Arnica may have a profound and therapeutic effect in ameliorated risk and treatment of colon cancer, some scientists suggested.
The results of the investigation were carried out by some respectable institutes, including the University of São Paulo and the University of Münster, and published on online medical literature.
Colon cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth irregularly and uncontrollably in the colon tissue. At the later stage, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away from the original site to infect other healthy tissue.
Arnica is a herbaceous species, genus perennial, belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia, used in herbal medicine for centuries to treat strains, sprains, and bruises.
Wound healing is a process of repairing after the damage of the skin, tissues, organs, etc.
In the study to reconfirm the use of the technique in detecting the early stage of colon cancer through examining the expression of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colon-rectal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation researchers at the University of São Paulo conducted an experiment of 50 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 5 groups, as indicated below
* Groups G1 to G4 was given 4 injections of the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)
* The G2 group received Lychnophora ericoides (LE) extracts for 6 wk.
* The groups G3 and G4 received LE for 4 wk and 2 wk, respectively, at the postinitiation and initiation phases of colonic carcinogenesis. The group G5 was the control.
Observation at the 42th day after the first injections of DMH for the neoplasia induction found that Arnica treatment group (LE), including G2, 3 and 4 demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and a reduction of cell proliferation induced by DMH.
These indications suggested that Arnica consisted of a protective influence on the process of colon carcinogenesis, through suppressing both the initiation and the promotion of colonic carcinogenesis.
Furthermore, in the reexamine the cytotoxic activity of phytochemical compound isolated from Arnica, against COLO 320, a human colorectal cancer cell line using the microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, researchers found that isolated flavonoids showed moderate to low cytotoxicity, in compared to the reference compound cisplatin at 2.9 microM.
Cisplatin is a conventional chemo medication used to treat a number of cancers.
In 2 hours of injection, sesquiterpene lactones, helenalin at dose of 1.0 microM, possessing both the reactive alpha-methylene-gamma-lactone moiety and a reactive alpha,beta-unsubstituted cyclopentenone ring, displayed the strongest cytotoxicity against the tested colon cell line in compared to other compounds.
In compared to tested GLC4, a human small cell lung carcinoma cell line, COLO 320 was more sensitive to many flavonoids (especially for flavones) but more resistant to the cytotoxic effect of the sesquiterpene lactones.
Interestingly, in the evaluation of Arnica effect in deregulation of c-myb expression involved in the development of human tumors, especially certain types of leukemia and breast and colon cancer, researchers indicated that application of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from Arnica suppress Myb-dependent gene expression with potential anti-colon cancer activity with the IC50 values were in a range between 0.7 and >30 μM.
C-myb is a member of the terminal domain with function in regulated the expression of hematopoiesis, cell proliferation, and differentiation in tumorigenesis.
In compared to other isolated bioactive compounds, furanoheliangolide goyazensolide and the pseudoguaianolide helenalin acetate with IC50 = 0.6 and 0.7 μM, respectively, represented the most active inhibitors of c-Myb dependent gene expression.
Observed by the control measurements for cell viability (MTS assay), researchers also found that c-Myb dependent gene expression is not a function of cytotoxicity/unspecific cell damage.
All these results indicated that Arnica processed a significant effect in prevented early-onset, progression and treatment of colon cancer through it bioactive compounds in the inhibited onset of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colon-rectal mucosal epithelial cell and colon cancer cells proliferation and gene expression in the risk of colon cancer.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The protective role of Lychnophora ericoides Mart. (Brazilian arnica) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis by Fernandes CR1, Turatti A, Gouvea DR, Gobbo-Neto L, Diniz A, Ribeiro-Silva A, Lopes NP, Garcia SB.(PubMed)
(2) Cytotoxicity of flavonoids and sesquiterpene lactones from Arnica species against the GLC4 and the COLO 320 cell lines by Woerdenbag HJ1, Merfort I, Passreiter CM, Schmidt TJ, Willuhn G, van Uden W, Pras N, Kampinga HH, Konings AW.(PubMed)
(3) Natural sesquiterpene lactones as inhibitors of Myb-dependent gene expression: structure-activity relationships by Schomburg C1, Schuehly W, Da Costa FB, Klempnauer KH, Schmidt TJ(PubMed)
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