Strawberry Effects on Human Type 1 Allergy

The antigen is a toxin or other foreign pathogens that induce an immune response in the body, by stimulating the production of antibodies IgE.

According to the statistic, approximately 50 million Americans each year suffer from an allergy-related disease or condition. and the syndrome is a sixth leading cause of chronic illness in the US.

Epidemiological studies suggested that people with certain medical conditions such as asthma, family history of allergy and asthma and are younger than the age of 18 are at the increased risk of allergy.

Food allergies of type I which are mediated by food-specific IgE antibodies by signaling the release of histamine from the mast cells upon the contact with the relevant allergen, causing symptoms of skin, nose, throat, and lung irritation.

The genetic proposition is also one of the prevalent risk factors for allergic onset. Dr. Romina A. Ortiz, the lead author in the examine the genetic risk in allergic diseases, wrote, "The allergic diseases are complex phenotypes for which a strong genetic basis has been firmly established" and "A major outcome of Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in allergic disease has been the formation of national and international collaborations leading to consortia meta-analyses, and an appreciation for the specificity of genetic associations to sub-phenotypes of allergic disease".

The genes which have a potential cause of the allergic disease include ORMDL3 locus with childhood asthma and generalizability of FLG mutations with allergic diathesis.,...

Strawberry is a genius of Fragaria × ananassa belongs to the family Roseaceae. They have been grown all over the world with a suitable climate for commercial profits and for health benefits.

The major chemical compounds include anthocyanin and ellagitannins and p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, ellagic acid, cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin.

On finding potential and natural whole food for the prevention and treatment of type 1 allergy with no side effects, scientists at the Gifu University evaluated the anti-allergic activity of chemical constituents isolated from the strawberry.

Linocinnamarin (LN), 1-O-trans-cinnamoyl-beta-d-glucopyranose (CG), and cinnamic acid (CA) from the fruit were found to exert a significant effect against exhibited antigen (Ag) in stimulating the cellular process that releases antimicrobial cytotoxicity in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells.

On cellular responses induced by antigen stimulation, LN and CA markedly inhibited antigen-stimulated the elevation of intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration which plays an important role in T cell activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

The results were associated with the suppression of the Ag-stimulated spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) activation that mediates immune receptors associated with antibody and antigen.

Further analysis of the efficacy of LN and CA, researchers discovered that the inhibition of antigen-by LN and CA is mainly due to inactivation of Syk/phospholipase Cgamma (PLCgamma) pathways which control both the innate and adaptive immune systems.


Dr. Ninomiya M, said in the final report, "LN and CA isolated from F. ananassa Duch. (strawberry) could be beneficial agents for alleviating symptoms of type I allergy".

Other bioactive compounds isolated from strawberry including isolated the 4 kinds of flavonoids from strawberry 'Nohime' also were found to exert similar effects on the cellular process that releases antimicrobial cytotoxicity in RBL-2H3 cells in the Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology study.

The found flavonoids demonstrated a strong effect on the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and PLCgammas similar to those of the above study.

Treatment of flavonoids also displayed a strong effect on the intracellular signaling pathway associated with the regulation of immune cell function.

Dr. Itoh T, the lead author at the end of the experiment wrote, " suppression of Ag-stimulated degranulation by the flavonoids is mainly due to suppression of [Ca(2+)]i elevation and Syk activation".

Taken altogether, strawberry, the tasty fruit processed high amounts of bioactive compounds may be considered a function fruit for the prevention and treatment of type 1 allergy with no side effects.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Genetics of Allergic Diseases by Romina A. Ortiz, MS and Kathleen C. Barnes, Ph.D. (PMC)
(2) Phenolic constituents isolated from Fragaria ananassa Duch. inhibit antigen-stimulated degranulation through direct inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase activation by Ninomiya M, Itoh T, Ishikawa S, Saiki M, Narumiya K, Yasuda M, Koshikawa K, Nozawa Y, Koketsu M.(PubMed)
(3) Inhibitory effects of flavonoids isolated from Fragaria ananassa Duch on IgE-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 by Itoh T, Ninomiya M, Yasuda M, Koshikawa K, Deyashiki Y, Nozawa Y, Akao Y, Koketsu M.(PubMed)