Gut microbiota or gastrointestinal microbiota is the complex community of over 10 trillion microorganisms living in our digestive tracts.
Use of antibiotics, diet, drugs, may alter the composition of the microbiota.
Under the normal condition, in healthy individuals, gut microbiota plays a critical role in the modulation of the immune, metabolic and neurobehavioral traits.
In Immunity, gut microbiota stimulates the immune system protective responses to pathogens and the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens.
In metabolism, gut microbiota improve glucose tolerance, mipoprotein profile and atherosclerotic plaque development.
In neurological disease, gut microbiota improved the neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, autism and Parkinson’s disease.
In other words, the balanced gut microbiota has a strong impact on the protection of our body against abnormal metabolism, infectious diseases, and loss or death of neurons in the initiation of diseases of the central nervous system.
Artichoke is a perennial thistle of Cynara cardunculus species of the Cynara genus, belonging to the family Carduoideae native to Southern Europe around the Mediterranean.
The herbal plant has been used in traditional medicine as liver protective and detoxified agent, and to treat digestive disorders, abdominal pain gas and bloating, etc.
Researchers on the finding a natural therapeutics for the improvement nonpathogenic intestinal microflora investigated the dried Jerusalem artichoke(JA) effects on microflora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the hindgut.in male pigs 1 week fed with JA before slaughter.
The study included 5 experimental groups (n = 11) given different dietary treatments 7 days before slaughter: negative control (basal diet), positive control (basal diet + 9% chicory-inulin), basal diet + 4.1% Jerusalem artichoke, basal diet + 8.1% Jerusalem artichoke and basal diet + 12.2% Jerusalem artichoke.
Increasing levels of Jerusalem artichoke to entire male pigs reduced skatole, a mildly toxic compound in digesta from colon and in feces and level of Clostridium perfringens, type of bad bacterias in the gut in both colon and rectum.
Furthermore, injection of JA also increased the total amount of SCFA (linear, P < 0.05), acetic acid (linear, P < 0.05) and valerianic acid (linear, P < 0.01) produced by the friendly bacteria in your gut in feces.
JA improved intestinal microflora by reducing skatole levels through decreasing in C. perfringens and the increase in SCFA with a subsequent reduction in pH.
Taken altogether, artichoke may be considered a functional formula for the improvement of the intestinal microflora, with no side effects, pending to the validation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Feeding Jerusalem artichoke reduced skatole level and changed intestinalmicrobiota in the gut of entire male pigs by Vhile SG1, Kjos NP, Sørum H, Overland M. (PubMed)
(2) The effects of inulin, dried Jerusalem artichoke tuber and a multispecies probiotic preparation on microbiota ecology and immune status of the large intestine in young pigs by Barszcz M1, Taciak M1, Skomiał J. (PubMed)
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