A glioma is a type of brain and spinal cord tumor characterized by the alternation of DNA of the glial cells.
Believe it or not, gliomas have been found accounting for 30 percent of all brain tumors and central nervous system tumors, and 80 percent of all malignant brain tumors.
Glioma can be classified into 3 types, including
* Astrocytomas are found in glial cells, star-shaped brain cells in the cerebrum called astrocytes. Most astrocytomas are localized.
* Ependymomas are cancers that grow in your brain or any part of the spine, including your neck and upper and lower back starting from the ependymal cells in the middle of your spinal cord and fluid-filled spaces in your brain.
* Oligodendrogliomas are cancers that begin on the oligodendrocytes of the brain or from a glial precursor cell.
The exact cause is unknown. Epidemiologically, age, exposure to radiation and family history are common risk factors that cause the onset of the disease,
Out of many prevalent factors, exposure to ionizing radiation has been found in many patients with glioma.
Dr. Maricruz Rivera, the lead scientist wrote, "Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults with a median survival of 12–15 months with treatment consisting of surgical resection followed by ionizing radiation (IR) and chemotherapy".
And, "While IR provides the benefit of improved survival, it paradoxically promotes a selection of more malignant cellular phenotypes of GBM".
Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as an inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.
With an aim to find a potential compound for the treatment of invasive glioma cells, researchers investigated bromelain, an aqueous extract from pineapple stem against anti-invasive gliomas.
According to the tested assays, bromelain significantly and reversibly reduced glioma cell adhesion, migration, and invasion without affecting cell viability.
In other words, bromelain inhibited cancer cell proliferation and spreading without inducing cell apoptosis.
Levels of alpha 3 beta 1 integrin-associated with gliomas cells spreading and CD44 protein associated with cancer cell progression were also inhibited by the administration of bromelain without affecting the gene expression.
In other words, the metabolic pathways for de novo nucleotide synthesis in cancer growth were greatly attenuated by bromelain.
Moreover, according to the transactivating signaling assay, bromelain inhibited the invasive glioma cell was also attributed to the suppression of CRE-mediated signaling processes in stimulating the tumor expansion.
Taken altogether, bromelain may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of invasive glioma cells. , pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of bromelain in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Bromelain reversibly inhibits invasive properties of glioma cells by Tysnes BB1, Maurer HR, Porwol T, Probst B, Bjerkvig R, Hoover F. (PubMed)
(2) Ionizing Radiation in Glioblastoma Initiating Cells by Maricruz Rivera,1,2 Kumar Sukhdeo,1,3 and Jennifer Yu. (PMC)
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