Anise may have a potential and therapeutic effect in reduced risk of nephrotoxicity caused by intake of some medicine and chemicals, some scientists suggested.
Nephrotoxicity or acute kidney failure is a condition of toxicity in the kidneys.
The disease is caused by a poisonous effect of prolonged use of certain medication and accumulation of harmful chemicals.
According to the American physician association, long-term use of penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides, thiazide diuretics, furosemide, NSAIDs and rifampicin are associated to increase damage to the kidney.
And people with age over 60 are at increased risk of nephrotoxicity if the above medicine is prescribed for prolonged periods.
Continuously, the association wrote, "Drug-induced nephrotoxicity tends to be more common among certain patients and in specific clinical situations" and " Drugs cause approximately 20 percent of community-and hospital-acquired episodes of acute renal failure".
Dr. Koren G, in the classification of drug and chemicals that cause nephrotoxicity suggested, "Drugs and chemicals may affect renal function by pharmacologically decreasing glomerular filtration rate and/or renal blood flow" and " A variety of xenobiotics or their metabolites may be deposited in the renal tubule causing obstruction of urine flow and a secondary damage to tubular epithelium"(4).
If you experience symptoms of decreased urine output,.fluid retention that causes legs, ankles or feet. swelling,.... and shortness of breath, you may have acute kidney failure, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.
Anise is a flowering plant of the species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belonging to the family Apiaceae native to Egypt and the Mediterranean region, used in traditional herbal medicine as a fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, antiseptic, anti-spasmodic,...
Chemical constituents
Anethole, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.
In the investigation of the effect of Pimpinella anisum (P. anisum) in alleviated gentamicin (GM) in induction of nephrotoxicity, in a group of 40 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: control, sham administrated normal saline orally and intraperitoneally (i.p.), GM received 100 mg/kg bw/day and GM and ethanolic extract of P. anisum with an oral dose of 300 mg/kg bw/day for 8 days, researchers found that GM groups demonstrates a significant increase of plasma levels of creatinine which is an indication of improper function of kidneys, levels of Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) which is an indication of how the kidneys in filtered out the wastes and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a maker of oxidative stress.
Mice injected with GM also displayed an absolutely increased excretion of sodium and potassium inducing fluid or electrolyte imbalances and impaired kidney function.
Oral GM administrated mice also showed a decreased level of reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) level, a marker of antioxidant defense in compared to the sham group.
Interestingly, application of herbal anise in GM group at a dose of 300 mg/kg expressed an improvement of various aspects through significantly reduced the plasma concentrations of renal function markers and gentamicin-induced tubule damage.
Dr. Changizi-Ashtiyani S, the lead author said, " the potential therapeutic impact of P. anisum to attenuate GM-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the simultaneous use of an ethanolic extract of P. anisum during GM administration is recommended to reduce its nephrotoxicity effects".
Amazingly, in the study to evaluate the effect Pimpinella anisum L. against lead intoxication in induction of nephrotoxicity in young rats intoxicated by lead acetate, researchers found that oral administration of aqueous extract of P. anisum L. (500 and 750 mg/kg) for 15 days show a strong improvement in reduced expression of urea, creatinine, aciduric, and gamma-GT by −71%, −1.23%, −1.80% and −5.88% of kidney damage biomarkers caused by lead toxicity.
Importantly, injection of anise extracted also decreased the level of lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) of −13.56%, an indication of antioxidant activity induced by the application
and increased the concentration of total proteins (+8.88%) in the expression of kidney and liver protective effects without changing histological structures of the kidney between the studied groups.
Dr. Bekara Amina, the lead author, after taking into account other confounders, said, "P. anisum L. may have a nephroprotective potential against harmful effect induced by lead toxicity on kidney".
Moreover, in the study of a total of 40 male Wister albino rats divided randomly into four groups (1st group was control; 2nd group treated with star anise, 3 rd group received Etoposide, and 4th group treated with both star anise and Etoposide(chemotherapy medication used for the treatments of a number of types of cancer), application of the herbal products, displayed similar efficacy as those in Ansie through significantly decreased elevation in creatinine, blood urea, sodium, potassium and chloride while calcium ions induced in the injection of Etoposide.
The study also addressed the inter uncorrelated between star anise water extract and the injection of Etoposide observed by assay supported the detrimental effect of Etoposide in the ameliorating effect of star anise water extract on renal toxicity.
Dr. Ali Salman Hassan according to the information findings said, "star anise has a promising role and it worth to be considered as a natural substance for ameliorating the renal toxicity and injury induced by Etoposide chemotherapy".
Taken together, Anise may be considered as an adjunct therapy in combined with standard medicine in reduced risk of nephrotoxicity, particularly in patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer treatment.
Intake of herbal extract should be taken with extreme care in prevented liver toxicity.
However, further data collection on large example size andmulti-centerss studies performed with human consumption of the whole food during the acute phase of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of herbal anise kidney protective possibilities.
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Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Pimpinella anisum L. ethanolic extract ameliorates the gentamicin- induced nephrotoxicity in rats by Changizi-Ashtiyani S1, Seddigh A2, Najafi H3, Hossaini N4, Avan A5, Akbary A6, Manian M7, Nedaeinia R8.(PubMed))
(2) Prevention of Etoposide induced kidney toxicity, electrolytes, injury and KI67 alternations in male rats tre ated with star anise Ali Salman Hassan Al-Ameri Environmental studies/Biology/Ministry of Education, Iraq(JBAAR)
(3) Nephroprotective effect of Pimpinella anisum L. aqueous extract against lead toxicity: In vivo study by Bekara Amina, Ait Hamadouche, Kahloulakhaled, Aoues Abdelkader(Research Gate)
(4) The nephrotoxic potential of drugs and chemicals. Pharmacological basis and clinical relevance by Koren G(PubMed)
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