Adding a portion of fennel in daily diet may have a potential and positive effect in reduced pain caused by sensory neurons stimulus in women with primary dysmenorrhea, some scientists suggested.
The results of the investigation were carried out by numbers of respectable institutes, including the Babol University of Medical Sciences and Health Services and details of the experiment were published on the online medical library.
Antinociceptive activity is an action or process of blocking the painful injurious stimulus by sensory neurons.
Dysmenorrhea is also known as a painful period, a menstrual cramp in the regions of the pelvis or lower abdomen that last a few days during menstruation, caused by overproduction of certain hormones in the family of prostaglandins.
Some women may experience periodic pains during or prior to, or after menstrual periods in the lower abdomen. In some cases, the pain can also spread over to the whole abdomen and lumbosacral region.
There are 2 Types of dysmenorrhea
* Primary dysmenorrhea
Primary dysmenorrhea affects about 90% in the girls in the first 2 years of menstruation. Some researchers suggested that it may be caused by immature of the reproductive organs.
* Secondary dysmenorrhea
Secondary dysmenorrhea is caused by gynecological diseases. including hormone imbalance, endometriosis, fibromas, pelvic inflammatory disease, etc.
Accompanied to the painful period, women may also experience to psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, irritability, digestive symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and physical symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, and painful breasts.
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean, used in traditional and herbal medicine as warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...
In order to compare the effect of combination of fennel extract/vitamin E with ibuprofen on the intensity of pain in primary dysmenorrhea among the students of Tabriz city in 2007-2009, researchers od the joint study lead by the Kosar Department of Shahid Motahhary Hospital carried out an investigation of 68 students from Medical and Tabriz universities, who were living in the dormitory, suffering from primary dysmenorrhea.
All participants were randomly divided into two groups of 34 students each (the two groups used combination of fennel extract/vitamin E and ibuprofen cross-over form in the 2 months).
Application of the combination displayed a mean of peak pain intensity in the first, second, third, sixth, and forty-eighth hours that is significantly lower than the ibuprofen group.
Also, a combination of fennel extract/vitamin E was more effective than ibuprofen in the first hour (P < 0.03) and second hour (P < 0.04), according to the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) tool for ranking the intensity of the pain.
These result suggested that fennel and vitamin E combination was more efficacy in blocking the neuron in transmitting pain caused by overexpression prostaglandins hormone in the induction of abdominal muscle constriction in compared to conventional medicine ibuprofen.
Dr. Nasehi M, the lead author, after taking into account of other co and confounders said, "Combination of fennel extract/vitamin E is effective on decreasing the intensity of pain of primary dysmenorrhea, and it is advised to those who cannot use chemical drugs".
In a separate study to investigate the effect of fennel used alone on primary dysmenorrhea symptoms and amenorrheal duration, 80 female students satisfied the criteria and guideline were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n = 40) and control (n = 40).
The intervention group was given one soft capsule Fennel (30 mg) every 4 hours, 3 days before menstruation till the 5th day and continued for 3 months. The control group received no medication.
According to the result of the experiments, fennel treated group exerted significant decrease of the mean of nausea intensity and weakness from 1.93, and 2.88 after 3 months, in compared to control group from 2.37, 6.65 in control group.
Furthermore, in compared to the control group, the fennel group reduced the duration of the menstrual period after two and three months of use.
Moreover, Fennel treated group demonstrated a strong improvement of quality and feelings of well-being after 1 and 3 months.
Taken together, fennel may be considered as functional food for treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea without inducing adverse effects.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The effect of fennel on pain quality, symptoms, and menstrual duration in primary dysmenorrhea by Ghodsi Z1, Asltoghiri M2. (PubMed)
(2) Comparison of the effectiveness of combination of fennel extract/vitamin E with ibuprofen on the pain intensity in students with primary dysmenorrhea by Nasehi M1, Sehhatie F2, Zamanzadeh V3, Delazar A4, Javadzadeh Y5, Chongheralu BM6.(PubMed)
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