Brain ischemia is a condition caused by insufficient blood flow to the brain to meet metabolic demand, leading to irreversible brain damage in severe cases.
In other words, brain ischemia-induced the death of neurons of the affected tissues.
A neuron or nerve cell made of a cell body (also called soma), dendrites and an axon, is a cell in the nervous system that carries electrical impulses.
Neurons are core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that play an essential role to process and transmit information.
The function of neurons can be classified into 3 types
* The sensory neurons found within the nervous system that convert external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses. In other words, sensory neurons are activated by sensory input from the environment, including physical input of sound, touch, heat, or light.
*The motor neurons transmit impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles,. In other words, motor neurons directly control all of the muscle movements.
* The interneurons connect the motor and sensory neurons. In other words, the interneurons transfer signals between sensory and motor neurons.
Brain ischemia can be classified into
* Focal ischemia is a condition caused by damage to a specific region of the brain; and
* Global ischemia is a condition of damage that affects the wide areas of brain tissue, leading to symptoms of impairments in vision, body movement, and speaking.
Dr. Taoufik E, the lead scientist, in the study of the neuron death following a stroke, may help to develop effectively neuroprotective strategies, said, "The two principal models for human stroke are induced in rodents either by global or focal ischemia. In both cases, blood flow disruptions limit the delivery of oxygen and glucose to neurons causing ATP reduction and energy depletion, initiating excitotoxic mechanisms that are deleterious for neurons".
And, "Both in vitro and in vivo studies, targeting a single death mechanism either by the inhibition of death-inducing molecules or the overexpression of antiapoptotic components in neurons, have shown tremendous neuroprotective potential".
Angelica or Dang Qui is a herb of Genus Angelica from the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China. The herb has been used as a Queen herb in traditional Chinese medicine antispasmodic and vasodilatory agent, and to balance the hormones in women for a normal menstrual cycle and menstruation and strengthen heart, spleen, kidneys, and liver for both men and women, etc. In other words, it is used to treat gynecological ailments, fatigue, mild anemia, and high blood pressure. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, etc.
On finding the potential and natural remedy for the treatment of post cerebral ischemia injury,
evaluated the effects of Angelica Sinensis extract [Dang Gui (DG)] administered before 60min of middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 3 days of reperfusion.
According to the results of DG intraperitoneally administered at a dose of 0.25 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg (DG-0.5g), or 1 g/kg (DG-1g) 30 min before the onset of cerebral ischemia
* DG-0.5g and DG-1g pretreatment effectively attenuated cerebral infarct and improved neurological deficits.
* DG-0.5g and DG-1g pretreatment significantly reduced proteins associated with the expression inflammatory response after injury, depredation, and apoptosis of neurons and pathways involved in the reduction of oxidative stress.
Furthermore, DG-0.5g and DG-1g pretreatment also protected the neurons against additional damage induced by cerebral ischemia injury by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and
cell apoptosis due to oxygen deficiency and improving the kinases in neurotransmission.
More precisely, DG-0.5g and DG-1g pretreatment provided neuroprotective effects against astrocyte-mediated cerebral infarction by activating angiogenic and anti-apoptotic signaling.
Based on the findings, Angelica Sinensis in a dose depend-manner may be used as a functional remedy for the protection of further neuron damage in patients with cerebral ischemia injury, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Angelica sinensis Exerts Angiogenic and Anti-apoptotic Effects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Activating p38MAPK/HIF-1[Formula: see text]/VEGF-A Signaling in Rats by Cheng CY1,2, Ho TY1, Hsiang CY3, Tang NY1, Hsieh CL4,5, Kao ST1, Lee YC. (PubMed)
(2) Ischemic neuronal damage by Taoufik E1, Probert L. (PubMed)
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