Herbal Cramp Bark (Vib urnum opulus), the Anti-Endometriosis Functional Herb

Endometriosis is a painful disorder characterized by endometrial cells that grow in other areas in the reproductive organs, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes,..... and the tissue lining your pelvis, outside of the uterus.

Most cases of endometriosis are in the organs in the pelvic area, including ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Endometriosis also reacts to hormone signals of the monthly menstrual cycle, by building and breaking up tissues and eliminating them through the menstrual period.

According to the statistics provided by the Clinical Center of Niš,
* About 20% of reproductive-age women with endometriosis are asymptomatic

* About 55% of women have developed the new onset of severe menstrual cramps

* About 25% of women with sub-fertility (less fertile than a normal couple), depending on the stages of endometriosis.

Endometriosis can be classified into 4 stages
* Minimal stage
The top surface, few in number. Commonly they are found in the inside wall of uterus, ligaments, and ovary, causing a significant reduction in both progesterone and its ratio with 17 beta-oestradiol, luteal dysfunction and abnormal secretory patterns(3). Minimal stage endometriosis may lead to unexplained causes of infertility(2).

* Mild stage
Deeper implants, greater numbers are presented. Commonly found in the same area as a minimal stage, causing worsening of oocyte quality. The mild stage of endometriosis may lead to infertility(4).

* Moderate stage:
Many implants, endometrial cysts are presented, affecting ovary function, and causing scar tissues and adhesion.

* Severe stage:
Intensive peritoneal implants, large endometriomas are presented with dense adhesion.

Conventionally, most cases of endometriosis are treated by pain medicines such as NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and hormone therapy such as birth control pills with an aim to reduce pain and improve quality of life, including daily activity.

Cramp Bark is an ornamental plant, genus Viburnum, belonging to the family Adoxaceae, native to Europe and Asia. It has been used in traditional and herbal medicine as anti-spasmodic, anti-inflammatory, nervine. hypotensive agent and to treat menstrual cramps and pain, afterbirth, postpartum pains, excessive blood loss in periods, bleeding associated with the menopause, etc.

On finding a potential herbal medicine for the treatment of menstrual disorders, researchers examined
the effects of cramp-bark on endometriosis in an animal model.

In the endometriosis induced by suturing 15mm piece of the endometrium into the abdominal wall of Sprague Dawley rats, air-dried, powdered fruits of V. Opulus extracts sequentially with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH) showed a strong effect in reducing the endometriotic volumes.

In other words, the EtOAc and MeOH extract-administered group showed a decreased of endometrial volumes to 30.1mm3 and 34.7mm3, compared to the control group, respectively.

Furthermore, EtOAc groups showed no endometrial adhesion.

Moreover, according to the histopathological data both EtOAc and MeOH extract-administered groups displayed significant remission in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, compared to control.

The chemical compound associated with the anti endometriosis activity was found to be chlorogenic acid, according to HPLC analysis.

Based on the results, researchers said, "the effectiveness of the fruit extract of V. Opulus could be partially attributed chlorogenic acid. Other phenolic compounds could potentiate the activity due to their amount".

Cramp Bark(Viburnum opulus) may be considered an anti endometriosis remedy, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Viburnum opulus L.: A remedy for the treatment of endometriosis demonstrated by rat model of surgically-induced endometriosis by Saltan G1, Süntar I2, Ozbilgin S1, Ilhan M2, Demirel MA3, Oz BE1, Keleş H4, Akkol EK. (PubMed)