Chaste tree berry processes both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties may be considered as a functional food for women in delayed aging progression, restored hormone balance in ameliorated menstrual disorders, and alleviated menopausal symptoms and more........
Chaste tree berry is a species of Vitex agnus-castus, genus Vitex, belongings to the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, used in herbal medicine for thousands of year as an aphrodisiac herb and considered as Queen herb in treating menstrual problems and discomforts.
Estrogenic Property
Chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus-castus L.) displaced estrogenic ability induced the reaction of estrogen from the binding site of estrogen receptors alpha (ERalpha) and beta (ERbeta), in ameliorated the deregulation of 17β-Estradiol (E2) in exhibited the initiation and progression of cell malignancies, affecting various aspect in women body, a study by respectable Institute suggested.
According to the University of Illinois at Chicago, linoleic acid isolated from the extract of Vitex agnus-castus exerted estrogenic activity in binding to estrogen receptors, inducing certain estrogen-inducible gene expression in preserving the integrity of the genome, presented in a cell or organism.
Dr. Jarry H, the lead author in the study of "evidence for estrogen receptor beta-selective activity of Vitex agnus-castus and isolated flavones" found that besides linoleic acid, flavones derivative vitexin and penduletin. isolated from Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) also expressed the estrogenic effect as most active ERss-selective phytoestrogens.
Anti-estrogen Property
Chaste tree berry(Vitex agnus-castus), also processes anti-estrogenic property in binding the estrogen receptors for a balance between the activities of estrogen receptor ERα or ERβ.
Anti estrogenic effects are an act of binding the estrogen receptor(ERα ) and/ERβ in inhibiting the excessive levels of estrogen circulating in the body.
According to the University of Alabama in Huntsville, in the study of the potential effect of estrogen mimics or anti-estrogens in phytochemicals of popular dietary herbal supplements, researchers found that almost all herbal supplements containing phytochemical components showed a capability in binding to the human estrogen receptor and exhibit selective estrogen receptor modulation, including chaste tree berry.
Casticin, a flavonoid isolated from Vitex rotundifolia, significantly expressed anti-estrogenic effect in reduced the prolactin release stimulated by E2 in induced inhibition of ERα mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner, through its anti-estrogenic effect.
In a hyperprolactinemia (MIHP) induced by administration of metoclopramide dihydrochloride (50 mg/kg, tid, ip, for 10 d) in SD rats, application of casticin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, ip, for 7 d) reduced serum prolactin levels by 33.9%, 54.3%, and 64.7% and at(1 and 10 micromol/L) inhibited E2-induced pituitary cell proliferation by 27.7% and 42.1%, respectively through reduced levels of 17β-Estradiol (E2) significantly.
More importantly, oral administration of casticin, a flavonoid isolated from Vitex rotundifolia displayed an anti-estrogenic activity in decrease excessive levels of 17β-Estradiol (E2) significantly
Summary
Chaste tree berry(Vitex agnus-castus) exerts estrogenic components of plant extracts may constitute a potential use for some dietary supplements in human for treatment of various estrogen-related syndromes and diseases, including breast and prostate cancers, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis and stroke, and neurodegeneration and anti-estrogenic effects in binding estrogen receptor site to preserve the balancing of hormone expression of estrogen through ER-alpha and ERBeta inhibition and exhibition by regulating the function of some estrogen-inducible genes.
In other words, chaste tree berry stimulated estrogen receptors in release estrogen into the blood in case of deficiency or inhibited extra levels of estrogen in case of excess in maintenance hormone balancing with other sex hormones.
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Sources
(1) Isolation of linoleic acid as an estrogenic compound from the fruits of Vitex agnus-castus L. (chaste-berry) by Liu J1, Burdette JE, Sun Y, Deng S, Schlecht SM, Zheng W, Nikolic D, Mahady G, van Breemen RB, Fong HH, Pezzuto JM, Bolton JL, Farnsworth NR.(PubMed)
(2) Evidence for estrogen receptor beta-selective activity of Vitex agnus-castus and isolated flavones by Jarry H1, Spengler B, Porzel A, Schmidt J, Wuttke W, Christoffel V.(PubMed)
(3) Evaluation of estrogenic activity of plant extracts for the potential treatment of menopausal symptoms by Liu J1, Burdette JE, Xu H, Gu C, van Breemen RB, Bhat KP, Booth N, Constantinou AI, Pezzuto JM, Fong HH, Farnsworth NR, Bolton JL.(PubMed)
(4) Health effects of phytoestrogens by Branca F1, Lorenzetti S.(PubMed)
(5) A molecular docking study of phytochemical estrogen mimics from dietary herbal supplements by Powers CN1, Setzer WN1.(PubMed)
(6) Casticin, a flavonoid isolated from Vitex rotundifolia, inhibits prolactin release in vivo and in vitro by YE Q1, ZHANG QY, ZHENG CJ, WANG Y, QIN LP.(PubMed)
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