However, epidemiological suggested that antibiotics also kill the good bacterias and cells in the host, leading to weakened body functioning, including the immune system.
Furthermore, overuse of antibiotics over the past many decades has also caused genetic mutation in the bacteria, inducing the bacterial resistance superbugs that have caused a resurgence in some illnesses.
Out of billions of bacteria existed in the world, only a few hundreds have been known to cause infectious diseases. And bacterial pneumonia was probably the leading cause of death among the elderly.
Bacteria after entering the body and found a specific site to incubate, at the time permitted also secret toxins to attack the cells in the area, leading to infection and signs and symptoms of an illness.
Most common symptoms of the acute phase of infection are associated with an immune system response by stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines with an aim to kill off the pathogens, including fever, malaise, headache, rash.
People with a weakened immune system such as elderly and taking immune suppressive medicines and immature immune system such as infants are prone to the bacterial infection.
Honey, the rich golden liquid is the miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers.
The liquid is considered one of the healthy food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweetener by many people.
With an aim to find a natural therapy to replace the antibiotic with no side effects, researchers examined the antimicrobial activity and composition of a locally produced Portobello honey (PBH) on three bacteria known to infect wounds, compared to Manuka honey (MH).
The study included selected honeys were tested at four concentrations: 75%, 50%, 10% and 1% (v/v) and compared with untreated control.
According to the tested assays, both honeys at 75% and 50% inhibited the majority of the three bacteria tested. However, the 10% PBH exhibited antimicrobial activity to a lesser extent than 10% MH.
Both honeys were acidic with pH 4, and both produced H2O2 .
The results suggested although both honeys exert the similar antibacterial effects, the MH has significantly higher levels of the polyphenols and antioxidant activity than PBH.
Also, in the comparison of the antibacterial property of other types of honey and Manuka honey, researchers showed that Manuka honey was the most effective against Staphylococcus aureus Oxa R and S. aureus Oxa S with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 6% and 7%, respectively, compared to the wild carrot honey with a MIC of 12%.
Furthermore, tested Manuka honey contained the highest content of polyphenols, with 899.09 ± 11.75 mg gallic acid/kg, whereas lavender honey had the lowest, with 111.42 ± 3.54 mg gallic acid/kg.
Dr. the lead scientist wrote in the final report, "The differences between honey samples in terms of antibacterial and antioxidant activity could be attributed to the natural variations in floral sources of nectar and the different locations".
In other words, the antibacterial effect of honeys probably is associated with the levels of polyphenols content.
Taken altogether, honey processed a high amount of polyphenols may be considered antibacterial infection remedies with no side effects, pending to the confirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Anti-microbial activity and composition of manuka and portobello honey by Schneider M1, Coyle S, Warnock M, Gow I, Fyfe L. (PubMed)
(2) Antibacterial and antioxidant potency of floral honeys from different botanical and geographical origins by Alzahrani HA1, Alsabehi R, Boukraâ L, Abdellah F, Bellik Y, Bakhotmah BA. (PubMed)
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