Anise may be used as an anticonvulsant with potential and substantial effect in the prevention and treatment of seizures, some scientists suggested.
Anise is a flowering plant of the species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belonging to the family Apiaceae native to Egypt and the Mediterranean region, used in traditional herbal medicine as a fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic,...
Chemical constituents
Anethole, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.
Anticonvulsant is a function to control seizures (convulsions) or stop an ongoing series of seizures.
According to the study of the Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, in the investigation of essential oil isolated from the fruits of Pimpinella anisum (Umbelliferae), a folkloric remedy in the Iranian traditional medicine against seizures, application of the essential oil on seizures male mice induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) or maximal electroshock (MES) suppressed the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) or maximal electroshock (MES) expression in stimulated a significant increase in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal activity in the anterior thalamus, retrosplenial cortex, and dentate gyrus of the brain.
However, application of Anise also induced clonic convulsions which were found to last mere seconds, or continue for several minutes and motor impairment in other doses not used for the treatment of seizures.
The information suggested that Anise in a specific dose may have a profound effect in reduced risk of seizure but the exact amount intake should only be prescribed by an herbal specialist in the prevention of clonic convulsions and motor impairment.
Further analysis of the effect of the essential oil is prevented and treatment of seizure attacks, researchers conducted a study using different concentrations of anise oil rat model induced seizure by injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and neuronal hypoxia induced by oxygen withdrawal on production of dark neurons and induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) and indicated that
injection of Anise oil exhibited protection of the brain neuron by inhibiting the production of dark neurons which were found to associated to increased seizure attacks frequency, thus prolonging the period between seizure attacks and reducing the amplitude and duration of epileptiform burst discharges due to neuron abnormal excitability induced by injection of intraperitoneal PTZ
Interestingly, application of anise oil also demonstrated a significant inhibited the depolarization, glutamate release caused by toxicity of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) to induce neuron collapsed in different regions of the brain in epileptic rats.
Moreover, the application of Anise essential oil also significantly enhanced the biotic or biotic factor that affects either oxygen supply (cardiorespiratory capacity) or oxygen demand (metabolic rate) through the expression of anoxic terminal negativity in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices in initiated neuroprotective effect.
Amazingly, the administration also demonstrated a direct stabilization of the cell membrane after the acute onset of hypoxia and ischemia caused by oxygen withdrawal and inhibited the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP).
Dr. Karimzadeh F, the lead author, after taking into account other confounders said, "the anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects of anise oil, likely via inhibition of synaptic plasticity".
Taken together, Anise essential oil may be considered as an adjunct therapy to reduce the risk and frequency of seizures attacks and used the combination with conventional medicine for treatment of seizures.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The fruit essential oil of Pimpinella anisum exerts anticonvulsant effects in mice by Pourgholami MH1, Majzoob S, Javadi M, Kamalinejad M, Fanaee GH, Sayyah M.(PubMed)
(2) Anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects of Pimpinella anisum in rat brain by Karimzadeh F1, Hosseini M, Mangeng D, Alavi H, Hassanzadeh GR, Bayat M, Jafarian M, Kazemi H, Gorji A.(PubMed)
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