Green tea bioactive Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may have a therapeutic and profound effect in attenuated risk and treatment of autoimmune diseases, some scientists postulated.
Autoimmune diseases are class of diseases characterized by the immune system attacking its own tissues.
Green tea bioactive compound Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in the risk of autoimmune diseases was found to associate to many different mechanisms involved numbers of aspect.
In interleukin-1 receptor antagonist knockout (IL-1raKO) arthritis rodent models of human rheumatoid arthritis, intraperitoneal injection of EGCG three times per week after the first immunization showed a significant reduction of arthritis index observed by decreased damage and destruction of joint tissues.
The efficacy of green tea phytochemicals in inhibited arthritis expression was attributed to the activities in reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in accumulation of inflammatory cells into the synovium for joint destruction and oxidative stress proteins in facilitated inflammation and destruction of the joints in arthritis.
Furthermore, the extract also exhibited anti STAT3 expression in a mediated variety of genes in response to cell stimuli to induce cellular processes such as cell growth and division, cell movement, and apoptosis activated by cytokine-dependent inflammation, through phosphorylation-Stat3 Antibody (y705) and (S727)in shortening the duration of STAT3 activity.
Interestingly, additional analysis also found that application of green tea bioactive compound lowers the mediation effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) function in limited production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) in the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) function in the activated pro-inflammatory expression in innate immunity.
Moreover, injection of EGCG also exhibited anti-osteoclastic activity observed by reduced osteoclast markers in EGCG-treated IL-1RaKO mice.
In mice induced Sjögren's syndrome with pathogenic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the salivary glands, administration of green tea Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), was found to reduce overexpression of ROS in precipitated oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in MRL-Fas(lpr) mice with autoimmune sialadenitis through Heme oxygenase(HO)-1 in response to pro antioxidant expression and Bcl-2 with function to induce cell survival.
Additionally, in the investigation of the ameliorated effects of green tea in the risk of autoimmune sialadenitis in a murine model, application of the green tea extract chemical compound decreased the severity of sialadenitis substantially through reduced expressions of Thymine glycol (5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymine) with function in induced DNA damage by oxidation and ionizing radiation andgp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase in the production of ROS to react to the acute phase of infection.
Further differentiation indicated that the chemical constituents also ameliorated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) function in DNA duplication in both viruses and organisms and cleaved caspase 3 activity in the mediation of programmed cell death and TP53 or tumor protein in regulated apoptosis mediated by expression of BAX.
More profoundly, in the examine duct epithelial cells of salivary glands, EGCG-treated mice showed decreased levels of SS-A/Ro, an extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) and Sjögren syndrome antigen B or Lupus La protein (SSB/La) associated with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
Finally, green tea EGCG-treated mice also showed a lower Ifi202b interferon activated gene 202B expression in implicated the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Ifi202 overexpression in the kidney and immune organs, an indication of significantly increased disease progression in autoimmune glomerulonephritis, according to publication of Gene ID: 26388, updated on 5-Nov-2017.
Taken together, green tea processed abundantly bioactive phytochemicals may be considered as a functional food in reduced risk and treatment of autoimmune diseases. Intake of green tea extract should be taken with care as overdose-toxicity has been reported in numbers of incidence.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(*) Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in MRL-Fas(lpr) mice with autoimmune sialadenitis via upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 and Bcl-2. by Saito K1, Mori S, Date F, Ono M.(PubMed)
(*) EGCG attenuates autoimmune arthritis by inhibition of STAT3 and HIF-1α with Th17/Treg control by Yang EJ1, Lee J2, Lee SY1, Kim EK1, Moon YM1, Jung YO3, Park SH2, Cho ML1.(PubMed)
(*) Green tea EGCG, T cells, and T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases by Wu D1, Wang J, Pae M, Meydani SN.(PubMed)
(*) The ability of green tea to alleviate autoimmune diseases: fact or fiction? by Wu D, Wang J.
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