Medical Advisor Journals

Sunday, May 22, 2016

Most Common Diseases of 50plus: Diabetes(The Articles) --- Smoking

If you are diabetic, the chance that you are overweight and this increase the
chance of high cholesterol and high blood pressure. So, to control the
glucose in your blood stream, you might want to try high protein diet
together with fighting cholesterol and high blood pressure natural remedies.

Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

Traditionally, diabetes is viewed as a failure of the pancreas to release
enough insulin for sugar metabolism. People with diabetes has grown
increasingly worse over last 10 years. The escalation in diabetes corresponds
to rise in heart disease, because of over weight, poor diet and lack of
exercise.

Nicotine is a stimulant, speeding up the heart by about 20 beats per minute with every cigarette and reduces the body's ability to use insulin by 15 percent. It also raises blood pressure. Nicotine makes arteries all over the body become smaller making it harder for the heart to pump through the constricted arteries, causing the body to release it's stores of fat and cholesterol into the blood, therefore smokingdecreases the circulation of blood throughout our body causing less oxygen to be delivered to our vital organs and tissues. This makes diabetics harder to manage heart disease at the same time causing it.

Because of poor circulation of blood in the body, the immune system slowly reacts to allergens, bacteria and virus attacks, smoking diabetics are easier to get colds, the flu and sick more often. This poor circulation also increases the risk of impotence, that is a significant problem for men with diabetes even if they don't smoke.

Also, smoking blunts the ability to taste. Smokers choose foods with strong flavors, therefore smokers tend to eat less fruits and vegetables and more in fat and salt.
Since smoking causes fluctuation of insulin in the blood stream this increases blood pressure, and cholesterol and decreases the circulation of blood in our body. Smoking diabetics are at least 3 times at risk of developing heart disease than diabetics who don't smoke and they are much likely to die if they suffer a heart attack. Managing meal plans become very difficult for diabetics smokers. Therefore stop smoking is the benefit for a diabetic smoker's own good.

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Most common Diseases of 50plus: Obesity and Obesity's complication of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Deep Vein Thrombosis is defined as a condition of blood clot in one of the deep veins of the body, especially in veins of the leg or pelvis that can lead to pain and swelling. it is not life threatening but obstruction of the blood flow in major organ may have a D. How dangerous consequence.

The associateion of Obesity with Deep Vein Thrombosis
According "Recent korean perspective of deep vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty" by Kim KI, Cho KY, Jin W, Khurana SS, Bae DK., in a study of 311 consecutive knees in 227 patients for total knee arthroplasty, posted inPubMed, researchers found that there were 9 cases (3.03%) of proximal DVT, 70 cases (23.57%) of distal DVT, and no symptomatic pulmonary embolism. Although this cohort had limited number of patients by a single surgeon, there is still low incidence of proximal DVT in Koreans with rare pulmonary embolism occurrence compared with those of the Western. High postoperative d-dimer levels were correlative, but no appropriate cutoff value was found. Obesity was a significant associated risk factor.

2. According to the study of "Influence of lipids and obesity on haemorheological parameters in patients with deep vein thrombosis" by Vayá A, Falcó C, Simó M, Ferrando F, Mira Y, Todolí J, España F, Corella D., posted in PubMed, researchers concluded that were also independently associated with a greater risk of DVT. Our results suggest that increased EA (erythrocyte aggregation) constitute an independent risk factor for DVT. However, when associated to hyperlipidaemia and obesity it further increases thrombotic risk.

3. In the study of in 665 patients (701 ankles) who underwent primary total ankle replacementof the abstract of "Risk factors for symptomatic deep-vein thrombosis in patients after total ankle replacement who received routine chemical thromboprophylaxis" by Barg A, Henninger HB, Hintermann B., posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that osing a logistic multiple regression model we identified obesity, a previous venous thromboembolic event and the absence of full post-operative weight-bearing as independent risk factors for developing a symptomatic DVT. The incidence of symptomatic DVT after total ankle replacement and use of low-molecular-weight heparin is comparable with that in patients undergoing total knee or hip replacement.

4. According to the study of "Deep-vein thrombosis is associated with large uterine fibroids" by Shiota M, Kotani Y, Umemoto M, Tobiume T, Tsuritani M, Shimaoka M, Hoshiai H., posted in PubMed, researchers wrote in abstract that Pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) may occur upon a patient's first postoperative attempt of ambulation. PE is a serious complication, often leading to shock or sudden death. Reported rates of PE following gynecologic surgery are between 0.3% and 0.8%, while the incidence of postoperative deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), the major cause of PE, is between 17% and 20%. Therefore, effective preventive measures, such as preoperative assessment for asymptomatic DVT, should be considered. It is well known that DVT and/or PE are associated with large uterine fibroids, the common, benign tumor of myometrium. Here, to establish the statistical relationship between DVT risk and uterine fibroid size/weight, we assessed the preoperative DVT rate with respect to three possible risk factors: age,obesity level, and uterine size/weight.

5. In the study of 843 Japanese patients with a preoperative diagnosis of benign ovarian tumor who underwent tumorectomy or adnexectomy at our institution between July 2003 and December 201 of "Risk factors for deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism in benign ovarian tumor" by Shiota M, Kotani Y, Umemoto M, Tobiume T, Tsuritani M, Shimaoka M, Hoshiai H., posted in PubMed, researchers concluded that patience with age ≥ 50 years and BMI > 25 are independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in Japan.

6. Etc.

The Treatments of suggestions of Obesity and Deep Vein Thrombosis
1. According to the abstract of "Management of deep vein thrombosis to reduce the incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome" by Lowe GD., posted inPubMed, researchers found that DVT should be individually assessed for the benefits and risks of continued oral anticoagulation, including patient preferences. Risk factors for recurrent DVT include active cancer, pregnancy, continued use of oral oestrogens, male sex, obesity, recurrent thrombosis, established PTS, permanent inferior vena caval filters, residual DVT, high fibrin d-dimer and other thrombophilias. Early walking, continued high levels of physical activity and wearing compression stockings for up to two years may also reduce the risk of PTS.

2. On the study of "Predictors of chronic disease at midlife and beyond--the health risks of obesity" by Nejat EJ, Polotsky AJ, Pal L., posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that A burgeoning pandemic of obesity is well characterized. 41% of U.S. adults are projected to be obese by 2015 and obesity, a potentially modifiable risk, is emerging as a leading predictor of lifetime health. The wide spectrum of morbidities related to excess body mass includes risks for diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, malignancy, venous thrombosis, degenerative joint disease, pulmonary compromise, sleep apnea, cholelithiasis, depression and overall reduced quality of life....... Aggressive efforts must be targeted towards population-based strategies to educate and sensitize all generations on contributors to and sequelae of excess body mass as obesityrepresents one of the few modifiable factors that impact on the quantity and quality of lifespan.

3. Etc.

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Most common Diseases of 50plus: The Obesity' Research and Studies - Obesity and Weight Loss Hormone Ghrelin

You can calculate your BMI index BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Ghrelin is a hormone produced by the stomach and pancreas with the function of stimulating hunger to protect against the fat loss as a result of thousand years in protecting the survival of human species. Its levels increase before meals and decrease after meals. As to its unique activity, many researchers have tried to find a way to block the stimulation of this hormone for weight loss.

In the study of (a) changes in ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY) concentrations during a weight reduction programme and (b) baseline ghrelin and PYY levels during aweight reduction programme with 15 normal-weight teenagers and 32 severely obese adolescents (BMI z score = 4.1), researchers found that obese teenagers had lower ghrelin and PYY concentrations than normal-weight adolescents (P < 0.05). Moreover, they showed significantly higher leptin, insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) (P < 0.0001).). During the lifestyle modification, there was a significant decrease in body weight among obese teenagers, associated with an increase in ghrelin (apparent from month 6; P < 0.05), a decrease in leptin (from month 3; P < 0.05) and a decrease in insulin and HOMA (from month 3; P < 0.0001), without any significant change in PYY.
Researchers concluded that In adolescents with severe obesity, a long-term combination of supervised aerobic exercises and a balanced diet led to weightreduction and increased ghrelin concentrations, without any change in PYY concentrations. Moreover, baseline PYY concentrations might be considered as predictors of weight loss.(1).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

References
(1) "Ghrelin and PYY levels in adolescents with severe obesity: effects of weight loss induced by long-term exercise training and modified food habits." by Gueugnon C, Mougin F, Nguyen NU,Bouhaddi M, Nicolet-Guénat M, Dumoulin G. posted in PubMed

Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Rheumatoid Arthritis: Other herbal formula 4 treatment of RA

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalgia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis is defined a chronic disorder as a result of inflammation, affecting mostly the flexible (synovial) joints and tissues and organs in the body. The disease affects more women than men and generally occurs after the ages of 40, causing diminished quality of life of many elders(1). According to CDC, Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) affects over 52 millions of adults in the US alone, including 294,000 children under age 18 with some form of arthritis or rheumatic conditions(2). Rheumatoid Arthritis can induced bone loss through elevating bone resorption without increasing bone formation(4). A cross-sectional population-based study of 1042 patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed that RA patients had an increased risk of death from various causes(4a).

The Treatment

B. Treatment in herbal and traditional Chinese medicine
B.9. The herbal formulas in herbal and traditional Chinese medicine
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common worldwide public health problem especially in China, many RA formula has been used in the clinic and some of these TCM formulas have been existed over thousands of years in ancient China(388) with potential mechanisms such as inhibited osteoclast proliferation, suppressed fibroblast, decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines, blocking signal pathways, etc.).
6. Other formula used for treatment of RA may include
6.1. SKI306X, is a herbal formula containing Clematis mandshurica (CM), Prunella vulgaris (PV), and Trichosanthes kirilowii (TK)used to relieve pain associated with an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, as well as delay the destruction of cartilage in rheumatoid arthritis(403).
6.2. Wen Luo Yin (WLY) used in traditional Chinese formula for treatment of scattering cold pathogen, draining dampness, freeing the flow of network vessels and relieving pains may be a next pharmaceutical therapeutic agent for treaament of RA as it inhibited inflammation, pannus formation, cartilage and bone destruction of inflamed joints in CIA rat model(402).
6.3. Wei-Ling-Xian, another anti-arthritic herbal formula may also be effective for treatment of RA due to its phytochemical clematichinenoside (AR-6)in inhibition of pro inflammatory cytokines(403).
6.4. Liang Miao San, the herbal formual composed of the herbs Rhizoma Atractylodis (Cangzhu) and Cotex Phellodendri (Huangbai), is another traditional Chinese medicine formula for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment through expression of differential anti-inflammatory activities of its phytochemical sinomenine by modulating distinct intracellular signaling pathways in RA(404).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

References
(1) 8 Areas of Age-Related Change(NIH)
(2) Arthritis-Related Statistics(CDC)
(3) Valgus deformities of the feet and characteristics of gait in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis by Keenan MA1, Peabody TD, Gronley JK, Perry J.(PubMed)
(4) Serum Sclerostin Level Among Egyptian Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Relation to Disease Activity ,Bone Mineral Density and Radiological Grading by Mehaney DA, Eissa M, Anwar S, El-Din SF(PubMed)
(4a) Death rates and causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study by Sihvonen S1, Korpela M, Laippala P, Mustonen J, Pasternack A(PubMed)
(402) Wen Luo Yin inhibits angiogenesis in collagen-induced arthritis rat model and in vitro by Liu C1, Kong X, Li X, Guo W, Zhang C, Sun Y, Su X, Liu X, Lu A, Lin N(PubMed)
(403) Anti-arthritic effects of clematichinenoside (AR-6) on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and TNF-α associated with collagen-induced arthritis by Han W1, Xiong Y, Li Y, Fang W, Ma Y, Liu L, Li F, Zhu X.(PubMed)
(404) Anti-inflammatory activities of Chinese herbal medicine sinomenine and Liang Miao San on tumor necrosis factor-α-activated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis by Chen DP1, Wong CK, Leung PC, Fung KP, Lau CB, Lau CP, Li EK, Tam LS, Lam CW.(PubMed)

The Smoothie of Green Tea, Blueberry, Grape, Peanut and Curcumin for Treatment of Minimal mesangial glomerulonephritis induced by SLE

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

The smoothie for prevention and treatment of Minimal mesangial glomerulonephritis induced by Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
1/ 4 cup Blueberry
1 cup grape
1/4 cup peanut
1/4 tsp curcumin(optional)
1 cup green tea drink (Make from 4 grams of green tea, a slice of ginger and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and let cool to room temperature)
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed.
3. Serve immediately

The finding of a natural source for treatment of Malarial nephropathy has been running into many obstacles, many ingredients showed initially with promising result in animal studies have not produced same potentials in large sample size and mutli centers human trials.

Minimal mesangial glomerulonephritis is a type of glomerulonephritis, affecting 10% to 25% of patients with lupus nephritis SLE, a disease of the autoimmune system.

Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Due to its commercial values and health effects, green tea now has been cultivated all over the world in suitable climate. According to Kyushu University, chronic drinking of tea may attenuate the risk of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)(1)

Major phytochemical constituent isolated from green tea, in National Defense Medical Center study, expressed the prophylactic effects on lupus nephritis in prevented proteinuria, renal function impairment, and severe renal lesions through antioxidant and free radical scavenging and anti pro inflammatory activities(2).

Furthermore, the antioxidant also manifested the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in the kidney, including inhibiting NF-kappaB, the pro inflammatory pathway(3).

Resveratrol is a phytochemical in the class of Stilbenoids, found abundantly in grape, blueberry and peanuts, may also display anti Minimal mesangial glomerulonephritis induced by Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) through its immune-modulated effects(5). According to the joint study led by the Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, resveratrol exhibited protective effects in pristane-induced lupus mice via anti-inflammation and immune-regulatory properties(4).

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia. The herb has been used in trditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc. its chemical constituent curcumin exhibited anti SLE effects through maintaining the balance between T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg)(6).
According to the University of Chicago, curcumin increased the expression of IgG deposits in protection against altered the transport of immune complexes leading to an increase in IgG deposits which could induce inflammatory pathways thereby leading to worsening of the disease(7).

Furthermore, oral administration of turmeric supplementation can decrease proteinuria, hematuria, and systolic blood pressure in patients suffering from relapsing or refractory lupus nephritis, the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences suggested(8).

The smoothie of Green Tea, Blueberry, Grape, Peanut and Curcumin may hold a key in further studies in production of effective natural ingredients for prevention and treatment of any type of Minimal mesangial glomerulonephritis induced by SLEwithout inducing adverse effects.

People who are at increased risk of any of Minimal mesangial glomerulonephritis induced by SLE, due to family history, weaken immunity... should drink at least one cup daily. People with Minimal mesangial glomerulonephritis induced by SLE, should drink no more than 4 servings daily, depending to the digestive toleration.

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

References

(1) Modifying effect of N-acetyltransferase 2 genotype on the association between systemic lupus erythematosusand consumption of alcohol and caffeine-rich beverages by Kiyohara C1, Washio M, Horiuchi T, Asami T, Ide S, Atsumi T, Kobashi G, Takahashi H, Tada Y; Kyushu Sapporo SLE (KYSS) Study Group.(PubMed)

(2) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents lupus nephritis development in mice via enhancing the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation by Tsai PY1, Ka SM, Chang JM, Chen HC, Shui HA, Li CY, Hua KF, Chang WL, Huang JJ, Yang SS, Chen A.(PubMed)

(3) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate activates Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by Sahin K1, Tuzcu M, Gencoglu H, Dogukan A, Timurkan M, Sahin N, Aslan A, Kucuk O.(PubMed)

(4) Resveratrol possesses protective effects in a pristane-induced lupus mouse model by Wang ZL1, Luo XF1, Li MT1, Xu D1, Zhou S1, Chen HZ2, Gao N1, Chen Z1, Zhang LL1, Zeng XF1.(PubMed)

(5) [Effect of resveratrol on the activation of murine CD4(+);T lymphocytes].[Article in Chinese]by Wang Z1, Zeng X, Li M, Luo X.(PubMed)

(6) Treatment of low doses curcumin could modulate Th17/Treg balance specifically on CD4+ T cell cultures ofsystemic lupus erythematosus patients by Handono K1, Pratama MZ2, Endharti AT3, Kalim H2.(PubMed)

(7) Curcumin aggravates CNS pathology in experimental systemic lupus erythematosus by Foxley S1, Zamora M, Hack B, Alexander RR, Roman B, Quigg RJ, Alexander JJ.(PubMed)

(8) Oral supplementation of turmeric decreases proteinuria, hematuria, and systolic blood pressure in patients suffering from relapsing or refractory lupus nephritis: a randomized and placebo-controlled study by Khajehdehi P1, Zanjaninejad B, Aflaki E, Nazarinia M, Azad F, Malekmakan L,Dehghanzadeh GR.(PubMed)

Most Common Diseases of 50plus: Diabetes(The Articles) --- When Dining Out

Traditionally, diabetes is viewed as a failure of the pancreas to release
enough insulin for sugar metabolism. People with diabetes has grown
increasingly worse over last 10 years. The escalation in diabetes corresponds
to rise in heart disease, because of over weight, poor diet and lack of
exercise.

We eat out because it's easy, it's quick, and it's fun. But is it healthy? For type II diabetics, if you only eating out once a month, there is no need to worry about what you eat, but if it is 2 or 3 times a week, making good choices of foods is critical to your nutrition as well as blood sugar. Food in the restaurants contain more salt, saturated fat and I tend to eat more than we would at home.
Here are some tips on avoiding the traps when dining out:
1. Do not go out with an empty stomach
Eat a light healthy breakfast and lunch before you go. This will take the edge off your appetite and you will be less likely to over-eat.

2 Start with bread:
Ask the server if they have whole grain bread, because it will be digested slowly and gradually turned into glucose in your bloodstream. Also bread makes you feel full and you will be less likely to over-eat.

3. Drinks:
Water is the best choice in dining out. Most restaurants today offer free cool water for all customers, if not you can still ask for it. If you really want to drink, limiting yourself to 1-2 glasses of alcohol.

4. Remember that your meals should contain carbohydrates, proteins and vegetables:
Pick foods from menus that give you all three of the above components.

5. Eat slowly:
Take time to enjoy your foods and talk to your friends, eating slowly will help you stomach digest foods more slowly, resulting in glucose entering the bloodstream more slowly giving time for insulin to do it's job.

6. Order your food slowly:
Do not order all your foods at once. Otherwise, you will be likely to over-eat

Phytochemicals In Foods: The effects of Dithiolthiones(Isothiocyanates)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituent, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color. Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medicine for treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.

Dithiolthiones(Isothiocyanates)are phytochemicals in the class of Organosulfides, found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, garden sorrel, horseradish, etc.

The Health effects of Dithiolthiones include
1. Anti acetaminophen hepatotoxicity
In the investigation of Anethol dithiolthione (ADT), usually prescribed as a choleretic drug, given orally 1 hour prior to acetaminophen (AAP) (450 mg/kg intraperitoneally) in Swiss female mice, found that ADT exhibited an hepatoprotective potency at doses as low as 10 mg/kg relative to serum aminotransferase activities and hepatic glutathione related enzyme system (glutathione reductase, peroxidase, transferase), according to "Protective effect of anethol dithiolthione against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice" by Warnet JM, Christen MO, Thevenin M, Biard D, Jacqueson A, Claude JR.(1)

2. Chemopreventive efficacy
in the observation of two exposure regimens used to compare the efficacies of early (Regimen-A) versus late (Regimen-B) intervention in prevention of lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice, indicated that Evaluation of lung tumor multiplicity following exposure to oltipraz showed that oltipraz inhibited the tumor development in a dose-dependent manner (10-100 mg/m(3)) with inhibition ranging from 37 to 53% in Regimen A and 51% in Regimen B, when compared with the B[a]P group. Analysis of the tumor incidence showed that 81.5% of the animals had 10 or more tumors in the B[a]P group, whereas, in oltipraz exposure groups, there was a significant decrease in Regimen A (24-36%) and in Regimen B (42%), according to "The chemopreventive efficacy of inhaled oltipraz particulates in the B[a]P-induced A/J mouse lung adenoma model" by Sharma S, Gao P, Steele VE.(2)

3. Detoxication of xenobiotics
In the testing The dithiolthiones, oltipraz, ADT, 116L and 129L, in mice and in rats, oltipraz. Intragastric administration of dithiolthiones (oltipraz, ADT or 116L; two doses each of 1 g/kg body weight) found that Dithiolthiones present in cabbage may play a role in the protective actions of diets high in vegetables against the toxic actions of xenobiotics, according to "Biochemical effects of dithiolthiones' by Ansher SS, Dolan P, Bueding E.(3)

4. Antioxidants
In the examination of the role of glutathione (GSH) in the regulation of this adhesion phenomenon and in the increased tyrosine phosphorylation induced by ROS, found that ADT reduced both PMN adhesion to ROS-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK and paxillin. ADT increased redox status by increasing intracellular GSH content in oxidized cells. These results show that GSH can reverse the effect of oxidation on tyrosine kinase activation and phosphorylation, and thus plays an important role in cell signaling. They also confirm the antioxidant activity of ADT, according to "Anethole dithiolethione regulates oxidant-induced tyrosine kinase activation in endothelial cells" by Ben-Mahdi MH, Gozin A, Driss F, Andrieu V, Christen MO, Pasquier C.(4)

5. Aflatoxin B1 contamination
In the study of the influence of oltipraz and a second dithiolthione, (1,2) dithiolo (4,3-c)-1,2-dithiole-3,6 dithione (DDD) on bovine hepatic aflatoxin B1 biotransformation, found that Oltipraz inhibited aflatoxin B1 metabolism as no aflatoxin M1 and no aflatoxin B1-dihydrodiol, the second metabolite found in bovine hepatocytes, was formed. DDD did not significantly inhibit aflatoxin B1 metabolism. It could be demonstrated that the inhibition of aflatoxin B1 metabolism was due to the inhibition of several cytochrome P450 enzyme activities by oltipraz. In contrast, DDD inhibited only ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation activity, according to "Inhibition of aflatoxin M1 production by bovine hepatocytes after intervention with oltipraz" by Kuilman ME, Maas RF, Woutersen-van Nijnanten FM, Fink-Gremmels J.(5)

6. Cancer prevention
In the investigation of The critical role of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) and their importance in cancer prevention and susceptibility, clinical studies revealed that the GST activity of blood lymphocytes from individuals with either a personal or family history of colorectal cancer or a personal history of colon polyps was decreased significantly when compared to that of healthy controls. Phase 1 clinical evaluation of oltipraz has demonstrated its ability to induce GST activity as well as the level of transcripts encoding gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS) and DT-diaphorase in the colon mucosa of individuals at increased risk for colorectal cancer. The observed correlation between the posttreatment response in blood lymphocytes and colon mucosa suggested that blood lymphocytes may be used in future trials as a surrogate biomarker of the responsiveness of colon tissue to chemopreventive regimens, according to "Glutathione S-transferases--biomarkers of cancer risk and chemopreventive response" by Clapper ML, Szarka CE.(6)

7. Anti nephrotoxicity
in the determination of s the effects of ADT on hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD)-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat and the mechanism of its action, found that ADT protects rats against HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity by a mechanism that does not involve the modulation of HCBD conjugation with liver GSH, nor the modulation of the kidney NPSH level and beta-lyase activity. The mechanism of protection conferred to rats by an ADT pretreatment against HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity appears to take place in the kidney at a step beyond the generation of ultimate toxic metabolites derived from PCBC, according to 'Assessment of the role of glutathione conjugation in the protection afforded by anethol dithiolthioneagainst hexachloro-1,3-butadiene-induced nephrotoxicity" by Bouthillier L, Charbonneau M, Brodeur J.(7)

8. Inhibition of platelet aggregation
in the investigation of Anethole dithiolthione (ADT) (10 mumol/l) inhibition of platelet aggregation and the formation of thromboxane (Tx)B2 in plasma in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine and arachidonic acid (AA), indicated that ADT had no additive effect on the inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by acetylsalicylic acid. ADT was a more effective inhibitor of AA-induced platelet aggregation than butylated hydroxytoluene. ADT inhibited the release of 3H-AA from platelet phospholipids in response to ADP and collagen. It is suggested that ADT inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting thromboxane synthesis and preventing AA release, according to "Effect of anetholedithiolthione on human platelet aggregation" by Selley ML, McGuiness JA, Bartlett MR, Ardlie NG.(8)

9. Early colon carcinogenesis
in the study of the effect of dietary oltipraz on liver and colonic mucosal enzymes and DNA adducts in evaluating the modulating role of this agent during the early period of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced carcinogenesis, showed that dietary oltipraz enhances the colonic and liver glutathione S-transferase activity and reduced the formation of DNA adducts. In addition, dietary oltipraz modulates liver and colonic ODC and TPK activities that have been shown to play a role in tumor promotion, according to "Effect of oltipraz [5-(2-pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione] on azoxymethane-induced biochemical changes related to early colon carcinogenesis in male F344 rats" by Rao CV, Nayini J, Reddy BS.(9)

10. Lipid peroxidation
in the observation of the drug anisyldithiolthione (ADT) acted as a good inhibitor of lipid peroxidation induced in rat liver microsomes either chemically by FeSO4 and reducing agents (cysteine or ascorbate) or enzymatically by NADPH and CC14, showed that at doses as low as 5 mg per kg it completely suppressed ethane exhalation by acetaminophen-intoxicated mice and also protected them very efficiently against mortality caused by acetaminophen overdose. The inhibitory effect of ADT toward lipid peroxidation seems to be linked to the presence of itsdithiolthione function, according to "A new potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo, the hepatoprotective drug anisyldithiolthione" by Mansuy D, Sassi A, Dansette PM, Plat M.(10)

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(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2780509
(2) http://carcin.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/8/1721.abstract
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3744194
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11213483
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10682385
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9679568
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8685901
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1497692
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2020672
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3964266