Epidemiological studies do agree that yoga lesson may reduce symptoms and complications expression in patients with Schizophrenia, a renowned university study suggested.
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder induced inconsistent or contradictory elements such as the breakdown of certain relation in thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions,.... and feelings.
The exact causes of schizophrenia are unknown. However, the National Health service suggested that certain risk factors involving physical, genetic, psychological and environmental circumstances are associated with the likeliness of a person to develop the condition.
Sadly, researchers do not know, why people with the same health condition, some are susceptible to Schizophrenia development the while others do not.
Furthermore, stressful or emotional life event might trigger a psychotic episode in patients with Schizophrenia.
Yoga, the accident technique practice for harmonized external and internal body well being, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement, and gesture..... has been well known for people in the Western world and some parts in Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.
In the clinically stable, adult outpatients with SZ (n=286) completed baseline assessments randomized to treatment as usual (TAU), supervised yoga training with TAU (YT) or supervised physical exercise training with TAU (PE) researchers at the joint study led by the University of Pittsburgh filed the following results
* After six months and follow up, yoga showed a significant improvement of speed index of attention domain compared to control groups.
* In cognitive domains, yoga group demonstrated a significant improvement compared to PE and with TAU alone, respectively
The further assessment also suggested that both YT and PE improved attention and additional cognitive domains well past the training period, but only the YT group showed a beneficial effect of on speed index of attention domain.
These results of improvement may be attributed to the repeated practice of attentional focus and redirecting attention may be a possible active ingredient for developing greater attentional control
Moreover, the physical and cognitive benefits associated with yoga and mindfulness may be due to mechanisms that activated the parasympathetic nervous system through meditative or contemplative practices.
Some researchers also suggested long-term yoga practice increases body perception, stronger functional connectivity within the basal ganglia and increased activation of grey matter volume and amygdala with regional enlargement.
Additionally, in the review literature published in the databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, BIOS, AMED, PsychINFO involved randomised controlled trials (RCTs) including people with schizophrenia comparing yoga as a package of care with standard-care control, researchers found only 3 studies with all outcomes were short-term (less than eight weeks) with none of them displayed a significant change of yoga group in compared to control.
The findings indicated that short-term yoga practice may have a little effect of improvement of cognitive function.
More importantly, in patients perspective, a study of total of 100 schizophrenia patients (male: female = 57:43; age: 35.8 ± 9.2 years) attending the psychiatry out-patient services of a tertiary neuropsychiatry hospital administered a survey questionnaire, researchers at the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences reported the following results
* 46% participant was aware that yoga is also one of the complementary therapies useful in schizophrenia.
* 32% had tried yoga in the past for some reasons, but only 31% of them were continuing yoga with reasons of lack of motivation (31%) and inability to spare time (27.6%).
* However, the majority (88.5%) of them were willing to take up add-on yoga therapy on out-patient basis along with their regular medical follow-up.
Taking all together, long-term yoga lesson may be used as a secondary and therapeutic enhancement of cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Yoga as part of a package of care versus standard care for schizophrenia by Broderick J1, Vancampfort D.(PubMed)
(2) A randomized controlled trial of adjunctive yoga and adjunctive physical exercise training for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia by Bhatia T1, Mazumdar S2, Wood J3, He F2, Gur RE4, Gur RC4, Nimgaonkar VL5, Deshpande SN6.(PubMed)
(3) Yoga for schizophrenia: Patients' perspective by Govindaraj R1, Varambally S1, Gangadhar BN1.(PubMed)
(4) Effects of weekly one-hour Hatha yoga therapy on resilience and stress levels in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: an eight-week randomized controlled trial by Ikai S1, Suzuki T, Uchida H, Saruta J, Tsukinoki K, Fujii Y, Mimura M.(PubMed)
(5) A yoga program for cognitive enhancement by (PMC)
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