Green Tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in Decreased Progression and Treatment of Her-2/ Positive Breast Cancer

Breast cancers with HER2 gene amplification or HER2 protein overexpression are called HER2-positive

HER2 is a protein that causes breast cancer cells to grow aggressively.


HER2-positive breast cancers tend to grow faster and are more likely to spread and come back in compared to HER2-negative breast cancers.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and the Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cells growth in the breast tissues. At the late stage, the cancerous cell may travel a distance away to infect other organs and tissues from the original site.

The study of bioactive green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was found to decrease the progression of breast cancer cells with Her-2/neu overexpression, through many mechanisms.

Application of green tea EGCG to Her-2/neu-driven mammary tumor cells showed a significant effect in blocking overexpression of key regulators in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway in induced invasive cell proliferation in breast outer layer tissues.

Additionally, the bioactive compound also inhibited Her-2/neu-driven mammary tumor cells by enhanced genes expression in related to tumor suppressor(epithelial genes E-cadherin, gamma-catenin) and promoted tumor cell cycle arrest(MTA3) and involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues(estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)).

Further analysis the study also addressed the important role of green tea EGCG in inhibition of Her-2/neu-driven mammary tumor cells through decreased the function of snail gene in the expression of tumor cells proliferative activity.

In cell migration and invasion assays, green tea EGCG also restrained branching colony growth and invasion of Her-2/neu-driven mammary tumor cells

Interestingly, invasive and metastatic I phenotype in mouse mammary tumor cells driven by overexpression of the protein in the transmuted transcription of DNA, involved cell survival and a messenger-independent in protecting against apoptotic tumor cells also inhibited by administration of green tea EGCG.

Furthermore, green tea EGCG treatment activated FOXO3a in triggered apoptosis of tumor cells and reversed the invasive characteristic of in ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells by blocking expression of the protein of transforming growth factor-beta in induced tumor cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation.


Further differentiation of overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor family member Her-2/neu in breast cancer, application of EGCG not only inhibited mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-Her-2/neu NF639 cell growth in culture and soft agar.but also ameliorated the risk of basal Her-2/neu receptor tyrosine phosphorylation in the contribution of exceptional oncogenic potency. via regulation of enzymes involved in cellular growth, proliferation, differentiation (phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase), and proteins in induced oncogenic transformation (Akt kinase to NF-kappaB pathway).

In SMF derived from mammary gland tumors and cultured and also epidermal growth factor receptor 4, green tea EGCG inhibited the expression of a significantly higher phosphorylation state of basal receptor which displays high constitutive Her-2/neu tumor.

Interestingly in the study of epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) effects in inhibited growth of Trastuzumab-resistant HER2-driven breast cancer cells, researchers found that EGCG treatment in a dose-dependent inhibited trastuzumab-resistant BT474 human breast cancer cells, isolated by chronic trastuzumab exposure and JIMT-1 breast cancer cells, by decreasing tumor growth, tumor cellular ATP production in absorption of chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes, and by inducing tumor cells apoptosis at high concentrations.

Most importantly, EGCG also suppressed multiple cellular processes such as glucose metabolism, apoptosis, cell proliferation, transcription, and cell migration. of Akt activity, improved FOXO3a function in triggered apoptosis of tumor cells and elevated expression of anti-tumor suppressor proteins. p27Kip1

Dr. Eddy SF, the lead author said, "EGCG in combination with trastuzumab may provide a novel strategy for the treatment of HER2-over expressing breast cancers, given that EGCG can cross the blood-brain barrier".

Taking all together, green tea with abundant bioactive polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may have therapeutic potential in reduced risk and progression of HER2 positive breast cancer, particularly when combined with other chemo-medicine.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Trastuzumab-resistant HER2-driven breast cancer cells are sensitive to epigallocatechin-3 gallate by Eddy SF1, Kane SE, Sonenshein GE.(PubMed)
(2) Activation of FOXO3a by the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces estrogen receptor alpha expression reversing invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells by Belguise K1, Guo S, Sonenshein GE.(PubMed)
(3) Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3 gallate inhibits Her-2/neu signaling, proliferation, and transformed phenotype of breast cancer cells by Pianetti S1, Guo S, Kavanagh KT, Sonenshein GE.(CANCER RESEARCH 62, 652–655, February 1, 2002])