Chaste Tree Berry Reduced Symptoms of Pain in Severe Primary Dysmenorrhea

Chaste tree berry may have a potential effect in ameliorated the symptoms of severe uterine pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea.

Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is a condition of severe uterine pain during menstruation. Some women may experience periodic pains during or prior to, or after menstrual periods in the lower abdomen as resulting of overproduction of certain hormones in the prostaglandins family

Chaste tree berry is a species of Vitex agnus-castus, genus Vitex, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, used in herbal medicine for thousands of years as an aphrodisiac herb and considered as Queen herb in treating menstrual problems and discomforts.

According to the Nenehatun Hospital, In animal models, Chaste tree berry treatment significantly reduced symptoms of severe primary dysmenorrhea in the end of the third month of therapy.


In a total of 60 women with severe primary dysmenorrhea and 30 healthy women (control) included in this study. 30 patients treated with Ethinyl estradiol 0.03 mg/drospirenone (group 1) and another 30 treated with Fructus agni casti (group 2) during three menstrual cycles using the visual analog scale (VAS) scores, pulsatility index (PI), herbal plant treated group showed a higher mean PI and RI values in patients with severe primary dysmenorrhea in compared control groups on the first day of the first menstrual cycle (P < 0.0001) but the means of both values were significantly lower after the treatment in both groups compared to before values (P < 0.001 for both),

Additionally, researchers also found an increased uterine blood flow but no significant differences in terms of Doppler findings between groups 1 and 2, as women with severe symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea exhibited normally a high impedance to blood flow in uterine arteries with a preserved cyclic pattern throughout the whole cycle.

Dr. Aksoy AN, the lead author in the study said, "The effectiveness of Fructus agni casti was similar to that of ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone in patients with primary dysmenorrhea"

Other researchers also insisted that the efficacy of Chaste tree berry in reduced pain may be associated with the antinociceptive and analgesic activities, according to the petroleum ether fraction (PEF) from the aqueous ethanol extract of Vitex negundo Linn. (Verbenaceae) seeds injection into mice study conducted by the Second Military Medical University.

More importantly, another member of the Vitex group such as Vitex doniana extract may also have an effect in reduced uterine pain through regulating the hormone production of prostaglandins, ergometrine, and oxytocin which are found to have direct involvement of uterine muscle contractions.


Taking together, Chaste tree berry may be a potential herbal medicine for the treatment of painful symptoms in women with severe primary dysmenorrhea involved many mechanisms, including the antinociceptive, analgesic, hormone-regulated properties.


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Sources
(1) Evaluation of the efficacy of Fructus agni casti in women with severe primary dysmenorrhea: a prospective comparative Doppler study by Aksoy AN1, Gözükara I, Kabil Kucur S.(PubMed)
(2) Antinociceptive activities of the liposoluble fraction from Vitex negundo seeds by Zheng CJ1, Huang BK, Han T, Zhang QY, Zhang H, Rahman K, Qin LP.(PubMed)
(3) Activity of aqueous extract of the bark of Vitex doniana on uterine muscle response to drugs by Ladeji O1, Udoh FV, Okoye ZS.(PubMed)