Sunday, April 9, 2017

Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in Cardiovascular effects

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.                     

          Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan, primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS). In Gut, serotonin regulates intestinal movements, in CNS, it regulates mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, etc.


     Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)  in Cardiovascular effects 

Serotonin causes contraction of most large arteries and veins; it also causes contraction of venules. This is due mainly to direct activation of vascular smooth muscle, although amplification of the response to other endogenous vasoconstrictors (e.g., angiotensin II and norepinephrine) as well as facilitated release of norepinephrine may contribute. In peripheral blood vessels, the receptors mediating the contractions evoked by serotonin belong mainly to the 5-HT2-serotonergic subtype; in the coronary and cerebral arteries, this need not be the case. Vasodilator responses to serotonin are seen mainly at the arteriolar level, but they can also be observed in larger blood vessels. They can be caused by the release of other endogenous vasodilators (e.g., vasoactive intestinal polypeptide), direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission, or production of endothelium-derived relaxing factor(s). The dilator responses to serotonin are mediated by receptors with characteristics similar to 5-HT1-serotonergic binding sites. Aggregating platelets release enough serotonin to evoke both constrictor and dilator responses. The absence of endothelium may change the primary response to aggregating platelets from relaxation to contraction. The responsiveness of the blood vessel wall to serotonin can be augmented acutely by local hypoxia or by cooling(18).



Sources
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2446079

Saturday, April 8, 2017

Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and Hemostasis, platelet function in acute and chronic renal failure

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.                     

          Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan, primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS). In Gut, serotonin regulates intestinal movements, in CNS, it regulates mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, etc.


     Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) Hemostasis, platelet function  in acute and chronic renal failure

In the study to investigate some fibrinolytic parameters and platelet function of 17 patients with ARF and compared to healthy volunteers and subjects with chronic renal failure (CRF), found that since serotonin may participate in pathological processes resulting from platelet/vessel wall interactions, its level in the whole blood and plasma was also assayed. In ARF and CRF platelet aggregatory responses in both whole blood and in platelet rich plasma upon stimulation with various agonists (collagen, arachidonic acid, ADP, ristocetin) were lower than those obtained in healthy volunteers. Serotonin uptake and its release from platelets were markedly diminished in patients with ARF and CRF. Chronic renal failure exhibit a slightly different pattern of coagulopathies that acute renal failure(22).


Friday, April 7, 2017

Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the regulation of emotion processing and mood

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.                     

          Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan, primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS). In Gut, serotonin regulates intestinal movements, in CNS, it regulates mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, etc.


     Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the regulation of emotion processing and mood

Monoamines, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, play a crucial role in the regulation of emotion processing and mood. In the study to investigate how polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) influence emotion recognition abilities, researchers at the Department of General Psychiatry, Innsbruck Medical University, found that s-allele carriers performed significantly worse in the recognition of happy faces, but did better in the recognition of fearful faces, compared with homozygous l-carriers of the 5-HTT gene. Neither 5-HTT nor COMT genotypes influenced the ability to discriminate between different intensities of sadness or happiness on the PEAT(21).



Thursday, April 6, 2017

Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the blood vessel wall

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.                     

          Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan, primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS). In Gut, serotonin regulates intestinal movements, in CNS, it regulates mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, etc.


     Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the blood vessel wall

Serotonin has complex effects on the cardiovascular system. In the intact animal it may cause increases or decreases of blood pressure and in isolated blood vessels contraction or relaxation depending on the species and vascular bed studied, the route of administration and the dosage used. According to the study by Dr. Vanhoutte PM and Dr. Lüscher TF. serotonin may act indirectly by amplifying the response to norepinephrine and other agonists, by displacing norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve terminals or releasing constrictor substance(s) from the endothelium. Dilatation in response to serotonin is mediated by endothelial and prejunctional S1-serotonergic receptors which pharmacologically resemble 5-HT1-binding sites. In hypertension, constrictor responses to serotonin are augmented, while the vasodilator effects of the monoamine are decreased. The constrictor response to serotonin is increased more than those to other agonists, suggesting a functional rather than a structural adaptation of the hypertensive blood vessel wall. In hypertension the turnover of circulating platelets, the major source of peripheral serotonin, is accelerated and the mechanisms for the removal of the monoamine are impaired. The functional changes of the blood vessel wall and platelets could play a role in the maintenance of the increased peripheral vascular resistance in chronic hypertension, and they could be involved in the pathogenesis of complications of the hypertensive process(17).



Sources
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2939211

Wednesday, April 5, 2017

Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and vascular reactivity

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.                     

          Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan, primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS). In Gut, serotonin regulates intestinal movements, in CNS, it regulates mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, etc.


     Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and vascular reactivity

In the study of Serotonin causes of contraction of the vascular smooth muscle cells in most blood vessel, found that at low concentrations serotonin amplifies the vasoconstrictor responses to other vasoactive substances. Ultimately the effect of serotonin on vascular constriction is defined by the balance between these different actions. In the intact organism under normal conditions serotonin may play a modulatory role but exacerbation of the contractile effects because of hypersensitivity of the smooth muscle cells, local physical or humoral factors or loss of the relaxatory ability may lead to abnormal tissue responses. Thus, serotonin-induced vasoconstrictor responses may play a role in the etiology of vasospasm and peripheral vascular diseases, in particular at sites of endothelial lesions(16).



Sources
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2931729

Tuesday, April 4, 2017

Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and arterial vessels

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.                     

          Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan, primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS). In Gut, serotonin regulates intestinal movements, in CNS, it regulates mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, etc.


     Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and arterial vessels

The vasodilator effects of serotonin can be caused by (a) inhibiting vascular smooth muscle directly, (b) releasing other inhibitory substances, such as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, (c) inhibiting adrenergic neurotransmission, and (d) triggering of endothelium-dependent relaxation, according to the study by J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1984;6 Suppl 2:S421-8(15).



Sources
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6206351

Monday, April 3, 2017

Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)and vasoconstrictor synergism

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.                     

          Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan, primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS). In Gut, serotonin regulates intestinal movements, in CNS, it regulates mood, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, etc.


     Hormone Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and vasoconstrictor synergism

In the study to observe the Contractile synergism between serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and other vasoconstrictor substances in a number of peripheral and cerebrovascular blood vessels, found that this phenomenon may play an important role in certain pathological states such as hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, and coronary spasm. Tthe synergism between serotonin and other vasoconstrictor agents and focus on a recently described type of vasoconstrictor synergism in which precontraction with a non-5-HT receptor agonist yields an enhanced contractile response to serotonin which is mediated by previously inactive or "silent" 5-HT receptor subtypes(14).



Sources
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9585103