Chamomile processed a high amount of antioxidants may have a profound and positive effect on reducing the risk and treatment of skin cancer, according to studies.
Skin cancer is the medical condition caused by irregular cell growth in the skin tissues due to the alternation of cell DNA.
Most cases of skin cancer begin in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of skin tissues. However, at the advanced stage, the tumor cells can travel a distance away from the skin to infect other healthy tissue and organs, through lymph and blood, leading to secondary metastasis.
Organs or system which is vulnerable to skin metastasis is lymph, lung, and liver.
Although family and personal history, history of sunburn, excessive sun exposure and people who live in sunny or high-altitude climates are associated with the risks of skin cancer, some researchers suggested that skin cancer in the Western world may be attributed to the misunderstanding the risk of sun exposure and the risk of unhealthy skin, as we still can see a lots of naked skin exposed to sunlight during the Summer months in the parks.
According to the statistic, 90 percent of nonmelanoma skin cancers are associated with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. An estimated 4.3 million cases of BCC are diagnosed in the U.S. each year. causing the death of more than 3,000 people.
Dr. Honnavara N Ananthaswamy in the concern of the sunlight and risk of skin cancer wrote, " Laboratory studies have shown that UV-B region of the solar spectrum is responsible for this effect. The first step in UV skin carcinogenesis involves the induction of DNA damage".
And, "Occasional mistakes during the repair of this damage leads to the incorporation of wrong bases into the genetic material. The DNA damage that is left unrepaired may also disrupt cellular processes by obstructing the DNA and RNA synthesizing machineries and introduce the wrong bases into the DNA. These types of mistakes often result in mutation leading to loss or inappropriate expression of affected genes".
The finding indicated the progression of skin cancer in long-term UV exposure and how the UV light induces the change of skin cells' DNA.
Chamomile is also known as camomile, the common name of many species daisy-like plants in the family Asteraceae. The herb has been used in traditional medicine as antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory constituents and for the treatment of menstrual cramps and sleep disorders, reduce cramping and spastic pain in the bowels, relieve excessive gas and bloating in the intestine, etc.
Researchers on finding a herbal medicine for the treatment of skin cancer which not only continues to rise but also accounts for approximately 40% of all cancers reported in the United States and 9,500 deaths per year, examined the effects of chamomile against reactive oxygen species (ROS) type free radicals in the initiation of skin cancer and aging.
Compared to other herbal medicines used in the study, chamomile demonstrated skin protective effects against oxidative stress through its antioxidant activity.
In vitro, chamomile modulated the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced upregulation of ROS free radicals in normal human skin fibroblasts.
According to the flow cytometry-based assay, the free radical inhibition of chamomile was attributed to a single ingredient but varying concentrations of herbal chamomile natural components.
Additional investigation of the chamomile anti-skin cancer activity, researchers examined the bioactive compound Apigenin, the major active compound from herbal chamomile which was previously found to inhibit chemically induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and skin tumor promotion.
Increased ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was associated with the expression of oxidative stress in animal chemical induction.
After mouse skin carcinogenesis was induced by exposure to a total dose of 40 J/cm2 UVB over 11 weeks, application of Apigenin (5 mumoles/200 microliters DMSO:acetone, 1:9) treatment from 12 hours before until 1 hour following UVA/B exposure was effective in inhibition (25-45% inhibition) of ODC activity measured at 28 hours following UVA/B exposure.
Treatment with 10 mumoles apigenin in 200 microliters DMSO:acetone (1:9) prior to each UVB exposure showed a reduction in cancer incidence (52% inhibition) and an increase in tumor-free survival, compared to control mice.
Interestingly, in salmon sperm, Apigenin (0-100 microM) did not prevent the production of photoproducts to cause damage to the cell DNA.
The results strongly suggested that Apigenin inhibited UVA/B induced ODC activity or UVB induced skin carcinogenesis through many unknown mechanisms instead of simply absorbing ultraviolet light or decreasing DNA damage.
Taken altogether, herbal chamomile may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and combined with primary medicine for the treatment of skin cancer.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) The active natural anti-oxidant properties of chamomile, milk thistle, and halophilic bacterial components in human skin in vitro by Mamalis A1, Nguyen DH, Brody N, Jagdeo J.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of ultraviolet light induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice by apigenin, a plant flavonoid by Birt DF1, Mitchell D, Gold B, Pour P, Pinch HC.(PubMed)
(3) Suppression of protein kinase C and nuclear oncogene expression as possible molecular mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by apigenin and curcumin by Lin JK1, Chen YC, Huang YT, Lin-Shiau SY.(PubMed)
(4) Sunlight and skin cancer by Honnavara N Ananthaswamy. (PMC)
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