Herbal Cascara sagrada processed bioactive compounds emodin and aloin may have a strong inhibited effect against the onset of mastitis according to studies.
Mastitis is an inflammation of breast tissue, affecting mostly the mothers who are breastfeeding.
Most cases of mastitis are caused by a bacterial infection such as Staphylococcus aureus.
Most common risk factors of lactation mastitis are blocked duct(s) and restriction from a tight bra, attachment difficulties, and nipple pain during a feed were the significant predictors for mastitis in the first time breastfeeding mothers, according to the Journal of Human Lactation
Most common symptoms of mastitis are breast pain, swelling, warmth, and redness. Some patients may also experience symptoms of fever and chills.
Most cases of mastitis are treated with antibiotics, the medicine may be effective but it has found epidemiologically to induce some side effects.
If you are currently taking one of them, please make sure you know all the side effect for preventive measure.
According to the study of 946 breastfeeding women from Michigan and Nebraska for the first 3 months postpartum or until they stopped breastfeeding to describe mastitis incidence, mastitis treatment, and any associations between mastitis occurrence and hypothesized host characteristics and behaviors.researchers found that mastitis is a very common condition in lactation women.
Telephone interviewed by at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postpartum or until they ceased breastfeeding, a total of 9.5% reported provider-diagnosed lactation mastitis at least once during the 12-week period, with 64% diagnosed via telephone.
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc., effect.
Besides the main compound of anthraquinones, other compounds include anthraquinone glycosides, (emodin, frangulin, iso-emodin, aloe-emodin, and chrysophanol), rhein, aloin, malic acid, tannic acid, cascarosides A, B, C, and D, and hydroxy anthracene derivatives (HAD), etc.
Researchers on finding herbal medicine for the treatment of mastitis examined the Emodin, the major active compound of herbal Cascara Sagrada and Chinese herb Radix et Rhizoma Rhei effect on mastitis.
The mouse model of mastitis was induced by injection of LPS through the duct of the mammary gland. Pretreatment of emodin intraperitoneally with the dose of 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg respectively 1h before and 12h after induction of LPS showed a significant reduction of levels of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress makers and neutrophils, a type of white blood cell.
Emodin influenced nuclear factor kappa-B signal transduction pathway, a protein associated with the controls of transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. by inhibiting activation of (nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65 involved) a protein complex involved the immune response and (degradation inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα), and degradation of the cellular response to inflammation.
Furthermore, the efficacy of emodin also attributed to the activation of the signaling pathways associated with the cellular responses to environmental stress and stimuli and the production of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Researcher wrote in the conclusion of the study, "Emodin could exert beneficial effects on experimental mastitis induced by LPS and may represent a novel treatment strategy for mastitis".
Moreover, in order to investigate the effects of herbal Cascara Sagrada and (Mastitis), researchers examined the herbal Cascara Sagrada and (Mastitis) therapeutic potential photogenically derived aloin, another major compound of the herb, mediated nanosilver particles (AAgNPs), prepared by reduction of silver nitrate with aloin, in Staphylococcus aureus-induced murine mastitis.
The study included a total of 40 female mice divided into five groups of eight animals each.
* Group I served as lactating control,
* Groups II-V inoculated with 20 μl of 24 h broth culture of S. aureus containing 4.0 × 105 cfu/quarter under ketamine anesthesia. After 6 h post inoculation, and
* Groups III and IV received 20 μl of aloin nanosilver (AAgNPs) through intramammary and intraperitoneal routes, respectively.
* Group V received antibiotic cefepime at 1 mg/kg body weight through the intraperitoneal route.
After 18 hours of post-treatment, injection of the compound showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 21.8 ng/ml against S. aureus.
Nanosilver particles (AAgNPs) showed a significant reduction of 98% of the poly-morpho nuclear cell, a category of white blood cells in the mediation of the phase of inflammation, compared to only 50% in an antibiotic.
Taken altogether, herbal Cascara Sagrada processed abundantly bioactive compounds emodin and aloin may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and combined with primary medicine for the treatment of mastitis.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Emodin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced mastitis in mice by inhibiting activation of NF-κB and MAPKs signal pathways by Li D, Zhang N, Cao Y, Zhang W, Su G, Sun Y, Liu Z, Li F, Liang D, Liu B, Guo M, Fu Y, Zhang X, Yang Z.(PubMed)
(2) Evaluation of therapeutic potential of nanosilver particles synthesised using aloin in experimental murine mastitis model by Chaitanya Kumar TV, Muralidhar Y, Prasad PE, Prasad TN, Alpha Raj M.(PubMed)
(3) Risk Factors for Lactation Mastitis by Catherine Fetherston, RM, MSc, IBCLC. (Journal of Human Lactation)
(4) Lactation Mastitis: Occurrence and Medical Management among 946 Breastfeeding Women in the United States by Betsy Foxman Hannah D'Arcy Brenda Gillespie Janet Kay BoboKendra Schwartz. (American Journal of Epidemiology)
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