing the concentration and simplifying the compositions of these components, as well as replacement with those of low allergenicity in CTM, such as Rhizoma Arisaematis (see text), Herba Lycopodii (see text), Radix Cyathulae Officinalis (see text), Rhizoma Pinelliae (see text), Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (see text), Herba Dendrobii (see text), Secretio Moschus (see text), and Stigmata Croci (see text), may be advocated(1).
2. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
2. Do not use the herb in case of Yin deficiency without heat
3. Etc.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Secretio%20Moschus

Monday, October 17, 2016

Chinese Herbal Therapy – Shan Zhu Yu (Fructus Corni Officinalis)

Shan Zhu Yu (Fructus Corni Officinalis)

Shan Zhu Yu is also known as Cornus fruit. The sour, acrid, slightly warm, not toxic herb has been used in TCM to treat impotence, spermatorrhea, instant sweating, sore or week knees, chronic lower back pain, frequent urination, incontinence, excessive bleeding during menstrual period, etc., as it tonifies the Liver and the Kidneys, benefits the Liver and the Kidneys, strengthens, etc. by enhancing the functions of liver and kidney channels.

Ingredients
1. Morroniside
2. Loganin
3. Sweroside
4. Iridoid glycosides
5. Tannins
6. Isoterchebin
7. Tellimagrandin
8. 1.2.6-Tri-O-galloy-β-D-glueoside
9. Cornusiin
10. Urosolie acid
11.Tartarie acid
12. Cornuside
13. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Allergic asthma
In the study to investigate the anti-asthmatic effects of CF and their underlying mechanism, by examining the influence of CF on the development of pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of allergic asthma, showed that the therapeutic effects of CF in asthma are mediated by reduced production of Th2 cytokines (IL-5), eotaxin, and OVA-specific IgE and reduced eosinophil infiltration(1).
2. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
In the study of isolated 12 compounds from Corni fructus including three flavonoids, two iridoid glycosides, three phenolic compounds, and two triterpenoids, together with cornuside (11) and 2-butoxybutanedioic acid (12). Chemical structures were identified by (1)H, (13)C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectral analyses, indicated that the glucose uptake efficiency, messenger (m)RNA expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and prevention of cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity in the presence of test agents were evaluated. While CH and CB significantly increased glucose uptake from muscle, compounds 3 and 8, each at 50 μM, significantly suppressed PEPCK mRNA expression. Finally, compound 5, at 50 and 100 μM, effectively attenuated β-cell death. In conclusion, those compounds could contribute to the antihyperglycemic and β-cell-protective actions of Corni fructus against diabetes mellitus(2).
3. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects
In the investigation of the analgesic effect of corni fructus in mice, showed that the extract suppressed the acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. The aqueous extract of corni fructus exerts anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects by suppressing COX-2 and iNOS expression through the down-regulation of NF-kappaB binding activity(3).
4. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Not to use the herb in cases liver yang ascending or difficulty in urination due to damp-heat
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
3. Etc.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22439901
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21682333
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19735178

Chinese herbal Medicine Therapy: Shan Zha (Fructus Crataegi)

Shan Zha (Fructus Crataegi)

Shan Zha is also known as hawthorn fruit. The sour, sweet, and slightly warm has been used in TCM to treat indigestion, flatulence, diarrhea, amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, acute pain in chest and abdomen area, pain in hernia, high lipids, etc. as it promotes digestion, transforms food retention, invigorates Blood, eliminates accumulation, etc. by enhancing the functions of spleen, liver and stomach channels.

Ingredients
1. Malic acid
2. Caffeic acid
3. Oleanolic acid
4. Crataegolic acid
5. Epicatechin
6. Quercetin
7. Hyperoside
8. Chlorogenic acid、
9. Citric acid
10. Citric acid symmetrical monomethyl ester.
11. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Antiatherogenic effect
In the study to investigate the antiatherogenic effect and possible mechanisms of the extracts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM) or Fructus Crataegi (FC), as well as their interaction, showed that RSM and FC could inhibit the atherogenesis formation and development, which might be due to regulating the lipid metabolism, enhancing the antioxidation, and reducing the release of inflammatory factors(1).
2. Strengthen blood circulation
In the study to evaluate Jiang-Zhi-Ning (JZN), composed of four Chinese herbs, i.e., Fleeceflower Root, Fructus Crataegi, Folium Nelumbinis and Semen Cassiae used to strengthen blood circulation of coronary artery, arrhythmia and hyperlipidemia, showed that Extract and effective fraction of JZN significantly reduced contents of Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), CRI and AI in hyperlipidemic rats as well as significantly increased contents of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), in the rats. Moreover, they significantly enhanced the activity of NOS and increased contents of NO(2).
3. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition
In the study to investigate MAO-B kinetic constants, K(i), K(m) and IC₅₀ based on quantitative of the substrate peak area compared with the reference electropherogram obtained from without the inhibitor.
Showed that the screening of 16 natural extracts was performed, and 2 natural extracts from Fructus crataegi and Radix polygoni multiflori were identified to be positive for MAO-B inhibition(3).
4. Diuretic effect
In the study to determine the effects of mixtures of selected medicinal plants on some physiological renal functions, i.e. excretion of urine and electrolytes and changes in the quantity of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and kallikrein-kinins in rat blood plasma after water and salt load, found that the greatest diuretic effect was found in a mixture composed of birch leaves (Betulae folium), hawthorn berries (Crataegi fructus), strawberry leaves (Fragariae folium), corn silk (Maydis stigmata), chamomile flowers (Matricariae flos), and horsetail herb (Equiseti herba)(4).
5. Sexual activity and erectile function
In the study to investigate SA1 (Korean red ginseng, fermented soybean, Tribulus terrestris, Fructus Rubi, Fructus Lycii, Semen Cuscutae, Dioscorea Rhizome, Fructus Corni and Fructus Crataegi)using both in vitro and in vivo experiments on laboratory animals in order to determine its effect on the sexual behavior and penile erection, indicated that there was an overall increase in the copulatory behavior parameters in the SA1-treated rats, which was reflected by a decrease in the mount and intromission latencies and an increase in the ejaculation latency and mount frequency. SA1 significantly increased the ratio of the intracavernous pressure to mean arterial pressure. In vitro, SA1 significantly enhanced the relaxation responses to acetylcholine. These results suggest that SA1 improves the sexual activity and erectile function(5).
5. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use the herb in case of spleen deficiency without digestion or abundance of stomach acid or peptic ulcers
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
3. Etc.

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

Chinese Food Therapy

The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity

and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination

Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To

Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21710751
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21316437
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20980208
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17619305
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16819173

Saturday, October 15, 2016

Chinese herbal Medicine Therapy: Shao Yao or Bai Shao Yao, Chi Shao Yao (Radix Peoniae Lactiflorae)

Bai Shao Yao, Chi Shao Yao (Radix Peoniae Lactiflorae)

Bai Shao Yao, Chi Shao Yao also known as white dahlia root or red dahlia respectively. The bitter, sour and cool herb has been used in TCM as anti-spastic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, sedative antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic agnet and to lower blood pressure, dilate peripheral blood vessels, treat menstrual dysfunction, vagina yeast infection, uterine bleeding, etc., as it nourishes Blood, preserves the Yin. nourishes the Liver, calms and Liver-Yang, etc. by enhancing the functions of liver and spleen channels.

Ingredients
1. paeoniflorin
2. Paeonol
3. Paeonin,
4.AQlbiflorin
6. Sistosterol7. Oxypaeoniflorin
8. Benzoylpaeoniflorin
9. Benzoic acid
10. β sitosterol
11. Gallotannin
12. Pedunculagin
13. 1-O-Galloylpedunculagin
14. Eugeniin
15. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Anti-angiogenesis effect
In the study to investiagte the anti-angiogenesis effect of total glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., showed that TGP (12.5, 62.5, and 312.5 microg/ml) resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the proliferation of endothelial cells. This inhibition effect began 6h after treatment and lasted at least 24h. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis data showed an accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, which exhibited apoptotic features indicative of cell death. The migration properties and tube forming abilities of endothelial cells were dramatically inhibited by the TGP extract(1).
2. Antioxidative and neuroprotective effects
In the study to examine the antioxidative and neuroprotective effects of Paeonia lactiflora pall (PLE), showed that Total phenolic content of PLE was 89.65 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of PLE. IC(50) values for reducing power, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were 297.57, 3.33, and 32.74 microg, respectively. The protective effect of PLE against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage to PC12 cells was investigated by an 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. After 2 h of cell exposure to 0.5 mM H(2)O(2), a marked reduction in cell survival was observed. However, this reduction was significantly prevented by 10-100 microg/ml of PLE. H(2)O(2) also induced severe apoptosis of the PC12 cells, which was indicated by a flow cytometric analysis. Interestingly, the H(2)O(2)-stressed PC12 cells that had been incubated with PLE had greatly suppressed apoptosis(2).
3. Liver fibrosis
Paeoniae Radix, the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall, was investigated for PDGF-BB-induced HSC chemotaxis. Rat HSCs and LX-2, a human HSC cell line, were used for the in vitro experiments. Cell migration was analyzed by wound-healing and transwell assays, Paeoniae Radix extracts and its active components, paeonol and 1,2,3,4,6-penta- O-galloyl- β-D-glucose (PGG), inhibited PDGF-BB-induced HSC migration and α-SMA and collagen expressions in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effects were associated with downregulation of PDGF receptor- α, ERK, p38, and JNK activation. Both paeonol and PGG participate in HSC migration, but via differential mechanisms(3).
4. Anti cancers
PHY906, a decoction of a mixture of the four herbs Scutellaria baicalensis Geori, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Paeonia lactiflora Pall, was investigated for the therapeutic indices of a broad spectrum of anticancer agents showed that over a ten-year period, the multiplex technology “PhytomicsQC” has been used to show batch-to-batch consistency of PHY906 production. Advanced clinical trials are ongoing to demonstrate the effectiveness of PHY906 as adjuvant therapy for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy(4).
5. Anti-depressant
In the study to to provide scientific evidence to support further research on peony as a potential anti-depressant drug, showed that the peony extract is active in the mouse forced swim test and tail suspension test, and it produces anti-depressant effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression model in mice and rats. The anti-depressant mechanisms of peony are likely mediated by the inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity, neuro-protection, modulation of the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inhibition of oxidative stress, and the up-regulation of neurotrophins(5).
6. Systemic lupus erythematosus
In the study of the therapeutic efficacy and adverse reaction of total glucosides of paeony (TGP, extracted from Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), found that GP had definite therapeutic efficacy in treatment of patients with SLE. It could reduce the average daily dose of prednisone and the total CTX dose, lower the recurrent cases and episodes of infection, especially for the medication of more than five years(6).
7. Bladder cancer
In the study to evaluate the anticancer effect of RPA in urinary bladder carcinoma in vitro and in vivo, showed that RPA inhibits growth of bladder cancer via induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Treatment of TSGH-8301 cells with RPA resulted in G2-M phase arrest that was associated with a marked decline in protein levels of cdc2, cyclin B1, cell division cycle 25B (Cdc25B) and Cdc25C. We also reported that RPA-mediated growth inhibition of TSGH-8301 cells was correlated with activation of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2). Herein, we further evaluated urinary bladder cancer using a model of bladder cancer induced by OH-BBN. Analysis of tumors from RPA-treated rats showed significant decrease in the expression of Bcl2, cyclin D1, and PCNA, and increase in the expression of p-Chk2 (Thr-68), Bax, and Cip1/p21(7).
8. Vascular dementia
Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS), a traditional Chinese medicinal prescription, is clinically used for the treatment of vascular dementia (VD), Researchers at the China Pharmaceutical University in the study of Comparative pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin in plasma of vascular dementia and normal rats orally administrated with Danggui-Shaoyao-San or pure paeoniflorin, found that he absorptions of paeoniflorin in both VD and normal group of rats were better when orally administrated with DSS than that with pure paeoniflorin, which justified the combined use as formula DSS. Moreover, a better absorption of paeoniflorin in rats of the VD than in normal group was observed, which is helpful for the treatment of VD(8).
9. Anti-inflammatory effect
Paeoniflorin, found in Paeonia lactiflora Pall, inhibits nuclear factor-kappaB expression in chronic hypoperfusion rat and has anti-inflammatory properties(9).
10. Etc.

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