Wednesday, January 8, 2014

@Phytochemical Phytic acid

 Phytochemicals, a natural chemical constituents in plants, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color. Study of Phytochemicals have emerged as a potential source of new medicine for treatment of diseases with little or side effects or creation of their synthetic equivalences for commercial profits.
Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) are phytichemicasl of the organic acid found abundantly in nuts, sesame seeds, soybeans, wheat, pumpkin, beans, almonds, etc.

1. Phytochemicals Phytic acid and Alzheimer's disease (AD)
Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) are phytichemicasl of the organic acid found abundantly in nuts, sesame seeds, soybeans, wheat, pumpkin, beans, almonds, etc.
Alzheimer's disease is a brain disorder named after German physician Alois Alzheimer. Alzheimer's destroys brain cells, causing problems with memory, thinking and behavior severe enough to affect language communication, memory, lifelong hobbies or social life. Alzheimer's gets worse over time, and it is fatal.

The benefits
 In the study of the effects of Phytic acid (inositol hexakisphosphate), a phytochemical found in food grains an others, against amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in MC65 cells and the Tg2576 mouse model, after 48-72-hour treatment, found to be provided a complete protection against amyloid precursor protein-C-terminal fragment-induced cytotoxicity. 2% phytic acid in drinking water for 70 days showed a significant increase in brain levels of cytochrome oxidase and a decrease in lipid peroxidation. Other in  the study of composition and method for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related amyloid plaque development and reduction of amyloid plaque, amyloidosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a phytate salt, an isomer or hydrolysate of phytic acid or a phytate salt, or a mixture of any combination showed the effective in very low doses in treatment and prevention of aggregation of beta amyloid proteins as are commonly seen in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.
References
(1) Phytic acid as a potential treatment for alzheimer's pathology: evidence from animal and in vitro models by Anekonda TS, Wadsworth TL, Sabin R, Frahler K, Harris C, Petriko B, Ralle M, Woltjer R, Quinn JF.(PubMed)
(2) Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of Alzheimer's disease using phytic acid and phytate to reduce amyloid beta plaque and tau protein(Patnetdocs)

2. Phytochemicals Phytic acid and Colorectal cancer
Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) are phytichemicasl of the organic acid found abundantly in nuts, sesame seeds, soybeans, wheat, pumpkin, beans, almonds, etc.
Bowel cancer also known as colorectal cancer, is defined as a condition of the abnormal proliferation of cells in the colon, rectum, or vermiform appendix. Bowl is divided in 2 parts, the first part of the bowel, the small bowl, is involved with the digestion and absorption of food. The 2nd part, the large bowel which consist the the colon and rectum, is involved in absorption of water from the small bowel contents and broken down of certain materials in the feces into substances of which some of them to be re absorbed and reused by the body. Bowel cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progress cancer and in predictable way.
Bowel cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in developed countries, including U>S and Canada.


The benefits
Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), or phytic acid is best known as a natural fighter against cancers. In the study on HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells, the phytochemical exerted a strong evidence for the induction of apoptotic cell death, by up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-xl in favor of apoptosis. Other in the study of the expression changes of β-catenin and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cell proliferation in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence after treatment with rice bran PA by immunocytochemistry also showed the similar result with phytic acid lowering the proliferating index as compared to azoxymethane (AOM) alone (p<0.05). A significant positive correlation (p=0.01) was noted between COX-2 expression(significantly correlated with primary tumor size) and proliferation.

References
(1) Pro-Apoptotic Effect of Rice Bran Inositol Hexaphosphate (IP6) on HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells by Shafie NH, Esa NM, Ithnin H, Saad N, Pandurangan AK.(PubMed)
(2) Suppression of β-catenin and cyclooxygenase-2 expression and cell proliferation in azoxymethane-induced colonic cancer in rats by rice bran phytic acid (PA) by Saad N, Esa NM, Ithnin H.(PubMed)
 


3. Phytochemicals Phytic acid and Cancers

Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) are phytichemicasl of the organic acid found abundantly in nuts, sesame seeds, soybeans, wheat, pumpkin, beans, almonds, etc.
Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells growing and multiplying disordered and uncontrollable way in our body, have become progressively worse and damaged other healthy tissues, sometimes spreads to other organs in the body via lymph or blood and results may be in death.
The health benefits
Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) or phytic acid has been observed in many studies for its effects in  inhibition of tumor growth and induction of cell differentiation in the presence of IP6 in some cancer cell lines, including colon, nipple, breast, prostate, cervix, liver, pancreas, melanoma and glioblastoma, Through its effects as an antioxidant and ability to enhance NK-cells, in influence on cell cycle, induction of differentiation in transformed cells and in activation of programmed death pathways. In other study, Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) showed to inhibit cell growth, decrease cellular proliferation and cause differentiation of malignant cells often resulting in a reversion to normal phenotype.

Reference
(1) [Phytic acid--anticancer nutriceutic].[Article in Polish] by Nawrocka-Musiał D, Latocha M.(PubMed)
(2) IP6: a novel anti-cancer agent by Shamsuddin AM, Vucenik I, Cole KE.(PubMed)

4. Phytochemicals Phytic acid and Prostate cancers
Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) are phytichemicasl of the organic acid found abundantly in nuts, sesame seeds, soybeans, wheat, pumpkin, beans, almonds, etc.
Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells growing and multiplying disordered and uncontrollable way in our body, have become progressively worse and damaged other healthy tissues, sometimes spreads to other organs in the body via lymph or blood and results may be in death.

Prostate cancer is defined as a condition in which the cells of prostate has become cancerous, causing abnormal cell growth which spread to the distant parts of the body. Most prostate cancers are slow growing and enlarged prostate and prostate cancer may be detected during the Physical (rectum) exams.
The health benefits
In prostate cancer, inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) expressed it anti cancer effect in inhibiting the cells proliferation and induced apoptosis through targeting the PI3K, a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions and  in multiple cellular processes pathway. Other in the study of the same found that Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) inhibited both growth and proliferation and decreased cell viability of human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells through certain pathways, including aberrant EGF receptor (EGFR) or IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathway in downregulation of growth promoting and survival signaling cascades in advanced and androgen-independent human PCa PC-3 cells.

References
(1) Inositol hexaphosphate suppresses growth and induces apoptosis in prostate carcinoma cells in culture and nude mouse xenograft: PI3K-Akt pathway as potential target by Gu M, Roy S, Raina K, Agarwal C, Agarwal R.(PubMed)
(2) Inositol hexaphosphate downregulates both constitutive and ligand-induced mitogenic and cell survival signaling, and causes caspase-mediated apoptotic death of human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells. by Gu M, Raina K, Agarwal C, Agarwal R.(PubMed)

5. Phytochemical Phytic acid  and Diabetes
Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) are phytichemicasl of the organic acid found abundantly in nuts, sesame seeds, soybeans, wheat, pumpkin, beans, almonds, etc.
Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

The benefits
In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, fed with or without phytic acid supplementation for thirty days, showed a positive effects in lowering spike in random blood glucose, in the same group, serum triglycerides and increased total cholesterol and HDL was also reduced. On the levels of blood glucose and some enzymes of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism with rats fed formulated diets supplemented with zinc or without zinc, formulated diets supplemented with zinc plus phytic acid extracted from sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) or commercial phytic acid respectively, showed a lowered blood glucose levels in Phytic acid extract consumption from sweet potato and commercial phytic acid plus zinc supplement. These results may indicted that the use of sweet potato diet in diabetic management.

References
(1) The potential benefits and adverse effects of phytic Acid supplement in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Omoruyi FO1, Budiaman A1, Eng Y1, Olumese FE2, Hoesel JL3, Ejilemele A3, Okorodudu AO (PubMed)
(2) The effect of phytic acid on the levels of blood glucose and some enzymes of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by Dilworth LL, Omoruyi FO, Simon OR, Morrison EY, Asemota HN(PubMed)

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