Wednesday, March 2, 2016

Most Common Diseases of elder: Lower respiratory tract infection (Respiratory Disease) – Bronchitis Treatments In TCM perspective

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

                            Respiratory Disease 

Respiratory Disease is defined as medical conditions, affecting the breathing organ and tissues including Inflammatory lung disease, Obstructive lung diseases, Restrictive lung diseases, Respiratory tract infections, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, the nerves and muscles breathing , etc,.

                     Lower respiratory tract infection


The lower respiratory tract infection are the infection consisting of the trachea (wind pipe), bronchial tubes, the bronchioles, and the lungs, including the bronchitis and pneumonia. According to The World Health Report 2004 – Changing History(1), in 2002 lower respiratory track infection were still the leading cause of deaths among all infectious diseases, and accounted for 3.9 million deaths worldwide and 6.9% of all deaths that year.

                             Bronchitis

Bronchitis is defined as a condition of an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi, the larger and medium-sized airways that carry airflow from the trachea into the lung parenchyma(7). Most cases of Bronchitis are as a result of recurrent injure to the airways caused by inhaled irritants and cigarette smoking(6). 

                        Treatments

In traditional Chinese medicine perspective
Chronic bronchitis is chronic non-specific inflammation of bronchial mucosa and its surrounding tissues due to infected or non-infected factors. Except other reasons causing chronic cough, it can be diagnosed from cough and expectoration for 3 months with a history over 2 years. It can be classified as”cough”, “dyspnea” and “asthma” in TCM(59).
Application of herbal medicine to acupoints is to regulate the meridians, yin-yang, and qi and blood for preventing and treating diseases through the pharmacological action of herbal medicines and with their stimulation to the acupoints, including the treatment of hypertension, asthma, chronic bronchitis and allergic rhinitis(60).
1. Jiawei yupingfeng powder
In the study to explore the effect of Jiawei Yupingfeng Powder (JYP) on T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with senile chronic bronchitis in acute onset stage (SCB-AOS), found that Increase of CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8 (P < 0.05) and decrease of CD8 (P < 0.01) were significantly shown in the treated group after treatment, but no change in the control group. Besides, comparison of the total effective rate in the two groups also showed significant difference (P < 0.05)(61).
2. Kesuning granule
In the study to prove the effect of Kesuning Granule (KSNG) in treating chronic bronchitis in exacerbation (Phlegm-Heat syndrome) and objectively evaluate its safety with a double-blinded, double-dummy and randomized controlled method adopted to observe 120 patients, who were divided into the treated group (n = 60, treated with KSNG 8 g, three times a day) and the control group (n = 60, treated with Jinbei Tankeqing Granule (JBTKQ) 7 g, three times a day). The therapeutic course for both groups was 6 days found that in the treated group, the markedly effective rate was 58.33% and effective rate was 93.33%, while in the control group, they were 51.67% and 91.67% respectively, no significant difference was found between the two groups(62).
3. Jinshui liujun decoction
In the study to assess the effect of Jinshui Liujun decoction (JSL) in treating chronic bronchitis. found that JSL was proved to be efficacious in improving immune function of the body and pulmonary ventilatory function (P < 0.01). JSL could not only increase the secretion of rats’ trachea mucosa and dilute sputum, but also increase the motion speed of the pigeons’ trachea cilia, thus facilitate the removal of sputum. Compared with the normal saline control group, both animal experiments displayed significant statistical difference (P < 0.01), but without significant difference when compared the JSL group with the positive drug Juhong Tanke Ye control group(63).
4. Yu ping feng powder
In the study to observe the influence of modified Yu Ping Feng San (MYPFS) on bacterial adhesion of tracheal mucosa, four experiments of bacterial adhesion in pneumatic tract were conducted, in which mice of chronic bronchitis model (CBM) induced by SO2 stimulation and another health control group breathed in aerosol contained Pseudomonas aeruginosa under the same condition, found that theories of traditional Chinese medicine in “strengthening body resistance to eliminate the pathogenic factor”, so that they provided experimental evidence for TCM tonics to prevent and treat infection of respiratory tract(64).
5. Etc.


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