Inflammation is a natural response in which the white blood cells in the first line of defense of the immune system try to destroy the harmful pathogens before they can enter the body to multiply inducing the acute phase of infection.
However, overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in this phase can cause damage to the nearby healthy cells, leading abnormal production of collagen ratio in the initiation of scars forming.
Inflammation can be classified into 2 types
*Acute inflammation caused by trauma, microbial invasion, or noxious compounds, is a condition that starts rapidly, and becomes severe in a short time and lasts for a few days.
Most pathogens are stopped in the acute phase of infection, depending on the location and the size of the wound and tissue damage.
* Chronic inflammation is a slow, long-term inflammation, lasting for months to years caused by the inability of immunity to repair and overcome the damage or injury.
If the immune system can not kill off all invaded pathogens with a set of period of time, it will compromise, leading to the low-grade chronic inflammation with the persistent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the affected area.
Long-term low-grade inflammation ultimately leads to tissues and organ damage, inducing a number of chronic illnesses, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Symptoms of low-grade chronic inflammation include body pain as in arthritis, constant fatigue and insomnia as in cancer, depression, anxiety, and mood disorders and gastrointestinal complications such as constipation, diarrhea, and acid reflux, unintended weight loss or gain depending on the infected tissues and organs.
According to statistics, chronic inflammatory diseases affects approximately 350 million people worldwide and nearly 43 million people in the United States or almost 20% of the population. The prevalence of the diseases is anticipated to increase persistently for the next 30 years, causing a financial burden on the economy and health care sector.
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native in demagogical South Asia.
The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.
Coltsfoot(Tussilago farfara) is a perennial herbaceous plant, genus Tussilago, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia. The herb has been used over thousands of year to treat asthma, various coughs, bronchial congestion, respiratory disorders, headaches and obstruction in the nasal passage, etc.
On finding a potential compound for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, researchers examined the anti-inflammatory effect of Tussilagone (TSL), isolated from the flower of buds of Tussilago farfara (Compositae).
According to the tested analysis, RAW264.7 cells treated by TSLshowed a significant activity to increase HO-1 protein expression associated with anti-inflammatory activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner without the induction of HO-1 mRNA expression.
In other words, TSL-mediated HO induction may be regulated at the translational level involved in the cellular response to stressors, growth cues, and differentiation through its anti-inflammatory properties.
Pro-inflammatory proteins such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were also inhibited by the administration of TSL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "TSL may be an effective HO-1 inducer that has anti-inflammatory effects and a valuable compound for modulating inflammatory conditions.".
Taken altogether, coltsfoot may be considered a remedy for the treatment of disease associated with inflammatory disease, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The anti-inflammatory effect of tussilagone, from Tussilago farfara, is mediated by the induction of heme oxygenase-1 in murine macrophages by Hwangbo C1, Lee HS, Park J, Choe J, Lee JH. (PubMed)
(2) Chronic Inflammation by Roma Pahwa, and Ishwarlal Jialal. (NCBI)
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