Scientists may have found a natural and pungent spice for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, according to the studies.
Cervical cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth disorderly and uncontrollably in the cervix tissue.
According to the statistics provided by the American Cancer Society, in 2018, approximately, 13,240 new cases of invasive cervical cancer were diagnosed. The disease causes the death of 4,170 women in the same year.
The 5-year survival rate for women with invasive cervical cancer is 92% if the cancer is detected at an early stage. About 46% of women with cervical cancer are diagnosed at an early stage.
Most cases of cervical cancer are detected during the annual physical exam during the Pap test.
The exact cause of cervical cancer is due to the alternation of the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the cervical tissue. Researchers do not know, Why? some women are more susceptible to the onset of cervical cancer while others do not, even they have the same health conditions and family history in the same family.
However, researchers do know that certain risk factors such as human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the increase in age, herpes infection, smoking are associated with the onset of cervical cancer.
Ethnicity also plays a critical role in cervical cancer, the American Cancer society wrote, "In the United States, Hispanic women are most likely to get cervical cancer, followed by African-Americans, Asians, and Pacific Islanders, and whites. American Indians and Alaskan natives have the lowest risk of cervical cancer in this country".
Furthermore, some researchers suggested that oral sex which refers to sexual activities involving the stimulation of the genitalia by the use of the mouth, tongue, teeth, or throat also have a strong linkage to cervical cancer. Dr. Rajiv Saini examined the link between oral sex and cervical cancer wrote, "Current research suggests that oral sex may transmit human papillomavirus (HPV), the virus implicated in the majority of cervical cancers. HPV is ubiquitous, with 120 strains isolated from human beings, about 40 of which are in the mouth and genital tracts".
Researchers on finding a natural compound for the treatment of cervical cancer examined the antitumor activities of 6-Gingerol, a potent nutraceutical isolated from the ginger on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines with or without wortmannin, rapamycin, and cisplatin.
Injection of 6-Gingerol showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines.
Combinations of 6-gingerol with wortmannin and cisplatin showed additive effects, while with rapamycin, it showed 50% cytotoxicity that was equivalent to IC50 of 6-gingerol alone.
Treatment with 6-gingerol resulted in G2-phase arrest in HeLa cells. 6-Gingerol, wortmannin, and rapamycin treatment showed almost two-fold higher expression of a pro-apoptotic protein in the tested cell line.
The finding strongly suggested that 6-gingerol may be a safe and potent chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive compound acting through cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in cervical tumor cells.
In order to reveal more information of ginger anti-cervical cancer properties, researchers examined the polyphenolic alkanone, 6-Gingerol (6G), presented in the pungent extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) anti-tumorigenic and pro-apoptotic activities against cervical cancer.
In vivo. 6G potently inhibited proliferation of the HPV positive cervical cancer cells.
Additionally, 6G was found to inhibit the chymotrypsin activity associated with the induced degradation of tumor suppressor proteins, reactivate the gene involved regulating cell cycle and tumor suppression and suppress the protein involved a cellular response to cytokines, chemokines, stimuli.
More interestingly, injection 6G also expressed an inhibitory activity against cervical cancer cell lines through inducing DNA damage of the tumor cell and G2/M cell cycle arrest and potentiate the cytotoxicity of cisplatin.
6G treatment induced a significant reduction of tumor volume, tumor weight, inhibition of proteasome that breaks down protein and tumor suppressive gene accumulation in HeLa xenograft tumor cells in vivo.
Dr. Rastogi N and colleagues said, " our data underscore the therapeutic and chemosensitizing effects of 6G in the management and treatment of cervical cancer".
Taken altogether, ginger with abundantly bioactive compound 6-gingerol may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and combined with primary medicine for the treatment of cervical cancer, pending to the confirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) 6-Gingerol Mediates its Anti Tumor Activities in Human Oral and Cervical Cancer Cell Lines through Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest by Kapoor V1, Aggarwal S1, Das SN. (PubMed)
(2) Proteasome inhibition mediates p53 reactivation and anti-cancer activity of 6-gingerol in cervical cancer cells by Rastogi N1, Duggal S2, Singh SK3, Porwal K1, Srivastava VK2, Maurya R4, Bhatt ML2, Mishra DP. (PubMed)
(3) Oral sex and oral cancer: A virus link by Rajiv Saini. (PMC)
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